CN101789589A - Mixed-type high-temperature superconducting short trouble current limiter - Google Patents
Mixed-type high-temperature superconducting short trouble current limiter Download PDFInfo
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- CN101789589A CN101789589A CN201010117523A CN201010117523A CN101789589A CN 101789589 A CN101789589 A CN 101789589A CN 201010117523 A CN201010117523 A CN 201010117523A CN 201010117523 A CN201010117523 A CN 201010117523A CN 101789589 A CN101789589 A CN 101789589A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a short trouble current limiter which is composed of a rectifier bridge, a first protective resistor (Rv), a high-temperature superconducting coil (SL), a switching tube (K), a direct current reactor (Lb), a second protective resistor (Ra) and a protected diode (Da), wherein the rectifier bridge is composed of a first diode (D1), a second diode (D2), a third diode (D3) and a fourth diode (D4); a protective resistor (Rs), the switching tube (K) and the high-temperature superconducting coil (SL) are connected in parallel, and the parallel branch is connected between the first direct current end M and the third direct current end P of the rectifier bridge; the second protective resistor (Ra) and the serial branch of the protected diode (Da) are connected with the direct current reactor (Lb) in parallel, and the parallel branch is connected between the second direct current end N and the third direct current end P of the rectifier bridge. The current limiter is connected with the direct current reactor and the high-temperature superconducting coil on the direct current end of the diode rectifier bridge to realize mutual current limiting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fault current limiter of transmission and distribution network, particularly based on the short-circuit fault current limiter of YBCO belt material of high temperature superconduct.
Background technology:
Along with fast development of national economy, society constantly increases the demand of electric power, driven the continuous development of electric power system, unit and station capacity, substation capacity, city and center of industry load constantly increase, just make between the electric power system interconnected, short circuit current level in the electrical networks at different levels improves constantly, and short trouble is also increasing to the destructiveness of electric power system and continuous electric equipment thereof.And in growing to the demand of electric energy, people also have higher requirement to the quality of power supply, power supply reliability and fail safe etc.Yet the transient stability problem of big electrical network is more outstanding, and wherein one of most important reason is because the conventional electric power technology lacks effective short-circuit current restriction technologies.At present, extensively adopt circuit breaker that short circuit current is fully cut-off in the world, because short circuit current level is directly related with the capacity of system, under the certain situation of the specified drop-out current level of circuit breaker, adopt and fully cut-off the growth that short circuit current will limit the capacity of electric power system, and circuit breaker costs an arm and a leg and its price rises rapidly with the increase of its specified drop-out current.Along with the expansion of net capacity and scale, it is even more serious that this problem will become.
Short-circuit fault current limiter provides new approaches for the solution of this problem.Such as; solid-state short-circuit fault current limiter it when detecting short trouble, by the impedance and the induction reactance parameter of quick change fault electrical network, fault current can be limited in lower level; with the protection power equipment, and guarantee under the prerequisite of existing circuit breaker breaking capacity, to cut off short trouble.U.S. patent of invention US 4490769, its circuit mainly are made up of the direct current reactor of the diode that constitutes rectifier bridge or thyristor, fault current limiting and grid bias power supply etc.When normal operation, flow restricter does not have pressure drop, does not almost have a power consumption electrical network; The fault in case system is short-circuited, when power network current reaches the electric current of direct current reactor, reactor just is automatically connected into circuit fault current and climbing thereof is limited, thereby makes fault current be limited in certain level, to guarantee the timely disengagement failure electric current of circuit breaker.Like this, can cooperate the lower circuit breaker of level that opens circuit to realize the fault current rupturing operation of higher level by short-circuit fault current limiter.Simultaneously, this flow restricter also can be realized the electrical network reclosing.The technical scheme of U.S. patent of invention US 4490769 as shown in Figure 1, its main circuit is by diode T1, T2, T3, T4, dc inductance L and grid bias power supply Vb form.When being short-circuited fault, all can not have time-delay ground and drop into circuit automatically, fault current and climbing thereof are limited.
But still there are many weak points in existing solid-state short-circuit fault current limiter, only when power network current reaches magnet current, its current limliting magnet (L0) just can be automatically connected into electrical network and realize current limliting, and along with the continuous increase of magnet current, the current limiting capacity of magnet constantly reduces.Strictly speaking, the bridge circuit that diode is formed can't be realized real current limliting, must adopt controlled tr tube (as Fig. 1), and by control, the angle of flow that reduces the switching tube on the rectifier bridge brachium pontis increases the discharge time of magnet, thereby reaches current limitation effect preferably.Simultaneously, the electric current that flows through grid bias power supply is 2～3 times of power network current often, and must satisfy the requirement that the electric current of non-fault case and fault case changes, and therefore, the realization of grid bias power supply has certain technical difficulty and higher cost.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, propose a kind of mixed-type high-temperature superconducting short trouble current limiter, the present invention not only can be automatically connected into the circuit fault current limiting, and can produce different current-limiting impedances according to the size of fault current.Therefore, the present invention has better current limiting capacity, and is stronger to the adaptability of electrical network.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The rectifier bridge that short-circuit fault current limiter of the present invention is made up of first diode, second diode, the 3rd diode and the 4th diode, first protective resistance, high temperature superconductor coil, switching tube, direct current reactor, second protective resistance and protection diode are formed.Wherein, the tie point of first diode and second diode is first to exchange end, the tie point of the 3rd diode and the 4th diode is second to exchange end, and the tie point of first diode and the 3rd diode is first dc terminal, and the tie point of second diode and the 4th diode is second dc terminal.Protective resistance, switching tube are in parallel with high temperature superconductor coil, and parallel branch is connected between first dc terminal and the 3rd dc terminal of rectifier bridge.The series arm of second protective resistance and protection diode is in parallel with direct current reactor, and parallel branch is connected between second dc terminal and the 3rd dc terminal of rectifier bridge.The series arm that short-circuit fault current limiter and AC power, load impedance and circuit breaker are formed is connected first of rectifier bridge and exchanges between the end and the second interchange end.Direct current reactor is the superconducting coil or the common reactor winding of superconducting tape coiling by Bi.High temperature superconductor coil adopts the coiling of YBCO belt material of high temperature superconduct.Direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil are immersed in the liquid nitrogen works.Switching tube adopts IGBT or GTO.The high temperature superconductor coil equivalence is inductance and variable-resistance series circuit.
The present invention can be the single-phase earthing fault occluder configurations, also can be the single-phase short-circuit fault current limiter structure that has coupling transformer, can also be that three single-phase earthing fault flow restricters are applied to the three phase short circuit fault occluder configurations that three-phase system is formed; Can be the three short-circuit fault current limiter structures that are coupled.
Major advantage of the present invention:
1. the present invention not only can the fault current limiting peak value, and can the fault current limiting steady-state value.Short-circuit fault current limiter of the present invention, when circuit generation open circuit fault, high-current leading plays the superconducting coil quench, produces the common current limliting of inductance of current-limiting impedance and coil.Thereby obtain than the better current limitation effect of existing short-circuit fault current limiter.
2. flow restricter of the present invention is by producing different current-limiting impedances according to the size of fault current.Therefore, the present invention is stronger to the adaptability of electrical network.
3. superconducting coil of the present invention is automatically connected into the circuit current limliting, and big electric current by the time, cause superconducting coil self quench, the resistance that is produced also is automatically connected into current limliting.Therefore, this short-circuit fault current limiter failure response speed is fast, reliability is high.
4. flow restricter of the present invention is little to the stable state influence of electrical network.Because direct current reactor and high temperature superconductor coil are connected the DC side of flow restricter; And in the electrical network normal state, under the promptly little current conditions, superconducting coil is in superconducting state, can not have a resistance.Therefore, flow restricter of the present invention is when stable state, and is very little to the influence of electrical network.
5. the present invention helps realizing large-scale fault current limiter.Adopt the superconducting coil connection in series-parallel of a plurality of same sizes to realize current limliting under the big voltage, simple.The easier maximization of flow restricter of the present invention more has the market competitiveness.
6. direct current reactor of the present invention and high temperature superconductor coil all have inductive, can limit the overshoot phenomenon of the first fault current peak value effectively;
7. coupled system reclosing well.The application of by-pass switch makes high temperature superconductor coil by bypass, has reduced the recovery time of high temperature superconductor coil effectively, and, eliminated the influence of quench again to system's reclosing.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory schematic diagram of existing short-circuit fault current limiter;
Fig. 2 is that the specific embodiment of the invention 1 is formed structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are the high temperature superconductor coil structure chart of the specific embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of the specific embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of the specific embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 7 is the circuit theory diagrams of the specific embodiment of the invention 4.
Embodiment:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
As shown in Figure 2, specific embodiments of the invention 1 are the single-phase earthing fault flow restricter.This short-circuit fault current limiter is by the first diode D
1, the second diode D
2, the 3rd diode D
3With the 4th diode D
4The rectifier bridge of forming, the first protective resistance Rv, high temperature superconductor coil SL, switching tube K, direct current reactor Lb, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da form.Wherein, the first diode D
1With the second diode D
2Tie point be first to exchange end A, the 3rd diode D
3With the 4th diode D
4Tie point be second to exchange end B, the first diode D
1With the 3rd diode D
3Tie point be the first dc terminal M, the second diode D
2With the 4th diode D
4Tie point be the second dc terminal N.Protective resistance Rs, switching tube K are in parallel with high temperature superconductor coil SL's, and this parallel branch is connected between the first dc terminal M and the 3rd dc terminal P of rectifier bridge.The series arm of the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da is in parallel with direct current reactor Lb, and this parallel branch is connected between the second dc terminal N and the 3rd dc terminal P of rectifier bridge.Short-circuit fault current limiter and AC power U
AC, load impedance R
LAnd the series arm that circuit breaker SW forms is connected between the first interchange end A and the second interchange end B of rectifier bridge.Direct current reactor Lb is the superconducting coil or the common reactor winding of superconducting tape coiling by Bi.High temperature superconductor coil SL adopts the coiling of YBCO belt material of high temperature superconduct.Direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL are immersed in the liquid nitrogen and work.Switching tube K adopts IGBT or GTO.
In the frame of broken lines as shown in Figure 2 is the equivalent electric circuit of high temperature superconductor coil SL.High temperature superconductor coil SL equivalence is an inductance L
SLWith variable resistor R
SLSeries circuit.
The circuit fault-free, promptly during stable state, line current is less, and high temperature superconductor coil SL is in superconducting state, its variable resistor R
SLBe zero, direct current reactor Lb and inductance L
SLBe operated in the DC side of rectifier bridge, do not produce pressure drop.The voltage at high temperature superconductor coil SL two ends approaches zero, protective resistance Rv cut-off state.Switching tube K low level triggers and is in cut-off state.Short-circuit fault current limiter can not impact circuit.
When system was short-circuited fault, if the fault current positive flow is crossed flow restricter, promptly the instantaneous value of fault current was greater than direct current reactor Lb current value, and fault current will be by the first diode D
1-direct current reactor Lb-high temperature superconductor coil SL-the 4th diode D
4, fault current has been subjected to the equivalent inductance L of direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL
SLRestriction.Simultaneously, along with the increase of fault current, high temperature superconductor coil SL quench, variable resistor R
SLIncrease gradually from zero, thereby formed direct current reactor Lb, inductance L
SLWith variable resistor R
SLCommon current limliting.At this moment, the second diode D
2With the 3rd diode D
3Owing to the anti-cut-off state that is in partially, switching tube K low level triggers and is in cut-off state.When direct current reactor Lb electric current increased, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da were because of instead ending partially; When direct current reactor Lb electric current reduced, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da had avoided reactor Lb to produce counter voltage system have been impacted because of the positively biased conducting.
When the numerical value of the reverse instantaneous value of line current greater than direct current reactor Lb current value, fault current will be by the second diode D
2-direct current reactor Lb-high temperature superconductor coil SL-the 3rd diode D
3, fault current has been subjected to the equivalent inductance L of direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL
SLRestriction.Simultaneously, along with the increase of fault current, high temperature superconductor coil SL quench, variable resistor R
SLIncrease gradually from zero, thereby formed direct current reactor Lb, inductance L
SLWith variable resistor R
SLCommon current limliting.At this moment, the first diode D
1With the 4th diode D
4Owing to the anti-cut-off state that is in partially, switching tube K low level triggers and is in cut-off state.When direct current reactor Lb electric current increased, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da were because of instead ending partially; When direct current reactor Lb electric current reduced, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da had avoided reactor Lb to produce counter voltage system have been impacted because of the positively biased conducting.In case power system restoration is normal, the electric current on the short-circuit fault current limiter must reduce, at this moment, high level trigger switch pipe K conducting, electric current is by switching tube K, and high temperature superconductor coil SL has been guaranteed that by bypass electrical network is not subjected to the influence of high temperature superconductor coil SL quench.If high temperature superconductor coil SL recovers superconducting state, low level trigger switch pipe K makes its shutoff.In flow restrictors limit fault current process, open circuit breaker SW, thereby reach the purpose of excision short trouble and protection circuit.From above-mentioned analysis as can be seen, direct current reactor Lb and inductance L
SLAutomatically drop into fault current limiting peak value, variable resistor R
SLAutomatic input fault current limiting steady-state value, thereby effectively limited the impact of fault current to circuit.
The high temperature superconductor coil SL of single-phase short-circuit fault current limiter shown in Figure 3 adopts the naked band coiling of YBCO belt material of high temperature superconduct, adopts the skeleton of epoxy cylinder as coil, adopts solenoid coiling mode.High temperature superconductor coil SL is immersed in the liquid nitrogen and works, and scatters and disappears rapidly with the quench energy that guarantees high temperature superconductor coil SL, reaches the purpose of protection high temperature superconductor coil SL.
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are respectively a kind of structure chart and the equivalent circuit diagrams of the high temperature superconductor coil SL of the specific embodiment of the invention 1.For the requirement of satisfying high voltage and improving the quench current limliting speed of high temperature superconductor coil SL, adopt multi-thread coil unit cascaded structure.High temperature superconductor coil SL shown in Fig. 4 a is by the first coil U
1, the second coil U
2..., n coil U
nForm the first coil U Deng the individual superconducting coil of n (n 〉=1)
1With the first protection diode D
S1With the first protective resistance R
S1The series arm parallel connection, the second coil U that form
2With the second protection diode D
S2With the second protective resistance R
S2The parallel connection of composition series arm ..., n coil U
nWith n protection diode D
SnWith n protective resistance R
SnThe parallel connection of composition series arm.In the equivalent circuit diagram shown in Fig. 4 b, the first coil U
1Equivalence is first inductance L
SL1With the first variable resistor R
SL1The series circuit, the second coil U that form
2Equivalence is second inductance L
SL2With the second adjustable resistance R
SL2The series circuit of forming ..., n coil U
nEquivalence is the n inductance L
SLnWith n variable resistor R
SLnThe series circuit of forming.Used band, the winding method of each superconducting coil and the high temperature superconductor coil SL among Fig. 3 is identical, and has identical coiling direction.Each high temperature superconductor coil has identical parameter, and therefore, each coil unit has identical equivalent inductance and variable resistor.The multiple unit cascaded structure can improve the quench current limliting speed in the high temperature superconductor coil current limliting process, and guarantees the even of each unit, has improved the fail safe of high temperature superconductor coil operation.
As shown in Figure 5, specific embodiments of the invention 2 are the single-phase short-circuit fault current limiter that has coupling transformer.The single-phase earthing fault occluder configurations is identical with specific embodiment 1.TR is the coupling transformer of flow restricter, and SW is a circuit breaker, and Uac is an AC power, R
LBe load impedance.The single-phase earthing fault flow restricter is connected in parallel on the secondary winding of coupling transformer TR, and the two ends of the secondary winding of coupling transformer TR are connected to the first interchange end A and exchange with second on the end B.High temperature superconductor coil SL can adopt the single coil structure of Fig. 2, also can adopt the multiple unit cascaded structure as Fig. 4 a.Direct current reactor Lb is the superconducting coil or the common reactor winding of superconducting tape coiling by Bi.The former limit winding of coupling transformer TR seals in AC power Uac, circuit breaker SW and load R
LSeries circuit, constitute the single-phase short-circuit fault current limiter that has coupling transformer; For high pressure or EHV transformer, by with transformer coupled, can reduce the rated voltage and the insulation rank of power device in the flow restricter, thereby reduce the cost of flow restricter, improve its current limiting performance.The operation principle of the single-phase short-circuit fault current limiter that has a coupling transformer is identical with the operation principle of single-phase earthing fault flow restricter of the present invention.
Figure 6 shows that specific embodiments of the invention 3, is that three single-phase earthing fault flow restricters are connected on the three phase short circuit fault flow restricter of forming in the three-phase system respectively.The structure of each single-phase earthing fault flow restricter of three single-phase earthing fault flow restricters is identical with specific embodiment 1 shown in Figure 2.The single-phase earthing fault flow restricter seals in A cross streams power supply Ua, A phase circuit breaker SWa and A phase load impedance R
LaBetween, form A phase short trouble current-limiting circuit; The single-phase earthing fault flow restricter seals in B cross streams power supply Ub, B phase circuit breaker SWb and B phase load impedance R
LbBetween, form B phase short trouble current-limiting circuit; The single-phase earthing fault flow restricter seals in C cross streams power supply Uc, C phase circuit breaker SWc and C phase load impedance R
LcBetween, form C phase short trouble current-limiting circuit.High temperature superconductor coil SL can adopt the single coil structure of Fig. 2, also can adopt the multi-unit structure of Fig. 4.Direct current reactor Lb is the superconducting coil or the common reactor winding of superconducting tape coiling by Bi.Direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL are immersed in the liquid nitrogen and work.SWa, SWb, SWc are respectively A, B, C three-phase breaker, and Ua, Ub, Uc are three-phase alternating-current supply, R
La, R
Lb, R
LcBe respectively A, B, C threephase load impedance.The operation principle of each phase of three phase short circuit fault flow restricter is identical with the operation principle of single-phase earthing fault flow restricter of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 7, specific embodiments of the invention 4 are three short-circuit fault current limiters that are coupled.The first diode D
1, the second diode D
2... the 8th diode D
8Three-phase commutation bridge, A, B, C three-phase coupling transformer Tra, Trb and the Trc that forms, the first protective resistance Rv, high temperature superconductor coil SL, switching tube K, direct current reactor Lb, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da form.Wherein, the first diode D
1With the second diode D
2By tie point W series connection, the 3rd diode D
3With the 4th diode D
4By tie point V series connection, the 5th diode D
5With the 6th diode D
6By tie point U series connection, the 7th diode D
7With the 8th diode D
8By tie point G1 series connection, and, the first diode D
1, the 3rd diode D
3, the 5th diode D
5With the 7th diode D
7Be connected on the first dc terminal M the second diode D
2, the 4th diode D
4, the 6th diode D
6With the 8th diode D
8Be connected on the second dc terminal N.Protective resistance Rs, switching tube K are in parallel with high temperature superconductor coil SL, and this parallel branch is connected between the first dc terminal M and the 3rd dc terminal P of rectifier bridge.The series arm of the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da is in parallel with direct current reactor Lb, and this parallel branch is connected between the second dc terminal N and the 3rd dc terminal P of rectifier bridge.
The be coupled secondary winding of transformer Tra of A is connected between tie point U and the tie point G1, the be coupled secondary winding of transformer Trb of B is connected between tie point V and the tie point G1, and the be coupled secondary winding of transformer Trc of C is connected between tie point W and the tie point G1.The former limit winding of the coupling transformer of A, B, C three-phase is connected on respectively between three phase mains Ua, Ub, Uc and three-phase breaker SWa, SWb, the SWc, and with threephase load impedance R
La, R
Lb, R
LcSeries connection.Threephase load impedance R
La, R
Lb, R
LcBe connected on the earth point G with three phase mains Ua, Ub, Uc, form three short-circuit fault current limiters that are coupled.Direct current reactor Lb is the superconducting coil or the common reactor winding of superconducting tape coiling by Bi.High temperature superconductor coil SL adopts the coiling of YBCO belt material of high temperature superconduct.Switching tube K adopts IGBT or GTO.High temperature superconductor coil SL can adopt the single coil structure of Fig. 2, also can adopt the multiple unit cascaded structure of Fig. 4 a.
When stable state, when promptly circuit does not break down, the first diode D
1, the 3rd diode D
3, the 5th diode D
5, the 8th diode D
8With the second diode D
2, the 4th diode D
4, the 6th diode D
6, the 7th diode D
7Because of the positively biased conducting.In the DC side of rectifier bridge, electric current conducting by direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL.During stable state, can't cause high temperature superconductor coil SL quench, its variable resistor R because of electric current is less
SLBe the zero resistance state.Three short-circuit fault current limiters that are coupled do not produce electric voltage dropping to circuit.
When system was short-circuited fault (is example mutually with A), if the fault current positive flow crosses flow restricter, promptly the instantaneous value of fault current was greater than the current value of direct current reactor Lb, and fault current is coupled by A behind the transformer Tra, and fault current will be by the first diode D
1-direct current reactor Lb-high temperature superconductor coil SL-the 8th diode D
8, fault current has been subjected to the equivalent inductance L of direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL
SLRestriction.Simultaneously, along with the increase of fault current, high temperature superconductor coil SL quench, variable resistor R
SLIncrease gradually from zero, thereby formed direct current reactor Lb, inductance L
SLWith variable resistor R
SLCommon current limliting.At this moment, the second diode D
2With the 7th diode D
7Owing to the anti-cut-off state that is in partially, switching tube K low level triggers and is in cut-off state.When direct current reactor Lb electric current increased, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da were because of instead ending partially; When direct current reactor Lb electric current reduced, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da had avoided direct current reactor Lb to produce counter voltage system have been impacted because of the positively biased conducting.
When the numerical value of the reverse instantaneous value of line current during greater than direct current reactor Lb current value, fault current will be by the second diode D
2-direct current reactor Lb-high temperature superconductor coil SL-the 7th diode D
7, fault current has been subjected to the equivalent inductance L of direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL
SLRestriction.Simultaneously, along with the increase of fault current, high temperature superconductor coil SL quench, variable resistor R
SLIncrease gradually from zero, thereby formed direct current reactor Lb, inductance L
SLWith variable resistor R
SLCommon current limliting.At this moment, the first diode D
1With the 8th diode D
8Owing to the anti-cut-off state that is in partially, switching tube K low level triggers and is in cut-off state.When direct current reactor Lb electric current increased, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da were because of instead ending partially; When direct current reactor Lb electric current reduced, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da had avoided direct current reactor Lb to produce counter voltage system have been impacted because of the positively biased conducting.In case power system restoration is normal, the electric current on the short-circuit fault current limiter must reduce, at this moment, high level trigger switch pipe K conducting, electric current is by switching tube K, and high temperature superconductor coil SL has been guaranteed that by bypass electrical network is not subjected to the influence of high temperature superconductor coil SL quench.If high temperature superconductor coil SL recovers superconducting state, low level trigger switch pipe K makes its shutoff.In flow restrictors limit fault current process, open circuit breaker SW, thereby reach the purpose of excision short trouble and protection circuit.From above-mentioned analysis as can be seen, direct current reactor Lb and inductance L
SLAutomatically drop into fault current limiting peak value, variable resistor R
SLAutomatic input fault current limiting steady-state value, thereby effectively limited the impact of fault current to circuit.
In single-phase 220V circuit and the test of three-phase 380V circuit, all can realize the short trouble current limliting preferably, the instantaneous value of fault current and steady-state value can be limited in below 60% of maximum fault current.And according to the fault characteristic and the impedance situation of circuit, the parameter of further regulating high temperature superconductor coil can reach better current limitation effect.
Claims (9)
1. a short-circuit fault current limiter is characterized in that described short-circuit fault current limiter is by the first diode (D
1), the second diode (D
2), the 3rd diode (D
3) and the 4th diode (D
4) rectifier bridge, first protective resistance (Rv), high temperature superconductor coil (SL), switching tube (K), direct current reactor (Lb), second protective resistance (Ra) and protection diode (Da) composition formed; First diode (the D
1) and the second diode (D
2) tie point be first to exchange end A, the 3rd diode (D
3) and the 4th diode (D
4) tie point be second to exchange end B, the first diode (D
1) and the 3rd diode (D
3) tie point be the first dc terminal M, the second diode (D
2) and the 4th diode (D
4) tie point be the second dc terminal N; Protective resistance (Rs), switching tube (K) are in parallel with high temperature superconductor coil (SL), and this parallel branch is connected between the first dc terminal M and the 3rd dc terminal P of rectifier bridge; The series arm of second protective resistance (Ra) and protection diode (Da) is in parallel with direct current reactor (Lb), and this parallel branch is connected between the second dc terminal N and the 3rd dc terminal P of rectifier bridge.
2. according to the described short-circuit fault current limiter of claim 1, it is characterized in that described short-circuit fault current limiter and AC power (U
AC), load impedance (R
L) and the series arm of circuit breaker (SW) be connected first of described rectifier bridge and exchange end A and second and exchange between the end B.
3. according to the described short-circuit fault current limiter of claim 1, it is characterized in that the high temperature superconductor coil (SL) of described short-circuit fault current limiter adopts the naked band coiling of YBCO belt material of high temperature superconduct, adopt the skeleton of epoxy cylinder, adopt solenoid coiling mode as coil; Direct current reactor (Lb) is the superconducting coil or the common reactor winding of superconducting tape coiling by Bi; Direct current reactor (Lb) and high temperature superconductor coil (SL) are immersed in the liquid nitrogen works.
4. according to the described short-circuit fault current limiter of claim 1, it is characterized in that high temperature superconductor coil (SL) equivalence of described short-circuit fault current limiter is inductance (L
SL) and variable resistor (R
SL) series circuit.
5. according to claim 1,3 or 4 described short-circuit fault current limiters, it is characterized in that described high temperature superconductor coil (SL) or by the first coil (U
1), the second coil (U
2) ..., n coil (U
n) wait n superconducting coil to form n 〉=1; First coil (the U
1) and the first protection diode (D
S1) and the first protective resistance (R
S1) the series arm parallel connection formed, the second coil (U
2) and the second protection diode (D
S2) and the second protective resistance (R
S2) the series arm parallel connection formed ...,, n coil (U
n) protect diode (D with n
Sn) and n protective resistance (R
Sn) the series arm parallel connection formed; Used band, the winding method of described high temperature superconductor coil (SL) is identical with the coiling direction.
6. according to claim 1,3 or 4 described short-circuit fault current limiters, it is characterized in that three described single-phase earthing fault flow restricters are connected on composition three phase short circuit fault flow restricter in the three-phase system respectively; The single-phase earthing fault flow restricter seals in A cross streams power supply (Ua), A phase circuit breaker (SWa) and A phase load impedance (R
La) between, form A phase short trouble current-limiting circuit; The single-phase earthing fault flow restricter seals in B cross streams power supply (Ub), B phase circuit breaker (SWb) and B phase load impedance (R
Lb) between, form B phase short trouble current-limiting circuit; The single-phase earthing fault flow restricter seals in C cross streams power supply (Uc), C phase circuit breaker (SWc) and C phase load impedance (R
Lc) between, form C phase short trouble current-limiting circuit.
7. according to claim 1,3 or 4 described short-circuit fault current limiters, it is characterized in that described short-circuit fault current limiter is connected in parallel on the secondary winding of coupling transformer (TR), the two ends of the secondary winding of coupling transformer (TR) connect the first interchange end A respectively and exchange end B with second; The former limit winding of coupling transformer (TR) seals in AC power (Uac), circuit breaker (SW) and load impedance (R
L) series circuit, constitute the single-phase short-circuit fault current limiter that has coupling transformer.
8. according to the described short-circuit fault current limiter of claim 7, it is characterized in that three described single-phase short-circuit fault current limiters that have coupling transformer are connected on the three phase short circuit fault flow restricter of forming in the three-phase system respectively; Three short-circuit fault current limiters that are coupled are made up of three-phase commutation bridge, A, B, C three-phase coupling transformer (Tra, Trb, Trc), first protective resistance (Rv), high temperature superconductor coil (SL), switching tube (K), direct current reactor (Lb), second protective resistance (Ra) and protection diode (Da); First diode (the D
1), the second diode (D
2) ..., the 8th diode (D
8) form described three-phase commutation bridge; In the described three phase short circuit fault flow restricter, the first diode (D
1) and the second diode (D
2) by tie point W series connection, the 3rd diode (D
3) and the 4th diode (D
4) by tie point V series connection, the 5th diode (D
5) and the 6th diode (D
6) by tie point U series connection, the 7th diode (D
7) and the 8th diode (D
8) by tie point G1 series connection; First diode (the D
1), the 3rd diode (D
3), the 5th diode (D
5) and the 7th diode (D
7) be connected on the first dc terminal M the second diode (D
2), the 4th diode (D
4), the 6th diode (D
6) and the 8th diode (D
8) be connected on the second dc terminal N; Protective resistance (Rs), switching tube (K) are in parallel with high temperature superconductor coil (SL), and parallel branch is connected between the first dc terminal M and the 3rd dc terminal P of rectifier bridge.The series arm of second protective resistance (Ra) and protection diode (Da) is in parallel with direct current reactor (Lb), and parallel branch is connected between the second dc terminal N and the 3rd dc terminal P of rectifier bridge.
9. according to the described short-circuit fault current limiter of claim 8, it is characterized in that the be coupled secondary winding of transformer (Tra) of described A is connected between tie point U and the tie point G1, the be coupled secondary winding of transformer (Trb) of described B is connected between tie point V and the tie point G1, and the be coupled secondary winding of transformer (Trc) of described C is connected between tie point W and the tie point G1; The former limit winding of the coupling transformer of A, B, C three-phase is connected on respectively between three phase mains (Ua), (Ub), (Uc) and three-phase breaker (Swa), (SWb), (SWc), and with threephase load impedance (R
La), (R
Lb), (R
Lc) series connection; Threephase load impedance (R
La), (R
Lb), (R
Lc) and three phase mains (Ua), (Ub), (Uc) be connected on the earth point G.
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