CN102064542B - Impedance composite superconducting fault current limiter based on novel superconducting material - Google Patents
Impedance composite superconducting fault current limiter based on novel superconducting material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102064542B CN102064542B CN2010105869570A CN201010586957A CN102064542B CN 102064542 B CN102064542 B CN 102064542B CN 2010105869570 A CN2010105869570 A CN 2010105869570A CN 201010586957 A CN201010586957 A CN 201010586957A CN 102064542 B CN102064542 B CN 102064542B
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- temperature superconductor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Abstract
The invention discloses an impedance composite superconducting fault current limiter based on a novel superconducting material. The superconducting fault current limiter comprises a square iron core (18), wherein an MgB2 superconducting winding (11) is arranged on the upper side of the iron core (18) and connected with a reactor (10) in parallel; a high temperature superconducting winding (17) is arranged on the lower side of the iron core (18) and connected with a direct current voltage source (13) in series; and a magnetic switch (16) and a value adjustable first resister (12) are connected in series between the high temperature superconducting winding (17) and the direct current voltage source (13) to form a first circuit. Under the condition of satisfying the line current-carrying capacity, the superconducting fault current limiter uses the fewest superconductors, can improve the inductive impedance level in case of fault, and also can reduce voltage loss in normal operation and ensure the reliability of operation.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of superconductive failure current limiter, and what be specifically related to is a kind of impedance composite superconductive failure current limiter based on new superconduction material, belongs to electrical equipment technical field.
Background technology
Along with the scale expanding day of electrical network, short circuit current becomes the puzzlement electric power system, has a strong impact on one of difficult problem of power grid security reliability.Superconductive failure current limiter became domestic and international research forward position and hot subject in recent years.The extensive application of superconductive failure current limiter in electric power system depends on the development of superconducting wire.Research and develop cheap, processing is easy, have the more new superconductive body of high-critical temperature and current density, and the practical application of Superconducting Power Technology is had very important realistic meaning.
Superconductive failure current limiter now is mostly based on the oxide high-temperature superconductor, and bismuth system and yttrium are.But because consist of expensive, the synthetic superconductor fragility of the chemical element of oxide high temperature superconductor large, be difficult to be processed into wire rod, and crystal boundary is weak to be connected because exist, and has limited the ability of its carrying supercurrent.
The at present development of superconductive failure current limiter mainly contains both direction, and one is the without hindrance current capacity of high density that utilizes superconductor, and a transfer principle that is based on S/N utilizes the inhibition of the quench characteristic realization short circuit current of superconductor.Saturated core type and resistive superconducting fault current limiter are respectively one of representative topological structures of this both direction.The following describes the work of existing saturated core type superconductive failure current limiter and resistive superconducting fault current limiter.
According to the resistive superconducting fault current limiter of prior art, as shown in Figure 1, comprise superconductive limiter element 1, be in superconducting state during the electrical network normal operation, be in the high value state when flowing through its electric current above its critical current under the failure condition; Superconduction series coil 2 is connected in series to superconductive limiter element 1, thereby faces with each other, and offsets the magnetic field of superconductive limiter element 1, and whole device reactance was zero when electrical network was normally moved; Limiting coil 3 in parallel prevents that by the electric current that shifts superconduction limiting element 1 the superconduction limiting element is overheated when breaking down.Superconduction limiting element 1 under the prior art adopts high temperature superconducting materia usually, be limited by current capacity, need the connection in series-parallel of a large amount of superconductors to improve superconductive failure current limiter with respect to the holding capacity of high voltage and large electric current, superconduction series coil 2 also can reduce because of the effect with offset magnetic field the induction reactance of current-limiting apparatus under failure condition in addition, and this wishes that with us superconductive failure current limiter can have higher resistance value and contradicts at the electrical network failure condition that is short-circuited.
Fig. 2 is the structure of the saturated core type superconductive failure current limiter under the prior art.It is by first the 4 and second iron core 7 unshakable in one's determination be in series (corresponding to the AC coil 5 and 6 among Fig. 2, the secondary winding on each iron core is the direct current biasing coil 8 and 9 of belt material of high temperature superconduct coiled).The superconduction bias coil produces a D.C. magnetic field makes iron core be in degree of depth saturation condition.The AC coil 5 and 6 that is connected on during the electrical network normal operation in the electrical network presents low induction reactance state owing to iron core is in the magnetic saturation state; When system is short-circuited fault, the electric current that moment increases makes AC coil 5 and 6 magnetic fields that produce be enough to offset direct current biasing coil 8 and 9 magnetic fields that produce, thereby make two iron cores alternately enter normal state by saturation condition, produce high impedance, volitional check the increase of short circuit current in the electrical network.The interchange winding 5 of saturated core type superconductive failure current limiter and 6 adopts the copper winding, when normal operation, one time there is electric energy loss in the copper winding, although one time the copper umber of turn is more, the more potent fruit of current-limiting inductance is better, but the number of turn is more, and the resistance on the copper winding just can not be ignored, voltage drop during normal operation on the superconductive failure current limiter is just larger, and superconductive failure current limiter seals in the electrical network the advantage of electrical network without impact in the time of can not embodying normal operation; Though secondary side also adopts the superconduction winding, before and after electrical network broke down, superconductor did not have quench, so saturated core type superconductive failure current limiter can not well utilize the advantage of the high value after the superconductor quench.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that exists on the prior art, the present invention seeks to be to provide the minimum superconductor of use in a kind of situation satisfying the line energizing flow ability and under failure condition, can improve the superconductive failure current limiter of induction reactance level, the reliability that the voltage loss in the time of can reducing normal operation simultaneously and guaranteeing operates.
To achieve these goals, the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
The present invention includes the iron core of square shape; Upside unshakable in one's determination is provided with MgB
2The superconduction winding, MgB
2Be parallel with reactor on the superconduction winding; Downside unshakable in one's determination is provided with the high-temperature superconductor winding, is in series with direct voltage source on the high-temperature superconductor winding; Be in series with magnetic switch between high-temperature superconductor winding and the direct voltage source and be worth adjustable the first resistance with it, form the first loop.Magnetic switch is closure state when electrical network works, and when electrical network is short-circuited fault, the sudden change magnetic field that the electric current of the reactor of flowing through produces will make the moving contact of magnetic switch separate with fixed contact.After reactor had both occured as short circuit malfunction, the trigger winding of magnetic switch also can limit MgB
2The overvoltage at superconduction winding two ends under the short circuit malfunction state.The present invention uses minimum superconductor in the situation that satisfies the line energizing flow ability, improve simultaneously the induction reactance level of superconductive failure current limiter under the failure condition, the voltage loss when reducing normal operation on the superconductive failure current limiter, and guarantee the reliability that operates.
The present invention also comprises the second resistance and diode, the second resistance and the two ends that are connected in parallel on again the high-temperature superconductor winding after diode is connected.Diode cut-off when magnetic switch is closed, when it disconnected, high-temperature superconductor winding and diode, the second resistance formed the closed-loop path, so that the energy of high-temperature superconductor winding discharges by diode and the second resistance.
The above-mentioned MgB that states
2The superconduction winding is wire rod, and the high-temperature superconductor winding is Bi-based high-temperature superconductive strip.
Above-mentioned MgB
2Superconduction winding and high-temperature superconductor winding all are arranged in the liquid helium Dewar.
Above-mentioned direct voltage source comprises transformer and the rectification circuit of outside electric power network, and the output of transformer is connected with the input of rectification circuit, and rectification circuit and high-temperature superconductor winding are in series.Transfer high pressure to low pressure by transformer, again by the rectification circuit rectification, carry out the pressure regulation operation with convenient in low-pressure side.
Above-mentioned magnetic switch comprises moving contact and the fixed contact that is connected in series on the first loop.
Above-mentioned iron core is to be formed by stacking by the cold-reduced silicon sheet cutting.
The structure of above-mentioned reactor is solenoid coil.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: after (1) reactor had both occured as short circuit malfunction, the trigger winding of magnetic switch also can limit MgB
2The overvoltage at superconduction winding two ends under the short circuit malfunction state.(2) first side winding of bearing the current limliting task among the present invention has adopted MgB
2New superconduction material, it is easily synthetic, and easily wire rod is conveniently made in processing, and boron element and magnesium elements is cheap, and the current-carrying voltage endurance capability is strong; MgB
2New superconduction material, with respect to traditional resistive superconducting fault current limiter based on high temperature superconducting materia, the present invention has reduced the series-parallel number of superconductor, effectively reduces the cost of manufacture of current-limiting apparatus, MgB under the simultaneous faults state
2The inductance value of superconduction winding also can the establishment short circuit current instantaneous value, have better current limitation effect; MgB
2New superconduction material is with respect to traditional saturated core type superconductive failure current limiter, because primary side adopts MgB
2The superconduction winding, voltage loss when current-limiting apparatus normally moves is approximately zero, there is not electric energy loss, can electric energy loss be increased yet, resistance value after the simultaneously superconduction winding quench is far longer than unidimensional copper winding, thereby the current-limiting impedance value after the quench also is far longer than the saturated core type superconductive failure current limiter of the primary side employing copper winding of isostructure size, in addition, because adopt magnetic switch closed and disconnected secondary side high-temperature superconductor winding field circuit, therefore with respect to traditional saturated core type superconductive failure current limiter, only need an iron core, greatly reduce volume of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments;
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing resistive superconducting fault current limiter;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of existing saturated core type superconductive failure current limiter;
Fig. 3 is structural representation of the present invention (direction that arrow represents among the figure is the direction in sudden change magnetic field).
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, for convenience of explanation, this accompanying drawing only represents based on MgB
2The phase structure of the impedance composite superconductive failure current limiter of new superconduction material, for the three-phase power circuit of electric power system, each all has the structure of same fault current limiter mutually, is explained at this.
The present invention includes the iron core 18 that is square shape, unshakable in one's determination 18 are formed by stacking by the cold-reduced silicon sheet cutting; Iron core 18 upsides at square shape are wound with MgB
2Superconduction winding 11, MgB
2Superconduction winding 11 is serially connected in the electric power system, at MgB
2Be parallel with reactor 10 on the superconduction winding 11; Iron core 18 downsides at square shape are wound with high-temperature superconductor winding 17, be in series with direct voltage source 13 at high-temperature superconductor winding 17, direct voltage source 13 comprises transformer 20 and rectification circuit 19, the first port 21 of transformer 20 and the second port 22 outside electric power network, two output termination rectification circuits 19 of transformer 20, rectification circuit 19 is in series with high-temperature superconductor winding 17; Be in series with magnetic switch 16 and the first resistance 12 between high-temperature superconductor winding 17 and rectification circuit 19, high-temperature superconductor winding 17, rectification circuit 19, magnetic switch 16 and the first resistance 12 form the first loop.
In the present embodiment, MgB
2Superconduction winding 11 is wire rod; High-temperature superconductor winding 17 is Bi-based high-temperature superconductive strip; MgB
2Superconduction winding 11 and high-temperature superconductor winding 17 all are arranged in the liquid helium Dewar; The structure of reactor 10 is solenoid coil.
The present invention regulates the first resistance 12 and makes 18 degree of depth unshakable in one's determination saturated before sealing in electrical network, when the specified alternating current of electrical network passes through MgB
2During superconduction winding 11 because unshakable in one's determination 18 be in the magnetic saturation state, this moment MgB
2Superconduction winding 11 is in low induction reactance state in electrical network, and since the without hindrance current-carring characteristic of superconductor under superconducting state, MgB
2Superconduction winding 11 can not make because of the increase of the number of turn resistance under its superconducting state increase, therefore, and MgB
2Superconduction winding 11 is in low impedance state when electrical network works, the voltage drop at reactor 10 two ends in parallel can be similar to thinks zero, namely this current-limiting apparatus when electrical network works on system without impact.
When electrical network was short-circuited fault, MgB flowed through
2The electric current of superconduction winding 11 sharply increases, when surpassing MgB
2During the critical electric current value of superconductor, MgB
2The superconductor quench, MgB
2The resistance value of superconduction winding 11 also sharply rises, and reactor 10 both end voltage in parallel will be can not ignore, thereby fault current will flow through reactor 10 in parallel.The sudden change magnetic field that the electric current of reactor 10 of flowing through produces will make the moving contact of magnetic switch 16 separate with fixed contact, and the energy in the high-temperature superconductor winding 17 will be released with diode 15 by the second resistance 14, and unshakable in one's determination 18 also will withdraw from the magnetic saturation state.This moment MgB
2Superconduction winding 11 has the high resistance after the superconductor quench on the one hand, has on the other hand higher coil induction reactance value, with the short circuit current of well restraining electrical network and increasing sharply.
Referring to Fig. 3, the first port 21 and the second port 22 are connected in the AC network, transfer high pressure to low pressure by transformer 20 first, again by rectification circuit 19 rectifications, carry out the pressure regulation operation with convenient in low-pressure side.
After reactor 10 had both occured as short circuit malfunction, the trigger winding of magnetic switch 16 also can limit MgB
2The overvoltage at superconduction winding 11 two ends under the short circuit malfunction state.
The first side winding of bearing the current limliting task among the present invention has adopted MgB
2New superconduction material.Easily synthetic, easily wire rod is conveniently made in processing, and boron element and magnesium elements is cheap, and the current-carrying voltage endurance capability is strong.
MgB
2New superconduction material, with respect to traditional resistive superconducting fault current limiter based on high temperature superconducting materia, the present invention has reduced the series-parallel number of superconductor, effectively reduces the cost of manufacture of current-limiting apparatus, MgB under the simultaneous faults state
2The inductance value of superconduction winding 11 also can the establishment short circuit current instantaneous value, have better current limitation effect.
MgB
2New superconduction material is with respect to traditional saturated core type superconductive failure current limiter, because primary side adopts MgB
2Superconduction winding 11, voltage loss when current-limiting apparatus normally moves is approximately zero, there is not electric energy loss, can electric energy loss be increased yet, resistance value after the simultaneously superconduction winding quench is far longer than unidimensional copper winding, thereby the current-limiting impedance value after the quench also is far longer than the saturated core type superconductive failure current limiter of the primary side employing copper winding of isostructure size.In addition, because adopt magnetic switch 16 closed and disconnected secondary side high-temperature superconductor windings 17 field circuits, therefore with respect to traditional saturated core type superconductive failure current limiter, only need an iron core 18, greatly reduce volume of the present invention.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in above-described embodiment and the specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. impedance composite superconductive failure current limiter based on new superconduction material comprises the iron core (18) of square shape; The upside of described iron core (18) is provided with MgB
2Superconduction winding (11), described MgB
2Be parallel with reactor (10) on the superconduction winding (11); The downside of described iron core (18) is provided with high-temperature superconductor winding (17), is in series with direct voltage source (13) on the described high-temperature superconductor winding (17); Be in series with magnetic switch (16) between described high-temperature superconductor winding (17) and the direct voltage source (13) and it is worth adjustable the first resistance (12), form the first loop; It is characterized in that, also comprise the second resistance (14) and diode (15), described the second resistance (14) and the two ends that are connected in parallel on again high-temperature superconductor winding (17) after diode (15) is connected.
2. the impedance composite superconductive failure current limiter based on new superconduction material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described MgB
2Superconduction winding (11) is wire rod, and described high-temperature superconductor winding (17) is Bi-based high-temperature superconductive strip.
3. the impedance composite superconductive failure current limiter based on new superconduction material according to claim 2 is characterized in that described MgB
2Superconduction winding (11) and high-temperature superconductor winding (17) all are arranged in the liquid helium Dewar.
4. the impedance composite superconductive failure current limiter based on new superconduction material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described direct voltage source (13) comprises transformer (20) and the rectification circuit (19) of outside electric power network, the output of described transformer (20) is connected with the input of rectification circuit (19), and described rectification circuit (19) is in series with high-temperature superconductor winding (17).
5. the impedance composite superconductive failure current limiter based on new superconduction material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described magnetic switch (16) comprises moving contact and the fixed contact that is connected in series on the first loop.
6. the impedance composite superconductive failure current limiter based on new superconduction material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described iron core (18) is to be formed by stacking by the cold-reduced silicon sheet cutting.
7. the impedance composite superconductive failure current limiter based on new superconduction material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the structure of described reactor (10) is solenoid coil.
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| CN2010105869570A CN102064542B (en) | 2010-12-14 | 2010-12-14 | Impedance composite superconducting fault current limiter based on novel superconducting material |
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| CN102064542B true CN102064542B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102684179B (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2014-12-24 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Hybrid short-circuit failure current limiter |
| CN102751710B (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2015-01-28 | 浙江大学 | Novel magnetic shielding air-core transformer coupling bridge type solid state fault current limiter |
| CN104201661A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-10 | 湖南大学 | Novel saturated iron core type high-temperature superconductor current limiter |
| CN105094201A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-25 | 河南师范大学 | Low temperature constant voltage source |
| CN112564070A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-26 | 武汉大学 | Novel rapid energy storage type magnetic saturation iron core direct current fault current limiter and current limiting method |
| CN112564071A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-26 | 武汉大学 | Novel quick-response direct current limiter and current limiting method |
| CN114974795B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-08-01 | 西安交通大学 | Variable-impedance superconductive current-limiting transformer and working method thereof |
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| CN1595583A (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2005-03-16 | 华中科技大学 | DC superconducting fault current limiter |
| CN1728495A (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-01 | 北京云电英纳超导电缆有限公司 | Quick current limiting type superconductive short circuit fault |
| CN101189777A (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2008-05-28 | 诺弗技术有限公司 | Fault current limiting system |
| CN201887458U (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-06-29 | 东南大学 | Novel superconducting material based impedance combined type superconducting fault current limiter |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1595583A (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2005-03-16 | 华中科技大学 | DC superconducting fault current limiter |
| CN1728495A (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-01 | 北京云电英纳超导电缆有限公司 | Quick current limiting type superconductive short circuit fault |
| CN101189777A (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2008-05-28 | 诺弗技术有限公司 | Fault current limiting system |
| CN201887458U (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-06-29 | 东南大学 | Novel superconducting material based impedance combined type superconducting fault current limiter |
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