A kind of surface reinforcing method of yoke pull bar
Technical field
The invention belongs to the metal material surface strengthening technologies field.Be specifically related to a kind of surface reinforcing method of yoke pull bar.
Background technology
In generating and power transmission, conversion also is the gordian technique of a core between electric energy and kinetic energy.Relate to the material aspect generator unit stator and rotor material, motor stator and rotor material and transformer chip are just arranged, they are generally formed by the siliconized plate closed assembly after many impact briquettings, the slit requires very little between the every siliconized plate, otherwise iron loss is big in stator or the iron core, the unit energy waste is big, energy conversion rate is low, and easily heating makes that unit can not be stablized, efficient and safe work.
The general fixing and tensioning siliconized plate of yoke pull bar that adopts makes in the soft magnetic materials iron core between siliconized plate seamlessly and pile pieces coefficient is good, makes the yoke pull bar bear tensile stress for a long time to compress siliconized plate; Siliconized plate makes the yoke pull bar be subjected to bigger repeated stress because of magnetostriction size and shape in alternating magnetic field can change.Therefore, except that intensity the high and good toughness, the insulating coating and the fatigue property of damage silicon-steel sheet is ungood for dimensional precision height (being beneficial to the closed assembly of siliconized plate), smooth in appearance in addition to the performance requriements of yoke pull bar.
The property relationship of yoke pull bar is to the safe and highly efficient operation of generating set, mechanical means and electrical network, and abroad the material selected for use of some countries is a low-alloy medium carbon steel, and tissue mostly is modifier treatment; The operational path of drawing, grinding is then adopted in domestic processing, and surface strengthening generally adopts nitriding or shot peening, product processed dimensional precision deficiency, and intensity or fatigue property can not satisfy user's service requirements, and production efficiency is low.Especially microscopic defects such as some scuffings, tiny crack on surface in the course of processing, grinding and subsequently operation can not get repairing, prior art is limited to the improvement of parts list layer tissue structure, its performance Chang Buneng satisfies on-the-spot requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the prior art defective, and purpose provides a kind of surface reinforcing method of yoke pull bar, and this method can directly be utilized existing milling train, cost is low, simple for process, production efficiency is high and safety and environmental protection; Adopt this method can make product subsurface introduce residual compressive stress, the top layer tiny crack obtains repairing, and dimensional precision, surface smoothness and service life improve.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the blank with the yoke pull bar carries out modified thermal treatment earlier, reface is to the specified size of yoke pull bar, and the yoke pull bar top layer after adopting two-roller mill to turning is then carried out the viscous deformation that rolls that nanostructure strengthens and handled.
The viscous deformation processing that rolls that nanostructure is strengthened is: roll relatively rotates with 15~50 rev/mins, angle is 10~26 ° between top and bottom rolls, top and bottom rolls simultaneously to the yoke pull bar along with roll mandrel to vertical direction roll, roll 1~5 time, the stepping rate of yoke pull bar is 10~30m/min.
In the technique scheme: the total reduction of two-roller mill is 0.01~0.04mm.The blank material of yoke pull bar is a kind of in medium carbon steel, soft steel and the low-alloy medium carbon steel, is shaped as stock axle class.
Owing to adopt technique scheme, the present invention improves the processing technology of shaft-like modified part, again to roll generation mill, directly utilizes existing two-roller mill and regulates the yoke pull bar top layer of processing parameter after to turning and roll after the turning, do not increase new installation, so cost is low, equipment is simple; Carry out nano surface substructure intensive treatment with rolling the yoke pull bar of roll mode after to turning, make the top layer introduce residual compressive stress and form nanostructure and improve its intensity or fatigability, making the top layer tiny crack can obtain reparation, dimensional precision and smooth finish is improved, thereby simple for process, production efficiency height and safety and environmental protection.
Top and bottom rolls carries out the rolling compaction of certain speed simultaneously to the yoke pull bar after the turning, frictional force is big between yoke pull bar after the turning and the roll, its top layer is subjected to frictional force compression chord again simultaneously, introduce the abundant residues stress, the top layer tiny crack is repaired in generation, the expansion of this energy delay fatigue crackle, improves the fatigue strength of part, make the surface structure densification, increase the anti-fatigue performance and the erosion resistance of yoke pull bar.Textura epidermoidea induces and separates out nanometer precipitation strength phase under big stress, further strengthening material.Surfaceness can drop to 0.16 μ m.
Top and bottom rolls roll the surface of having strengthened the yoke pull bar, the viscous deformation of viscous deformation nanostructure intensive treatment is handled, be that yoke pull bar surface is along because of the twisting resistance that roll gives severe deformation taking place with the roll line vertical direction, overall performance to the yoke pull bar does not influence, make yoke pull bar top layer form the nanostructure tissue of thick 28~60 μ m, the top layer all becomes continuous gradient to distribute to the tissue of heart portion material with performance.
The yoke pull bar of top and bottom rolls after to turning imposes and rolls, and its radial dimension is dwindled, and can adjust product size precision height in 0.1~0.4mm scope.
Top and bottom rolls is to the different directions enforcement effect of yoke pull bar top layer, make yoke rod material top layer in application of force direction generation viscous deformation, introduce that the subgrain boundary plane defect sharply rises in a large amount of nonequilibrium defects and the crystal grain, make subgrain boundary become crystal boundary like this, make grain refining become nanocrystal; Adjust nanocrystal and a large amount of twin that the roll shop building angle can form controllable size, make yoke pull bar top layer form the tissue of nanostructure fast, thereby improve the toughness and the fatigue property of the integral body of the surface strength of yoke pull bar and yoke pull bar, surface smoothness improves.Tiny crack is also rolled stitching by relative direction in the tissue, repairs surface imperfection, and service life is improved on the surface of enhanced products.
Surface strengthening technology of the present invention is compared with existing yoke pull bar surface strengthening technology, characteristics are that yoke pull bar surface structure is from nanometer in the process of rolling, by the yoke pull bar after the turning is rolled, satisfied material and had high strength, high-fatigue strength, high-plasticity and good comprehensive mechanical property requirement simultaneously.
Therefore, the present invention has that cost is low, technology is simple and easy, equipment is simple, the characteristics of safety and environmental protection, is the material surface strengthening method of the Sustainable development under a kind of low-carbon economy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the yoke pull bar unrelieved stress that obtains of a kind of surface strengthening method of the present invention is along the layer depth distribution plan;
To be the present invention roll the yoke pull bar surfaceness figure that the surface strengthening method of number of times obtains through difference to Fig. 2;
Fig. 3 is the nanostructure tissue on the yoke pull bar top layer that obtains of a kind of surface strengthening method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the nano-strengthening phase in the yoke pull bar top layer that obtains of a kind of surface strengthening method of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described to embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, is not the restriction to protection domain.
Embodiment 1
A kind of surface reinforcing method of yoke pull bar.Earlier the blank with the yoke pull bar carries out modified thermal treatment, and reface is to the specified size of yoke pull bar, and the yoke pull bar top layer after adopting two-roller mill to turning is then carried out the viscous deformation that rolls that nanostructure strengthens and handled.
The viscous deformation processing that rolls that nanostructure is strengthened is: roll relatively rotates with 15~25 rev/mins, angle is 20~26 ° between top and bottom rolls, top and bottom rolls simultaneously to the yoke pull bar along with roll mandrel to vertical direction roll, roll 1~3 time, the stepping rate of yoke pull bar is 10~15m/min.
In the present embodiment: the total reduction of two-roller mill is 0.01~0.03mm.The blank material of yoke pull bar is the 42CrMo in the low-alloy medium carbon steel, is shaped as stock axle class.
The detected result of the prepared yoke pull bar of present embodiment is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment 2
A kind of surface reinforcing method of yoke pull bar.Earlier the blank with the yoke pull bar carries out modified thermal treatment, and reface is to the specified size of yoke pull bar, and the yoke pull bar top layer after adopting two-roller mill to turning is then carried out the viscous deformation that rolls that nanostructure strengthens and handled.
The viscous deformation processing that rolls that nanostructure is strengthened is: roll relatively rotates with 25~35 rev/mins, angle is 18~23 ° between top and bottom rolls, top and bottom rolls simultaneously to the yoke pull bar along with roll mandrel to vertical direction roll, roll 2~4 times, the stepping rate of yoke pull bar is 15~20m/min.
In the present embodiment: the total reduction of two-roller mill is 0.02~0.04mm.The blank material of yoke pull bar is the 40Cr in the medium carbon steel, is shaped as stock axle class.
The detected result of the prepared yoke pull bar of present embodiment is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Embodiment 3
A kind of surface reinforcing method of yoke pull bar.Earlier the blank with the yoke pull bar carries out modified thermal treatment, and reface is to the specified size of yoke pull bar, and the yoke pull bar top layer after adopting two-roller mill to turning is then carried out the viscous deformation that rolls that nanostructure strengthens and handled.
The viscous deformation processing that rolls that nanostructure is strengthened is: roll relatively rotates with 35~45 rev/mins, angle is 15~22 ° between top and bottom rolls, top and bottom rolls simultaneously to the yoke pull bar along with roll mandrel to vertical direction roll, roll 2~3 times, the stepping rate of yoke pull bar is 20~25m/min.
In the present embodiment: the total reduction of two-roller mill is 0.01~0.02mm.The blank material of yoke pull bar is the 34CrNiMo2 in the low-alloy medium carbon steel, is shaped as stock axle class.
The detected result of the prepared yoke pull bar of present embodiment is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
Embodiment 4
A kind of surface reinforcing method of yoke pull bar.Earlier the blank with the yoke pull bar carries out modified thermal treatment, and reface is to the specified size of yoke pull bar, and the yoke pull bar top layer after adopting two-roller mill to turning is then carried out the viscous deformation that rolls that nanostructure strengthens and handled.
The viscous deformation processing that rolls that nanostructure is strengthened is: roll relatively rotates with 40~50 rev/mins, angle is 10~16 ° between top and bottom rolls, top and bottom rolls simultaneously to the yoke pull bar along with roll mandrel to vertical direction roll, roll 2~3 times, the stepping rate of yoke pull bar is 20~30m/min.
In the present embodiment: the total reduction of two-roller mill is 0.02~0.04mm.The blank material of yoke pull bar is 20 steel in the soft steel, is shaped as stock axle class.
The detected result of the prepared yoke pull bar of present embodiment is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
Embodiment 5
A kind of surface reinforcing method of yoke pull bar.Earlier the blank with the yoke pull bar carries out modified thermal treatment, and reface is to the specified size of yoke pull bar, and the yoke pull bar top layer after adopting two-roller mill to turning is then carried out the viscous deformation that rolls that nanostructure strengthens and handled.
The viscous deformation processing that rolls that nanostructure is strengthened is: roll relatively rotates with 40~50 rev/mins, angle is 15~25 ° between top and bottom rolls, top and bottom rolls simultaneously to the yoke pull bar along with roll mandrel to vertical direction roll, roll 3~5 times, the stepping rate of yoke pull bar is 15~20m/min.
In the present embodiment: the total reduction of two-roller mill is 0.03~0.04mm.The blank material of yoke pull bar is the 16Mn in the soft steel, is shaped as stock axle class.
The detected result of the prepared yoke pull bar of present embodiment is as shown in table 5.
Table 5
This embodiment is improved the processing technology of shaft-like modified part, again to roll generation mill, directly utilizes existing two-roller mill and regulates the yoke pull bar top layer of processing parameter after to turning and roll after the turning, does not increase new installation, so cost is low, equipment is simple; Carry out nano surface substructure intensive treatment with rolling the yoke pull bar of roll mode after to turning, make the top layer introduce residual compressive stress and form nanostructure and improve its intensity or fatigability, making the top layer tiny crack can obtain reparation, dimensional precision and smooth finish is improved, thereby simple for process, production efficiency height and safety and environmental protection.
Top and bottom rolls carries out the rolling compaction of certain speed simultaneously to the yoke pull bar after the turning, frictional force is big between yoke pull bar after the turning and the roll, its top layer is subjected to frictional force compression chord again simultaneously, introduces the abundant residues stress, and yoke pull bar unrelieved stress as shown in Figure 1 is along the layer depth distribution plan.The top layer tiny crack is repaired in generation, the expansion of this energy delay fatigue crackle, improves the fatigue strength of part, makes the surface structure densification, increases the anti-fatigue performance and the erosion resistance of yoke pull bar.Textura epidermoidea induces and separates out nanometer precipitation strength phase under big stress, further strengthening material.Surfaceness can drop to below the 0.16 μ m as shown in Figure 2.
Top and bottom rolls roll the surface of having strengthened the yoke pull bar, the viscous deformation of viscous deformation nanostructure intensive treatment is handled, be that yoke pull bar surface is along because of the twisting resistance that roll gives severe deformation taking place with the roll line vertical direction, overall performance to the yoke pull bar does not influence, make yoke pull bar top layer form the nanostructure tissue of thick 28~60 μ m, the top layer all becomes continuous gradient to distribute to the tissue of heart portion material with performance.
The yoke pull bar of top and bottom rolls after to turning imposes and rolls, and its radial dimension is dwindled, and can adjust product size precision height in 0.1~0.4mm scope.
Top and bottom rolls is to the different directions enforcement effect of yoke pull bar top layer, make yoke rod material top layer in application of force direction generation viscous deformation, introduce that the subgrain boundary plane defect sharply rises in a large amount of nonequilibrium defects and the crystal grain, make subgrain boundary become crystal boundary like this, make grain refining become nanocrystal, obtain the nanostructure tissue on yoke pull bar top layer as shown in Figure 3; Adjust nanocrystal and a large amount of twins that the roll shop building angle can form controllable size, make yoke pull bar top layer form the tissue of nanostructure, the nano-strengthening phase in the yoke pull bar top layer as shown in Figure 4 fast.Thereby improve the toughness and the fatigue property of the integral body of the surface strength of yoke pull bar and yoke pull bar, surface smoothness improves.Tiny crack is also rolled stitching by relative direction in the tissue, repairs surface imperfection, and service life is improved on the surface of enhanced products.
Surface strengthening technology of the present invention is compared with existing yoke pull bar surface strengthening technology, characteristics are that yoke pull bar surface structure is from nanometer in the process of rolling, by the yoke pull bar after the turning is rolled, satisfied material and had high strength, high-fatigue strength, high-plasticity and good comprehensive mechanical property requirement simultaneously.
Therefore, the present invention has that cost is low, technology is simple and easy, equipment is simple, the characteristics of safety and environmental protection, is the material surface strengthening method of the sustainable development under a kind of low-carbon economy.