CN102066336A - 2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基或烷氧基-5-取代的-嘧啶-4-羧酸酯和它们作为除草剂的用途 - Google Patents
2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基或烷氧基-5-取代的-嘧啶-4-羧酸酯和它们作为除草剂的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102066336A CN102066336A CN2009801232639A CN200980123263A CN102066336A CN 102066336 A CN102066336 A CN 102066336A CN 2009801232639 A CN2009801232639 A CN 2009801232639A CN 200980123263 A CN200980123263 A CN 200980123263A CN 102066336 A CN102066336 A CN 102066336A
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- Prior art keywords
- herbicides
- substituted
- compound
- alkoxy
- radical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 title abstract description 85
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004767 (C1-C4) haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006656 (C2-C4) alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006650 (C2-C4) alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical class [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004995 haloalkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 2- (substituted phenyl) -6-hydroxy-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 34
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- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 10
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- IAJOBQBIJHVGMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4-[hydroxy(methyl)phosphoryl]butanoic acid Chemical compound CP(O)(=O)CCC(N)C(O)=O IAJOBQBIJHVGMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- BDQWWOHKFDSADC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-dichloro-3-methylphenoxy)-n-phenylpropanamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)C(C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C(C)=C1Cl BDQWWOHKFDSADC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CLQMBPJKHLGMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)nicotinic acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C(C)C)(C)N=C1C1=NC=CC=C1C(O)=O CLQMBPJKHLGMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- RXCPQSJAVKGONC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Flumetsulam Chemical compound N1=C2N=C(C)C=CN2N=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=C(F)C=CC=C1F RXCPQSJAVKGONC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
- C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D239/30—Halogen atoms or nitro radicals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
- C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D239/32—One oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom
- C07D239/34—One oxygen atom
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Abstract
本发明涉及2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基或烷氧基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶羧酸和它们的衍生物,其呈现出广谱杂草防治活性的除草剂。
Description
本发明要求2008年4月18日提交的美国临时专利申请61/124,695的权益。
技术领域
本发明涉及2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基-4-嘧啶羧酸或烷氧基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶羧酸和它们的衍生物,以及涉及这些化合物作为除草剂的用途。
背景技术
多种嘧啶羧酸和它们的杀虫性质已经描述在现有技术美国专利申请2007/0197391A1和美国专利7,300,907B2中,所述美国专利申请2007/0197391A1和美国专利7,300,907B2一般性地披露了2-取代的-6-氨基-4-嘧啶羧酸和它们的衍生物以及它们作为除草剂的用途。美国2009/0043098描述一些2-取代的-1,6-二氢-6-氧代-4-嘧啶羧酸和它们在制备2-取代的-6-氨基-4-嘧啶羧酸中的用途。
现在已经发现,2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基-4-嘧啶羧酸或烷氧基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶羧酸和它们的衍生物为具有广谱杂草防治活性和在低使用率时具有优良作物选择性的除草剂,所述除草剂抗阔叶杂草以及禾本科杂草和莎草。所述化合物还具有优良的毒理学或环境学性能。
发明内容
本发明包括式I化合物:
其中
Q表示卤素、氰基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C2-C4烯基及其环氧化物、C2-C4卤代烯基及其环氧化物、C2-C4炔基、C2-C4卤代炔基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、C1-C4烷基硫基或C1-C4卤代烷基硫基;
R1表示H或C1-C4烷基;
W表示H或卤素;
X表示H或卤素;
Y表示卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4烷基硫基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫基、-NR2R3、C1-C4烷氧基-取代的C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基-取代的C1-C4烷基、C2-C4烯基、C2-C4卤代烯基或C1-C4卤代烷基-取代的羰基;
Z表示卤素、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4卤代烷基;和
R2和R3独立表示H或C1-C4烷基;
以及所述化合物的羧酸基团的农业可接受的衍生物。
优选的式(I)化合物独立包括其中Q表示Cl、Br、C2-C4烯基或C1-C4烷氧基;R1表示H;W表示H;X表示H或F;Y表示F或OCH3;以及Z表示Cl的那些化合物。
本发明包括除草组合物,所述组合物包含除草有效量的式I化合物以及所述羧酸基团的农业可接受的衍生物,并混合有农业可接受的助剂或载体。本发明还包括通过如下方式使用本发明化合物和组合物杀死或防治不期望植被(vegetation)的方法,所述方式为将除草量的化合物施用至所述植被或施用至所述植被的位点,以及在所述植被出土前施用至土壤。
本发明的除草化合物为2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶羧酸的衍生物:
其中,
Q表示卤素、氰基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C2-C4烯基及其环氧化物、C2-C4卤代烯基及其环氧化物、C2-C4炔基、C2-C4卤代炔基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、C1-C4烷基硫基或C1-C4卤代烷基硫基;
W表示H或卤素;
X表示H或卤素;
Y表示卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4烷基硫基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫基、-NR2R3、C1-C4烷氧基-取代的C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基-取代的C1-C4烷基、C2-C4烯基、C2-C4卤代烯基或C1-C4卤代烷基-取代的羰基;
Z表示卤素、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4卤代烷基;以及
R2和R3独立表示H或C1-C4烷基。
在嘧啶环6-位的羟基可以是未取代的或取代有C1-C4烷基取代基。所述羟基可被进一步衍生为酯、氨基甲酸酯、碳酸酯、磺酸酯或磷酸酯。所述衍生物能够分解成羟基。
式I的羧酸被认为是实际上杀死或防治不期望植被的化合物并且通常是优选的。这些化合物的类似物(其中嘧啶羧酸的酸基团被衍生形成相关取代基,该取代基可在植被内或在环境中被转化成酸基团)具有基本相同的除草作用,并且在本发明的范围内。因此,当用于描述在4-位的羧酸官能团时,将“农业可接受的衍生物”定义为任意盐、酯、酰肼、亚氨酸酯、硫代亚氨酸酯、脒、酰胺、原酸酯、酰腈、酰卤、硫代酸酯、硫羰酸酯、二硫醇酯(dithiolester)、腈或本领域公知的其它任意酸衍生物,所述衍生物(a)基本不影响活性成分即2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基或烷氧基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶羧酸的除草活性,以及(b)在植被或土壤中被水解、氧化或代谢或可被水解、氧化或代谢成2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基或烷氧基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶羧酸,该羧酸根据pH为解离形式或未解离形式(in the dissociated or the undissociated form)。所述羧酸的优选农业可接受的衍生物为农业可接受的盐、酯和酰胺。
合适的盐包括衍生自碱或碱土金属的那些盐和衍生自氨和胺的那些盐。优选的阳离子包括钠阳离子、钾阳离子、镁阳离子和下式的铵阳离子:
R4R5R6NH+
其中R4、R5和R6各自独立地表示氢或C1-C12烷基、C3-C12烯基或C3-C12炔基,所述基团各自任选被羟基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4烷基硫基或苯基中的一个或多个取代,条件是R4、R5和R6立体上相容。此外,R4、R5和R6中的任意两个可表示含有1至12个碳原子和最高两个氧原子或硫原子的脂肪族二官能部分。式I化合物的盐可通过用如下物质处理式I化合物来制备,所述物质为金属氢氧化物例如氢氧化钠或胺例如氨、三甲胺、二乙醇胺、2-甲基硫基丙基胺、二烯丙基胺、2-丁氧基乙基胺、吗啉、环十二烷基胺或苄胺。胺盐通常是式I化合物的优选形式,因为它们是水溶性的并且本身适于制备所需的基于水的除草组合物。
合适的酯包括源自C1-C12烷基、C3-C12烯基或C3-C12炔基醇例如甲醇、异丙醇、丁醇、2-乙基己醇、丁氧基乙醇、甲氧基丙醇、烯丙基醇、炔丙醇或环己醇的那些酯。可通过如下方式制备酯:使用任意量的合适活化剂例如用于肽偶联的那些活化剂例如二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)或羰基二咪唑(CDI)使2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基或烷氧基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶甲酸与醇偶联;使相应的2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基或烷氧基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶羧酸的酰氯与合适的醇反应;在酸催化剂存在下使2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基或烷氧基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶羧酸与合适的醇反应,或者通过酯交换反应。合适的酰胺包括源自氨或源自C1-C12烷基、C3-C12烯基或C3-C12炔基单-或二-取代的胺的那些酰胺,例如但不限于二甲基胺、二乙醇胺、2-甲基硫基丙基胺、二烯丙基胺、2-丁氧基乙基胺、环十二烷基胺、苄基胺或具有或不具有额外杂原子的环状或芳族胺例如但不限于氮丙啶、氮杂环丁烷、吡咯烷、吡咯、咪唑、四唑或吗啉。酰胺可通过使混合有酸酐的2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基或烷氧基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶羧酸酰氯或式I的羧酸酯与氨或合适的胺反应制备。
本申请使用的术语“烷基”、“烯基”和“炔基”以及衍生术语例如“烷氧基”、“酰基”、“烷基硫基”和“烷基磺酰基”在它们的范围内包括直链、支链和环状部分。术语“烯基”和“炔基”意欲包括一个或多个不饱和键。
除非另有专门限定,包括衍生术语例如“卤代”的术语“卤素”是指氟、氯、溴和碘。
式I化合物可使用公知化学方法制备。用于制备式I化合物的多个操作细节可在以下专利和专利公开出版物中找到:美国专利7,300,907B2和美国专利申请2009/0043098。在上述专利申请中没有专门提到的中间体为商购、可通过在化学文献中披露的路线制备或可容易地使用标准操作由商购起始物质合成。
如方案1所示,式I的2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶羧酸酯可通过对式II的6-氨基化合物进行亚硝酸介导的水解来制备。
方案1
方案1的方法示例于实施例1和4中。
可供选择地,如方案2所示,式I化合物可通过用常见试剂例如溴、氯或N-卤代琥珀酰亚胺对式III化合物进行卤化来制备。方案2的方法示例于实施例3中。
方案2
应当意识到,本申请或化学文献中披露的用于制备式I化合物的一些试剂和反应条件可能与在中间体中存在的一些官能团不相容。在这些情况中,在合成中加入保护/脱保护操作或官能团互变将有助于得到所需产物。保护基的使用和选择对化学合成领域的技术人员来说是明显的。
本领域的技术人员会意识到,在一些情况下,在引入本申请披露的或化学文献中披露的给定试剂后,可能有必要进行额外的未详细描述的常规合成步骤以完成式I化合物的合成。本领域技术人员也会意识到,可能有必要进行本申请披露的或化学文献中披露的步骤的组合以制备式I化合物,但采用的顺序不是由所呈现的具体操作暗示的顺序。
最后,本领域技术人员还会意识到,式I化合物和本申请描述的或化学文献中描述的中间体可经受各种亲电反应、亲核反应、游离基反应、有机金属反应、氧化反应和还原反应以加入取代基或修饰存在的取代基。
已经发现,式I化合物用作苗前除草剂和苗后除草剂(pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicides)。能够以非选择性(较高)施用率施用所述除草剂以在区域内防治广谱植被,或者能够以较低施用率施用所述除草剂以选择性防治不期望的植被。施用的区域包括牧场和放牧地、路边和道路沿线、电源线和需要防治不期望植被的任意工业区。另一用途是在作物中防治无用植被,所述作物为例如玉米、稻米和谷物。它们也可用于在树木作物中防治不期望的植被,所述树木作物为例如柑桔、苹果、橡胶、油椰、林业及其它。通常优选的是苗后使用所述化合物。通常还优选的是使用所述化合物防治广谱木本植物、阔叶杂草和禾本科杂草和莎草。特别指出的是,使用所述化合物在已生长的作物中防治不期望植被。尽管由式I涵盖的每一个2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基或烷氧基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶-羧酸酯化合物都在本发明的范围内,但所获得的除草活性的程度、作物选择性和杂草防治范围根据所存在的取代基而变化。用于任意具体除草用途的合适化合物可通过使用本申请提供的信息和常规试验进行确证。
术语“除草剂”在本申请中用于指杀死、防治或不利改变植被生长的活性成分。除草有效量或植被防治量是造成不利的改变作用并包括偏离自然发育、杀死、调解、脱水、阻止等的活性成分的量。术语“植物(plants)”和“植被(vegetation)”包括发芽的种子、新出土的幼苗和已生长的植被。
当在任意生长阶段或在种植或出土前将本发明化合物直接施用至植物或所述植物的位点,所述化合物表现出除草活性。观察到的作用依赖于所防治的植物种类、所述植物的生长阶段、稀释和喷雾滴尺寸(spray drop size)的施用参数、固体成分的粒径、使用时的环境参数、所使用的具体化合物、所使用的具体助剂和载体、土壤类型等,以及所采用的化学品的量。可如本领域所知对这些和其它因素进行调整以提高非选择性或选择性除草作用。通常,优选的是将式I化合物苗后施用至相对不成熟的不期望植被以实现对杂草的最大防治。
通常在苗后操作中使用10至1,000g/Ha的施用率;对于苗前应用,通常使用20至2,000g/Ha的施用率。所指定的较高施用率通常提供对多种类不期望植被的非选择性防治。较低施用率通常提供选择性防治,并可用在作物的位点。
本发明的除草化合物通常与一种或多种其它除草剂结合以防治更宽范围种类的不期望植被。当与其它除草剂结合使用时,本发明要求保护的化合物可与其它除草剂(一种或多种)配制在一起、与其它除草剂(一种或多种)罐混(tank mix)在一起或与其它除草剂(一种或多种)顺序施用。可与本发明化合物结合使用的一些除草剂包括:酰胺类除草剂,如草毒死(allidochlor)、氟丁酰草胺(beflubutamid)、胺酸杀(benzadox)、苄草胺(benzipram)、溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide)、唑草胺(cafenstrole)、草立死(CDEA)、草克乐(chlorthiamid)、三环塞草胺(cyprazole)、二甲吩草胺(dimethenamid)、精二甲吩草胺(dimethenamid-P)、草乃敌(diphenamid)、磺唑草(epronaz)、乙胺草醚(etnipromid)、四唑草胺(fentrazamide)、氟胺草唑(flupoxam)、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、氟硝磺酰胺(halosafen)、丁咪胺(isocarbamid)、异酰草胺(isoxaben)、敌草胺(napropamide)、萘草胺(naptalam)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、炔苯酰草胺(propyzamide)、氯藻胺(quinonamid)和牧草胺(tebutam);酰替苯胺类除草剂,如丁酰草胺(chloranocryl)、咯草隆(cisanilide)、稗草胺(clomeprop)、环酰草胺(cypromid)、吡氟酰草胺(diflufenican)、乙氧苯酰草(ctobenzanid)、酰苯磺威(fenasulam)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、氟苯吡草(flufenican)、苯噻酰草胺(mefenacet)、氟磺酰草胺(mefluidide)、唑酰草胺(metamifop)、庚酰草胺(monalide)、萘丙胺(naproanilide)、甲氯酰草胺(pentanochlor)、氟吡草胺(picolinafen)和敌稗(propanil);芳基丙氨酸类除草剂,如新燕灵(benzoylprop)、氟燕灵(flamprop)和强氟燕灵(flamprop-M);氯代乙酰苯胺类除草剂,如刈草胺(acetochlor)、甲草胺(alachlor)、丁草胺(butachlor)、丁烯草胺(butenachlor)、敌草乐(delachlor)、安塔(diethatyl)、克草胺(dimethachlor)、吡草胺(metazachlor)、异丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、S-异丙甲草胺(S-metolachlor)、冰草胺(pretilachlor)、毒草安(propachlor)、异丙草胺(propisochlor)、广草胺(prynachlor)、猛杀草(terbuchlor)、噻醚草胺(thenylchlor)和二甲苯草胺(xylachlor);磺酰苯胺(sulfonanilide)类除草剂,如氟磺胺草(benzofluor)、氟草磺胺(perfluidone)、pyrimisulfan和氟唑草胺(profluazol);磺酰胺类除草剂,如磺草灵(asulam)、卡巴草灵(carbasulam)、酰苯磺威(fenasulam)和黄草消(oryzalin);抗生素类除草剂,如双丙氨酰膦(bilanafos);苯甲酸类除草剂,如草灭平(chloramben)、麦草畏(dicamba)、草芽平(2,3,6-TBA)和杀草畏(tricamba);嘧啶基氧基苯甲酸类除草剂,如双嘧苯甲酸(bispyribac)和肟啶草(pyriminobac);嘧啶基硫基苯甲酸类除草剂,如嘧硫草醚(pyrithiobac);邻苯二甲酸类除草剂,如氯酞酸(chlorthal);吡啶酸类除草剂,如氯氨基吡啶酸(animopyralid)、二氯吡啶酸(clopyralid)和氨氯吡啶酸(picloram);喹啉羧酸类除草剂,如二氯喹啉酸(quinclorac)和氯甲喹啉酸(quinmerac);含砷的除草剂,如二甲胂酸(cacodylic acid)、双甲基胂酸钙(CMA)、甲胂钠(DSMA)、六氟胂酸盐(hexaflurate)、甲基胂酸(MAA)、甲胂一铵(MAMA)、甲胂一钠(MSMA)、亚砷酸钾(potassium arsenite)和亚砷酸钠(sodium arsenite);苯甲酰基环己二酮类除草剂,如甲基磺草酮(mesotrione)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、tefuryltrione和tembotrione;苯并呋喃基烷基磺酸酯(benzofuranyl alkylsulfonate)类除草剂,如呋草磺(benfuresate)和乙呋草磺(ethofumesate);氨基甲酸酯类除草剂,如磺草灵(asulam)、特唑威(carboxazole)、草败死(chlorprocarb)、苄胺灵(dichlormate)、酰苯磺威、特胺灵(karbutilate)和特草灵(terbucarb);苯氨基甲酸酯(carbanilate)类除草剂,如燕麦灵(barban)、BCPC、卡巴草灵、长杀草(carbetamide)、双氯灵(CEPC)、氯炔灵(chlorbufam)、氯苯胺灵(chlorpropham)、氯丙灵(CPPC)、甜菜安(desmedipham)、棉胺宁(phenisopham)、甜菜宁(phenmedipham)、乙基甜菜宁(phenmedipham-ethyl)、苯胺灵(propham)和灭草灵(swep);环己烯肟类除草剂,如禾草灭(alloxydim)、丁苯草酮(butroxydim)、烯草酮(clethodim)、环丁烯草酮(cloproxydim)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、环苯草酮(profoxydim)、稀禾定(scthoxydim)、吡喃草酮(tepraloxydim)和苯草酮(tralkoxydim);环丙基异唑类除草剂,如异氯草酮(isoxachlortole)和异氟草酮(isoxaflutole);二甲酰亚胺(dicarboximide)类除草剂,如双苯嘧草酮(benzfendizone)、吲哚酮草酯(cinidon-ethyl)、三氟嗪(flumezin)、氟烯草酸(flumiclorac)、丙炔氟草胺(flumioxazin)和炔草胺(flumipropyn);二硝基苯胺类除草剂,如氟草胺(benfluralin)、地乐胺(butralin)、敌乐胺(dinitramine)、丁氟消草(ethalfluralin)、氟消草(fluchloralin)、异丙乐灵(isopropalin)、氟烯硝草(methalpropalin)、甲磺乐灵(nitralin)、胺磺乐灵(oryzalin)、胺硝草(pendimethalin)、氨氟乐灵(prodiamine)、环丙氟灵(profluralin)和氟乐灵(trifluralin);二硝基酚类除草剂,如地乐特(dinofenate)、丙硝酚(dinoprop)、戊硝酚(dinosam)、地乐酚(dinoseb)、特乐酚(dinoterb)、二硝甲酚(DNOC)、硝草酚(etinofen)和丁硝酚(medinoterb);二苯基醚类除草剂,如氯氟草醚(ethoxyfen);硝基苯基醚类除草剂,如三氟羧草醚(acifluorfen)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、治草醚(bifenox)、氯硝醚(chlomethoxyfen)、草枯醚(chlornitrofen)、乙胺草醚(etnipromid)、消草醚(fluorodifen)、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen)、氟除草醚(fluoronitrofen)、氟磺胺草醚、氟呋草醚(furyloxyfen)、氟硝磺酰胺(halosafen)、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、除草醚(nitrofen)、三氟甲草醚(nitrofluorfen)和乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen);二硫代氨基甲酸酯类除草剂,如棉隆(dazomet)和威百亩(metam);卤代脂肪族除草剂,如五氯戊酮酸(alorac)、三氯丙酸(chloropon)、茅草枯(dalapon)、四氟丙酸(flupropanate)、六氯丙酮(hexachloroacetone)、碘甲烷(iodomethane)、溴甲烷(methyl bromide)、一氯乙酸(monochloroacetic acid)、氯乙酸(SMA)和三氯醋酸(TCA);咪唑啉酮类除草剂,如咪草酯(imazamethabenz)、咪草啶酸(imazamox)、甲咪唑烟酸(imazapic)、灭草烟(imazapyr)、灭草喹(imazaquin)和咪草烟(imazethapyr);无机除草剂,如氨基磺酸铵、硼砂、氯酸钙、硫酸铜、硫酸亚铁、叠氮化钾、氰酸钾、叠氮化钠、氯酸钠和硫酸;腈类除草剂,如糠草腈(bromobonil)、溴苯腈(bromoxynil)、羟敌草腈(chloroxynil)、敌草腈(dichlobenil)、碘草腈(iodobonil)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)和双唑草腈(pyraclonil);有机磷类除草剂,如甲基胺草磷(amiprofos-methyl)、莎稗磷(anilofos)、地散磷(bensulide)、双丙氨酰膦(bilanafos)、抑草膦(butamifos)、2,4-滴磷酯(2,4-DEP)、草特磷(DMPA)、EBEP、膦铵素(fosamine)、草铵膦(glufosinate)、草甘膦(glyphosate)和哌草磷(piperophos);苯氧基类除草剂,如杀草全(bromofenoxim)、稗草胺(clomeprop)、赛信(2,4-DEB)、2,4-滴磷酯(2,4-DEP)、氟苯戊烯酸(difenopenten)、2,4-滴硫钠(disul)、抑草蓬(erbon)、乙胺草醚、氯苯氧乙醇(fenteracol)和三氟禾草肟(trifopsime);苯氧基乙酸类除草剂,如促生灵(4-CPA)、2,4-滴(2,4-D)、3,4-滴胺(3,4-DA)、2甲4氯(MCPA)、酚硫杀(MCPA-thioethyl)和2,4,5-涕(2,4,5-T);苯氧基丁酸类除草剂,如氯苯氧丁酸(4-CPB)、2,4-滴丁酸(2,4-DB)、3,4-滴丁酸(3,4-DB)、2甲4氯丁酸(MCPB)和2,4,5-涕丁酸(2,4,5-TB);苯氧基丙酸类除草剂,如调果酸(cloprop)、氯苯氧丙酸(4-CPP)、2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop)、精2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop-P)、3,4-滴丙酸(3,4-DP)、2,4,5-涕丙酸(fenoprop)、2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop)和精2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop-P);芳氧基苯氧基丙酸类除草剂,如炔禾灵(chlorazifop)、炔草酯(clodinafop)、氯丁草(clofop)、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop)、氯甲草(diclofop)、唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop)、高唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-P)、噻唑禾草灵(fenthiaprop)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop)、精吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop-P)、氟吡禾灵(haloxyfop)、精氟吡禾灵(haloxyfop-P)、草醚(isoxapyrifop)、唑酰草胺(metamifop)、喔草酯(propaquizafop)、喹禾灵(quizalofop)、精喹禾灵(quizalofop-P)和三氟苯氧丙酸(trifop);苯二胺类除草剂,如敌乐胺和氨氟乐灵(prodiamine);吡唑基类除草剂,如吡草酮(benzofenap)、吡唑特(pyrazolynate)、pyrasulfotole、苄草唑(pyrazoxyfen)、pyroxasulfone和topramezone;吡唑基苯基类除草剂,如异丙吡草酯(fluazolate)和氟唑草酯(pyraflufen);哒嗪类除草剂,如醚草敏(credazine)、pyridafol和哒草特(pyridate);哒嗪酮类除草剂,如杀莠敏(brompyrazon)、氯草敏(chloridazon)、敌米达松(dimidazon)、氟哒嗪草酯(flufenpyr)、氟哒草(metflurazon)、达草灭(norflurazon)、杀草敏(oxapyrazon)和比达农(pydanon);吡啶类除草剂,如氯氨基吡啶酸、碘氯啶酯(cliodinate)、二氯吡啶酸(clopyralid)、氟硫草定(dithiopyr)、氟草烟(fluroxypyr)、卤草定(haloxydine)、毒莠定(picloram)、氟吡草胺(picolinafen)、氯草定(pyriclor)、噻草啶(thiazopyr)和绿草定(triclopyr);嘧啶二胺类除草剂,如丙草定(iprymidam)和嘧草胺(tioclorim);季铵类除草剂,如牧草快(cyperquat)、二乙除草双(diethamquat)、苯敌快(difenzoquat)、敌草快(diquat)、伐草快(morfamquat)和百草枯(paraquat);硫代氨基甲酸酯类除草剂,如苏达灭(butylate)、草灭特(cycloate)、燕麦敌(di-allate)、扑草灭(EPTC)、禾草畏(esprocarb)、抑草威(ethiolate)、氮草(isopolinate)、甲硫苯威(methiobencarb)、草达灭(molinate)、坪草丹(orbencarb)、克草猛(pebulate)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、稗草畏(pyributicarb)、草克死(sulfallate)、禾草丹(thiobencarb)、丁草威(tiocarbazil)、野麦畏(tri-allate)和灭草猛(vernolate);硫代甲酸酯(thiocarbonate)类除草剂,如敌灭生(dimexano)、草必散(EXD)和扑灭生(proxan);硫脲类除草剂,如灭草恒(methiuron);三嗪类除草剂,如杀草净(dipropetryn)、三嗪氟草胺(triaziflam)和三羟基三嗪(trihydroxytriazine);氯三嗪类除草剂,如莠去津(atrazine)、可乐津(chlorazine)、氰草津(cyanazine)、环丙津(cyprazine)、甘草津(eglinazine)、抑草津(ipazine)、灭莠津(mesoprazine)、环氰津(procyazine)、丙草止津(proglinazine)、扑灭津(propazine)、另丁津(sebuthylazine)、西玛津(simazine)、特丁津(terbuthylazine)和草达津(trietazine);甲氧基三嗪类除草剂,如莠去通(atraton)、醚草通(methometon)、扑灭通(prometon)、密草通(secbumeton)、西玛通(simeton)和甲氧去草净(terbumeton);甲硫基三嗪类除草剂,如莠灭净(ametryn)、叠氮净(aziprotryne)、氰草净(cyanatryn)、敌草净(desmetryn)、戊草津(dimethametryn)、盖草津(methoprotryne)、扑草净(prometryn)、西草净(simetryn)和去草净(terbutryn);三嗪酮(triazinone)类除草剂,如特津酮(ametridione)、特草嗪酮(amibuzin)、六嗪酮(hexazinone)、丁嗪草酮(isomethiozin)、苯嗪草酮(metamitron)和嗪草酮(metribuzin);三唑类除草剂,如杀草强(amitrole)、苯酮唑(cafenstrole)、磺唑草和胺草唑(flupoxam);三唑酮类除草剂,如氨唑草酮(amicarbazone)、bencarbazone、氟酮唑草(carfentrazone)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone)、丙苯磺隆(propoxycarbazone)、磺胺草唑(sulfentrazone)和thiencarbazone-methyl;三唑并嘧啶类除草剂,如氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam)、唑嘧磺胺(diclosulam)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、氟唑啶草(flumetsulam)、唑草磺胺(metosulam)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)和pyroxsulam;尿嘧啶类除草剂,如氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、除草定(bromacil)、flupropacil、异草定(isocil)、环草定(lenacil)和特草定(terbacil);3-苯基尿嘧啶类(3-phenyluracil);脲类除草剂,如噻草隆(benzthiazuron)、苄草隆(cumyluron)、环莠隆(cycluron)、氯全隆(dichloralurea)、二氟吡隆(diflufenzopyr)、异草完隆(isonoruron)、异恶隆(isouron)、噻唑隆(methabenzthiazuron)、特唑隆(monisouron)和草完隆(noruron);苯基脲类除草剂,如疏草隆(anisuron)、炔草隆(buturon)、氯溴隆(chlorbromuron)、乙氧苯隆(chloreturon)、氯麦隆(chlorotoluron)、枯草隆(chloroxuron)、香草隆(daimuron)、枯莠隆(difenoxuron)、唑隆(dimefuron)、敌草隆(diuron)、非草隆(fenuron)、伏草隆(fluometuron)、氟苯隆(fluothiuron)、异丙隆(isoproturon)、利谷隆(linuron)、灭草恒、苯丙隆(methyldymron)、色满隆(metobenzuron)、秀谷隆(metobromuron)、甲氧隆(metoxuron)、绿谷隆(monolinuron)、灭草隆(monuron)、草不隆(neburon)、对伏隆(parafluron)、稀草隆(phenobenzuron)、环草隆(siduron)、氟氧隆(tetrafluron)和赛二唑素(thidiazuron);嘧啶基磺酰脲类除草剂,如磺氨磺隆(amidosulfuron)、四唑磺隆(azimsulfuron)、苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron)、环丙磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、乙氧嘧磺隆(ethoxysulfuron)、啶嘧磺隆(flazasulfuron)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟啶磺隆(flupyrsulfuron)、甲酰胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、吡氯磺隆(halosulfuron)、啶咪磺隆(imazosulfuron)、甲基二磺隆(mesosulfuron)、烟嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、orthosulfamuron、环丙氧磺隆(oxasulfuron)、氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron)、吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron)、玉嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron)、嘧磺隆(sulfometuron)、乙磺磺隆(sulfosulfuron)和三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron);三嗪基磺酰脲类除草剂,如绿磺隆(chlorsulfuron)、醚磺隆(cinosulfuron)、胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron)、碘磺隆(iodosulfuron)、甲磺隆(metsulfuron)、氟丙磺隆(prosulfuron)、噻磺隆(thifensulfuron)、醚苯磺隆(triasulfuron)、苯磺隆(tribenuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)和三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron);噻二唑基脲(thiadiazolylurea)类除草剂,如丁噻隆(buthiuron)、噻二唑隆(ethidimuron)、丁唑隆(tebuthiuron)、赛唑隆(thiazafluron)和赛二唑素(thidiazuron);以及未分类的除草剂,如丙烯醛(acrolein)、烯丙醇(allyl alcohol)、唑啶炔草(azafenidin)、草除灵(benazolin)、噻草平(bentazone)、苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)、特咪唑草(buthidazole)、氰氨化钙(calcium cyanamide)、克草胺酯(cambendichlor)、伐草克(chlorfenac)、燕麦酯(chlorfenprop)、氟嘧杀(chlorflurazole)、氯甲丹(chlorflurenol)、环庚草醚(cinmethylin)、异草酮(clomazone)、氯胺叉草(CPMF)、甲酚(cresol)、邻二氯苯(ortho-dichlorobenzene)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、草藻灭(endothal)、唑啶草(fluoromidine)、氟草同(fluridone)、氟咯草酮(flurochloridone)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、达草氟(fluthiacet)、茚草酮(indanofan)、灭草定(methazole)、异硫氰酸甲酯(methyl isothiocyanate)、吡氯草胺(nipyraclofen)、八氯酮(OCH)、炔丙唑草(oxadiargyl)、草灵(oxadiazon)、氯嗪草(oxaziclomefone)、五氯酚(pentachlorophenol)、戊唑草(pentoxazone)、乙酸苯汞(phenylmercury acetate)、pinoxaden、磺亚胺草(prosulfalin)、嘧苯草肟(pyribenzoxim)、环酯草醚(pyriftalid)、灭藻醌(quinoclamine)、硫氰苯乙胺(rhodethanil)、吖庚磺酯(sulglycapin)、噻二唑胺(thidiazimin)、灭草环(tridiphane)、三甲隆(trimeturon)、茚草酮(tripropindan)和草达克(tritac)。本发明的除草化合物可进一步用于与草甘膦、草铵膦、麦草畏或2,4-滴磷酯结合用于草甘膦耐受的、草铵膦耐受的、麦草畏耐受的或2,4-滴磷酯耐受的作物。通常优选的是将本发明化合物与如下除草剂结合使用,所述除草剂对要被处理的作物是选择性的并且补充由这些化合物在所使用的施用率所防治的杂草范围。通常进一步优选的是同时施用本发明化合物和其它补充性除草剂,作为组合物制剂或作为罐混合物。
本发明化合物通常可与已知的除草剂安全剂(herbicide safener)结合使用以提高它们的选择性,所述除草剂安全剂为例如:解草嗪(benoxacor)、禾草丹(benthiocarb)、芸薹素内酯(brassinolide)、解草酯(cloquintocet)(甲基解草酯(mexyl))、解草胺腈(cyometrinil)、香草隆(daimuron)、烯丙酰草胺(dichlormid)、dicyclonon、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、乙拌磷(disulfoton)、解草唑-乙基(fenchlorazole-ethyl)、解草啶(fenclorim)、解草胺(flurazole)、氟草肟(fluxofenim)、解草唑(furilazole)、双苯唑酸乙酯(isoxadifen-ethyl)、mefenpyr-diethyl、MG 191、MON 4660、萘酸酐(naphthalic anhydride)(NA)、解草腈(oxabetrinil)、R29148和N-苯基-磺酰基苯甲酸酰胺。它们可被额外使用以在多种作物中防治不期望植被,已经通过遗传操作或通过突变和选择使所述作物对所述除草剂安全剂或其它除草剂耐受或使所述作物抗所述除草剂安全剂或其它除草剂。例如,可处理玉米、小麦、稻米、大豆、甜菜、棉花、芸苔和其它作物,已经使所述玉米、小麦、稻米、大豆、甜菜、棉花、芸苔和其它作物对在敏感植物中为乙酰乳酸合成酶抑制剂的化合物耐受或使它们抗该化合物。也可处理多种耐草甘膦和草铵膦的作物,单独或与这些除草剂结合。已经使一些作物(例如,棉花)对生长素性除草剂例如2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸耐受。这些除草剂可用于处理所述抗性作物或其它生长素耐受作物。
尽管可将式I的2-(取代的苯基)-6-羟基或烷氧基-5-取代的-4-嘧啶羧酸酯化合物直接用作除草剂,但优选的是将它们用在混合物中,所述混合物含有除草有效量的所述化合物和至少一种农业可接受的助剂或载体。合适的助剂或载体应当对有价值的作物不是毒害性的(特别是以在作物存在下在施用所述组合物用于选择性杂草防治中所使用的浓度),并且不应与式I化合物或其它组合物成分发生化学反应。所述混合物可被指定直接应用于杂草或它们的位点,或可以是在应用前通常用额外载体和助剂稀释的浓缩物或制剂。它们可以是固体,例如粉尘剂、颗粒剂、水可分散颗粒剂或可润湿粉剂,或液体剂例如可乳化浓缩物、溶液、乳液或混悬液。
用于制备本发明除草混合物的合适的农业助剂和载体是本领域技术人员公知的。
可使用的液体载体包括水、甲苯、二甲苯、石脑油、作物油(crop oil)、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、环己酮、三氯乙烯、全氯乙烯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、丙二醇单甲醚和二甘醇单甲醚、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基烷基酰胺、液肥(liquid fertilizer)等。通常选择水作为稀释浓缩物的载体。
合适的固体载体包括滑石、叶蜡石(pyrophyllite clay)、硅石(silica)、活性白土(attapulgus clay)、高岭土、硅藻土(kieselguhr)、白垩、硅藻土(diatomaceous earth)、石灰、碳酸钙、膨润土、漂白土(Fuller′s earth)、棉籽荚(cotton seed hull)、小麦粉、大豆粉、浮石粉、木粉、胡桃壳粉、木质素等。
通常期望的是将一种或多种表面活性剂结合到本发明的组合物中。将所述表面活性剂有利地用在固体组合物和液体组合物中,特别是用于在应用前被指定用载体进行稀释的那些组合物。所述表面活性剂在性质上可为阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂或非离子表面活性剂,并且可被用作乳化剂、润湿剂、助悬剂或用于其它目的。常见的表面活性剂包括烷基硫酸盐,例如月桂基硫酸二乙醇铵;烷基芳基磺酸盐,例如十二烷基苯磺酸钙;烷基苯酚-乙烯氧化物加成产物,例如壬基苯酚-C18乙氧基化物;醇-乙烯氧化物加成产物,例如三癸基醇-C16乙氧基化物;皂类,例如硬脂酸钠;烷基萘-磺酸盐,例如二丁基萘磺酸钠;磺基琥珀酸盐的二烷基酯,例如二(2-乙基己基)磺基琥珀酸钠;山梨糖醇酯,例如油酸山梨糖醇酯;季胺,例如月桂基三甲基氯化铵;脂肪酸的聚乙二醇酯,例如硬脂酸聚乙二醇酯;环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物;和单和二烷基磷酸酯的盐。
通常用在农业组合物中的其它助剂包括相容性试剂、消泡剂、螯合剂、中和剂和缓冲剂、缓蚀剂、染料、芳香剂(odorants)、铺展剂、渗透助剂、粘着剂、分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、抗菌剂等。所述组合物也可含有其它相容组分,例如其它除草剂、植物生长调节剂、杀真菌剂、杀虫剂等,并可与液肥或固体颗粒肥料载体例如硝酸铵、尿素等一起配制。
所述活性成分在本发明除草组合物中的浓度通常为0.001至98wt%。通常使用0.01至90wt%。在指定被用作浓缩物的组合物中,活性成分通常以5至98wt%,优选10至90wt%的浓度存在。所述组合物通常在应用前用惰性载体例如水稀释。通常将被稀释的组合物施用至杂草或杂草的位点,所述组合物通常含有0.0001至1wt%活性成分,优选含有0.001至0.05wt%活性成分。
通过使用常规的地面或空中洒粉器、喷雾器和施粒器(granule applicator)、通过添加到灌溉水中和通过其它本领域技术人员已知的其它常规手段可将本发明组合物施用至杂草或它们的位点。
提供以下实施例说明本发明的不同方面并且不应理解为是对权利要求的限制。
具体实施方式
实施例:
1.6-羟基-2-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)-5-氯嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯的制备(化合 物1)
将6-氨基-2-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)-5-氯嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯(320mg,0.92mmol,对于制备参见U.S.7,300,907B2)溶解在10mL 1M H2SO4+4mL乙腈中,温热至75℃并历时30分钟用亚硝酸钠(690mg,10mmol)逐份处理。搅拌10分钟以上后,冷却混合物,过滤收集固体产物,用水充分洗涤,并在80℃真空干燥得到170mg(53%收率)6-羟基-2-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)-5-氯嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯。MP 215-217℃;MS m/z 346;1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ7.47(m,2H),3.94(s,3H),3.91(s,3H),3.34(br s,1H)。
2.6-羟基-2-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)-嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯的制备
将6-氨基-2-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯(300mg,0.97mmol,对于制备参见美国300,907B2)在10mL 1M H2SO4+3mL乙腈中搅拌,加热至75℃并历时10分钟的时间用亚硝酸钠(350mg,5mmol)逐份处理。40分钟后,冷却混合物,将黄色沉淀物吸收在40mL乙酸乙酯中,用10mL水和10mL盐水洗涤,干燥并蒸发得到170mg(60%收率)6-羟基-2-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯;MS m/z 312,1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ7.49(m,3H),3.95(s,3H),3.86(s,3H)
3.6-羟基-2-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)-5-溴嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯的制备(化合物2)
将6-羟基-2-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯(150mg,0.48mmol)与N-溴琥珀酰亚胺(180mg,1.0mmol)合并在7mL二氯甲烷+2mL乙腈中,回流加热2小时。冷却后,真空除去挥发物,将残余物吸收在15mL二氯甲烷+5mL水中。分离有机相,用10mL 5%亚硫酸氢钠溶液和10mL盐水洗涤,干燥并蒸发,得到120mg(63%收率)6-羟基-2-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)-5-溴嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯:mp 192-195℃;MS m/z 390/392;1HNMR(DMSO-d6):δ7.47(m,3H),3.95(d,3H),3.91(s,3H)
4.6-羟基-2-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)-5-甲氧基嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯(化合物3)的制备
将6-氨基-2-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)-5-甲氧基嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯(200mg,0.61mmol)溶解在20mL 9摩尔浓度的H2SO4+5mL乙腈中,用NaNO2(150mg,2.2mmol)逐份处理。加热结束后,将混合物在25℃搅拌30分钟,在冰-盐中冷却并用50%NaOH小心处理以使pH为约0.8。通过用每份15mL的两份EtOAc萃取吸收沉淀物,合并的萃取物用10mL饱和NaCl溶液洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4)并蒸发,得到标题产物150mg(75%)。Mp:177-179℃.MS m/z 342;1H NMR(DMSO-d6):δ7.81(m,1H),7.31(m,1H),4.05(s,3H),4.01(s,3H).
5.除草组合物的制备
在下面的说明性组合物中,份和百分比都以重量计。
可乳化浓缩物
制剂A
WT%
化合物1 26.2
聚乙二醇26-3 5.2
非离子乳化剂-(二仲丁基)-苯基-聚(氧
基丙烯)与(氧乙烯)的嵌段共聚物。聚
氧乙烯含量为12摩尔
Witconate P12-20(阴离子乳化剂-十二 5.2
烷基苯磺酸钙-60wt.%活性)
Aromatic100(二甲苯系列的芳族溶剂) 63.4
制剂B
WT%
化合物 13.5
Sunspray 11N(石蜡油) 40.0
聚乙二醇26-3 19.0
油酸 1.0
二甲苯系列的芳族溶剂 36.5
制剂C
WT%
化合物2 13.2
Stepon C-65 25.7
Ethomeen T/25 7.7
Ethomeen T/15 18.0
二甲苯系列的芳族溶剂 35.4
制剂D
WT%
化合物1 30.0
Agrimer Al-10LC(乳化剂) 3.0
N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮 67.0
制剂E
WT%
化合物2 10.0
Agrimul 70-A(分散剂) 2.0
Amsul DMAP 60(增稠剂) 2.0
Emulsogen M(乳化剂) 8.0
Attagel 50(悬浮助剂) 2.0
作物油 76.0
这些浓缩物可用水稀释,得到用于防治杂草的合适浓缩物的乳液。
可润湿粉末
制剂F
WT%
化合物1 26.0
聚乙二醇26-3 2.0
Polyfon H 4.0
Zeosyl 100(沉淀的水合SiO2) 17.0
Barden粘土+惰性物 51.0
制剂G
WT%
化合物 62.4
Polyfon H(磺酸木质素的钠盐) 6.0
Sellogen HR(萘磺酸钠) 4.0
Zeosyl 100 27.6
制剂H
WT%
化合物1 1.4
Kunigel V1(载体) 30.0
Stepanol ME Dry(润湿剂) 2.0
Tosnanon GR 31A(粘合剂) 2.0
Kaolin NK-300Clay(填充剂) 64.6
将活性成分施用至相应的载体,然后将它们混合并研磨,得到具有良好可润湿性的可润湿粉末和悬浮粉末。通过用水稀释这些可润湿粉末可获得用于防治杂草的合适浓缩物的悬浮液。
水可分散颗粒剂
制剂I
WT%
化合物1 26.0
Sellogen HR 4.0
Polyfon H 5.0
Zeosyl 100 17.0
高岭土 48.0
将活性成分加到含水二氧化硅中,然后将其与其它成分混合并研磨成粉末。用水将粉末造粒并筛分,得到-10至+60目范围内的颗粒。通过将这些颗粒分散在水中可获得用于防治杂草的合适浓缩物的悬浮液。
颗粒剂
制剂J
WT%
化合物1 5.0
Celetom MP-88 95.0
将于极性溶剂例如N-甲基吡咯烷酮、环己酮、γ-丁内酮等中的活性成分施用到Celetom MP 88载体上或施用至其它合适载体上。所述颗粒可通过人工、施粒器、飞机等进行施用,目的是防治杂草。
制剂K
WT%
化合物1 1.0
Polyfon H 8.0
Nekal BA 77 2.0
硬脂酸锌 2.0
Barden粘土 87.0
将所有物质共混并研磨成粉末,然后加入水,将粘土混合物搅拌直到形成糊状物。将混合物挤出通过模具,得到合适大小的颗粒。
6.一般苗后除草活性的评价
将所期望的试验植物种类的种子或小坚果种植在于塑料盆中的Gro306栽培混合物(通常具有6.0至6.8的pH,并且有机物含量为30%)中,所述塑料盆的表面积为64平方厘米。当需要保证良好发芽和健壮植物时,采用杀真菌处理和/或其它化学处理或物理处理。使植物在具有15小时光照周期的温室中生长7-21天,所述温室在白天保持在23-29℃,在夜晚保持在22-28℃。有规律加入营养物和水,并且根据需要用顶部金属卤化物1000-瓦灯泡提供补充光照。当所述植物达到第一或第二真叶阶段时,用其进行试验。
将称取量(通过待试验的最高施用率确定)的每种试验化合物溶解在4mL97∶3v/v(体积/体积)丙酮和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)的混合物中,得到浓缩的原液。如果试验化合物没有迅速溶解,则对混合物温热和/或超声处理。所得的浓缩原液用20mL含水混合物稀释,得到含有最高施用率的喷雾溶液,所述含水混合物含有丙酮、水、异丙醇、DMSO、Atplus 411F作物油浓缩物和X-155表面活性剂,比例为48.5∶39∶10∶1.5∶1.0∶0.02v/v。通过如下方式获得额外施用率:将12mL高施用率溶液系列稀释在如下溶液中得到高施用率的1/2X、1/4X、1/8X和1/16X施用率,所述溶液含有2mL 97∶3v/v(体积/体积)丙酮和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)的混合物和10mL含水混合物(含有丙酮、水、异丙醇、DMSO、Atplus 411F作物油浓缩物和Triton X-155表面活性剂,比例为48.5∶39∶10∶1.5∶1.0∶0.02v/v)。化合物需要量基于12mL施用体积,施用率为187L/ha。将配制的化合物用顶部Mandel轨道喷雾器施用至植物,所述喷雾器装备有8002E喷嘴,该喷嘴被校准在0.503平方米施用面积内,在高于平均植物株冠高度18英寸(43cm)处递送187L/ha。以相同方式用空白溶剂喷洒对照植物。
将被处理的植物和对照植物放置在上述温室中并通过地下灌溉浇水以防止试验化合物被冲走。14天后,目测试验植物的状况,将其与未经处理的植物相比,并按0至100%级别打分,其中0对应无损伤,以及100%对应完全杀死。
一些试验化合物、使用的施用率、试验的植物种类和结果在表1中给出。
表1苗后杂草防治
CHEAL-藜(Lambsquarters)(Chenopodium album)
AMARE-红根猪草(Redroot Pigweed)(Amatanthus retroflexus)
EPHHL-猩猩草(Wild Pointsettia)(Euphorbia heterophylla)
HELAN-向日葵(Common Sunflower)(Helianthus annuus)
Claims (5)
1.式I化合物,
其中
Q表示卤素、氰基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C2-C4烯基及其环氧化物、C2-C4卤代烯基及其环氧化物、C2-C4炔基、C2-C4卤代炔基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、C1-C4烷基硫基或C1-C4卤代烷基硫基;
R1表示H或C1-C4烷基;
W表示H或卤素;
X表示H或卤素;
Y表示卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4烷基硫基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫基、-NR2R3、C1-C4烷氧基-取代的C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基-取代的C1-C4烷基、C2-C4烯基、C2-C4卤代烯基或C1-C4卤代烷基-取代的羰基;
Z表示卤素、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4卤代烷基;以及
R2和R3独立表示H或C1-C4烷基;
以及所述羧酸基团的农业可接受的衍生物。
2.权利要求1的化合物,其中所述羧酸基团的农业可接受的衍生物为农业可接受的盐、酯和酰胺。
3.权利要求1的化合物,其中Q表示Cl、Br、C2-C4烯基或C1-C4烷氧基;R1表示H;W表示H;X表示H或F;Y表示F或OCH3;以及Z表示Cl。
4.除草组合物,其包含除草有效量的权利要求1的式I化合物和农业可接受的助剂或载体。
5.一种防治不期望的植被的方法,包括使所述植被或其位点与除草有效量的权利要求1的式I化合物接触,或向土壤施用权利要求1的式I化合物,以防止植被出土。
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Patent Citations (3)
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CN1894220A (zh) * | 2003-12-19 | 2007-01-10 | 纳幕尔杜邦公司 | 除草的嘧啶 |
WO2006121648A2 (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2006-11-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method for preparation of optionally 2-substituted 1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acids |
US20070179059A1 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-08-02 | Epp Jeffrey B | 2-(Poly-substituted aryl)-6-amino-5-halo-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acids and their use as herbicides |
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CN109415319A (zh) * | 2016-05-19 | 2019-03-01 | 美国陶氏益农公司 | 通过直接苏楚基偶联合成芳基羧酸酯 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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AR071486A1 (es) | 2010-06-23 |
KR101333480B1 (ko) | 2013-11-26 |
EP2279178B1 (en) | 2015-05-20 |
AU2009236280B2 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
CA2720848A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
BRPI0911207A2 (pt) | 2015-08-04 |
US7833940B2 (en) | 2010-11-16 |
WO2009129291A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
CN102066336B (zh) | 2014-02-19 |
RU2454407C1 (ru) | 2012-06-27 |
AU2009236280A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
ES2537972T3 (es) | 2015-06-16 |
PL2279178T3 (pl) | 2015-10-30 |
BRPI0911207B8 (pt) | 2022-10-11 |
JP5314126B2 (ja) | 2013-10-16 |
US20090264293A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
JP2011519829A (ja) | 2011-07-14 |
RU2010146954A (ru) | 2012-05-27 |
CA2720848C (en) | 2014-02-11 |
BRPI0911207B1 (pt) | 2017-04-04 |
MX2010011468A (es) | 2010-12-14 |
EP2279178A1 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
KR20100134124A (ko) | 2010-12-22 |
CO6331334A2 (es) | 2011-10-20 |
HUE025133T2 (en) | 2016-01-28 |
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