CN102064227B - Structure for improving solar photoelectric conversion efficiency - Google Patents
Structure for improving solar photoelectric conversion efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN102064227B CN102064227B CN 201010547338 CN201010547338A CN102064227B CN 102064227 B CN102064227 B CN 102064227B CN 201010547338 CN201010547338 CN 201010547338 CN 201010547338 A CN201010547338 A CN 201010547338A CN 102064227 B CN102064227 B CN 102064227B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and structure for improving solar photoelectric conversion efficiency, and the method is characterized by splitting sunlight into light beams in different spectral ranges, respectively carrying out photoelectric conversion on the light beams in different spectral ranges by solar batteries of the corresponding materials, and making the most of photons in each spectral range to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency by using the property that the solar batteries of different materials have higher conversion rate on light beams in a certain spectral range. The method and structure in the invention can realize high photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar batteries, have low cost, and be convenient for realizing large scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of structure that improves the solar photoelectric transformation efficiency,, belong to the solar energy generation technology field.
Background technology
Solar-photovoltaic technology has been established its critical role at new energy field through the development of nearly decades.Greatly develop solar energy power generating and become the human important channel that solves the future source of energy problem.In industrial circle, the emphasis of current heliotechnics is still silicon solar cell, comprises polysilicon and amorphous silicon film battery etc.Because polysilicon and amorphous silicon film battery have relatively high conversion efficiency and relatively low cost, become gradually the leading products in market.As and if the hull cell of other kind is not very ripe owing to technology, and being difficult in a short time, substituted for silicon is solar cell.Present silicon be the high conversion efficiency of solar cell greatly about about 28%, want further to improve again very difficult.As everyone knows, improving conversion efficiency is to reduce the basic factor of solar energy power generating cost.Carry out battery material and the new battery structure of design that the high performance solar batteries technical research comprises that exploitation is new, be the focus in this field always.And wherein, the research of high-efficiency multi-junction solar cell technology is particularly noticeable.
General said high-efficiency multi-junction solar cell refers to for solar spectrum, chooses the semi-conducting material of different bandwidth at different spectral ranges and makes a plurality of solar subcells, at last this a little battery strings connection is formed multijunction solar cell.It is 200810207925 the disclosed multijunction solar cell of patent of invention " manufacture method of high-efficiency multi-junction solar cell " such as the patent No..Study at present more III-V family material system, such as InGaP/GaAs/Ge three junction batteries.Fraunhofer solar energy system research institute of German Research mechanism (Fraunhofer ISE) announces a few days ago, and they reach 41.1% solar photovoltaic conversion efficient first.Method is to make the sunlight light concentrating times reach 454 times, shines 5 mm
2On the multijunction solar cell that size, the semiconductor GaInP/GaInAs/Ge of III-V family make.Multijunction solar cell is through the development of nearly more than ten years, and it is widely used at space field, and the efficient record also constantly is refreshed.But multijunction solar cell is owing to problems such as Presence of an interface couplings, and the essential growth technology that adopts prepares at present, and requires high power concentrator to reach higher solar cell transformation efficiency.Owing to reasons such as costs, be difficult to be able to extensive ground and promote.Therefore realize high electricity conversion and low cost in the urgent need to the technology that develops a kind of tool large-scale production potentiality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of structure that improves the solar photoelectric transformation efficiency is provided.It can effectively realize the high electricity conversion of solar cell, and cost be lower under daily illumination condition, be convenient to realize large-scale production.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of method that improves the solar photoelectric transformation efficiency, it is characterized in that: by the incident sunlight being divided into the light beam of different spectral scope, photon for the different spectral scope, adopt the solar cell of respective material to carry out respectively photoelectric conversion, utilize the solar cell characteristic higher to the light beam conversion ratio of certain spectral range of different materials, fully absorb the photon of each spectral range of sunlight to improve electricity conversion.
In the method for aforesaid raising solar photoelectric transformation efficiency, sunlight is divided into the light beam of ultraviolet light, visible light and three spectral ranges of infrared light, and uses accordingly the solar cell of high energy gap, middle energy gap and narrow energy gap to absorb.
In the method for aforesaid raising solar photoelectric transformation efficiency, cutting apart by optical filter of described sunlight finished; Optical filter not only is the transmission sheet but also be reflector plate: can select the photon of a part of spectral range to carry out transmission, the photon of a part of spectral range reflects.
A kind of structure that improves the solar cell photoelectric transformation efficiency, it is characterized in that: it comprises the ground floor optical filter that is located in the incident direction of sunlight, the sunlight transmission direction of ground floor optical filter is provided with high energy gap solar cell, the sunlight reflection direction of ground floor optical filter is provided with second layer optical filter, the sunlight transmission direction of second layer optical filter is provided with middle energy gap solar cell, and the sunlight reflection direction of second layer optical filter is provided with narrow energy gap solar cell.
In the structure of aforesaid raising solar cell photoelectric transformation efficiency, the photon of described ground floor optical filter transmissive ultraviolet light spectrum scope photon and the following spectral range of light reflection ultraviolet; Second layer optical filter is the photon of visible light transmissive spectral range photon and the following spectral range of reflect visible light.Described ground floor optical filter is close to high energy gap solar cell, second layer optical filter is close to middle energy gap solar cell, and the entrance port of ground floor optical filter, second layer optical filter, narrow energy gap solar cell and sunlight forms the unit of a parallelogram sturcutre.
Compared with prior art, the present invention realizes best transmission and reflection by optical filter to selected spectral region, thereby realizes that different solar cell workings is in specific spectral region.The present invention can avoid lattice and the currents match problem in the multijunction solar cell, and can realize the combination in any of different materials solar cell.Use technical scheme of the present invention, can realize the high electricity conversion of solar cell 39%.And structure of the present invention is very simple, and cost is lower, is convenient to realize large-scale production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the application structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Mark in the accompanying drawing: 1-ground floor optical filter, the high energy gap solar cell of 2-, 3-second layer optical filter, energy gap solar cell among the 4-, the narrow energy gap solar cell of 5-.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but not as the foundation to the present invention's restriction.
Embodiment.A kind of method that improves the solar photoelectric transformation efficiency, it is by being divided into sunlight the light beam of different spectral scope, photon for the different spectral scope uses the solar cell of respective material to carry out respectively photoelectric conversion, utilize the solar cell character higher to the light beam conversion ratio of certain spectral range of different materials, take full advantage of photon in each spectral range of using up very much to improve electricity conversion.
The method of aforesaid raising solar photoelectric transformation efficiency specifically is divided into sunlight the light beam of ultraviolet light, visible light and three spectral ranges of infrared light, and uses accordingly the solar cell of high energy gap, middle energy gap and narrow energy gap to absorb.The solar cell that the solar cell of high energy gap, middle energy gap and narrow energy gap is namely made by high energy gap, middle energy gap and narrow gap material respectively.
Cutting apart by optical filter of aforementioned sunlight finished; Optical filter is reflector plate or filter, can select the photon of a part of spectral range to carry out transmission, and the photon of a part of spectral range reflects.
Realize a kind of structure that improves the solar cell photoelectric transformation efficiency of preceding method, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises the ground floor optical filter 1 that is located in the incident direction of sunlight, the sunlight transmission direction of ground floor optical filter 1 is provided with high energy gap solar cell 2, the sunlight reflection direction of ground floor optical filter 1 is provided with second layer optical filter 3, the sunlight transmission direction of second layer optical filter 3 is provided with middle energy gap solar cell 4, and the sunlight reflection direction of second layer optical filter 3 is provided with narrow energy gap solar cell 5.High energy gap solar cell 2, the solar cell that middle energy gap solar cell 4 and narrow energy gap solar cell 5 are namely made by high energy gap, middle energy gap and narrow gap material respectively.
The photon of described ground floor optical filter 1 transmissive ultraviolet light spectrum scope photon and the following spectral range of light reflection ultraviolet; Second layer optical filter 3 is the photon of visible light transmissive spectral range photon and the following spectral range of reflect visible light.
The course of work: the path of sunlight is by shown in the arrow among Fig. 1, and sunlight A, B and C represent respectively ultraviolet light, visible light and three spectral range sunlights of infrared light.Sunlight is at first by ground floor optical filter 1, and this moment, the photon of ultraviolet spectral range saw through that ground floor optical filter 1 is rear to be absorbed by high energy gap solar cell 2 and be converted into electric energy; All the other frequency spectrum photons are launched and continue to enter second layer optical filter 3, and the photon of visible light spectrum scope is selected to see through by second layer optical filter 3, and middle energy gap solar cell 4 absorptions that are arranged on behind the second layer optical filter 3 are converted into electric energy; The photon of remaining infrared spectrum is reflexed to absorb on the narrow energy gap solar cell 5 by second layer optical filter 3 and is converted into electric energy at last.During use, structure as shown in Figure 1 can be carried out polylith and arrange side by side, form the solar cell of full wafer, structure as shown in Figure 2.
Claims (1)
1. structure that improves the solar cell photoelectric transformation efficiency, it is characterized in that: it comprises the ground floor optical filter (1) that is located in the incident direction of sunlight, the sunlight transmission direction of ground floor optical filter (1) is provided with high energy gap solar cell (2), the sunlight reflection direction of ground floor optical filter (1) is provided with second layer optical filter (3), the sunlight transmission direction of second layer optical filter (3) is provided with middle energy gap solar cell (4), and the sunlight reflection direction of second layer optical filter (3) is provided with narrow energy gap solar cell (5); The photon of described ground floor optical filter (1) ultraviolet transmissive spectral range photon and the following spectral range of light reflection ultraviolet; Second layer optical filter (3) is the photon of visible light transmissive spectral range photon and the following spectral range of reflect visible light; Described ground floor optical filter (1) is close to high energy gap solar cell (2), second layer optical filter (3) is close to middle energy gap solar cell (4), and the entrance port of ground floor optical filter (1), second layer optical filter (3), narrow energy gap solar cell (5) and sunlight forms the unit of a parallelogram sturcutre.
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| CN102064227B true CN102064227B (en) | 2013-01-23 |
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| CN101290951A (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2008-10-22 | 复旦大学 | Method and device of integrated photovoltaic conversion of solar energy of multiple spectral regions |
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| CN101290951A (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2008-10-22 | 复旦大学 | Method and device of integrated photovoltaic conversion of solar energy of multiple spectral regions |
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