CN102062978A - Liquid crystal display panel - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种液晶显示面板,且特别是有关于一种可改善暗线现象的液晶显示面板。The invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel, and in particular to a liquid crystal display panel capable of improving dark line phenomenon.
背景技术Background technique
随着显示科技的蓬勃发展,消费大众对于显示器显像品质的要求越来越高。消费大众除了对显示器的解析度(resolution)、对比(contrast ratio)、视角(viewing angle)、灰阶反转(grey level inversion)、色饱和度(color saturation)的规格有所要求外,对显示器的反应时间(response time)的规格要求亦日渐提高。With the vigorous development of display technology, consumers have higher and higher requirements for display image quality. In addition to the requirements for the resolution, contrast ratio, viewing angle, gray level inversion, and color saturation of the display, the consumers also have high requirements for the display. The specification requirements of the response time (response time) are also increasing day by day.
为了满足消费大众的需求,显示器相关业者纷纷投入具有快速应答特性的蓝相(blue phase)液晶显示器的开发。以正型蓝相(blue phase)液晶为例,其需要一横向电场来进行操作以使其具有光阀的功能。目前已经有人采用共面转换IPS(In-Plane Switching)显示面板的电极设计来驱动蓝相(blue phase)液晶显示器中的正型蓝相液晶分子。In order to meet the needs of consumers, display related companies have invested in the development of blue phase liquid crystal displays with fast response characteristics. Taking the positive blue phase liquid crystal as an example, it requires a transverse electric field to operate so that it can function as a light valve. At present, some people have used the electrode design of the in-plane switching IPS (In-Plane Switching) display panel to drive the positive blue phase liquid crystal molecules in the blue phase (blue phase) liquid crystal display.
然而,在传统共面转换显示面板的电极设计中,其电极上方有许多区域不具有横向电场,而使得蓝相(blue phase)液晶显示器中有许多液晶分子无法被顺利驱动,进而导致暗线现象的产生。承上述,如何改善蓝相(blue phase)液晶显示器中暗线的现象,实为研发者所欲解决的问题之一。However, in the electrode design of the traditional coplanar switching display panel, there are many areas above the electrode without a transverse electric field, so that many liquid crystal molecules in the blue phase liquid crystal display cannot be driven smoothly, which leads to the dark line phenomenon. produce. Based on the above, how to improve the phenomenon of dark lines in blue phase LCDs is actually one of the problems that developers want to solve.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种液晶显示面板,其可改善公知液晶显示面板中的暗线现象。The invention provides a liquid crystal display panel, which can improve the dark line phenomenon in the known liquid crystal display panel.
本发明提出一种液晶显示面板,其包括基板、设置在基板上的多个像素结构、位于基板对向侧的对向基板以及位于基板与对向基板之间的液晶层。每一像素结构包括扫描线、数据线、主动元件、像素电极以及共用电极。主动元件与扫描线以及数据线电性连接。像素电极与主动元件电性连接。共用电极与像素电极电性绝缘且彼此交替设置。像素电极与共用电极分别是由下电极以及位于下电极上的上电极所构成,且上电极的宽度(W1)小于下电极的宽度(W2)。液晶层包括液晶分子,其中液晶分子在电场中具有光学异向性且在无电场条件下为光学等向性。The present invention provides a liquid crystal display panel, which includes a substrate, a plurality of pixel structures arranged on the substrate, an opposite substrate on the opposite side of the substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the substrate and the opposite substrate. Each pixel structure includes scan lines, data lines, active elements, pixel electrodes and common electrodes. The active element is electrically connected with the scan line and the data line. The pixel electrode is electrically connected with the active device. The common electrodes are electrically insulated from the pixel electrodes and arranged alternately with each other. The pixel electrode and the common electrode are respectively composed of a lower electrode and an upper electrode located on the lower electrode, and the width ( W1 ) of the upper electrode is smaller than the width ( W2 ) of the lower electrode. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules, wherein the liquid crystal molecules have optical anisotropy in an electric field and are optically isotropic under the condition of no electric field.
基于上述,在本发明的液晶显示面板中,通过像素电极以及共用电极的特殊设计,使得液晶显示面板中无横向电场的区域比例降低。如此一来,位于液晶显示面板中的液晶分子未被驱动的机率则可降低,进而改善了公知液晶面板中暗线的现象。Based on the above, in the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention, through the special design of the pixel electrode and the common electrode, the proportion of the area without a transverse electric field in the liquid crystal display panel is reduced. In this way, the probability that the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal display panel are not driven can be reduced, thereby improving the phenomenon of dark lines in the conventional liquid crystal display panel.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一实施例的液晶显示面板剖面示意图;1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是图1的液晶显示面板的基板的俯视图;FIG. 2 is a top view of a substrate of the liquid crystal display panel of FIG. 1;
图3A、图3B、图3C、图3D为本发明一实施例的局部像素结构剖面示意图;3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D are schematic cross-sectional views of a local pixel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明一实施例的像素电极与共用电极间的电力线分布示意图;4 is a schematic diagram of distribution of electric force lines between a pixel electrode and a common electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为公知液晶显示面板与本发明一实施例的液晶显示面板的驱动电压与透光度的关系示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between driving voltage and light transmittance of a conventional liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
其中,附图标记Among them, reference signs
100:液晶显示面板 110:基板100: Liquid crystal display panel 110: Substrate
120:像素结构 122:像素电极120: Pixel structure 122: Pixel electrode
122’:条状像素电极图案 122a、124a:上电极122': strip
122b、124b:下电极 124:共用电极122b, 124b: Lower electrode 124: Common electrode
124’:条状共用电极图案 130:液晶层124': Strip common electrode pattern 130: Liquid crystal layer
132:液晶分子 140:对向基板132: Liquid crystal molecules 140: Counter substrate
SL:扫描线 DL:数据线SL: scan line DL: data line
T:主动元件 G:栅极T: Active component G: Gate
CH:通道 S:源极CH: Channel S: Source
D:漏极 GI、BP:绝缘层D: Drain GI, BP: Insulation layer
TH:接触窗 W:间距TH: Contact window W: Spacing
W1、W2:宽度 S1、S2、S3、S4:表面W1, W2: Width S1, S2, S3, S4: Surface
E1、E2:电场 Ta、Tb、Tc、Td、Te:透光度E1, E2: electric field Ta, Tb, Tc, Td, Te: transmittance
Va、Vb、Vc、Vd、Ve:饱和电压Va, Vb, Vc, Vd, Ve: saturation voltage
具体实施方式Detailed ways
图1是根据本发明一实施例的液晶显示面板的剖面示意图。图2是图1的液晶显示面板的基板的俯视图。图1及图2仅绘示出此液晶显示面板的其中一个像素结构为例来说明。一般而言,液晶显示面板是由多个阵列排列的像素结构所构成,本领域技术人员根据本说明书以及附图的说明应当可以了解本发明所述的液晶显示面板的结构。请同时参照图1以及图2,本实施例的液晶显示面板100包括基板110、多个像素结构120、液晶层130以及对向基板140。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of a substrate of the liquid crystal display panel of FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 only show one pixel structure of the liquid crystal display panel as an example for illustration. Generally speaking, a liquid crystal display panel is composed of a plurality of pixel structures arranged in an array, and those skilled in the art should be able to understand the structure of the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention according to the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings. Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 at the same time. The liquid
基板110主要是用来承载像素结构120之用,其材质可为玻璃、石英、有机聚合物、或是不透光/反射材料(例如:导电材料、晶圆、陶瓷、或其它可适用的材料)、或是其它可适用的材料。The
多个像素结构120设置在基板110上。本实施例的每一像素结构120可包括扫描线SL、数据线DL、主动元件T、像素电极122以及共用电极124。A plurality of
扫描线SL以及数据线DL设置在基板110上。扫描线SL与数据线DL彼此交错设置。换言之,数据线DL的延伸方向与扫描线SL的延伸方向不平行,较佳的是,数据线DL的延伸方向与扫描线SL的延伸方向垂直。另外,扫描线SL与数据线DL属于不同的膜层。基于导电性的考虑,扫描线SL与数据线DL一般是使用金属材料。但,本发明不限于此,根据其他实施例,扫描线SL与数据线DL也可以使用其他导电材料。例如:合金、金属材料的氮化物、金属材料的氧化物、金属材料的氮氧化物、或是金属材料与其它导材料的堆叠层。The scan lines SL and the data lines DL are disposed on the
主动元件T与扫描线SL以及数据线DL电性连接。更详细而言,本实施例的主动元件T可包括栅极G、通道CH、源极S以及漏极D。在本实施例中,扫描线SL的部分区域是作为栅极G。通道CH位于栅极G的上方。数据线DL的部分区域是作为源极S。源极S以及漏极D位于通道CH的上方。上述的主动元件T是以底部栅极型薄膜晶体管为例来说明,但本发明不限于此。根据其他实施例,上述的主动元件T也可是以顶部栅极型薄膜晶体管。根据本实施例,主动元件T的栅极G上方更覆盖有绝缘层GI,其又可称为栅极绝缘层。另外,在主动元件T的上方更覆盖有另一绝缘层BP,其又可称为保护层。绝缘层GI、BP的材料可为无机材料(例如:氧化硅、氮化硅、氮氧化硅、或上述至少二种材料的堆叠层)、有机材料或上述的组合。The active device T is electrically connected to the scan line SL and the data line DL. In more detail, the active device T of this embodiment may include a gate G, a channel CH, a source S and a drain D. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, a part of the scanning line SL is used as the gate G. The channel CH is located above the gate G. Part of the area of the data line DL is used as the source S. The source S and the drain D are located above the channel CH. The above-mentioned active device T is illustrated by taking a bottom-gate thin film transistor as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. According to other embodiments, the above-mentioned active device T may also be a top-gate thin film transistor. According to this embodiment, the gate G of the active device T is further covered with an insulating layer GI, which may also be called a gate insulating layer. In addition, another insulation layer BP is further covered on the active device T, which can also be called a protection layer. The materials of the insulating layers GI and BP can be inorganic materials (such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or a stacked layer of at least two of the above materials), organic materials, or a combination thereof.
像素电极122设置在基板110上,且与主动元件T的漏极D电性连接。根据本实施例,像素电极122是设置在绝缘层GI上,且像素电极122是通过接触窗TH而与主动元件T的漏极D电性连接。像素电极122包括金属氧化物导电材料、金属或其组合。在本实施例中,像素电极122例如是铟锡氧化物、铟锌氧化物、铝锡氧化物、铝锌氧化物、铟锗锌氧化物、其它合适的氧化物、钼(Mo)、钽(Ta)、铬(Cr)、钨(W)、铝(Al)、其它合适的金属、或者是上述至少二者的堆叠层。The
共用电极124设置在基板110上,其与像素电极122电性绝缘。特别是,共用电极124与像素电极122彼此交替设置。详细而言,共用电极124可包括多个条状共用电极图案124’,像素电极122可包括多个条状像素电极图案122’,且这些条状像素电极图案124’、122’彼此交替设置,如图2中所示。The
此外,每一条状像素电极图案122’可由其下电极122b以及位于下电极122b之上的上电极122a所构成,而每一条状共用电极图案124’亦可由其下电极124b以及位于下电极124b之上的上电极124a所构成。在本实施例中,共用电极124可使用的材料与像素电极122可使用的材料类似,在此便不再重述。In addition, each strip-shaped
值得一提的是,上电极122a、124a与下电极122b、124b所使用的材料可相同或不相同。较佳的是,下电极122b、124b所使用的材料为一透光材料,例如铟锡氧化物或是其他金属氧化物,上电极122a、124a所使用的材料为一金属材料,例如钼(Mo)或是其他金属。但,本发明并不以此为限。It is worth mentioning that the materials used for the
对向基板140位于基板100的对向侧。在本实施例中,对向基板140例如为一彩色滤光片基板,其可包括彩色滤光片以及黑色矩阵层。但,本发明并不以此为限,在其他实施例中,对向基板140亦可为其他适当类型的基板。The
液晶层130位于基板100与对向基板140之间,其适于作为一光阀。液晶层130包括液晶分子132。特别地是,液晶分子132在一电场中具有光学异向性(anisotropic)且在无电场条件下为光学等向性(isotropic)。举例而言,液晶分子132例如为蓝相(blue phase)液晶分子,当施加一电场于其上时,其具有光学异向性(anisotropic),而当无电场施加于其上时,其为光学等向性(isotropic)。The
换句话说,可通过外加电场的大小来瞬间地改变蓝相(blue phase)液晶分子的光学特性,故采用蓝相(blue phase)液晶分子的液晶面板100可具有较佳的反应时间(response time)表现。但,本发明的液晶分子132并不以此为限,在其他实施例中,液晶分子亦可是正型液晶分子或其他合适的液晶分子。In other words, the optical properties of the blue phase liquid crystal molecules can be changed instantaneously by the magnitude of the applied electric field, so the
图3A为沿着图2中的剖线I-I’所绘示的局部像素结构剖面示意图。请同时参照图2及图3A,在本实施例中,像素电极122是由下电极122b以及位于其下电极122b上的上电极122a所构成,而共用电极124亦是由下电极124b以及位于其下电极124b上的上电极124a所构成。值得特别注意的是,下电极122b、124b的宽度W2比上电极122a、124a的宽度W1大。较佳地是,上电极122a、124a的宽度W1与下电极122b、124b的宽度W2的比例W1/W2介于0.4~0.8,其中最佳范围为0.45~0.65。FIG. 3A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a local pixel structure along the section line II' in FIG. 2 . Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3A at the same time. In this embodiment, the
举例而言,上电极122a、124a的宽度W1可为3微米,而下电极122b、124b的宽度W2可为4~7微米。更具体地说,在一实施例中,上电极122a、124a的宽度W1可为3微米,下电极122b、124b的宽度W2可为4微米,如图3A所示。在另一实施例中,上电极122a、124a的宽度W1可为3微米,下电极122b、124b的宽度W2可为5微米,如图3B所示。在又一实施例中,上电极122a、124a的宽度W1可为3微米,下电极122b、124b的宽度W2可为6微米,如图3C所示。在再一实施例中,上电极122a、124a的宽度W1可为3微米,下电极122b、124b的宽度W2可为7微米,如图3D所示。For example, the width W1 of the
另外,在本实施例中,这些条状像素电极图案122’与邻近的条状共用电极图案124’之间的间距W皆相同,如图2中所示。举例而言,像素电极122图案与邻近的条状共用电极124图案之间的间距W例如为3微米,如图3A、图3B、图3C及图3D所示。但,本发明并不以此为限,在其他实施例中,像素电极122图案与邻近的条状共用电极124图案之间的间距W亦可为其他适当的间距。In addition, in this embodiment, the spacing W between these strip-shaped
图4为本发明一实施例的像素电极与共用电极间的电力线分布示意图。请参照图4,像素电极122的下电极122b的侧表面S1与邻近的共用电极124的下电极124b的侧表面S2之间具有第一横向电场E1。像素电极122的下电极122b的上表面S3与邻近的共用电极124的下电极124b的上表面S4之间具有第二横向电场E2。换而言之,通过本实施例的像素电极122与共用电极124的设计,可使像素电极122正上方、共用电极124正上方以及像素电极122与共用电极124之间无横向电场的区域比例降低。如此一来,位于像素电极122、共用电极124正上方以及像素电极122与共用电极124之间的液晶分子132则有较高的机率被驱动,进而改善公知液晶显示面板中暗线的现象。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of distribution of electric force lines between a pixel electrode and a common electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4 , there is a first lateral electric field E1 between the side surface S1 of the
图5为公知液晶显示面板与本发明一实施例的液晶显示面板的驱动电压与透光度的关系示意图。请参照图5,图5中的曲线a代表公知液晶显示面板的驱动电压与透光度的关系。曲线b、c、d、e代表本发明一实施例的液晶显示面板的驱动电压与透光度的关系。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between driving voltage and light transmittance of a conventional liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 5 . Curve a in FIG. 5 represents the relationship between the driving voltage and the light transmittance of a conventional liquid crystal display panel. Curves b, c, d, and e represent the relationship between the driving voltage and the light transmittance of the liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
举例而言,曲线b代表液晶显示面板100的下电极122b、124b的宽度W2为4微米,上电极122a、124a的宽度W1为3微米以及像素电极122与共用电极124之间的间距W为3微米时的驱动电压与透光度的关系。曲线c代表液晶显示面板100的下电极122b、124b的宽度W2为5微米,上电极122a、124a的宽度W1为3微米以及像素电极122与共用电极124之间的间距W为3微米时的驱动电压与透光度的关系。曲线d代表液晶显示面板100的下电极122b、124b的宽度W2为6微米,上电极122a、124a的宽度W1为3微米以及像素电极122与共用电极124之间的间距W为3微米时的驱动电压与透光度的关系。曲线e代表液晶显示面板100的下电极122b、124b的宽度W2为7微米,上电极122a、124a的宽度W1为3微米以及像素电极122与共用电极124之间的间距W为3微米时的驱动电压与透光度的关系。For example, curve b represents that the width W2 of the
由图5可清楚地知道,本发明一实施例的液晶显示面板的最大透光度(transmittance)Tb、Tc、Td以及Te均较公知液晶面板的最大透光度Ta高。换句话说,本发明一实施例的像素结构设计可有效提升液晶面板透光度(transmittance)。特别是,当上电极(122a、124a)的宽度W1与下电极(122b、124b)的宽度W2的比例W1/W2介于0.45~0.65时,其提升液晶面板透光度(transmittance)的效果最佳。举例而言,相较于公知液晶显示面板,其可有效提升最大透光度(transmittance)约10%~15%。It can be seen clearly from FIG. 5 that the maximum transmittance Tb, Tc, Td and Te of the liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention are all higher than the maximum transmittance Ta of the known liquid crystal panel. In other words, the pixel structure design of an embodiment of the present invention can effectively improve the transmittance of the liquid crystal panel. Especially, when the ratio W1/W2 of the width W1 of the upper electrode (122a, 124a) to the width W2 of the lower electrode (122b, 124b) is between 0.45-0.65, the effect of improving the transmittance of the liquid crystal panel is the best. good. For example, compared with the known liquid crystal display panel, it can effectively increase the maximum transmittance by about 10%-15%.
此外,由图5亦可知,本发明一实施例的液晶显示面板的饱和电压(saturation voltage)Vb、Vc、Vd以及Ve均比公知液晶显示面板的饱和电压Va低。换句话说,本发明一实施例的液晶显示面板100可以较低的驱动电压驱动。也就是说,本发明一实施例的液晶显示面板100可较公知液晶显示面板来的省电。In addition, it can also be seen from FIG. 5 that the saturation voltages Vb, Vc, Vd and Ve of the liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention are all lower than the saturation voltage Va of the known liquid crystal display panel. In other words, the liquid
综上所述,在本发明的液晶显示面板中,可利用分别由其上下电极所组成的像素电极与共用电极,使得像素电极、共用电极正上方以及像素电极与共用电极之间无横向电场的区域比例降低。如此一来,位于像素电极、共用电极正上方以及像素电极与共用电极之间的液晶分子则有较高的机率会被驱动,进而改善了公知液晶面板中暗线的现象。To sum up, in the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention, the pixel electrode and the common electrode respectively composed of the upper and lower electrodes can be used, so that there is no lateral electric field directly above the pixel electrode, the common electrode, and between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. The area ratio is reduced. In this way, the liquid crystal molecules located directly above the pixel electrode, the common electrode and between the pixel electrode and the common electrode have a higher probability to be driven, thereby improving the phenomenon of dark lines in the conventional liquid crystal panel.
当然,本发明还可有其它多种实施例,在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下,熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形,但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。Certainly, the present invention also can have other multiple embodiments, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention, but these corresponding Changes and deformations should belong to the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.
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