CN102071377B - Abrasion resistant malleable cast iron material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Abrasion resistant malleable cast iron material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102071377B CN102071377B CN2011100074711A CN201110007471A CN102071377B CN 102071377 B CN102071377 B CN 102071377B CN 2011100074711 A CN2011100074711 A CN 2011100074711A CN 201110007471 A CN201110007471 A CN 201110007471A CN 102071377 B CN102071377 B CN 102071377B
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Abstract
The invention provides an abrasion resistant malleable cast iron material and a preparation method thereof. The material has good performance, and the preparation method for the material is simple in process and low in production cost, and is suitable for industrial production. The abrasion resistant malleable cast-iron material takes malleable cast iron as a matrix; a metal wire group formed by high carbon steel wires and iron wires is distributed in the matrix; both the diameter of the used high carbon steel wires and the diameter of the used iron wires are 1 to 2 millimeters; the material contains 5 to 40 volume percent of the high carbon steel wires and the iron wires; and the diameter of the metal wire group is 10 to 15 centimeters.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, relate to a kind of wear-resisting malleable iron material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In metal material field, antifriction cast iron receives generally as low-cost high-abrasive material always and paying attention to.
One kind of CN87105171 produces the malleable iron novel process with alloy substituting bismuth, and it is to add as nucleating agent with a kind of novel alloy, can facilitate malleable iron failed part formation spoken parts in traditional operas, replaces traditional pure bismuth of metal.This alloy is to propose in the flue dust that produces during by the metallurgical refining of copper, lead, tin or the electrolysis anode sludge, and enrichment is a bismuth-containing 15～30% in metallurgical refining process, and plumbous 60-70% also contains the alloy of a small amount of other element.The stokehold adopts ferrosilicon, aluminium and this alloy compound inoculated, can realize 720～750 ℃ of scope low-temperature annealings, obtains the black heart malleable cast ir that ferritic adds graphite.This alloy price is merely 1/2～1/5 of the pure bismuth of metal.
The Li De of 1997 the 1st phases of LiaoNing technical faculty journal etc. has studied with increasing the service life that the perlite method improves the malleable iron electric armour clamp.The malleable iron of cable body matrix can obtain the nodular troostite tissue of 20～60 % through cryogenic normalizing (790-820'c), and is evenly distributed, and makes it integral hardness and brings up to HB185 by HB120.When content of pearlite in alloy was less than 30%, cast iron impelling strength was not seen obvious decline.Along with the increase of content of pearlite in alloy, the performance of cast iron antistick wearing and tearing improves.Impelling strength is 4.2-20.5J/cm2, and hardness is HB114-220.
Although take measures, mitis toughness is not enough.Therefore, the raising for material wear ability also is restricted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly to above-mentioned technological deficiency, and a kind of wear-resisting malleable iron material is provided, and this material has good performance.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of wear-resisting malleable iron preparation methods, and this preparing method's technology is simple, and production cost is low, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
A kind of wear-resisting malleable iron material is characterized in that: this material is a matrix with malleable iron, the wire group that in matrix, is distributing and forming by high-carbon steel wire and iron wire, and used high-carbon steel wire and iron wire diameter are 1-2mm; The overall length of material medium high carbon steel wire and iron wire is suitable, and the diameter of wire group is 10-15cm; The volume percent that high-carbon steel wire and iron wire account for material altogether is 5-40%;
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of malleable iron matrix: C is 2.2%～2.4%, and Si is 1.1%～1.3%, and Mn is 0.4-0.6%, and Zr is 0.5-1%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other are Fe to S to P.
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of said high-carbon steel wire is: C is 0.55%～0.8%, and Si is 0.18%～0.21%, and Mn is 0.45-0.65%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are Fe to S to P;
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of said iron wire is: C is 0.05-0.09%, and Si is 0.2%～0.3%, and Mn is 0.25-0.35%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are Fe to S to P.
Compound N i3Si and Ni3C particle are also distributing in the matrix.
A kind of wear-resisting malleable iron preparation methods, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
The preparation of nickel coated high-carbon steel wire and nickel coated iron wire: cut-off is 0.55%～0.8% for 1-2mm, composition weight percentage: C directly, and Si is 0.18%～0.21%, and Mn is 0.45-0.65%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are the high-carbon steel wire of Fe to S to P; Cut-off is 0.05-0.09 for 1-2mm, composition weight percentage C directly in addition; Si is 0.2%～0.3%, and Mn is 0.25-0.35%, and P < 0.02%; S < 0.025%; All the other are the iron wire of Fe, the overall length of the high-carbon steel wire of getting and iron wire suitable, the volume percent that control high-carbon steel wire and iron wire account for material altogether is 5-40%; High-carbon steel wire and iron wire are pressed ordinary method respectively at plating nickel on surface, and the thickness of nickeling layer is the 50-500 micron;
Ordinary method by cleaning ball production is respectively got rhizoid formation globular mixing mariages wire group with above-mentioned nickel coated high-carbon steel wire and nickel coated iron wire; Wire group's diameter is 10-15cm; Number of metal silk group is put into casting mold mo(u)ld bottom half die cavity; The tightness of wire group guarantees that by the volume percent decision that high-carbon steel wire and iron wire account for material altogether wire group just in time piles casting mold; After deploying, the mo(u)ld top half of casting mold is placed on the mo(u)ld bottom half, molten iron pouring is waited in the mould assembling back that finishes;
The preparation of malleable iron material matrix: percentage composition C is 2.2%～2.4% by weight, and Si is 1.1%～1.3%, and Mn is 0.4-0.6%, and Zr is 0.5-1%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for the malleable iron of Fe S P; Malleable iron melts in the raw material induction furnace, forms liquid molten iron, and temperature of fusion is 1450-1500 ℃;
Above-mentioned malleable iron molten iron is poured into the dry sand casting mold that wire group is housed; Liquid molten iron surrounds wire group; Cooled and solidified then; To solidify the cast iron that obtains again and put into electric furnace thermal treatment and be heated to 920-950 ℃, and be incubated furnace cooling after 5-9 hour, promptly obtaining with malleable iron is the wear-resisting malleable iron material that wherein is distributed with wire group of base.
It is following that the present invention compares the beneficial effect of prior art:
1, material medium high carbon steel wire of the present invention and iron wire self have suitable intensity and high toughness.The matrix of steel wire and iron wire and mitis all is an iron, so steel wire and iron wire and mitis be easy to combine, and forms good metallurgical binding.Like this, iron wire is distributed in the fragility mitis, and material is had good enhancing toughening effect.High-carbon steel wire is distributed in the mitis, has improved the wear resisting property of material greatly.
2, after the mitis molten iron got into the casting mold die cavity and the nickel on steel wire and iron wire surface contacts, the Ni on silk surface was fused to molten iron, and the Ni reaction on the C in the molten iron, Si and steel wire and iron wire surface forms special compound Ni3Si, and Ni3C is distributed in the matrix., this special compound of formation has further improved the wear resistance of material.
3, Zr has the effect of remarkable refinement to the tissue of mitis, for mitis toughness reinforcing important effect is arranged.C and Zr also can form C and Zr compound ZrC in addition, help the raising of material wear ability.
P in the material of the present invention, S are the impurity in the material, are controlled at the scope of permission.
4, material of the present invention need not valuable REE, and the cost of material is low, and preparation technology is easy, and production cost is low, and the alloy material performance of production is good, and is convenient to very much suitability for industrialized production.
The performance of each material of the present invention is seen table 1.
Description of drawings
The metallographic structure of the wear-resisting malleable iron material that Fig. 1 makes for the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 1 can see at malleable iron and combining with wire.
Embodiment
Each embodiment is only with of the present invention the explaining of opposing below
, and weight percent wherein all can change weight g, kg or other weight unit into.Following high-carbon steel wire and iron wire are commercial, the coating self-control.
Embodiment one:
The preparation of nickel coated high-carbon steel wire and nickel coated iron wire:
The weight percentage of high-carbon steel wire composition is: C is 0.55%, and Si is 0.18%, and Mn is 0.45%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are Fe to S to P, and diameter is 1mm.
The weight percentage of iron wire composition is: C is 0.05%, and Si is 0.2%, and Mn is 0.25%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are Fe to S to P, and diameter is 1mm.The overall length of the high-carbon steel wire of getting and iron wire suitable, the two volume percent that accounts for material altogether of control high-carbon steel wire and iron wire is 5%.
High-carbon steel wire and iron wire are pressed ordinary method respectively at plating nickel on surface, and the thickness of nickeling layer is 50 microns;
The preparation process is following:
By the ordinary method of cleaning ball production with above-mentioned nickel coated high-carbon steel wire and nickel coated iron wire respectively get a rhizoid form globular mixing mariages wire group (two kinds of wires respectively get one agglomerating; Forming mariages wire group can make by the cleaning ball of the usefulness that washes the dishes or the method for title steel wire lump); Wire group's diameter is 15cm; Number of metal silk group is put into casting mold mo(u)ld bottom half die cavity; The tightness of wire group guarantees that by the volume percent decision that high-carbon steel wire and iron wire account for material altogether wire group just in time piles casting mold; After deploying, the mo(u)ld top half of casting mold is placed on the mo(u)ld bottom half, molten iron pouring is waited in the mould assembling back that finishes;
The preparation of malleable iron material matrix: percentage composition C is 2.2% by weight, and Si is 1.1%, and Mn is 0.4%, and Zr is 0.5%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for the malleable iron of Fe S P; Malleable iron melts in the raw material induction furnace, and temperature of fusion is 1475-1480 ℃;
Above-mentioned malleable iron molten iron is poured into the dry sand casting mold that wire group is housed; Liquid molten iron surrounds wire group; Cooled and solidified then; To solidify the cast iron that obtains again and put into electric furnace thermal treatment and be heated to 920 ℃, and be incubated furnace cooling after 5 hours, promptly obtaining with malleable iron is the wear-resisting malleable iron material that wherein is distributed with wire group of base.
Embodiment two:
Malleable iron material matrix composition percentage composition: C by weight is 2.4%, and Si is 1.3%, and Mn is 0.6%, and Zr is 1%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for Fe S P.
The preparation of nickel coated high-carbon steel wire and nickel coated iron wire:
The weight percentage of high-carbon steel wire composition is: C is 0.8%, and Si is 0.21%, and Mn is 0.65%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are Fe to S to P; Diameter is 2mm.
The weight percentage of iron wire composition is: C is 0.09%, and Si is 0.3%, and Mn is 0.35%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are Fe to S to P; Diameter is 2mm.
The overall length of the high-carbon steel wire of getting and iron wire suitable, the two volume percent that accounts for material of high-carbon steel wire and iron wire is 40%.
High-carbon steel wire and iron wire are pressed ordinary method respectively at plating nickel on surface, form nickel coated high-carbon steel wire and nickel coated iron wire respectively, and the thickness of nickeling layer is 500 microns; Press the ordinary method making of cleaning ball production and be with the mariages wire group of two kinds of wires mixing of coating, wire group diameter is 10cm.
In the preparation process, will solidify the cast iron that obtains and put into electric furnace thermal treatment and be heated to 950 ℃, be incubated 9 hours.All the other preparation processes are with embodiment one.
Embodiment three:
Malleable iron material matrix composition percentage composition: C by weight is 2.3%, and Si is 1.2%, and Mn is 0.5%, and Zr is 0.7%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for Fe S P.
The preparation of nickel coated high-carbon steel wire and nickel coated iron wire:
The weight percentage of high-carbon steel wire composition is: C is 0.7%, and Si is 0.19%, and Mn is 0.55%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are Fe to S to P; Diameter is 1.2mm.
The weight percentage of the composition of iron wire is: C is 0.07, and Si is 0.25%, and Mn is 0.3%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are Fe to S to P; Diameter is 1.2mm.
The overall length of the high-carbon steel wire of getting and iron wire suitable, the two volume percent that accounts for material of control high-carbon steel wire and iron wire is 25%.
High-carbon steel wire and iron wire are pressed ordinary method respectively at plating nickel on surface, and the thickness of nickeling layer is 200 microns; Press the ordinary method making of cleaning ball production and be with the mariages wire group of two kinds of wires mixing of coating, wire group diameter is 15cm.
In the preparation process, will solidify the cast iron that obtains and put into electric furnace thermal treatment and be heated to 940 ℃, be incubated 7 hours.All the other preparation processes are with embodiment one.
The comparative example four: proportioning raw materials is within the scope of the present invention instance not
Malleable iron material matrix composition percentage composition: C by weight is 2.1%, and Si is 1%, and Mn is 0.3%, and Zr is 0.3%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for Fe S P.
The preparation of nickel coated high-carbon steel wire and nickel coated iron wire:
The weight percentage of high-carbon steel wire composition is: C is 0.3%, and Si is 0.13%, and Mn is 0.2%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are Fe to S to P.Diameter is 0.8mm.
The weight percentage of iron wire composition is: C is 0.02%, and Si is 0.1%, and Mn is 0.2%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are Fe to S to P; Diameter is 0.8mm.High-carbon steel wire and iron wire length are suitable, and the two volume percent that accounts for material of high-carbon steel wire and iron wire is 4%.
High-carbon steel wire and iron wire not nickel plating of surface.Press the ordinary method of cleaning ball production and make the mariages wire group that two kinds of wires mix, wire group diameter is 10cm.
Material is put into electric furnace thermal treatment and is heated to 910 ℃, is incubated 4 hours.All the other preparation processes are with embodiment one.
The comparative example five: proportioning raw materials is within the scope of the present invention instance not
Malleable iron material matrix composition percentage composition: C by weight is 2.6%, and Si is 1.5%, and Mn is 0.7%, and Zr is 2%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for Fe S P.
The preparation of nickel coated high-carbon steel wire and nickel coated iron wire:
The weight percentage of high-carbon steel wire composition is: C is 0.9%, and Si is 0.3%, and Mn is 0.7%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are Fe to S to P.Diameter is 3mm.
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of iron wire is: C is 0.1%, and Si is 0.4%, and Mn is 0.4%, and < 0.02%, < 0.025%, all the other are Fe to S to P; Diameter is 3mm.High-carbon steel wire and iron wire length are suitable, and the two volume percent that accounts for material of high-carbon steel wire and iron wire is 45%.
High-carbon steel wire and iron wire not nickel plating of surface.Press the ordinary method of cleaning ball production and make the mariages wire group that two kinds of wires mix, wire group diameter is 15cm.
Material is put into electric furnace thermal treatment and is heated to 960 ℃, is incubated 10 hours.Other preparation process is with embodiment one.
Table 1
Visible by last table, C, Si, Mn increase in the chemical ingredients of malleable iron of the present invention and high-carbon steel wire and iron wire, are beneficial to the raising of material hardness.But too much, can reduce the toughness of body material.P and S increase, and also can reduce the toughness of body material.
The increase of Zr not only is beneficial to the raising of hardness in the mitis, and helps the toughness raising.But, too much cause the increase of Zr and C compound, reduce the toughness of material.
An amount of increase of high-carbon steel wire and iron wire volume percent is beneficial to the raising of toughness of material.But too much, the cast iron matrix bag does not live steel wire and iron wire, and crackle appears in matrix, has then reduced the toughness of material, has therefore reduced the wear resistance of material yet.
Steel wire and iron wire diameter are too thin, and surface-area is too big, the Ni that is with amount too many, be unfavorable for the dissolving of element in molten iron.Steel wire and iron wire diameter are too thick, and the density that in cast iron matrix, distributes reduces, and are unfavorable for the raising of material monolithic hardness, and be better an amount of.
The material heat treatment temperature is not high too short with the time, is unfavorable for the greying of alloy; Too high and the overlong time of temperature causes wire and matrix alligatoring easily, is unfavorable for the raising of toughness of material.
Claims (1)
1. wear-resisting malleable iron preparation methods, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
The preparation of nickel coated high-carbon steel wire and nickel coated iron wire: cut-off is 0.55%～0.8% for 1-2mm, composition weight percentage: C directly, and Si is 0.18%～0.21%, and Mn is 0.45-0.65%, and < 0.02%, < 0.02%, all the other are the high-carbon steel wire of Fe to S to P; Cut-off is 0.05-0.09 for 1-2mm, composition weight percentage C directly in addition; Si is 0.2%～0.3%, and Mn is 0.25-0.35%, and P < 0.02%; S < 0.025%; All the other are the iron wire of Fe, the overall length of the high-carbon steel wire of getting and iron wire suitable, the volume percent that control high-carbon steel wire and iron wire account for material altogether is 5-40%; High-carbon steel wire and iron wire are pressed ordinary method respectively at plating nickel on surface, and the thickness of nickeling layer is the 50-500 micron;
Ordinary method by cleaning ball production is respectively got rhizoid formation globular mixing mariages wire group with above-mentioned nickel coated high-carbon steel wire and nickel coated iron wire; Wire group's diameter is 10-15cm; Number of metal silk group is put into casting mold mo(u)ld bottom half die cavity; The tightness of wire group guarantees that by the volume percent decision that high-carbon steel wire and iron wire account for material altogether wire group just in time piles casting mold; After deploying, the mo(u)ld top half of casting mold is placed on the mo(u)ld bottom half, molten iron pouring is waited in the mould assembling back that finishes;
The preparation of malleable iron material matrix: percentage composition C is 2.2%～2.4% by weight, and Si is 1.1%～1.3%, and Mn is 0.4-0.6%, and Zr is 0.5-1%, and < 0.08%, < 0.25%, all the other prepare burden for the malleable iron of Fe S P; Malleable iron melts in the raw material induction furnace, forms liquid molten iron, and temperature of fusion is 1450-1500 ℃;
Above-mentioned malleable iron molten iron is poured into the dry sand casting mold that wire group is housed; Liquid molten iron surrounds wire group; Cooled and solidified then; To solidify the cast iron that obtains again and put into electric furnace thermal treatment and be heated to 920-950 ℃, and be incubated furnace cooling after 5-9 hour, promptly obtaining with malleable iron is the wear-resisting malleable iron material that wherein is distributed with wire group of base.
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| CN101705419A (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2010-05-12 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Preparation technology of vanadium carbide reinforced nodular cast iron base composite material |
| CN101709439A (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2010-05-19 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Nodular cast iron-based in-situ tantalum carbide composite material preparation process |
| CN101921942A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-12-22 | 南京信息工程大学 | Finely crystalline iron-stibium fiber and pumice magnesium alloy composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| JPS5450559A (en) * | 1977-09-30 | 1979-04-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Manufacture of flue-gas fan blades |
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| CN101705419A (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2010-05-12 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Preparation technology of vanadium carbide reinforced nodular cast iron base composite material |
| CN101709439A (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2010-05-19 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Nodular cast iron-based in-situ tantalum carbide composite material preparation process |
| CN101921942A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-12-22 | 南京信息工程大学 | Finely crystalline iron-stibium fiber and pumice magnesium alloy composite material and preparation method thereof |
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