CN102064281A - Organic photovoltaic battery with cesium acetate as cathode modification layer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic photovoltaic battery with cesium acetate as cathode modification layer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an organic photovoltaic battery with a cesium acetate cathode modification layer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of organic photoelectricity. The organic photovoltaic battery comprises a transparent conducting substrate 1, an anode buffer layer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) 2, an active layer 3, a cathode modification layer 4 and a metal back electrode layer 5. The preparation method comprises the following steps: cleaning the transparent conducting substrate, and drying; spin coating the PEDOT:PSS anode buffer layer 2 on the transparent conducting substrate 1, and drying; spin coating the organic active layer 3 on the PEDOT:PSS anode buffer layer 2, and drying; depositing the cesium acetate cathode modification layer 4 on the active layer 3; and coating the metal back electrode layer 5 by a thermal evaporation method on the cesium acetate cathode modification layer 4. In the invention, the cesium acetate is applied as a cathode modification layer of an organic photovoltaic device by a thermal evaporation or solution spin coating method. Compared with the traditional inorganic salt lithium fluoride (LiF) cathode modification layer, the cesium acetate organic salt as the cathode modification layer can form better interfacial contact with the active layer, thereby remarkably improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability of the organic photovoltaic battery devices.
Description
[technical field]:
The present invention relates to the organic photoelectric field, relating in particular to a kind of is the organic photovoltaic battery and preparation method thereof of cathodic modification layer with the cesium acetate.
[background technology]:
Along with exhausting of global petroleum resources, the exploitation of new forms of energy seems and becomes more and more important.Solar cell is the device that luminous energy is converted into electric energy.As a feasible method that solves the world energy sources crisis, the utilization of solar energy becomes the frontier nature problem of a broad research.Therefore, greatly develop the solar cell industry, utilize solar power generation to become the new forms of energy strategy of countries in the world sustainable economic development.Scholarly forecast, to the year two thousand thirty photovoltaic generation will account for 50% of world generating total amount.The research and development of solar cell launch around following two key issues all the time: (1) improves photoelectric conversion efficiency and life-span (2) new material prepares to reduce cost.Up to the present, be the conversion efficiency that the photovoltaic cell of representative can reach 10-20% usually with the inorganic silicon material.Yet inorganic photovoltaic cell required high temperature, high vacuum in preparation process makes that the production cost of inorganic photovoltaic cell is very high, and this makes its application be very restricted.
1992, N.Sariciftci etc. found the ultrafast charge transfer phenomenon of the photoinduction between polymer/C60 first.Nineteen ninety-five A.J.Heeger etc. has proposed " body heterojunction " notion (BHJ), and " body heterojunction " type single polymer layer/C60 photovoltaic cell of invention has improved the contact area of D/A heterojunction greatly.And conjugated polymer/C60 body heterojunction solar cell is because simple in structure, easy preparation has caused people's extensive concern.Around the efficient that improves organic photovoltaic battery, the optimization people that leniently absorb, the design of narrow band gap polymer are synthesized to device architecture have carried out a large amount of exploratory developments.To have made energy conversion efficiency (PCE) be 3.3% polymer solar battery to C.J.Brabec in 2002 etc. by insert the LiF material between metal electrode and active layer, again energy conversion efficiency brought up to 3.85% in 2004.Professor A.J.Heeger of University of California at Santa Barbara in 2005 waits and has obtained 5% efficient by heat treatment P3HT:PCBM active layer.K.Lee in 2007 etc. have reported and have adopted transparent TiOx as the heterojunction that the cascade material forms laminated construction machine battery to be arranged that efficient is up to 6.5%.Adding oleic acid (oleic acid) and heat treatment in P3HT:PCBM after, Cao of South China Science ﹠ Engineering University a large bell academician seminar obtained 4.3% electricity conversion.On December 9th, 2008, Konarka company announces that the said firm has cooperated to obtain 6% conversion efficiency with A J Heeger seminar.On August 1st, 2010, Solarmer Energy announces that Li doctor Gang of the said firm leader's seminar has obtained the conversion efficiency of 8.13% organic polymer photovoltaic cell, and passes through the confirmation in American National regenerative resource laboratory (NREL).The efficient of the heterojunction battery that novel receptor the material ICBA and the P3HT of Beijing chemistry Li Yongfang of institute professor seminar of Chinese Academy of Sciences report formed reaches 6.5%.Organic photovoltaic battery with low, nontoxic, the easy preparation of its cost, be easy to the chemical constitution that realizes flexible device, can change organic material easily and effectively with control best can band, charge mobility, solubility even degree of orientation improve the characteristics such as efficient of battery and become hot research in recent years.If the photoelectric conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic battery reaches 10%, just might realize commercially producing.
Device architecture is to influence the key factor that the photocell energy conversion efficiency improves.Solar cell performance can obtain in various degree improvement by electrode modification or other modifying interfaces.The purpose of electrode modification layer is that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) that makes its work function and donor material or the minimum not occupied orbital (LUMO) of acceptor material are complementary, to improve the electric charge ejection efficiency and to stop the transmission of exciton and non-collection charge carrier.Comparatively general cathodic modification material is a metal fluoride at present.Brabec etc. have studied influence (Brabec, the C.J. of lithium fluoride (LiF) cathodic modification layer to polymer solar battery; Shaheen, S.E.; Winder, C.; Sariciftci, N.S.; Denk, P.Appl.Phys.Lett.2002,80,1288).The insertion of LiF has increased fill factor, curve factor, short circuit current and the energy conversion efficiency of device, has reduced the series resistance of device.This is because LiF itself is the stronger ionic compound of a kind of polarity.It may be arranged in order on the interface and form a bed boundary dipole layer, thereby has reduced the work function of metal, makes to form good Ohmic contact between organic layer and the electrode.So just reduce the series resistance of device, increased the fill factor, curve factor and the short circuit current of solar cell.Other decorative material comprises TiOx (Hayakawa, A.; Yoshikawa, O.; Fujieda, T.; Uehara, K.; Yoshikawa, S.Appl.Phys.Lett.2007,90,163517), 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthrolene (BCP, bathocproine) (Vogel, M.; Doka, S.; Breyer, C.; Lux-Steiner, M.C.; Fostiropoulos, K.Appl.Phys.Lett.2006,89,163501).These inorganic matters (LiF, TiO
x) film forming need use expensive electron beam and vacuum deposition apparatus, method is comparatively complicated, and thickness is difficult for accurately control.Organic material BCP need be by the method film forming of vacuum evaporation, and thickness is relevant with experiment condition, costs an arm and a leg, can't large-area preparation.Angle from practicability is unfavorable for industrialized mass production.Li Yongfang etc. have studied influence (Tan, the Z. of solwution method TIPD cathodic modification layer to MEH-PPV photovoltaic cell device performance; Yang, C.; Zhou, E.; Wang, X.; Li.Y.Appl.Phys.Lett.2007,91,023509).At AM1.5G (100mW/cm
2) under the illumination, Jsc, Voc, FF, PCE are respectively by original 4.29mA/cm
2, 0.84V, 0.46,1.66% increases to 5.73mA/cm
2, 0.87V, 0.51,2.52%.Lee etc. are complementary the spatial distribution of light and the position of active layer as optical confinement layer with the TiOx of solution methods preparation, increase the absorption of light, help to improve the photoelectric current of device.Under AM1.5 illumination, Jsc, Voc, FF, η p are respectively by original 7.5mA/cm
2, 0.51V, 0.54,2.3% increases to 11.1mA/cm
2, 0.61V, 0.66,5% (Kim, J.Y.; Kim, S.H.; Lee, H.H.; Lee, K.; Ma, W.; Gong, X.; Heeger, A.J.Adv.Mater.2006,18,572).Therefore, seek cheap cathodic modification layer material or the machinable cathodic modification layer material of solution and just become problem demanding prompt solution in the organic photovoltaic battery preparation.
[summary of the invention]:
It is the preparation method of the organic photovoltaic battery of cathodic modification layer with the cesium acetate that purpose of the present invention provides a kind of.
Provided by the invention is the organic photovoltaic battery of cathodic modification layer with the cesium acetate, and concrete structure comprises as shown in Figure 1 successively:
1), electrically conducting transparent substrate (1);
2), be positioned at anode buffer layer PEDOT:PSS (2) on the above-mentioned electro-conductive glass anode layer (1);
3), be positioned at active layer (3) on the above-mentioned anode buffer layer PEDOT:PSS (2);
4), be positioned at the cathodic modification layer (4) on the above-mentioned active layer (3), described cathodic modification layer (4) can be deposited on by the method for hot evaporation or solution spin coating on the active layer (3);
5), be positioned at metal back electrode (5) on the above-mentioned cathodic modification layer (4).
Above-mentioned electrically conducting transparent substrate (1) is glass or the flexible substrate that has ITO, FTO and AZO conductive layer.The thickness x of cesium acetate cathodic modification layer (4) is 0.2≤x≤1nm.
Above-mentioned organic photovoltaic battery preparation of devices method may further comprise the steps:
(1) cleans electrically conducting transparent substrate and oven dry;
(2) in air or under inert gas shielding, go up spin coating PEDOT:PSS anode buffer layer (2), drying at transparent conducting glass substrate (1);
(3) organic active layer (3) in PEDOT:PSS anode buffer layer (2) spin coating, drying;
(4) method by hot evaporation or solution spin coating is deposited on cesium acetate cathodic modification layer (4) on the active layer (3);
(5) go up the way evaporation metal back electrode (5) that adopts hot evaporation at cesium acetate cathodic modification layer (4).
Cesium acetate cathodic modification layer (4) can be deposited on the active layer (3) by the method for hot evaporation or solution spin coating.The solvent of spin coating cesium acetate cathodic modification layer is an absolute ethyl alcohol.Concentration is 0.01-0.5mg/mL.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect:
The invention provides a kind of method by hot evaporation or solution spin coating with the cathodic modification layer of cesium acetate, thereby improved the electricity conversion of organic photovoltaic battery device and the method for stability significantly as device.Compare with respect to traditional inorganic lithium fluoride (LiF) cathodic modification layer, cesium acetate as the cathodic modification layer can and active layer between form more the good interface contact.Method by hot evaporation or solution spin coating can be simplified device making technics with cesium acetate as the cathodic modification layer of device, and cost is low, favorable reproducibility, the electricity conversion and the stability of raising device.Adopt solution processing not need the preparation condition of high vacuum, preparation condition is simple, is applicable to following large-scale drum-type (roll-to-roll) suitability for industrialized production organic solar batteries and assembly thereof.
[description of drawings]:
Fig. 1 be of the present invention be the structural representation of the organic photovoltaic battery of cathodic modification layer with the cesium acetate.
[embodiment]:
Embodiment
(1) ito glass of 3mm * 3mm is cleaned in cleaning agent repeatedly after, soak and ultrasonic cleaning, dried for standby in IR bake at last through isopropyl alcohol, acetone and chloroformic solution respectively again;
(2) in air or under inert gas shielding, spin coating anode buffer layer PEDOT:PSS on the transparent conducting glass substrate, drying is 10 minutes under 120 degree;
(3) spin coating organic active layer P3HT:PCBM on anode buffer layer PEDOT:PSS, dry 30min under 150 degree.
(4) utilize vacuum vapour deposition that the cathode buffer layer cesium acetate is made the film of thickness for 0.2nm.
(5) by the bar shaped mask plate, the Al of vacuum evaporation 100nm does back electrode on the cesium acetate layer.Thereby make the organic photovoltaic battery device, device architecture: ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PCBM/ cesium acetate/Al.Is the comparative device 1 of cathode buffer layer and the comparative device 2 that does not add any decorative layer with similar way preparation with LiF.
(8) after the device preparation is finished, with all bar shaped ito anode one termination ammeter positive poles, all bar shaped Al negative electrode one termination ammeter negative poles.Test result shows: the device that with the cesium acetate is cathode buffer layer is at AM1.5G (100mW/cm
2) under the illumination, Jsc, Voc, FF, PCE are respectively 12..2mA/cm
2, 0.63V, 58.4%, 4.3%.What prepare under similarity condition is that the comparative device of cathode buffer layer is at AM1.5G (100mW/cm with LiF
2) under the illumination, Jsc, Voc, FF, PCE are respectively 11.88mA/cm
2, 0.65V, 48%, 3.7%.The comparative device 2 that does not add any decorative layer is at AM1.5G (100mW/cm
2) under the illumination, Jsc, Voc, FF, PCE are respectively 6.89mA/cm
2, 0.56V, 56%, 2.1%.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is the organic photovoltaic battery of cathodic modification layer with the cesium acetate, it is characterized in that this organic photovoltaic battery comprises successively:
1), electrically conducting transparent substrate (1);
2), be positioned at anode buffer layer PEDOT:PSS (2) on the above-mentioned electrically conducting transparent substrate (1);
3), be positioned at active layer (3) on the above-mentioned anode buffer layer PEDOT:PSS (2);
4), be positioned at the cathodic modification layer (4) on the above-mentioned active layer (3), described cathodic modification layer (4) is the cesium acetate layer;
5), be positioned at metal back electrode (5) on the above-mentioned cathodic modification layer (4).
2. according to claim 1 is the organic photovoltaic battery of cathodic modification layer with the cesium acetate, it is characterized in that, described electrically conducting transparent substrate (1) is glass or the flexible substrate that has ITO, FTO and AZO conductive layer.
3. according to claim 2 is the organic photovoltaic battery of cathodic modification layer with the cesium acetate, it is characterized in that, the thickness x of cesium acetate cathodic modification layer (4) is 0.2≤x≤1.0nm.
4. a claim 1 is described is the preparation method of the organic photovoltaic battery of cathodic modification layer with the cesium acetate, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) cleans electrically conducting transparent substrate (1) and oven dry;
(2) in air or under inert gas shielding, go up spin coating anode buffer layer PEDOT:PSS (2), drying at electrically conducting transparent substrate (1);
(3) active layer (3) in anode buffer layer PEDOT:PSS (2) spin coating, drying;
(4) method by hot evaporation or solution spin coating is deposited on cesium acetate cathodic modification layer (4) on the active layer (3);
(5) go up the way evaporation metal back electrode (5) that adopts hot evaporation at cathodic modification layer (4).
5. according to claim 4 is the preparation method of the organic photovoltaic battery of cathodic modification layer with the cesium acetate, it is characterized in that, the solvent of described spin coating cesium acetate cathodic modification layer (4) solution is an absolute ethyl alcohol.
6. according to claim 5 is the preparation method of the organic photovoltaic battery of cathodic modification layer with the cesium acetate, it is characterized in that, the concentration of the cesium acetate ethanolic solution of described spin coating cathodic modification layer (4) is 0.01-0.5mg/mL.
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CN102931352A (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2013-02-13 | 天津理工大学 | Organic photovoltaic cell with cesium trifluoroacetate as cathode modification layer and preparation |
CN102931352B (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2015-01-28 | 天津理工大学 | Organic photovoltaic cell with cesium trifluoroacetate as cathode modification layer and preparation |
CN104167491A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-11-26 | 苏州大学 | Preparation method of metal oxide water-soluble film |
CN104167491B (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2017-10-17 | 苏州大学 | Preparation method of metal oxide water-soluble film |
CN104409638A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-03-11 | 无锡中洁能源技术有限公司 | Cathode-anode interface modified layer film material of solar cell and preparation method of cathode-anode interface modified layer film material |
CN105789453A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-07-20 | 南昌大学 | Self-assembly micromolecule with chlorine substituent and method for improving work content of electrode |
CN105789453B (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2018-08-17 | 南昌大学 | A method of the small molecule of self assembly containing chlorine substituent and for improving electrode work content |
CN109216553A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2019-01-15 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of CsSnI3Adulterate organic solar batteries and preparation method thereof |
CN109888099A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-06-14 | 西安理工大学 | High specific detecivity organic photodetector of quaternary wide spectrum and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20110518 |