CN102051546B - Heat-resistant malleable cast iron material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-resistant malleable cast iron material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102051546B CN102051546B CN2011100074590A CN201110007459A CN102051546B CN 102051546 B CN102051546 B CN 102051546B CN 2011100074590 A CN2011100074590 A CN 2011100074590A CN 201110007459 A CN201110007459 A CN 201110007459A CN 102051546 B CN102051546 B CN 102051546B
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Abstract
The invention provides a heat-resistant malleable cast iron material and a preparation method thereof. The heat-resistant malleable cast iron material has good performance; and the preparation method is simple in process, low in production cost and suitable for industrial production. Malleable cast iron is utilized as a substrate for the heat-resistant malleable cast iron material, wherein metal wire clusters formed by medium carbon steel wires and iron wires are distributed on the substrate; the diameter of the medium carbon steel wires and diameter of the iron wires are 1-2mm; the medium carbon steel wires and the iron wires account for 5-40% of the material by volume; and the diameter of the metal wire clusters is 10-15cm.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, relate to a kind of heat-resisting malleable iron material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In metal material field, heat-resisting malleable iron receives generally as the low-cost heat-resisting material always and paying attention to.
One kind of CN87105171 produces the malleable iron novel process with alloy substituting bismuth, and it is to add as nucleating agent with a kind of novel alloy, can facilitate malleable iron failed part formation spoken parts in traditional operas, replaces traditional pure bismuth of metal.This alloy is to propose in the flue dust that produces during by the metallurgical refining of copper, lead, tin or the electrolysis anode sludge, and enrichment is a bismuth-containing 15～30% in metallurgical refining process, and plumbous 60-70% also contains the alloy of a small amount of other element.The stokehold adopts ferrosilicon, aluminium and this alloy compound inoculated, can realize 720～750 ℃ of scope low-temperature annealings, obtains the black heart malleable cast ir that ferritic adds graphite.This alloy price is merely 1/2～1/5 of the pure bismuth of metal.
The 4th phase of Shenyang University of Technology's journal in 1997 was reported the thermotolerance research to heat-resisting malleable iron such as Gu Kecheng.In the alloying constituent, Cr is 2-5%, and Si is 4-5%.Heat treating regime is incubated 3h then for about 1050 ℃, to be incubated 5h about 850 ℃, come out of the stove at 600 ℃ in the back.Oxidation rate at 950 ℃ of insulation 54h is 0.0075-0.0207mg/cm2h, is 0.0103-0.1611mg/cm2h 950 ℃ of oxidation rates that are incubated 150h.Although on mitis, take measures, mitis toughness is not enough.Therefore, the raising for material thermal resistance also is restricted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly to above-mentioned technological deficiency, and a kind of heat-resisting malleable iron material is provided, and this material has good performance.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of heat-resisting malleable iron preparation methods, and this preparing method's technology is simple, and production cost is low, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
A kind of heat-resisting malleable iron material; This material is matrix with malleable iron; The wire group that on matrix, is distributing and forming by bullet wire and iron wire, used bullet wire and iron wire diameter are 1-2mm, and the length of bullet wire and iron wire is suitable in the material; The diameter of wire group is 10-15cm, and the volume percent that bullet wire and iron wire account for material is 5-40%;
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of malleable iron matrix: C is 2.6%～2.9%, and Si is 2.8%～3.3%, and Mn is 0.4-0.6%, and Zr is 0.5-0.7%, and Y is 0.5-0.7%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other are Fe to S to P;
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of bullet wire is: C is 0.3%～0.53%, and Si is 0.2%～0.25%, and Mn is 0.5-0.65%; < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are Fe to S to P; The following chemical components in percentage by weight of iron wire is: C is 0.05-0.09%, and Si is 0.2%～0.3%, and Mn is 0.25-0.35%; < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are Fe to S to P.
Compound N i3C, Ni3Si, Co2Si and Co3C particle are also distributing in the matrix.
A kind of heat-resisting malleable iron material and preparation method, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
The preparation of nickel plating bullet wire and cobalt plating iron wire:
Cut-off is that C is 0.3%～0.53% for 0.2-2mm, composition directly, and Si is 0.2%～0.25%, and Mn is 0.5-0.65%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are the bullet wire of Fe to S to P;
Cut-off is that C is 0.05-0.09 for 1-2mm, composition weight percentage directly, and Si is 0.2%～0.3%, and Mn is 0.25-0.35%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are the iron wire of Fe to S to P; The overall length of bullet wire and iron wire is suitable in the material, and the volume percent that control bullet wire and iron wire account for material altogether is 5-40%; Press ordinary method at the bullet wire plating nickel on surface; Press ordinary method at the surperficial cobalt plating of iron wire; The thickness of nickel plating, cobalt plating layer is the 50-500 micron;
Ordinary method by cleaning ball production is respectively got rhizoid formation globular mixing mariages wire group with above-mentioned nickel plating bullet wire and cobalt plating iron wire; Wire group's diameter is 10-15cm; Number of metal silk group is put into casting mold mo(u)ld bottom half die cavity; The tightness of wire group guarantees that by the volume percent decision that bullet wire and iron wire account for material altogether wire group just in time piles casting mold; After deploying, the mo(u)ld top half of casting mold is placed on the mo(u)ld bottom half, molten iron pouring is waited in the mould assembling back that finishes;
The preparation of malleable iron material matrix: percentage composition C is 2.6%～2.9% by weight, and Si is 2.8%～3.3%, and Mn is 0.4-0.6%, and Zr is 0.5-0.7%, and Y is 0.5-0.7%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for the malleable iron of Fe S P; The malleable iron raw material melts in induction furnace, forms liquid molten iron, and temperature of fusion is 1450-1500 ℃;
Above-mentioned malleable iron molten iron is poured into the dry sand casting mold that wire group is housed, and liquid molten iron surrounds nickel plating bullet wire and cobalt plating iron wire, then cooled and solidified; To solidify the cast iron that obtains then and put into electric furnace thermal treatment and be heated to 960-980 ℃, and be incubated furnace cooling after 5-9 hour, promptly obtaining with malleable iron is the heat-stable material that wherein is distributed with wire group of base.
It is following that the present invention compares the beneficial effect of prior art:
1, the bullet wire of material of the present invention and cobalt plating iron wire self have suitable intensity and high toughness.The matrix of steel wire and cobalt plating iron wire and mitis all is an iron.Therefore steel wire and cobalt plating iron wire and mitis are easy to combine, and form good metallurgical binding.Like this, the cobalt plating iron wire is distributed in the fragility mitis, and material is had good enhancing toughening effect.Bullet wire is distributed in the mitis, has improved the resistance toheat of material greatly.
2, after the mitis molten iron gets into the casting mold die cavity and the nickel on steel wire and cobalt plating iron wire surface contacts; The Ni and the Co on silk surface are fused to molten iron; The Ni on the C in the molten iron, Si and steel wire and cobalt plating iron wire surface and Co reaction form than higher C of cementite hardness and special compound Ni3Si, Co2Si, Ni3C and the Co3C of Ni and Co, are distributed in the matrix.This special compound that forms has further improved the thermotolerance of material.
3, the Zr in the material has the effect of remarkable refinement to the tissue of mitis, for mitis toughness reinforcing important effect is arranged.C and Zr also can form C and Zr compound ZrC in addition, help the raising of material thermal resistance.Y and C reaction can form stable carbide Y2C, help the raising of material thermal resistance.P, S are the impurity in the material, are controlled at the scope of permission.
4, cast iron materials of the present invention need not valuable REE, and the cost of material is low, and preparation technology is easy, and production cost is low, and the alloy material performance of production is good, and is convenient to very much suitability for industrialized production.
Cast iron materials performance of the present invention is seen table 1.
Description of drawings
The metallographic structure of the heat-resisting malleable iron material that Fig. 1 makes for the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 1 can see at malleable iron and combining well with wire.
Embodiment
Below each embodiment only with of the present invention the explaining of opposing, weight percent wherein all can change weight g, kg or other weight unit into.It is commercial that following diameter is that 1-2mm bullet wire and iron wire are, the coating self manufacture.
Embodiment one:
The preparation of nickel plating bullet wire and cobalt plating iron wire:
The weight percentage of bullet wire composition is: C is 0.3%, and Si is 0.2%, and Mn is 0.5%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are Fe to S to P, and diameter is 1mm.
The weight percentage of iron wire composition is: C is 0.05%, and Si is 0.2%, and Mn is 0.25%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are Fe to S to P, and diameter is 1mm.The overall length of the bullet wire of getting and iron wire suitable, the volume percent that bullet wire and iron wire account for material is 5%.
Bullet wire is by the ordinary method plating nickel on surface; Iron wire forms nickel plating bullet wire and cobalt plating iron wire respectively by ordinary method surface cobalt plating.The thickness of nickel plating, cobalt plating layer is 50 microns;
The preparation process is following:
Ordinary method by cleaning ball production is respectively got (formation mariages wire group of rhizoid formation globular mixing mariages wire group with above-mentioned nickel plating bullet wire and cobalt plating iron wire; Can make by the cleaning ball of the usefulness that washes the dishes or the method for title steel wire lump); Wire group's diameter is 15cm; Number of metal silk group is put into casting mold mo(u)ld bottom half die cavity, and the tightness of wire group guarantees that by the volume percent decision that bullet wire and iron wire account for material altogether wire group just in time piles casting mold; After deploying, the mo(u)ld top half of casting mold is placed on the mo(u)ld bottom half, molten iron pouring is waited in the mould assembling back that finishes;
The preparation of malleable iron material matrix: percentage composition C is 2.6% by weight, and Si is 2.8%, and Mn is 0.4%, and Zr is 0.5%, and Y is 0.5%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for the malleable iron of Fe S P; The malleable iron raw material melts in induction furnace, and temperature of fusion is 1470-1480 ℃.
Above-mentioned malleable iron molten iron is poured into the dry sand casting mold that wire group is housed, and liquid molten iron surrounds nickel plating bullet wire and cobalt plating iron wire, then cooled and solidified; To solidify the cast iron that obtains then and put into electric furnace thermal treatment and be heated to 960 ℃, and be incubated furnace cooling after 5 hours, promptly obtaining with malleable iron is the heat-stable material that wherein is distributed with wire group of base.
Embodiment two:
Malleable iron material matrix composition percentage composition: C by weight is 2.9%, and Si is 3.3%, and Mn is 0.6%, and Zr is 0.7%, and Y is 0.7%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for Fe S P.
The weight percentage of bullet wire composition is: C is 0.53%, and Si is 0.25%, and Mn is 0.65%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are Fe to S to P, and diameter is 2mm.
The weight percentage of iron wire composition is: C is 0.09%, and Si is 0.3%, and Mn is 0.35%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are Fe to S to P, and diameter is 2mm.The overall length of used bullet wire and iron wire is suitable, and the volume percent that control bullet wire and iron wire account for material altogether is 40%.
Bullet wire and iron wire surface be nickel plating and cobalt plating respectively, and the thickness of nickel plating, cobalt plating layer is 500 microns.Press the ordinary method making of cleaning ball production and be with the mariages wire group of two kinds of wires mixing of coating, wire group diameter is 10cm.
In the preparation, will solidify the cast iron that obtains and put into electric furnace thermal treatment and be heated to 980 ℃, be incubated 9 hours.All the other preparation processes are with embodiment one.
Embodiment three:
Malleable iron material matrix composition percentage composition: C by weight is 2.7%, and Si is 2.9%, and Mn is 0.5%, and Zr is 0.6%, and Y is 0.6%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for Fe S P.
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of bullet wire is: C is 0.5%, and Si is 0.23%, and Mn is 0.55%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are Fe to S to P.Diameter is 1.2mm.
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of iron wire is: C is 0.07%, and Si is 0.25%, and Mn is 0.3%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are Fe to S to P.Diameter is 1.2mm.The overall length of bullet wire and iron wire is suitable, and the volume percent that control bullet wire and iron wire account for material altogether is 25%.
Bullet wire and iron wire surface be nickel plating and cobalt plating respectively, and the thickness of nickel plating, cobalt plating layer is 200 microns.Press the ordinary method making of cleaning ball production and be with the mariages wire group of two kinds of wires mixing of coating, wire group diameter is 12cm.
In the preparation, will solidify the cast iron that obtains and put into electric furnace thermal treatment and be heated to 970 ℃, be incubated 7 hours.All the other preparation processes are with embodiment one.
The comparative example four: proportioning raw materials is within the scope of the present invention instance not
Malleable iron material matrix composition percentage composition: C by weight is 2.2%, and Si is 2.2%, and Mn is 0.3%, and Zr is 0.4%, and Y is 0.4%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for Fe S P.
The weight percentage of bullet wire composition is: C is 0.2%, and Si is 0.1%, and Mn is 0.3%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are Fe to S to P.Diameter is 0.8mm.
The weight percentage of iron wire composition is: C is 0.03%, and Si is 0.1%, and Mn is 0.2%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are Fe to S to P, and diameter is 0.8mm, and the length of bullet wire and iron wire is suitable.It is 4% that bullet wire and iron wire account for the two volume percent that accounts for material of material.
Bullet wire nickel plating, nickeling layer thickness are 300 microns.The iron wire surface is cobalt plating not.Press ordinary method making two kinds of wires (nickel plating bullet wire and iron wire) blended mariages wire group that cleaning ball is produced, wire group diameter is 10cm.
In the preparation, will solidify the cast iron that obtains and put into electric furnace thermal treatment and be heated to 930 ℃, and be incubated 4 hours, all the other preparation processes are with embodiment one.
The comparative example five: proportioning raw materials is within the scope of the present invention instance not
Malleable iron material matrix composition percentage composition: C by weight is 3%, and Si is 4%, and Mn is 0.7%, and Zr is 0.8%, and Y is 0.8%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for Fe S P.
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of bullet wire is: C is 0.8%, and Si is 0.4%, and Mn is 0.7%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are Fe to S to P.
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of iron wire is: C is 0.1%, and Si is 0.6%, and Mn is 0.4%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are Fe to S to P.Diameter is 3mm, and the length of bullet wire and iron wire is suitable.The volume percent that steel wire and iron wire account for material altogether is 45%.
Not nickel plating of bullet wire.Iron wire is pressed ordinary method at surperficial cobalt plating.The thickness of cobalt plating layer is 600 microns.Press ordinary method making two kinds of wires (bullet wire and cobalt plating iron wire) blended mariages wire group that cleaning ball is produced, wire group diameter is 10cm.
In the preparation, will solidify the cast iron that obtains and put into electric furnace thermal treatment and be heated to 1000 ℃, be incubated 10 hours.All the other preparation processes are with embodiment one.
Table 1
Visible by last table, C, Si, Mn increase in the chemical ingredients of mitis in the material of the present invention and bullet wire and cobalt plating iron wire, are beneficial to the raising of material hardness.But too much, can reduce the toughness of body material.P and S increase, and also can reduce the toughness of body material.
The increase of Zr and Y not only is beneficial to the raising of hardness in the mitis, and helps the toughness raising.But, too much cause the increase of Zr and Y and C compound, reduce the toughness of material.
The increase of bullet wire and iron wire volume percent is beneficial to the raising of toughness of material.But too much, the cast iron matrix bag does not live steel wire and cobalt plating iron wire, and crackle appears in matrix, has then reduced the toughness of material, has therefore reduced the thermotolerance of material yet.Like product 5.
Steel wire and cobalt plating iron wire diameter are too thin, and surface-area is too big, the Ni that is with amount too many, be unfavorable for the dissolving of element in molten iron.Steel wire and iron wire diameter are too thick, and the density that in cast iron matrix, distributes reduces, and are unfavorable for the stable on heating raising of material monolithic.
The material heat treatment temperature is not high too short with the time, is unfavorable for the greying of alloy; Too high and the overlong time of temperature causes wire and matrix alligatoring easily, is unfavorable for stable on heating raising.
Claims (1)
1. heat-resisting malleable iron material preparation method, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
The preparation of nickel plating bullet wire and cobalt plating iron wire:
Cut-off is that C is 0.3%～0.53% for 0.2-2mm, composition directly, and Si is 0.2%～0.25%, and Mn is 0.5-0.65%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are the bullet wire of Fe to S to P;
Cut-off is that C is 0.05-0.09% for 1-2mm, composition weight percentage directly, and Si is 0.2%～0.3%, and Mn is 0.25-0.35%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are the iron wire of Fe to S to P; The length of bullet wire and iron wire is suitable in the material, and the volume percent that control bullet wire and iron wire account for material altogether is 5-40%; Press ordinary method at the bullet wire plating nickel on surface; Press ordinary method at the surperficial cobalt plating of iron wire; The thickness of nickel plating, cobalt plating layer is the 50-500 micron;
Ordinary method by cleaning ball production is respectively got rhizoid formation globular mixing mariages wire group with above-mentioned nickel plating bullet wire and cobalt plating iron wire; Wire group's diameter is 10-15cm; Number of metal silk group is put into casting mold mo(u)ld bottom half die cavity; The tightness of wire group guarantees that by the volume percent decision that bullet wire and iron wire account for material altogether wire group just in time piles casting mold; After deploying, the mo(u)ld top half of casting mold is placed on the mo(u)ld bottom half, molten iron pouring is waited in the mould assembling back that finishes;
The preparation of malleable iron material matrix: percentage composition C is 2.6%～2.9% by weight, and Si is 2.8%～3.3%, and Mn is 0.4-0.6%, and Zr is 0.5-0.7%, and Y is 0.5-0.7%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for the malleable iron of Fe S P; The malleable iron raw material melts in induction furnace, forms liquid molten iron, and temperature of fusion is 1450-1500 ℃;
Above-mentioned malleable iron molten iron is poured into the dry sand casting mold that wire group is housed, and liquid molten iron surrounds nickel plating bullet wire and cobalt plating iron wire, then cooled and solidified; To solidify the cast iron that obtains then and put into electric furnace thermal treatment and be heated to 960-980 ℃, and be incubated furnace cooling after 5-9 hour, promptly obtaining with malleable iron is the heat-stable material that wherein is distributed with wire group of base.
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| CN2011100074590A CN102051546B (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2011-01-14 | Heat-resistant malleable cast iron material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102051546B true CN102051546B (en) | 2012-08-22 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1028734A1 (en) * | 1980-10-29 | 1983-07-15 | Днепропетровский Завод Металлургического Оборудования | Cast iron for forged rolls |
| CN87105171A (en) * | 1987-07-20 | 1988-05-18 | 昆明工学院 | Produce the novel process of malleable iron with alloy substituting bismuth |
| CN1066686A (en) * | 1992-05-16 | 1992-12-02 | 玉田县第一水暖厂 | Heating treatment technology of black core malleable cast-iron |
| CN1083116A (en) * | 1993-07-02 | 1994-03-02 | 范文瑞 | The method of low-temp annealing of forgeable cast iron |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6034612B2 (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1985-08-09 | 大平洋製鋼株式会社 | Quenching method for forged white cast iron rolls |
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2011
- 2011-01-14 CN CN2011100074590A patent/CN102051546B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1028734A1 (en) * | 1980-10-29 | 1983-07-15 | Днепропетровский Завод Металлургического Оборудования | Cast iron for forged rolls |
| CN87105171A (en) * | 1987-07-20 | 1988-05-18 | 昆明工学院 | Produce the novel process of malleable iron with alloy substituting bismuth |
| CN1066686A (en) * | 1992-05-16 | 1992-12-02 | 玉田县第一水暖厂 | Heating treatment technology of black core malleable cast-iron |
| CN1083116A (en) * | 1993-07-02 | 1994-03-02 | 范文瑞 | The method of low-temp annealing of forgeable cast iron |
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