CN102057774A - Draining and salt-removing method for newly-ploughed salinized farmland - Google Patents
Draining and salt-removing method for newly-ploughed salinized farmland Download PDFInfo
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- CN102057774A CN102057774A CN2010105109746A CN201010510974A CN102057774A CN 102057774 A CN102057774 A CN 102057774A CN 2010105109746 A CN2010105109746 A CN 2010105109746A CN 201010510974 A CN201010510974 A CN 201010510974A CN 102057774 A CN102057774 A CN 102057774A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a draining and salt-removing method for a newly-ploughed salinized farmland, comprising the following steps of: making a simple farmland concealed pipe by utilizing a building PVC (Poly Vinyl Chloride) sewer pipe, uniformly drilling holes with the diameter of 3mm on the wall of a 100mm plastic sewer pipe by the punching rate of 75 percent, coating two to three layers of crude chemical fiber outside the wall of the pipe, and strapping with plastic ropes; digging several rows of concealed pipe ditches in the newly-ploughed salinized farmland, wherein the depth of the concealed pipe ditches is 1.5-2.0m, the bottom width is 30cm and the specification of the side slope is 1:0.5; paving plastic weaved cloth with the width of 40cm at the bottoms of the ditches, paving sand gravel with the thickness of 15cm on the plastic weaved cloth, paving a coated concealed pipe, paving and spreading sand gravel with the thickness of 15-20cm at the surrounding and the upper part of the concealed pipe, paving the plastic weaved cloth with the width of 40cm on the sand gravel and refilling. The invention mainly solves the technical problem of draining by the concealed pipe in the newly-ploughed salinized farmland in aired regions and has a wide application value on the aspects of prevention and control of salinization and secondary salinizaiton of farmland in the dried regions, reformation and utilization of the farmland in the dried regions as well as prevention and control of desertification.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to reclamation of salinep-alkali soil technical field, be specifically related to the technical field of the big salination farmland hidden tube drainage of the arid biogeographic zone gradient, salt discharge.
Background technology
China is the widely distributed country of saline-alkali soil, and the saline-alkali soil total resources is about 9913 * 10
4Ha has 920.99 * 104ha to have the different salination of degree approximately in the arable land, account for 6.62% of national arable area.Wherein, Xinjiang is China's salinization soil area maximum, and the provinces and regions that the salinity component type is maximum have " title in world's saline-alkali soil museum ".The gross area of Xinjiang saline-alkali soil accounts for 22% of national saline-alkali soil area.Be subjected to the area of the harm of salination in various degree to account for 30% of total cultivated area in existing the arable land, account for middle-and-low-yielding fields area 63%, wherein, in being subjected to, the middle-and-low-yielding fields that threaten of severe salination account for 22% of total arable land.The salination of soil and secondary salinization problem become and are difficult to the problem of avoiding in the agricultural production, affect expanding economy, threatening the stable of the oasis ecosystem, is the major obstacle of restriction arid biogeographic zone agricultural development, need take scientific and reasonable method to be solved constantly.
Draining is the important measures that the reclamation of salinep-alkali soil utilizes, and only takes the reasonably row's of filling means, controls the decline of subterranean water level steadily, could promote reclamation of salinep-alkali soil slaking effectively.Aspect agricultural drain, what extensively adopt is the gutter drainage system for a long time in China.Because slope failure and bottom of trench alluvial problem in field gutter drainage ubiquity in practice, in the terrain slope larger area, this situation is particularly serious.Because soil salt content height, structure are poor, cause the stable very poor of canal system, drainage by open canal is very easily collapsed and is silted or occur serious erosion of soil and water up, and bright row's canal tends to collapse and silts half up in 1 year, can not guarantee its drainage, have a strong impact on the improvement utilization in salination farmland.
Requirement at salination farmland improved effect and cost control, utilize the existing row's of filling canal system, researched and developed the technology of farmland simple and easy closed drainage, salt discharge, can be according to the actual conditions in salination farmland, suit measures to local conditions to select range of application, significant for realizing effectively discharging aspects such as salination farmland phreatic water and raising improvement utilization ratio.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to utilize PVC downcomer for building to manufacture the simple and easy hidden pipe in farmland, use, effectively discharge phreatic water, improve the efficient that the reclamation of salinep-alkali soil utilizes in the salination farmland.
The invention provides the draining salt discharge method in a kind of salination farmland, its concrete steps are as follows:
(1) utilize PVC downcomer for building to make the simple and easy hidden pipe in farmland, select 100 millimeters plastics downcomers of diameter for use, evenly beat the aperture of 3 millimeters of diameters on tube wall, punching rate is 75%, two to three layers of external application alligatoring fiber material parcels, and plastic ties is tied up;
(2) dig mao row's hidden pipe ditch, 1.5～2.0 meters of ditch depths, 30 centimetres of ditch bottom width, side slope 1: 0.5 in the salination farmland;
(3) lay 40 centimetres wide plastics establishment cloth at bottom of trench, upper berth 15 cm thick sand gravels, the hidden pipe that lay has wrapped up around hidden pipe and the sand gravel of top spreading 15～20 cm thicks, is spread 40 centimetres of wide plastic woven cloths thereon again, returns native landfill;
(4) the bucket row to hidden pipe outlet carries out desilting, and the hidden pipe outlet should be higher than at the bottom of bucket row's the canal 10～15 centimetres, 30 centimetres of extension elongations.
Hidden pipe field arrangement pitches is 60～70 meters among the present invention.
The present invention compared with prior art by implementing the concrete summary of the invention of the present invention, can reach following effect:
1. the present invention manufactures the simple and easy hidden pipe in farmland with PVC downcomer for building, and selection is easy to get, processes easy.
2. existing newly-ploughed heavily salted farmland, because soil salt content is higher, soil structure is poor, causes the stable very poor of canal system, very easily collapses and silts up, adopts drainage by open canal, row's canal may collapse and silt half up in 1 year, needs timely desilting.The present invention uses in the salination farmland, compares with gutter drainage, and seriously collapsing of having avoided that open drain hair row very easily occurs silted up or the problem of water and soil loss, and minimizing occupies cultivated land, and improves land utilization rate.
3. general field irrigation water salinity is 0.41g/L, and farmland hair draining salinity is about 10g/L, and agricultural draining salinity is 5-7g/L, and open channel is discharged mostly is farmland water-break, salt discharge poor effect.And the degree of mineralization of ground water annual of discharging in the invention is respectively 5.31g/L and 12.36g/L, and along with the prolongation of water discharge time, the degree of mineralization of ground water of discharge is also reducing gradually, and the salt discharge effect is far superior to open channel.The present invention simultaneously can select range of application flexibly according to the actual conditions in salination farmland, can be in all whole application deployment in farmland, also can be in saline and alkaline degree heavier low-lying land and the higher plot priority application of the degree of mineralization of ground water, progressively enlarge range of application, avoid all using one-time investment big, promote restricted problem.
4. the closed drainage of the present invention's employing is as a control soil bogging and a saliferous measure, at lowering of watertable, enlarge the desalination layer, improve aspects such as desalting effect and be better than gutter drainage, compare with gutter drainage, it is good that farmland hidden tube drainage has a drainage effect, minimizing occupies cultivated land, improve land utilization rate, favourable mechanical cultivation, nothing is caved in and is grown grass problem, be easy to management, save the labour, volume of earthwork is few, is convenient to advantages such as mechanized construction.
Embodiment
Below, for embodiment the present invention is described, still, all material of selecting for use among the present invention and apparatus all are daily finding, but do not limit enforcement of the present invention, other materials more well known in the art and apparatus are all applicable to the enforcement of the following embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
The hidden pipe selection: select 100 millimeters PVC plastics downcomers for use, evenly beat the aperture of diameter 3 millimeter on tube wall, punching rate is 75%, two to three layers of external application alligatoring fiber material parcels, and plastic ties is tied up.
The draining salt discharge method concrete steps in salination farmland:
1. ditching
Adopt the excavator ditching, 1.5～2.0 meters of the degree of depth, 30 centimetres of ditch bottom width, side slope 1: 0.5.After ditch digs, immediately bottom of trench is rested and reorganized, gradient is controlled in the measurement of the level well, and gradient is walked with the ground gradient, is not less than 1/300.
2. lay
Lay 40 centimetres wide plastics establishment cloth at bottom of trench, prevent that gravel from mixing with mud, upper berth 15 cm thick sand gravels, preferentially select for use and contain the more sand gravel of coarse sand, the hidden pipe that lay has wrapped up, around hidden pipe, reach the sand gravel of top spreading 15～20 cm thicks, spread 40 centimetres of wide plastic woven cloths more thereon, return native landfill.
3. hidden pipe outlet
Bucket row to hidden pipe outlet carries out desilting, and the hidden pipe outlet should be higher than at the bottom of bucket row's the canal 10～15 centimetres, 30 centimetres of extension elongations.
4. hidden pipe spacing
Closed drainage is about 30～40 meters of hidden pipe things to the coverage of farmland subterranean water level and soil salt, and hidden pipe suitable is spaced apart 60～70 meters and is advisable.
5. draining, salt discharge effect
On paddy rice ground, 200 meters long hidden pipes, under the situation of 2 meters of buried depths, the degree of mineralization of ground water 5～8 grams per liters, year drainage discharge 40,000 sides, 214.1 tons of brine rates; Under the situation of 1.5 meters of buried depths, the degree of mineralization of ground water 9～13 grams per liters, year drainage discharge 20,000 sides, 256.1 tons of brine rates.
Embodiment two:
Adopt the draining salt discharge method in salination provided by the invention farmland,, adopt excavator ditching, laying by the application in paddy rice ground, outlet of design hidden pipe and hidden pipe spacing, thus detect effect of the present invention, specifically referring to table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, when May, paddy rice began to pour water, two closed drainage amounts strengthened gradually, and the degree of mineralization of ground water of discharging reduces gradually, and 7～August, drainage discharge reached the highest, and October 10, left and right sides hidden pipe began to cut off the water.2 meters dark hidden pipe year drainage discharge 44267.1 sides, 214.1 tons of brine rates.1.5 rice dark hidden pipe year drainage discharge 20689.5 sides, because of ground of living in hypsography low-lying, the degree of mineralization of ground water is higher, year 256.1 tons of brine rates.
General field irrigation water salinity is 0.41g/L, and farmland hair draining salinity is about 10g/L, and agricultural draining salinity is 5-7g/L, and open channel is discharged mostly is farmland water-break, salt discharge poor effect.The method that adopts invention to provide, the degree of mineralization of ground water annual of discharge is respectively 5.31g/L and 12.36g/L, and along with the prolongation of water discharge time, the degree of mineralization of ground water of discharge is also reducing gradually, and the salt discharge effect is far superior to the open channel that prior art adopts.
Embodiment three:
Adopt the draining salt discharge method in salination provided by the invention farmland, verify the reduction effect of pipe drainage method provided by the invention soil salt.
Referring to table 2, find by the monitoring analysis to 10,20,30,40, the 50 meters different levels in hidden pipe thing both sides (0-200cm) soil salt content: 2 meters dark closed drainages, salt discharges are 30 meters in hidden pipe east side, about 50 meters in west side to the obvious coverage that reduces soil salt.The 0-100cm soil salt content on average descends 21.8% in the 30 meters scopes in hidden pipe east side, and the 0-200cm soil salt content on average descends 38.1%; The 0-100cm soil salt content on average descends 30.2% in the 50 meters scopes in hidden pipe west side, and the 0-200cm soil salt content on average descends 40.5%.Because 2 meters western physical features of dark hidden pipe are higher, so bigger to the coverage of west side soil salt.1.5 the dark hidden pipe of rice is 40 meters in hidden pipe east side, about 30 meters in west side to the obvious coverage that reduces soil salt.The 0-100cm soil salt content on average descends 46.4% in the 40 meters scopes in hidden pipe east side, and the 0-200cm soil salt content on average descends 48.2%; The 0-100cm soil salt content on average descends 18.0% in the 30 meters scopes in hidden pipe west side, and the 0-200cm soil salt content on average descends 24.3%.
Table 1 closed drainage, salt discharge effect
Different levels soil salt content decreasing ratio around table 2 hidden pipe
Claims (2)
1. the draining salt discharge method in a salination farmland is characterized in that, described draining salt discharge step:
(1) utilize PVC downcomer for building to make the simple and easy hidden pipe in farmland, select 100 millimeters plastics downcomers for use, evenly beat the aperture of 3 millimeters of diameters on tube wall, punching rate is 75%, two to three layers of external application alligatoring fiber material parcels, and plastic ties is tied up;
(2) dig mao row's hidden pipe ditch, 1.5～2.0 meters of V ditch depths, 30 centimetres of ditch bottom width, side slope 1: 0.5 in the salination farmland;
(3) lay 40 centimetres wide plastics establishment cloth at bottom of trench, upper berth 15 cm thick sand gravels, the hidden pipe that lay has wrapped up, around hidden pipe and the sand gravel of top spreading 15～20 cm thicks, the 40 centimetres of wide plastic woven cloths in its upper berth return native landfill again;
(4) the bucket row to hidden pipe outlet carries out desilting, and the hidden pipe outlet should be higher than at the bottom of bucket row's the canal 10～15 centimetres, 30 centimetres of extension elongations.
2. the draining salt discharge method in salination as claimed in claim 1 farmland is characterized in that, 60～70 meters of described hidden pipe field arrangement pitches.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010105109746A CN102057774A (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2010-10-19 | Draining and salt-removing method for newly-ploughed salinized farmland |
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| CN2010105109746A CN102057774A (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2010-10-19 | Draining and salt-removing method for newly-ploughed salinized farmland |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102295348A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-12-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Removing method of salt in recession of saline and alkaline land |
| CN102487619A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-13 | 杨玉明 | Device for transforming saline-alkali soil |
| CN102696297A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 天津城市建设学院 | Method for setting salt elimination system through closed conduit with external-wrapped filtering layer made of fluidized bed furnace slag |
| CN103299814A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-09-18 | 江苏江南园林建筑工程有限公司 | Soil structure of improved salt-affected soil |
| CN103959951A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-08-06 | 中国农业大学 | Method for improving hypo-osmoticity soil by first punching inclined holes and then pouring sand |
| CN103999708A (en) * | 2014-06-07 | 2014-08-27 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Arched cultivation pool capable of preventing accumulation of salt in surface soil |
| CN104206064A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2014-12-17 | 河南山水园林绿化工程有限公司 | Underground salt elimination method for saline and alkali land |
| CN104412748A (en) * | 2013-08-24 | 2015-03-18 | 山水园林股份有限公司 | Technological method for eliminating salts in blind drain in saline-alkali soil |
| CN105359786A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-03-02 | 克拉玛依市克拉玛依区园林绿化管理局 | Method for planting Suaeda salsa in saturated heavily-salinized soil of arid area |
| CN106358479A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Open trench-concealed conduit combined water discharging and salt reducing method |
| CN107371445A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-11-24 | 苏州三港农副产品配送有限公司 | Greenhouse soil salinization of soil modification method |
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2010
- 2010-10-19 CN CN2010105109746A patent/CN102057774A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102295348A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-12-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Removing method of salt in recession of saline and alkaline land |
| CN102487619A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-13 | 杨玉明 | Device for transforming saline-alkali soil |
| CN102696297B (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-11-12 | 天津城市建设学院 | Method for setting salt elimination system through closed conduit with external-wrapped filtering layer made of fluidized bed furnace slag |
| CN102696297A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 天津城市建设学院 | Method for setting salt elimination system through closed conduit with external-wrapped filtering layer made of fluidized bed furnace slag |
| CN104206064A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2014-12-17 | 河南山水园林绿化工程有限公司 | Underground salt elimination method for saline and alkali land |
| CN103299814A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-09-18 | 江苏江南园林建筑工程有限公司 | Soil structure of improved salt-affected soil |
| CN104412748A (en) * | 2013-08-24 | 2015-03-18 | 山水园林股份有限公司 | Technological method for eliminating salts in blind drain in saline-alkali soil |
| CN103959951A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-08-06 | 中国农业大学 | Method for improving hypo-osmoticity soil by first punching inclined holes and then pouring sand |
| CN103999708A (en) * | 2014-06-07 | 2014-08-27 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Arched cultivation pool capable of preventing accumulation of salt in surface soil |
| CN105359786A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-03-02 | 克拉玛依市克拉玛依区园林绿化管理局 | Method for planting Suaeda salsa in saturated heavily-salinized soil of arid area |
| CN105359786B (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2018-04-24 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of method of arid biogeographic zone saturation heavily salted soil plantation Suaeda salsa |
| CN106358479A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Open trench-concealed conduit combined water discharging and salt reducing method |
| CN107371445A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-11-24 | 苏州三港农副产品配送有限公司 | Greenhouse soil salinization of soil modification method |
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Application publication date: 20110518 |