CN101789589B - Mixed-type high-temperature superconducting short trouble current limiter - Google Patents
Mixed-type high-temperature superconducting short trouble current limiter Download PDFInfo
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- CN101789589B CN101789589B CN201010117523.6A CN201010117523A CN101789589B CN 101789589 B CN101789589 B CN 101789589B CN 201010117523 A CN201010117523 A CN 201010117523A CN 101789589 B CN101789589 B CN 101789589B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Abstract
The invention discloses a short trouble current limiter which is composed of a rectifier bridge, a first protective resistor (Rv), a high-temperature superconducting coil (SL), a switching tube (K), a direct current reactor (Lb), a second protective resistor (Ra) and a protected diode (Da), wherein the rectifier bridge is composed of a first diode (D1), a second diode (D2), a third diode (D3) and a fourth diode (D4); a protective resistor (Rs), the switching tube (K) and the high-temperature superconducting coil (SL) are connected in parallel, and the parallel branch is connected between the first direct current end M and the third direct current end P of the rectifier bridge; the second protective resistor (Ra) and the serial branch of the protected diode (Da) are connected with the direct current reactor (Lb) in parallel, and the parallel branch is connected between the second direct current end N and the third direct current end P of the rectifier bridge. The current limiter is connected with the direct current reactor and the high-temperature superconducting coil on the direct current end of the diode rectifier bridge to realize mutual current limiting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fault current limiter of transmission and distribution network, particularly the short-circuit fault current limiter based on YBCO belt material of high temperature superconduct.
Background technology:
Along with the fast development of national economy, society constantly increases the demand of electric power, drive the development of electric power system, unit and station capacity, substation capacity, city and center of industry load constantly increase, just make between electric power system interconnected, short circuit current level in electrical networks at different levels improves constantly, and short trouble is also increasing to the destructiveness of electric power system and connected electric equipment thereof.And in growing to the demand of electric energy, people also have higher requirement to the quality of power supply, power supply reliability and fail safe etc.But the transient stability problem of large electrical network is more outstanding, wherein one of most important reason is because conventional electric power technology lacks effective short-circuit current restriction technologies.At present, extensively adopt in the world circuit breaker fully to cut-off short circuit current, because short circuit current level is directly related with the capacity of system, in the case of the specified drop-out current level of circuit breaker is certain, adopt the growth of fully cut-offfing short circuit current and will limit the capacity of electric power system, and circuit breaker is expensive and its price rises rapidly with the increase of its specified drop-out current.Along with the expansion of net capacity and scale, it is even more serious that this problem will become.
The solution that short-circuit fault current limiter is this problem provides new approaches.Such as; solid-state short-circuit fault current limiter it in the time short trouble being detected, by impedance and the induction reactance parameter of quick change fault electrical network, can be by fault current limitation in lower level; with protection power equipment, and ensure to cut off short trouble under the prerequisite of existing circuit breaker breaking capacity.U.S. patent of invention US4490769, if its main circuit is made up of the direct current reactor and the grid bias power supply etc. that form the diode of rectifier bridge or thyristor, fault current limiting.In the time of normal operation, flow restricter to electrical network without pressure drop, idle almost; The fault once system is short-circuited, in the time that power network current reaches the electric current of direct current reactor, reactor is just automatically connected into circuit fault current and climbing thereof is limited, thereby makes fault current limitation in certain level, to ensure the timely disengagement failure electric current of circuit breaker.Like this, can coordinate circuit breaker that the level that opens circuit is lower to realize the fault current rupturing operation of higher level by short-circuit fault current limiter.Meanwhile, this flow restricter also can be realized electrical network reclosing.As shown in Figure 1, its main circuit is by diode T1, T2, T3, T4 for the technical scheme of U.S. patent of invention US4490769, and DC inductance L and grid bias power supply Vb form.In the time being short-circuited fault, all can enter circuit without time delay ground automatic switching, fault current and climbing thereof are limited.
But still there are many weak points in existing solid-state short-circuit fault current limiter, only in the time that power network current reaches magnet current, its current limliting magnet (L0) just can be automatically connected into electrical network and realize current limliting, and along with the continuous increase of magnet current, the current limiting capacity of magnet constantly reduces.Strictly speaking, real current limliting cannot be realized in diode composition Qiao road, must adopt controlled tr tube (as Fig. 1), and by controlling, the angle of flow that reduces the switching tube on rectifier bridge brachium pontis increases the discharge time of magnet, thereby reaches good current limitation effect.Meanwhile, the electric current that flows through grid bias power supply 2～3 times of power network current often, and must meet the requirement of the curent change of non-fault case and fault case, therefore, the realization of grid bias power supply has certain technical difficulty and higher cost.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, propose a kind of mixed-type high-temperature superconducting short trouble current limiter, the present invention not only can be automatically connected into circuit fault current limiting, and can, according to the size of fault current, produce different current-limiting impedances.Therefore, the present invention has better current limiting capacity, stronger to the adaptability of electrical network.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Rectifier bridge, the first protective resistance, high temperature superconductor coil, switching tube, direct current reactor, the second protective resistance and protection diode that short-circuit fault current limiter of the present invention is made up of the first diode, the second diode, the 3rd diode and the 4th diode form.Wherein, the tie point of the first diode and the second diode is first to exchange end, the tie point of the 3rd diode and the 4th diode is second to exchange end, and the tie point of the first diode and the 3rd diode is the first DC terminal, and the tie point of the second diode and the 4th diode is the second DC terminal.Protective resistance, switching tube are in parallel with high temperature superconductor coil, and parallel branch is connected between first DC terminal and the 3rd DC terminal of rectifier bridge.The series arm of the second protective resistance and protection diode is in parallel with direct current reactor, and parallel branch is connected between second DC terminal and the 3rd DC terminal of rectifier bridge.The series arm of short-circuit fault current limiter and AC power, load impedance and circuit breaker composition is connected to first of rectifier bridge and exchanges between end and the second interchange end.Direct current reactor is superconducting coil or the common reactor winding of superconducting tape coiling by Bi.High temperature superconductor coil adopts the coiling of YBCO belt material of high temperature superconduct.Direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil are immersed in liquid nitrogen works.Switching tube adopts IGBT or GTO.High temperature superconductor coil is equivalent to inductance and variable-resistance series circuit.
The present invention can be single-phase earthing fault occluder configurations, also can be the single-phase short-circuit fault current limiter structure with coupling transformer, can also be the three phase short circuit fault occluder configurations that three single-phase earthing fault flow restricters are applied to three-phase system composition; It can be coupling short-circuit fault current limiter structure.
Major advantage of the present invention:
1. the present invention not only can fault current limiting peak value, and can fault current limiting steady-state value.Short-circuit fault current limiter of the present invention, in the time of circuit generation open circuit fault, high-current leading plays superconducting coil quench, produces the common current limliting of inductance of current-limiting impedance and coil.Thereby obtain than the better current limitation effect of existing short-circuit fault current limiter.
2. flow restricter of the present invention is by can, according to the size of fault current, producing different current-limiting impedances.Therefore, the present invention is stronger to the adaptability of electrical network.
3. superconducting coil of the present invention is automatically connected into circuit current limliting, and large electric current by time, cause superconducting coil self quench, the resistance producing is also automatically connected into current limliting.Therefore, this short-circuit fault current limiter failure response speed is fast, reliability is high.
4. flow restricter of the present invention is little on the stable state impact of electrical network.Because direct current reactor and high temperature superconductor coil are connected to the DC side of flow restricter; And in electrical network normal state, under little current conditions, superconducting coil, in superconducting state, can not have a resistance.Therefore, flow restricter of the present invention is in the time of stable state, very little on the impact of electrical network.
5. the present invention is conducive to realize large-scale fault current limiter.Adopt the superconducting coil connection in series-parallel of multiple same sizes to realize the current limliting under large voltage, simple.Flow restricter of the present invention more easily maximizes, and more has the market competitiveness.
6. direct current reactor of the present invention and high temperature superconductor coil all have inductive, can effectively limit the overshoot phenomenon of Fisrt fault current peak;
7. coupled system reclosing well.The application of by-pass switch, is bypassed high temperature superconductor coil, has effectively reduced the recovery time of high temperature superconductor coil, and, eliminate again the impact of quench on system reclosing.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory schematic diagram of existing short-circuit fault current limiter;
Fig. 2 is that the specific embodiment of the invention 1 forms structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are the high temperature superconductor coil structure chart of the specific embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of the specific embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of the specific embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 7 is the circuit theory diagrams of the specific embodiment of the invention 4.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 2, specific embodiments of the invention 1 are single-phase earthing fault flow restricter.This short-circuit fault current limiter is by the first diode D
1, the second diode D
2, the 3rd diode D
3with the 4th diode D
4rectifier bridge, the first protective resistance Rv, high temperature superconductor coil SL, switching tube K, direct current reactor Lb, the second protective resistance Ra and the protection diode Da composition of composition.Wherein, the first diode D
1with the second diode D
2tie point be the first interchange end A, the 3rd diode D
3with the 4th diode D
4tie point be the second interchange end B, the first diode D
1with the 3rd diode D
3tie point be the first DC terminal M, the second diode D
2with the 4th diode D
4tie point be the second DC terminal N.The first protective resistance Rv, switching tube K are in parallel with high temperature superconductor coil SL's, and this parallel branch is connected between the second DC terminal N and the 3rd DC terminal P of rectifier bridge.The series arm of the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da is in parallel with direct current reactor Lb, and this parallel branch is connected between the first DC terminal M and the 3rd DC terminal P of rectifier bridge.Short-circuit fault current limiter and AC power U
aC, load impedance R
land the series arm of circuit breaker SW composition is connected to, and first of rectifier bridge exchanges end A and the second interchange is held between B.Direct current reactor Lb is superconducting coil or the common reactor winding of superconducting tape coiling by Bi.High temperature superconductor coil SL adopts the coiling of YBCO belt material of high temperature superconduct.Direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL are immersed in liquid nitrogen and work.Switching tube K adopts IGBT or GTO.
In dotted line frame as shown in Figure 2, it is the equivalent electric circuit of high temperature superconductor coil SL.High temperature superconductor coil SL is equivalent to inductance L
sLwith variable resistor R
sLseries circuit.
Circuit fault-free, when stable state, line current is less, and high temperature superconductor coil SL is in superconducting state, its variable resistor R
sLbe zero, direct current reactor Lb and inductance L
sLbe operated in the DC side of rectifier bridge, do not produce pressure drop.The voltage at high temperature superconductor coil SL two ends is close to zero, protective resistance Rv cut-off state.Switching tube K low level trigger and in cut-off state.Short-circuit fault current limiter can not impact circuit.
In the time that system is short-circuited fault, if fault current positive flow is crossed flow restricter, the instantaneous value of fault current is greater than direct current reactor Lb current value, and fault current will be by the first diode D
1-direct current reactor Lb-high temperature superconductor coil SL-the 4th diode D
4, fault current has been subject to the equivalent inductance L of direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL
sLrestriction.Meanwhile, along with the increase of fault current, high temperature superconductor coil SL quench, variable resistor R
sLincrease gradually from zero, thereby formed direct current reactor Lb, inductance L
sLwith variable resistor R
sLcommon current limliting.At this moment, the second diode D
2with the 3rd diode D
3due to reverse-biased and in cut-off state, switching tube K low level triggers and in cut-off state.In the time that direct current reactor Lb electric current increases, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da end because of reverse-biased; In the time that direct current reactor Lb electric current reduces, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da, because of positively biased conducting, have avoided reactor Lb to produce counter voltage system have been impacted.
When the numerical value of the reverse instantaneous value of line current is greater than direct current reactor Lb current value, fault current will be by the second diode D
2-direct current reactor Lb-high temperature superconductor coil SL-the 3rd diode D
3, fault current has been subject to the equivalent inductance L of direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL
sLrestriction.Meanwhile, along with the increase of fault current, high temperature superconductor coil SL quench, variable resistor R
sLincrease gradually from zero, thereby formed direct current reactor Lb, inductance L
sLwith variable resistor R
sLcommon current limliting.At this moment, the first diode D
1with the 4th diode D
4due to reverse-biased and in cut-off state, switching tube K low level triggers and in cut-off state.In the time that direct current reactor Lb electric current increases, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da end because of reverse-biased; In the time that direct current reactor Lb electric current reduces, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da, because of positively biased conducting, have avoided reactor Lb to produce counter voltage system have been impacted.Once power system restoration is normal, the electric current on short-circuit fault current limiter must reduce, at this moment, high level trigger switch pipe K conducting, electric current is by switching tube K, and high temperature superconductor coil SL is bypassed, and has ensured that electrical network is not subject to the impact of high temperature superconductor coil SL quench.If high temperature superconductor coil SL recovers superconducting state, low level trigger switch pipe K makes its shutoff.In flow restrictors limit fault current process, open circuit breaker SW, thereby reach the object of excision short trouble and protection circuit.Can find out direct current reactor Lb and inductance L from above-mentioned analysis
sLautomatically drop into fault current limiting peak value, variable resistor R
sLautomatic input fault current limiting steady-state value, thereby effectively limited the impact of fault current to circuit.
The high temperature superconductor coil SL of the single-phase short-circuit fault current limiter shown in Fig. 3 adopts the naked band coiling of YBCO belt material of high temperature superconduct, adopts the skeleton of epoxy cylinder as coil, adopts solenoid winding method.High temperature superconductor coil SL is immersed in liquid nitrogen and works, and scatters and disappears rapidly with the quench energy that ensures high temperature superconductor coil SL, reaches the object of protection high temperature superconductor coil SL.
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are respectively a kind of structure chart and the equivalent circuit diagrams of the high temperature superconductor coil SL of the specific embodiment of the invention 1.For the requirement that meets high voltage and improve the quench current limliting speed of high temperature superconductor coil SL, adopt multi-coil units in series structure.High temperature superconductor coil SL as shown in Fig. 4 a is by the first coil U
1, the second coil U
2..., n coil U
ndeng n(n>=1) individual superconducting coil composition, the first coil U
1with the first protection diode D
s1with the first protective resistance R
s1series arm parallel connection, the second coil U of composition
2with the second protection diode D
s2with the second protective resistance R
s2the parallel connection of composition series arm ..., n coil U
nwith n protection diode D
snwith n protective resistance R
snthe parallel connection of composition series arm.In equivalent circuit diagram as shown in Figure 4 b, the first coil U
1be equivalent to the first inductance L
sL1with the first variable resistor R
sL1series circuit, the second coil U of composition
2be equivalent to the second inductance L
sL2with the second adjustable resistance R
sL2composition series circuit ..., n coil U
nbe equivalent to n inductance L
sLnwith n variable resistor R
sLnthe series circuit of composition.Each superconducting coil band, winding method used with high temperature superconductor coil SL in Fig. 3 is identical, and has identical coiling direction.Each high temperature superconductor coil has identical parameter, and therefore, each coil unit has identical equivalent inductance and variable resistor.Multiple unit cascaded structure can improve the quench current limliting speed in high temperature superconductor coil current limliting process, and ensures the even of unit, has improved the fail safe of high temperature superconductor coil operation.
As shown in Figure 5, specific embodiments of the invention 2 are the single-phase short-circuit fault current limiter with coupling transformer.Single-phase earthing fault occluder configurations is identical with specific embodiment 1.TR is the coupling transformer of flow restricter, and SW is circuit breaker, and Uac is AC power, R
lfor load impedance.Single-phase earthing fault flow restricter is connected in parallel on the secondary winding of coupling transformer TR, and the two ends of the secondary winding of coupling transformer TR are connected to the first interchange end A and exchange with second on end B.High temperature superconductor coil SL can adopt the single coil structure of Fig. 2, also can adopt the multiple unit cascaded structure as Fig. 4 a.Direct current reactor Lb is superconducting coil or the common reactor winding of superconducting tape coiling by Bi.The former limit winding of coupling transformer TR seals in AC power Uac, circuit breaker SW and load R
lseries circuit, form the single-phase short-circuit fault current limiter with coupling transformer; For high pressure or EHV transformer, by by transformer coupled, can reduce rated voltage and the insulation rank of power device in flow restricter, thereby reduce the cost of flow restricter, improve its current limiting performance.The operation principle of the single-phase short-circuit fault current limiter with coupling transformer is identical with the operation principle of single-phase earthing fault flow restricter of the present invention.
Figure 6 shows that specific embodiments of the invention 3, is that three single-phase earthing fault flow restricters are connected on respectively the three phase short circuit fault flow restricter forming in three-phase system.Specific embodiment 1 shown in structure and Fig. 2 of each single-phase earthing fault flow restricter of three single-phase earthing fault flow restricters is identical.Single-phase earthing fault flow restricter seals in A cross streams power supply Ua, A phase circuit breaker SWa and A phase load impedance R
labetween, composition A phase short trouble current-limiting circuit; Single-phase earthing fault flow restricter seals in B cross streams power supply Ub, B phase circuit breaker SWb and B phase load impedance R
lbbetween, composition B phase short trouble current-limiting circuit; Single-phase earthing fault flow restricter seals in C cross streams power supply Uc, C phase circuit breaker SWc and C phase load impedance R
lcbetween, composition C phase short trouble current-limiting circuit.High temperature superconductor coil SL can adopt the single coil structure of Fig. 2, also can adopt the multi-unit structure of Fig. 4.Direct current reactor Lb is superconducting coil or the common reactor winding of superconducting tape coiling by Bi.Direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL are immersed in liquid nitrogen and work.SWa, SWb, SWc are respectively A, B, C three-phase breaker, and Ua, Ub, Uc are three-phase alternating-current supply, R
la, R
lb, R
lcbe respectively A, B, C threephase load impedance.The operation principle of each phase of three phase short circuit fault flow restricter is identical with the operation principle of single-phase earthing fault flow restricter of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 7, specific embodiments of the invention 4 are coupling short-circuit fault current limiter.The first diode D
1, the second diode D
2... the 8th diode D
8three-phase commutation bridge, A, B, C coupling transformer Tra, Trb and Trc, the first protective resistance Rv, high temperature superconductor coil SL, switching tube K, direct current reactor Lb, the second protective resistance Ra and the protection diode Da composition of composition.Wherein, the first diode D
1with the second diode D
2by tie point W series connection, the 3rd diode D
3with the 4th diode D
4by tie point V series connection, the 5th diode D
5with the 6th diode D
6by tie point U series connection, the 7th diode D
7with the 8th diode D
8by tie point, G1 connects, and, the first diode D
1, the 3rd diode D
3, the 5th diode D
5with the 7th diode D
7be connected to the first DC terminal M upper, the second diode D
2, the 4th diode D
4, the 6th diode D
6with the 8th diode D
8be connected on the second DC terminal N.The first protective resistance Rv, switching tube K are in parallel with high temperature superconductor coil SL, and this parallel branch is connected between the second DC terminal N and the 3rd DC terminal P of rectifier bridge.The series arm of the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da is in parallel with direct current reactor Lb, and this parallel branch is connected between the first DC terminal M and the 3rd DC terminal P of rectifier bridge.
The be coupled secondary winding of transformer Tra of A is connected between tie point U and tie point G1, the be coupled secondary winding of transformer Trb of B is connected between tie point V and tie point G1, and the be coupled secondary winding of transformer Trc of C is connected between tie point W and tie point G1.The former limit winding of the coupling transformer of A, B, C three-phase is connected on respectively between three phase mains Ua, Ub, Uc and three-phase breaker SWa, SWb, SWc, and with threephase load impedance R
la, R
lb, R
lcseries connection.Threephase load impedance R
la, R
lb, R
lcbe connected to earth point G above with three phase mains Ua, Ub, Uc, composition coupling short-circuit fault current limiter.Direct current reactor Lb is superconducting coil or the common reactor winding of superconducting tape coiling by Bi.High temperature superconductor coil SL adopts the coiling of YBCO belt material of high temperature superconduct.Switching tube K adopts IGBT or GTO.High temperature superconductor coil SL can adopt the single coil structure of Fig. 2, also can adopt the multiple unit cascaded structure of Fig. 4 a.
In the time of stable state, when circuit does not break down, the first diode D
1, the 3rd diode D
3, the 5th diode D
5, the 8th diode D
8with the second diode D
2, the 4th diode D
4, the 6th diode D
6, the 7th diode D
7because of positively biased conducting.In the DC side of rectifier bridge, electric current conducting by direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL.When stable state, because electric current cannot cause high temperature superconductor coil SL quench compared with little, its variable resistor R
sLbe zero resistance state.Coupling short-circuit fault current limiter falls the voltage that do not produce of circuit.
In the time that system is short-circuited fault (taking A mutually as example), if fault current positive flow is crossed flow restricter, the instantaneous value of fault current is greater than the current value of direct current reactor Lb, and fault current is coupled after transformer Tra by A, and fault current will be by the first diode D
1-direct current reactor Lb-high temperature superconductor coil SL-the 8th diode D
8, fault current has been subject to the equivalent inductance L of direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL
sLrestriction.Meanwhile, along with the increase of fault current, high temperature superconductor coil SL quench, variable resistor R
sLincrease gradually from zero, thereby formed direct current reactor Lb, inductance L
sLwith variable resistor R
sLcommon current limliting.At this moment, the second diode D
2with the 7th diode D
7due to reverse-biased and in cut-off state, switching tube K low level triggers and in cut-off state.In the time that direct current reactor Lb electric current increases, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da end because of reverse-biased; In the time that direct current reactor Lb electric current reduces, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da, because of positively biased conducting, have avoided direct current reactor Lb to produce counter voltage system have been impacted.
In the time that the numerical value of the reverse instantaneous value of line current is greater than direct current reactor Lb current value, fault current will be by the second diode D
2-direct current reactor Lb-high temperature superconductor coil SL-the 7th diode D
7, fault current has been subject to the equivalent inductance L of direct current reactor Lb and high temperature superconductor coil SL
sLrestriction.Meanwhile, along with the increase of fault current, high temperature superconductor coil SL quench, variable resistor R
sLincrease gradually from zero, thereby formed direct current reactor Lb, inductance L
sLwith variable resistor R
sLcommon current limliting.At this moment, the first diode D
1with the 8th diode D
8due to reverse-biased and in cut-off state, switching tube K low level triggers and in cut-off state.In the time that direct current reactor Lb electric current increases, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da end because of reverse-biased; In the time that direct current reactor Lb electric current reduces, the second protective resistance Ra and protection diode Da, because of positively biased conducting, have avoided direct current reactor Lb to produce counter voltage system have been impacted.Once power system restoration is normal, the electric current on short-circuit fault current limiter must reduce, at this moment, high level trigger switch pipe K conducting, electric current is by switching tube K, and high temperature superconductor coil SL is bypassed, and has ensured that electrical network is not subject to the impact of high temperature superconductor coil SL quench.If high temperature superconductor coil SL recovers superconducting state, low level trigger switch pipe K makes its shutoff.In flow restrictors limit fault current process, open circuit breaker SW, thereby reach the object of excision short trouble and protection circuit.Can find out direct current reactor Lb and inductance L from above-mentioned analysis
sLautomatically drop into fault current limiting peak value, variable resistor R
sLautomatic input fault current limiting steady-state value, thereby effectively limited the impact of fault current to circuit.
In single-phase 220V circuit and three-phase 380V circuit testing, all can realize preferably short trouble current limliting, the instantaneous value of fault current and steady-state value can be limited in below 60% of maximum fault current.And, according to the fault characteristic of circuit and impedance situation, further regulate the parameter of high temperature superconductor coil, can reach better current limitation effect.
Claims (8)
1. a short-circuit fault current limiter, is characterized in that described short-circuit fault current limiter is by the first diode (D
1), the second diode (D
2), the 3rd diode (D
3) and the 4th diode (D
4) rectifier bridge, the first protective resistance (Rv), high temperature superconductor coil (SL), switching tube (K), direct current reactor (Lb), the second protective resistance (Ra) and the protection diode (Da) of composition form; The first diode (D
1) and the second diode (D
2) tie point be the first interchange end A, the 3rd diode (D
3) and the 4th diode (D
4) tie point be the second interchange end B, the first diode (D
1) and the 3rd diode (D
3) tie point be the first DC terminal M, the second diode (D
2) and the 4th diode (D
4) tie point be the second DC terminal N; The first protective resistance (Rv), switching tube (K) are in parallel with high temperature superconductor coil (SL), and this parallel branch is connected between the second DC terminal N and the 3rd DC terminal P of rectifier bridge; The series arm of the second protective resistance (Ra) and protection diode (Da) is in parallel with direct current reactor (Lb), and this parallel branch is connected between the first DC terminal M and the 3rd DC terminal P of rectifier bridge.
2. according to short-circuit fault current limiter claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described short-circuit fault current limiter and AC power (U
aC), load impedance (R
l) and the series arm of circuit breaker (SW) be connected to first of described rectifier bridge and exchange end A and second and exchange between end B.
3. according to short-circuit fault current limiter claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the high temperature superconductor coil (SL) of described short-circuit fault current limiter adopts the naked band coiling of YBCO belt material of high temperature superconduct, adopt the skeleton of epoxy cylinder as coil, adopt solenoid winding method; Direct current reactor (Lb) is superconducting coil or the common reactor winding of superconducting tape coiling by Bi; Direct current reactor (Lb) and high temperature superconductor coil (SL) are immersed in liquid nitrogen works.
4. according to short-circuit fault current limiter claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the high temperature superconductor coil (SL) of described short-circuit fault current limiter is equivalent to inductance (L
sL) and variable resistor (R
sL) series circuit.
5. according to the short-circuit fault current limiter described in claim 1,3 or 4, it is characterized in that short-circuit fault current limiter described in three is connected on respectively and in three-phase system, form three phase short circuit fault flow restricter; Short-circuit fault current limiter seals in A cross streams power supply (Ua), A phase circuit breaker (SWa) and A phase load impedance (R
la) between, composition A phase short trouble current-limiting circuit; Short-circuit fault current limiter seals in B cross streams power supply (Ub), B phase circuit breaker (SWb) and B phase load impedance (R
lb) between, composition B phase short trouble current-limiting circuit; Short-circuit fault current limiter seals in C cross streams power supply (Uc), C phase circuit breaker (SWc) and C phase load impedance (R
lc) between, composition C phase short trouble current-limiting circuit.
6. according to the short-circuit fault current limiter described in claim 1,3 or 4, it is characterized in that described short-circuit fault current limiter is connected in parallel on the secondary winding of coupling transformer (TR), the two ends of the secondary winding of coupling transformer (TR) connect respectively the first interchange end A and exchange end B with second; The former limit winding of coupling transformer (TR) seals in AC power (Uac), circuit breaker (SW) and load impedance (R
l) series circuit, form with the short-circuit fault current limiter of coupling transformer.
7. according to short-circuit fault current limiter claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that the short-circuit fault current limiter with coupling transformer described in three is connected on respectively the three phase short circuit fault flow restricter forming in three-phase system; Coupling short-circuit fault current limiter is made up of three-phase commutation bridge, A, B, C coupling transformer (Tra, Trb, Trc), the first protective resistance (Rv), high temperature superconductor coil (SL), switching tube (K), direct current reactor (Lb), the second protective resistance (Ra) and protection diode (Da); The first diode (D
1), the second diode (D
2) ..., the 8th diode (D
8) the described three-phase commutation bridge of composition; In described three phase short circuit fault flow restricter, the first diode (D
1) and the second diode (D
2) by tie point W series connection, the 3rd diode (D
3) and the 4th diode (D
4) by tie point V series connection, the 5th diode (D
5) and the 6th diode (D
6) by tie point U series connection, the 7th diode (D
7) and the 8th diode (D
8) connect by tie point G1; The first diode (D
1), the 3rd diode (D
3), the 5th diode (D
5) and the 7th diode (D
7) be connected to the first DC terminal M above, the second diode (D
2), the 4th diode (D
4), the 6th diode (D
6) and the 8th diode (D
8) be connected on the second DC terminal N; The first protective resistance (Rv), switching tube (K) are in parallel with high temperature superconductor coil (SL); parallel branch is connected between the second DC terminal N and the 3rd DC terminal P of rectifier bridge; the series arm of the second protective resistance (Ra) and protection diode (Da) is in parallel with direct current reactor (Lb), and parallel branch is connected between the first DC terminal M and the 3rd DC terminal P of rectifier bridge.
8. according to short-circuit fault current limiter claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that the be coupled secondary winding of transformer (Tra) of described A is connected between tie point U and tie point G1, the be coupled secondary winding of transformer (Trb) of described B is connected between tie point V and tie point G1, and the be coupled secondary winding of transformer (Trc) of described C is connected between tie point W and tie point G1; The former limit winding of the coupling transformer of A, B, C three-phase is connected on respectively between three phase mains (Ua), (Ub), (Uc) and three-phase breaker (Swa), (SWb), (SWc), and with threephase load impedance (R
la), (R
lb), (R
lc) series connection; Threephase load impedance (R
la), (R
lb), (R
lc) and three phase mains (Ua), (Ub), (Uc) be connected on earth point G.
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| CN102684179B (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2014-12-24 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Hybrid short-circuit failure current limiter |
| CN102709942B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2015-04-29 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Wind power station LVRT (low voltage ride through) device and control method thereof |
| CN103971965B (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2015-12-23 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of device and control method thereof making line current disjunction |
| CN105140963B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-11-17 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Double-fed wind power generator system and low-voltage ride-through method based on failure current limit control |
| CN105470911B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-12-28 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of direct current limiter |
| CN109193597B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2022-09-27 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | High-temperature superconducting direct current limiter for short-circuit fault of direct current system |
| CN109586260A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-04-05 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of resistance sense type capacitor commutation blended learning and its control method |
| CN111244921A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-05 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Hybrid direct current superconducting current limiter and short-circuit current limiting method |
| CN113555860B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2022-08-19 | 国网甘肃省电力公司 | Improved bridge type superconducting fault current limiter and resistance value adjusting method thereof |
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| CN1756021A (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2006-04-05 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of short-circuit fault current limiter |
| CN1845413A (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2006-10-11 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Short-circuit fault current limiter |
| CN101126787A (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2008-02-20 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Superconducting coil quench detection method |
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| CN1756021A (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2006-04-05 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of short-circuit fault current limiter |
| CN1845413A (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2006-10-11 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Short-circuit fault current limiter |
| CN101126787A (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2008-02-20 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Superconducting coil quench detection method |
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