CN102042224A - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a scroll compressor in which check valves are arranged neatly and miniaturized for realizing high efficiency and low cost. In the scroll compressor, a central part is provided with an exhaust path which is communicated with an exhaust chamber (13); a first compression chamber (11a) and a second compression chamber (11b) are respectively provided with a first bypass path (28) and a second bypass path (29) which are communicated with the exhaust chamber in the middle part of compression. The first bypass path and the second bypass path are respectively composed of at least one hole. The exhaust path and each bypass path are respectively provided with a check valve (24). The bypass path of the compression chamber at the outer wall side of a scroll has a smaller number of the holes and larger area of the hole compared with a bypass path of the compression chamber at the inner wall side of the scroll. The holes on the first bypass path and the second bypass path are set parallelly as possible. The check valves are arranged neatly for obtaining high compactness, small size and cost reduction. The coexistence of high efficiency and low cost is obtained.

Description

Scroll compressor

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of scroll compressor that is used for machines such as air conditioner, refrigerating machine, blower, water heater.

Background technique

Existing scroll compressor forms the fixed scroll of scroll wrap and moving scroll and is meshing with each other and forms a plurality of pressing chambers on runner plate, on moving scroll, link bent axle with eccentric part, utilize Oldham coupling to prevent rotation and rotatablely move, when volume gradually reduces, constantly compress towards the center.Existing scroll compressor has following feature, and suction chamber is positioned at the outer part of the vortex that forms compression volume, and tap hole is arranged on the central part of vortex, and the determined setting compression ratio of volume the when volume when being finished by suction finishes with compression is constant.Therefore, for a kind of operating condition with certain specific suction pressure and head pressure,, just can realize meeting the high efficiency scroll compressor of this operating condition as long as set a proper compression ratio.

Yet under actual conditions, if this scroll compressor uses as the idle call coolant compressor, because air-conditioning load meeting produces change under the effect of conditions such as outside air temperature and humidity, suction pressure and head pressure various variations will occur among 1 year.And under the changed speed operation condition that adopts VFC, pressure range also can further enlarge.So, because the gap between actual running compression ratio and the setting compression ratio has caused compressing generation not enough and excess compression running phenomenon.When compression is not enough, in near the tap hole the dead volume residual higher pressure refrigerant gas intermittently adverse current behind pressing chamber, caused input power (power consumption) to increase by compression once again, when excessive compression, can generation exceed the unnecessary compression power of necessary power, thereby also can cause input power to increase.

As a kind of means that alleviate excess compression, comparatively common method is that by-pass hole is set, and drains into by by-pass hole in the pressing chamber that fluid is not opened as yet from tap hole exactly and discharges the chamber, so that reduce the excess compression loss.But, just as previously described, compressing under the not enough operating condition, can produce the recompression that dead volume the caused loss of by-pass hole, therefore, just there is a suitable scope in the flow path cross-sectional area of by-pass hole.Particularly in the outer wall side of the scroll wrap scroll compressor different with the volume of two independent compression chambers inclosures of inwall side, the OK range of the flow path cross-sectional area of the by-pass hole of each pressing chamber has nothing in common with each other, so, the method of people's employing many times is exactly to set a by-pass hole flow path cross-sectional area that matches with each pressing chamber inclosure volume, so that reduce the excess compression loss.

Now, the method as this class reduction excess compression has had various technology to be disclosed, and an example wherein can be with reference to Japan Patent 3,942,784.The front view of Fig. 8 for seeing from the scroll wrap 101a side of fixed scroll 101 in this patent.As shown in Figure 8, be assembled on the 2nd pressing chamber 103b of the 1st pressing chamber 103a of outer wall side of scroll wrap 102a of the moving scroll of representing with oblique line 102 on the fixed scroll 101 and inwall side, the a plurality of by-pass hole 104a that adjoin each other that are formed at fixed scroll 101 have been offered, 104b, 104c, 105a, 105b, the inwall 101b of quiet scroll wrap 101a extends near the suction port, the volume that the volume that the 1st pressing chamber 103a is enclosed is enclosed greater than the 2nd pressing chamber 103b, be asymmetric eddy's structure, the by-pass hole 104a of the 1st pressing chamber 103a, 104b, the number of 104c is more than the by-pass hole 105a of the 2nd pressing chamber 103b, the number of 105b.

And, the front view that the opposition side from quiet scroll wrap 101a shown in Figure 9 is seen, be formed with spot-facing 106a, the 106b of the by-pass hole 104a, the 104b that comprise each pressing chamber 103a, 103b, 104c, 105a, 105b, have the safety check 107 that is respectively applied for the 2nd bypass path of opening and closing the 1st bypass path that by-pass hole 104a, 104b, 104c by the adjacency of the 1st pressing chamber 103a side form and forming by by-pass hole 105a, the 105b of the adjacency of the 2nd pressing chamber 103b side.Therefore, safety check 107 will promote easily, just can be by suppressing to discharge loss the time lag that safety check 107 promotes.

Under adopting in the above-mentioned patent structure after, by the dead volume of by-pass hole being controlled at necessary inferior limit, not only when compression is not enough, can reduce the recompression loss, and can also when excess compression, guarantee suitable flow path cross-sectional area and the lifting that promotes safety check, thereby reduce the excess compression loss, provide a kind of can the corresponding high efficiency scroll compressor of operating range widely.Yet, the safety check that comprises a plurality of by-pass holes, compare with the safety check that has only a by-pass hole with identical flow path cross-sectional area, volume can be bigger, therefore, the safety check that two safety check of by-pass hole of the 1st pressing chamber and the 2nd pressing chamber and tap hole will be set simultaneously is 3 safety check altogether, the quite difficulty that can become, and 3 safety check are easy to be disperseed be provided with.

And, if design guarantees that the by-pass hole meeting is opened when the compression ratio of pressing chamber roughly arrives target running compression ratio, so, in the roughly the same symmetrical eddy's structure of the volume that the 1st pressing chamber and the 2nd pressing chamber are enclosed, the compression ratio of the 1st pressing chamber and the 2nd pressing chamber will almost arrive the running compression ratio simultaneously, therefore, can be the involute initial angle with quiet scroll wrap outer wall curve the involuted angle of by-pass hole position of each pressing chamber of benchmark 180 degree that stagger relatively in theory, the by-pass hole general alignment that is arranged on the tap hole at approximate centre position and each pressing chamber is on same straight line, just can concentrate 3 safety check compactly and be set together, and according to above-mentioned existing structure, in the inclosure volume of the 1st pressing chamber and the 2nd pressing chamber asymmetric eddy's structure also inequality, because it is different with the compression ratio of the 2nd pressing chamber at the 1st pressing chamber of certain moment, so be difficult to the by-pass hole of tap hole and each pressing chamber is arranged on same the straight line, 3 safety check just are provided with to such an extent that more disperse easily.

Moreover, in the operation process of reality, at gas under the influence of leakage of side pressing chamber upstream of downstream side pressing chamber and factor such as be heated, the indicator diagram of compression indoor pressure is different with the indicator diagram in heat insulation when compression, therefore, even symmetrical eddy's structure, the 1st pressing chamber and the 2nd pressing chamber roughly arrive the time point of running compression ratio some difference are arranged still, just very difficult the by-pass hole of tap hole and each pressing chamber is arranged on same the straight line.That is to say that no matter be symmetrical eddy's structure or asymmetric eddy's structure, the by-pass hole position that is fit to real-world operation is difficult to be arranged on same the straight line with tap hole.Particularly adopting under the situation of leaf valve as safety check, from promoting easiness and preventing to fracture, reduce the noise equal angles, leaf valve exists suitable length and width, so, if be not arranged in same on the straight line tap hole and by-pass hole on leaf valve is set, it is very complicated that setting method will become.

In addition, in order to prevent the leakage between the pressing chamber chamber, need design the diameter of by-pass hole forr a short time than the width of moving scroll wrap, therefore, many times, people can be provided with a plurality of by-pass holes at the curve along with quiet scroll wrap curve almost parallel of each pressing chamber, so that discharge the gas flow of regulation from by-pass hole.So; comprise a plurality of by-pass holes of each pressing chamber and in the seal length of guaranteeing between leaf valve and the by-pass hole export department, make the axle of the length direction of the minimized leaf valve with ellipticity head of the width of safety check; just can not be parallel with the 2nd pressing chamber with the 1st pressing chamber; 3 leaf valves that comprise the leaf valve of tap hole will be towards all directions, can't marshalling.

Particularly be located in a plurality of by-pass holes on the moving scroll, because the by-pass hole of the 2nd pressing chamber is arranged on the origination side than the more close quiet scroll wrap of by-pass hole of the 1st pressing chamber, when identical involuted angle is spent so by-pass hole is staggered, the magnitude of misalignment of the angle of leaf valve longitudinal axis is bigger at the 2nd pressing chamber, very big influence is caused for the setting of 3 leaf valves in the position that is opened in a plurality of by-pass holes of the 2nd pressing chamber, becomes one of key factor in the leaf valve miniaturization Design.

As mentioned above, if be that the safety check of representative is disperseed to be provided with the leaf valve, so, the air-flow that ejects after safety check is opened will be hindered by the other side's safety check mutually, and the pressure loss will increase, and also can aggravate the problem of noise.And, be provided for isolating the scroll compressor of the isolating part of discharging chamber and seal container inner space and the baffler that is used for reducing noise in the safety check side of fixed scroll, because the dispersion setting of safety check, feasible design has to adopt more large-scale isolating part and baffler, also can cause cost to rise.Even do not adopt at safety check under the situation of leaf valve, when for example adopting free valve, this problem is still same to be existed, disperse to be arranged so that free valve maximizes, thereby cause cost to rise, meanwhile, the cost of isolating part and baffler also can rise.

On the other hand, the quantity of the by-pass hole of each pressing chamber is many more, and the crank angle range that by-pass hole is opened at pressing chamber is just big more, and the scope of the running compression ratio that plays a role of by-pass hole is also big more thereupon, so, be favourable from the aspect of increasing work efficiency.Therefore, in the dead volume of as far as possible controlling by-pass hole, increase the quantity of by-pass hole as much as possible, do safety check more compact small and exquisitely again, just become scroll compressor to realize high efficiency and crucial cheaply.

Summary of the invention

The present invention proposes for the problem that solves above-mentioned present existence, purpose of the present invention just provide a kind of can be in the loss of the discharge in thereby the quantity that increases by-pass hole as far as possible reduces the broad operating range, by make the safety check overall alignment more neatly, more compact small and exquisite, make safety check effluent air streamline more appropriate, thereby reduce to discharge loss, and the high efficiency that reduces cost of the miniaturization by isolating part and baffler, scroll compressor cheaply.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, scroll compressor of the present invention has following structure: the central part of one of them at least of fixed scroll or moving scroll forms and leads to the discharge path of discharging the chamber, the 1st pressing chamber and the 2nd pressing chamber form bypass to the 1st bypass path of discharging the chamber and the 2nd bypass path respectively in the compression halfway, the 1st bypass path and the 2nd bypass path are made of a hole respectively separately at least, safety check is set respectively on discharge path and bypass path, the bypass path of the pressing chamber of a side's of formation bypass path scroll wrap outer wall side among fixed scroll or the moving scroll, compare with the bypass path of the pressing chamber of scroll wrap inwall side, the quantity in hole still less, the area in hole is bigger.

In structure in the past, 3 safety check on tap hole and each bypass path are disperseed to be provided with, and have caused problems, as: owing to make that from the interference of the eluting gas of safety check discharging loss increases; The maximization of the isolating part of covering safety check etc. causes cost to rise, if and adopt this structure, thereby not only when turning round, excess compression can reduce the discharge loss to bypass of fluid to discharging the chamber reliably, and the arrangement in the hole of the 1st bypass path and the 2nd bypass path can be arranged in parallel as far as possible, allow the safety check proper alignment, make it more compact small and exquisite, therefore, both can be by having suppressed interference from the eluting gas of safety check, discharge loss thereby reduce, can also reduce cost by making the miniaturizations such as isolating part that cover safety check.

Thereby scroll compressor of the present invention not only can reduce the discharge loss to bypass of fluid to discharging the chamber reliably when excess compression turns round, and the arrangement in the hole of the 1st bypass path and the 2nd bypass path can be arranged in parallel as far as possible, allow the safety check proper alignment, make it more compact small and exquisite, therefore, both can be by having suppressed interference from the eluting gas of safety check, discharge loss thereby reduce, can also reduce cost by making the miniaturizations such as isolating part that cover safety check, make high efficiency with simultaneously low-cost and to be saved as be possible.

The scroll compressor of the present invention's the 1st scheme is, Vorticose quiet scroll wrap and moving scroll wrap are intermeshed, form a pair of pressing chamber between two scroll, from rotation member the scroll generation is rotatablely moved with preventing by bent axle, thereby the 1st pressing chamber of moving scroll wrap outer wall side and the 2nd pressing chamber of moving scroll wrap inwall side are passed the generation volume-variation with compressed fluid continuously from the suction side towards discharging side respectively, wherein, by following structure: the central part of one of them at least of fixed scroll or moving scroll forms and leads to the discharge path of discharging the chamber, the 1st pressing chamber and the 2nd pressing chamber form bypass to the 1st bypass path of discharging the chamber and the 2nd bypass path respectively in the compression halfway, the 1st bypass path and the 2nd bypass path are made of a hole respectively separately at least, safety check is set respectively on discharge path and bypass path, the bypass path of a side's of formation bypass path scroll wrap outer wall side pressing chamber among fixed scroll or the moving scroll, compare with the bypass path of the pressing chamber of scroll wrap inwall side, the quantity in hole still less, the area in hole is bigger.Like this, thereby the quantity that not only can increase by-pass hole as far as possible reduces the discharge loss in the broad operating range, and the quantity of the by-pass hole of pressing chamber that can be by reducing the scroll wrap outer wall side that forms bypass path side among fixed scroll or the moving scroll as far as possible, and enlarge the area of this path as far as possible, thereby allow safety check do compact as far as possible small and exquisitely, the arrangement in the hole of the 1st bypass path and the 2nd bypass path can also be arranged in parallel as far as possible, 3 safety check of the safety check that comprises tap hole proper alignment all, make it more compact small and exquisite, make safety check effluent air streamline more appropriate, discharge loss thereby reduce, can reduce cost by making isolating part and baffler miniaturization again.

The 2nd scheme is, particularly on the basis of the scroll compressor of the 1st scheme, by on fixed scroll, forming bypass path, not only make the setting of the safety check in the bypass path become simple and convenient, and can constitute the gas that ejects from the compression mechanical part gas channel in seal container before outside being discharged to seal container very simply.

The 3rd scheme is, particularly on the basis of the scroll compressor of the 1st or the 2nd scheme, safety check is made of the spool of the thin plate valve guard with the sphere of activities that is used to limit spool, at least 2 spools that are separately positioned on discharge path and the bypass path form integral structure, perhaps, at least 2 valve guards that are separately positioned on discharge path and the bypass path form integral structure, thereby so that when reducing component number reduction component cost, reduce assembly cost by the reduction of assembling man-hour, and control the risk of the safety check function reduction that causes because of assembly defect.

The 4th scheme is, particularly on the basis of the scroll compressor of arbitrary scheme of the 1st～3 scheme, be designed to the different asymmetric eddy's structure of inclosure volume of the 1st pressing chamber and the 2nd pressing chamber by bar structure, in the bigger asymmetric vortex of the inclosure volume of the 1st pressing chamber, because the path that the inlet hole of the termination portion of the scroll wrap from the fixed scroll that is arranged on high temperature plays in the quiet scroll wrap till the closed position of the 1st pressing chamber is shortened, being heated of cryogenic gas is suppressed, thereby can improve volumetric efficiency.

On the other hand, undertaken in the scroll compressor of ability control by being arranged on than the other bypass inlet hole more close vortex origination side of inlet hole of the termination portion of the scroll wrap of fixed scroll, outside the inlet hole, because it is big that the inclosure volume of the 2nd pressing chamber becomes, this structure also can obtain the effect identical with the 1st scheme.

The 5th scheme is, particularly on the basis of the scroll compressor of the arbitrary scheme in the 1st～4 scheme, by isolating part or baffler being set discharging between the inner space of chamber, compression mechanical part and the seal container of taking in its motor of driving, utilize isolating part to prolong seal container gas inside stream, can separate mist of oil effectively, thereby suppress oil leakage to the seal container outside, utilize baffler can suppress the noise that compression mechanical part slide part and safety check are produced.And, by safety check being done more compact small and exquisite, can make isolating part or baffler also do forr a short time, can reduce cost of material.

In addition, because compression mechanical part is located at the vertical scroll compressor of the upside of motor, its compression mechanical part can not be subjected to the heat effects from the high temperature oil that is stored in the seal container bottom, so efficient is very high, generally be extensive use of, and being used this class scroll compressor, the structure of the 4th scheme gets on, just can the implementation efficiency height, oil is discharged few, the effect that noise is low, and, compression mechanical part is located at vertical scroll compressor and the compression mechanical part and the horizontal horizontal type scroll formula compressor of motor of the downside of motor, need to be used to isolate the isolating part of discharging chamber and bottom storage oil too, so, be expected to obtain same effect.

The 6th scheme is, particularly on the basis of the scroll compressor of the arbitrary scheme in the 1st～5 scheme, by apply pressure at the back side of moving scroll greater than suction pressure, allow scroll be against and carry out compression operation on the fixed scroll, the phenomenon that the leakage loss that can suppress moving scroll to deviate from fixed scroll when low compression ratio turns round and cause increases, meanwhile the pressure of each pressing chamber drops to the pressure when approaching heat insulation the compression.When the basic crank angle that arrives the running compression ratio moves forward, the opening of bypass path will be opened at the pressing chamber of more close discharge side and it is arranged on the vortex origination side, make the moving scroll of bypass path to be set or the scroll wrap curvature of fixed scroll becomes littler, so that the proper alignment of safety check and miniaturization become is more difficult.Therefore, if adopt the structure of this programme, effect will be more remarkable.

The 7th scheme is, particularly on the basis of the scroll compressor of arbitrary scheme of the 1st～6 scheme, form spot-facing by safety check side end in bypass path, make safety check action back diminish for the pressing force of the surface of contact of safety check before promoting, it is more or less freely that lifting becomes, and just can reduce the discharge loss that promoting lags behind causes.And, just must do greatly at the safety check of the part that forms spot-facing, it is even more important that the proper alignment of safety check and miniaturization just become, and therefore, if be applicable to this structure, effect will be more remarkable.

The 8th scheme is, particularly on the basis of the scroll compressor of arbitrary scheme of the 1st～7 scheme, the 1st bypass path and the 2nd bypass path are made of a plurality of holes, constitute the distance between centers in a plurality of holes of bypass path of the pressing chamber of the scroll wrap outer wall side that forms bypass path side among fixed scroll or the moving scroll, bigger than the distance between centers in a plurality of holes of the bypass path of the pressing chamber that constitutes scroll wrap inwall side.

Because the number in the hole of the bypass path of the pressing chamber of the scroll wrap outer wall side of formation bypass path side is lacked than the number in the hole of another bypass path among fixed scroll or the moving scroll, therefore, bypass path is communicated to shorter that time of closing or crank angle also can be than another bypass path from beginning and pressing chamber, the problem that causes the scope of compression ratio of performance bypass function to diminish, and according to this structure, just can guarantee to increase under number in the hole is than another bypass path condition still less opening time or opening crank angle to the pressing chamber of bypass path as far as possible, thus the compression ratio under can corresponding operating condition widely.

The 9th scheme is, particularly on the basis of the scroll compressor of the arbitrary scheme in the 1st～8 scheme, the bypass path design compression ratio is that the geometry compression ratio of moment of being communicated with bypass path respectively by the 1st pressing chamber and the 2nd pressing chamber is defined, the structure of bypass path is guaranteed to compare with the running compression ratio under the highest operating condition of generation frequency, and the bypass path design compression ratio is littler.

According to the feature that has a plurality of these scroll compressors of pressing chamber simultaneously, the pressure of pressing chamber since the revenue and expenditure that comes between the outflow of inflow and the suction chamber of side upstream of gas of pressing chamber in one of them downstream side (discharge side) concern, pressure during with the theoretical heat insulation compression not considering to leak and be heated is compared, sometimes bigger, littler sometimes.But along with going deep into of compression, it is big that the pressure ascending amount of crank angle and temperature ascending amount all can become, therefore the influence from the inflow of downstream side pressing chamber will become big, generally speaking, under more situation, the pressure during heat insulation compression of pressure ratio theory of pressing chamber is bigger.This that is to say that during compared with the heat insulation compression of theory, actual machine can arrive the crank angle of regulation compression ratio quickly.

As mentioned above, adopt this structure, can be corresponding than theory pressing chamber pressure rising faster, thereby can being communicated with inhibition at time point more early with pressing chamber, bypass path discharges loss, just can realize a kind of high efficiency scroll compressor.

The 10th scheme is, particularly on the basis of the scroll compressor of arbitrary scheme of the 1st～9 scheme, distance among fixed scroll or the moving scroll between each hole of the bypass path of the pressing chamber of the scroll wrap outer wall of formation bypass path side and formation scroll wrap outer wall side is constant, perhaps, the distance between each hole of the bypass path of the pressing chamber of scroll wrap internal face and formation scroll wrap inwall side is constant.

The bottom surface of the scroll wrap of another scroll that the end face of the scroll wrap of fixed scroll or moving scroll is relative with it contacts or keeps a small axial clearance, so that the seal compression chamber, thereby the gas leakage between the inhibition pressing chamber.

When the scroll wrap that forms bypass path side among fixed scroll or the moving scroll is closed the hole of bypass path, the zone of having only the hole of bypass path is the axial clearance that can't keep small, so, the maintenance beyond in this zone the leakage loss that causes for the gas leakage between the pressing chamber of the minimum seal length in zone of small axial clearance played very big effect.

As mentioned above, adopt this structure, a plurality of holes minimum seal length separately that constitutes bypass path is set at a constant suitable length, just can reduce leakage loss, thereby improve the working efficiency of compressor.

Yet, if a plurality of holes of bypass path are provided with at a certain distance along the scroll wrap wall, just be difficult to the hole marshalling of the 1st bypass path and the 2nd bypass path, therefore, adopt basic structure of the present invention just can bring into play bigger effect.

The 11st scheme is, particularly on the basis of the scroll compressor of the arbitrary scheme in the 1st～10 scheme, adopt carbon dioxide as working fluid, the bypass path of the pressing chamber of the scroll wrap outer wall side of formation bypass path side is made of 1 hole among fixed scroll or the moving scroll, the bypass path of another pressing chamber is made of 2 holes, like this, in the use by natural refrigerant carbon dioxide for when preventing that global warming from contributing, can also utilize itself and the refrigeration agent of freon series such as the HFC littler feature of specific volume circulating load mutually, corresponding total cross sectional area bypass path is done lessly, therefore, just can be controlled at inferior limit to the number in hole, thereby reduce expansion again by the dead volume residual gas in hole, the loss that recompression causes, and reduce machining period.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional view of the scroll compressor of embodiments of the invention 1,

Fig. 2 is the safety check side front view of the fixed scroll of this scroll compressor,

Fig. 3 is the front view of the compression process of this scroll compressor of explanation,

Fig. 4 is the front view with fixed scroll of structure in the past,

Fig. 5 is the front view of fixed scroll of the scroll compressor of embodiments of the invention 1,

Fig. 6 is the transverse sectional view of the compression mechanical part of embodiments of the invention 2,

Fig. 7 is the transverse sectional view of the compression mechanical part of embodiments of the invention 3,

Fig. 8 is the front view of the fixed scroll of scroll compressor in the past,

Fig. 9 is the safety check side front view of the fixed scroll of scroll compressor in the past.

Wherein 1 is seal container, and 3 is motor, and 4 is bent axle, and 6 is fixed scroll, 6b is quiet scroll wrap, and 9 are moving scroll, and 9a is moving scroll wrap, 11 is pressing chamber, and 11a is the 1st pressing chamber, and 11b is the 2nd pressing chamber, 12 is tap hole, and 13 for discharging the chamber, and 24 is safety check, 24a is a leaf valve, and 24b is a valve guard, and 26 is silencing apparatus, 28 is the 1st bypass path, and 29 is the 2nd bypass path, and 30 is spot-facing.

Embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are elaborated.It is pointed out that simultaneously embodiments of the invention do not have the effect that limits the scope of the invention.

(embodiment 1)

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional view of the scroll compressor of embodiments of the invention 1.In Fig. 1, the whole inside of seal container 1 made of iron is a hyperbaric environment that is communicated with discharge tube 2, central part at it is provided with motor 3, top is provided with compressing mechanism, the body frame 5 of compressing mechanism is fixed on the seal container 1, one end of the bent axle 4 of the rotor 3a of motor 3 is supported on this body frame 5, and on this body frame 5 fixed scroll 6 is installed.

Be provided with axial oily path 7 on bent axle 4, the one end leads to oil feed pump device 8, and the other end finally leads to the capacity eccentric bearing 10 of moving scroll 9.Form by rotation runner plate 9b with the moving scroll 9 of fixed scroll 6 engagements and formation pressing chamber 11, and rotation runner plate 9b forms by Vorticose moving scroll wrap 9a and capacity eccentric bearing 10 are erected, and is arranged between fixed scroll 6 and the body frame 5.

Fixed scroll 6 is by fixedly runner plate 6a and Vorticose quiet scroll wrap 6b form, the central part of quiet scroll wrap 6b is provided with tap hole 12 and leads to the discharge chamber 13 of tap hole 12, and outer part is provided with inlet hole 14 and compression beginning previous crops is the suction chamber 15 of fluid passage.

Be arranged on the eccentric shaft 16 of bent axle 4 upper end portions with respect to the spindle eccentricity of bent axle 4, have the structure that the capacity eccentric bearing 10 with moving scroll 9 is slidingly matched.Be provided with small gap between the back side 9c of rotation runner plate 9b and the end thrust containment surfaces 5a.This end thrust containment surfaces 5a is arranged on that to be used to limit moving scroll 9 on the body frame 5 axially movable, the end thrust containment surfaces 5a of body frame 5 goes up and by gap fiting mode annular seal parts 17 is installed, and the chamber 18, the back side that these annular seal parts 17 are inboard with it and the back pressure chamber 19 in the outside are separated.

Draw up the oily path 7 that the oil that comes passes through bent axle 4 by oil feed pump device 8, between the capacity eccentric bearing 10 that is directed into moving scroll 9 and the eccentric shaft 16 in the axial inner space 20 of formation, on the one hand through being located at the throttling damper portion 21 of the rotation mirror backboard face 9c that moves scroll 9, lead to and surround the back pressure chamber 19 that forms by fixed scroll 6 and body frame 5, moving scroll 9 being adjusted valve 22, fuel feeding path 22a by the back pressure that is pressed in the function on the quiet scroll wrap 6b, be directed to suction chamber 15 through having.On the other hand, by capacity eccentric bearing 10, chamber, the back side 18 and main bearing 23, be discharged to the compressing mechanism outside.

The check vavle device 24 that is used to open and close the outlet side of tap hole 12 is installed in the plane of the fixedly runner plate 6a of fixed scroll 6, and leaf valve 24a and valve guard 24b that this check vavle device 24 is made by sheet metal form.

The lower end of bent axle 4 is supported by supplementary bearing 25, and supplementary bearing 25 adopts welding or shrink fit mode to be fixed in the seal container 1, can stably rotate.Supplementary bearing 25 adopts the shaft bearing structures, and the oil that is drunk up by oil feed pump device 8 a wherein part is used for supplying with supplementary bearing 25.

Gas before discharge from the gas of tap hole 12 discharges and from discharge tube 2 compressed mechanism compression back, separate by silencing apparatus 26, gas after discharging from tap hole 12 is via the inner space of silencing apparatus 26, by being arranged near the downward gas flow path 27 the compressing mechanism periphery, the dotted arrow shown in going up according to figure is directed to the top of rotor 3a.Here the oil with lubricated discharge such as main bearing 23 parts such as grade collaborates, arrive rotor 3a bottom through the rotor path 3b that is arranged on rotor 3a inside, then, gas impacts stator 3c lower coil end with the fluid-mixing of oil under action of centrifugal force, and by gas-liquid separation.Gas after the gas-liquid separation is through the 9 stator path 3d that are arranged on stator 3c periphery, guide to motor 3 tops, by being arranged on the gas flow path that sign makes progress on the figure on the compressing mechanism, arrive compressing mechanism upside space, be discharged to the outside of seal container 1 again from discharge tube 2.

Fig. 2 is the figure of the fixed scroll 6 seen from safety check 24 sides, and what dot and dash line was represented is exactly safety check 24, constitutes by tap hole 12 and a pair of bypass path 28,29 are integrated.In addition, can also each surface of contact for fixed scroll 6 on, apply the structure of size than the spot-facing 30 of safety check 24 little circles.In addition, only on moving scroll 9, offer tap hole 12 and also can obtain the effect same, still, on fixed scroll 6, also offer tap hole 12 simultaneously with the present application, effect can be better, and the structure of the setting of safety check 24 and the interior gas channel of seal container also can be more simple and convenient.

Fig. 3 is the compression process figure of the pressing chamber 11 seen from quiet scroll wrap 6b side, and quiet scroll wrap 6b and moving scroll wrap 9a fit together.The 1st pressing chamber 11a that is formed at the outer wall side of moving scroll wrap 9a is the roughly the same symmetrical eddy's structure of sealed volume with the 2nd pressing chamber 11b that is formed at the inwall side.

The 1st bypass path 28 that the 1st pressing chamber 11a opens when arriving the running compression ratio of stipulating is made of the 1st bypass path hole 28a, these 3 holes of 28b, 28c, the 2nd bypass path 29 is made of these two holes of the 2nd bypass path hole 29a, 29b, and runs through runner plate 6a along the position that quiet scroll wrap 6b leaves the about certain distance of wall and be provided with.Total cross sectional area of the 1st bypass path 28 and the 2nd bypass path 29 about equally, the diameter of the 2nd bypass path hole 29a, 29b is bigger than the diameter of the 1st bypass path hole 28a, 28b, 28c.

Below, the action and the effect of scroll compressor with said structure described.Be depicted as the 1st pressing chamber 11a under the crank angle condition, the 2nd pressing chamber 11b as Fig. 3 (a) and close suction gas simultaneously, when moving scroll wrap 9a rotated to the crank angle of Fig. 3 (b), the 1st by-pass hole 28a and the 2nd by-pass hole 29a almost began to open to the 1st pressing chamber 11a and the 2nd pressing chamber 11b respectively simultaneously.At this moment, the compression ratio of each pressing chamber 11a, 11b has roughly arrived running compression ratio, substantially just head pressure.

Further compression, when arriving the crank angle of Fig. 3 (c), whole by-pass hole 28a of the 1st bypass path 28 and the 2nd bypass path 29,28b, 28c, 29a, 29b open to each pressing chamber 11a, 11b, simultaneously, quiet scroll wrap 6b and moving scroll wrap 9a begin to be separated from each other in central part vortex initial part.That is to say, be the moment that the 1st pressing chamber 11a and near the dead volume the 2nd pressing chamber 11b and the tap hole 12 all are communicated with and begin to become same pressure.After this crank angle, fluid is discharged to and discharges chamber 13 by tap hole 12 and each bypass path 28,29 these 3 paths.

If rising, the pressure of each pressing chamber 11a, 11b is in desirable heat insulation compressive state, from Fig. 3 (b) to Fig. 3 (c), the gas that has arrived each pressing chamber 11a, the 11b of head pressure is discharged to from separately bypass path 28,29 discharges chamber 13, because the sealed volume of each pressing chamber 11a, 11b is roughly the same, so circulating load also about equally, the flow path cross-sectional area of each bypass path 28,29 also about equally, thereby each pressing chamber 11a, 11b can balancedly discharge gas.

But, in real-world operation, the wall of quiet scroll wrap 6b and moving scroll wrap 9a and above the leakage of seal point of each pressing chamber 11a, 11b and the influence of the fixed scroll 6 that is in the condition of high temperature and the factors such as transmission of heat of 9 pairs of gases of moving scroll under, many times the pressure of each pressing chamber 11a, 11b is unbalanced.Generally speaking, under the influence of factors such as leakage and transmission of heat, the pressure of each pressing chamber 11a, 11b can be higher than the pressure in heat insulation when compression, so, in order to discharge effectively from each bypass path 28,29, need move each bypass path 28,29 toward sucking vortex termination side direction with the running compression ratio of regulation.

That is to say, if the geometry compression ratio of the moment that the 1st pressing chamber 11a, the 2nd pressing chamber 11b are communicated with each bypass path 28,29 respectively, be defined as the 1st bypass path design compression ratio and the 2nd bypass path design compression ratio, so, will design the 1st bypass path design compression ratio and the 2nd bypass path design compression ratio forr a short time than the running compression ratio of regulation.

This point also is identical under the situation of the different asymmetric eddy's structure of the sealed volume of each pressing chamber 11a, 11b.

Fig. 4 is under the situation of the 1st bypass path 28 in the past the structure identical with diameter with the number in the hole of the 2nd bypass path 29, for each bypass path 28, the figure that the situation of 29 ideal position when heat insulation when compression and real-world operation compares, the 1st by-pass hole 28c of formation the 1st bypass path 28 during with respect to heat insulation compression, 28d, 28e, constitute the 2nd by-pass hole 29c of the 2nd bypass path 29,29d, 29e, during real-world operation by the 1st by-pass hole 28a that moves on to behind the suction side, 28b, 28c and the 2nd by-pass hole 29a, 29b, these 2 holes of 29c constitute bypass path 28,29.

In this case, the position of the position of the 2nd bypass path 29 and the 1st bypass path 28 relatively, be in the vortex origination side of more close quiet scroll wrap 6b, because each by-pass hole 28a, 28b, 28c, 28d, 28e, 29a, 29b, 29c, 29d, 29e be arranged in parallel along quiet scroll wrap 6b, therefore constitute 3 the 2nd by-pass hole 29a of the 2nd bypass path 29 of the vortex origination side that is in the less quiet scroll wrap 6b of curvature, 29b, the arrangement of 29c, adopt in hypothesis under the situation of leaf valve with ellipticity head, the axle of the length direction of this leaf valve is with respect to the 2nd by-pass hole 29c in heat insulation when compression, 29d, the axle of the length direction of 29e tilts significantly.And this inclined degree is bigger than the 1st bypass path 28.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 5, in the quantity in the hole of adopting the 2nd bypass path 29 to the 1 bypass path 28 still less, under the situation of the structure of the present invention that diameter is bigger, the 1st by-pass hole 28c during heat insulation compression, 28d, 28e, the 2nd by-pass hole 29c, the 1st by-pass hole 28a of 29d when only 2 holes being moved on to real-world operation behind the suction side, 28b, 28c, the 2nd by-pass hole 29a, 29b compares, the 2nd by-pass hole 29c during heat insulation the compression, the 2nd by-pass hole 29a of axle during of the length direction of 29d with real-world operation, inclination between the axle of the length direction of 29b, littler than in the structure in the past shown in Figure 4.That is to say that the parallelism of the arrangement in the 1st bypass path 28 and the 2nd hole of bypass path 29 when design compression ratio changes is not easy to worsen.

Draw thus, in Fig. 2, have when guaranteeing real-world operation rightly each bypass path 28,29 of exhaust structure and the safety check 24 of tap hole 12 and can accomplish marshalling, be provided with in the compact set.So, can not interfere with each other from safety check 24 effluent airs, thereby can suppress to discharge the deterioration of loss, and, also have simultaneously function that gas in the discharge chamber 13 of discharging from tap hole 12 and gas partitions before discharging from discharge tube 2 are come and take into account reduce safety check 24 operating noise functions in silencing apparatus 26 miniaturizations, and thus by cutting down the effect of material cost to realize reducing cost.

Even the arrangement parallelism in the hole of the 1st bypass path 28 and the 2nd bypass path 29 is bad, also can by spot-facing 30 corresponding do big, the corresponding head of making big safety check 24 of while, what 3 of safety check 24 leaf valves still can marshalling so, but, after head became greatly, the lifting easness during from safety check 24 discharges, the impact sound when discharge end back safety check 24 cuts out etc. all can worsen, and safety check 24 volumes own also can become big.Therefore, the parallelism of the arrangement in the hole of the 1st bypass path 28 and the 2nd bypass path 29 is very important for the structure of safety check 24, and the present invention can remain on very little level to this parallelism.

In addition, the 2nd bypass path 29 might not need 2, both can increase according to the volume circulating load of gas, also can only constitute by 1.And the diameter in the hole that it is all might not need bigger than the diameter in the hole of the 1st bypass path 28, as long as can realize the proper alignment and the miniaturization of safety check 24, also can only do the diameter in 1 hole greatly.Further, though in the present embodiment, be to assemble man-hour with reducing to cut down the component number by the integral structure of safety check 24,, even 3 safety check 24 independent settings, the effect that the proper alignment of safety check 24 and miniaturization are played also is identical.

And especially in the scroll compressor of big cycle volume, because the increase of the quantity in the hole of each bypass path 28,29, it is very difficult that the proper alignment of safety check 24 and miniaturization meeting become, so, adopt structure of the present invention more to produce effect.

(embodiment 2)

Fig. 6 is the transverse sectional view of compression mechanical part in the embodiments of the invention 2.On fixed scroll 6, be provided with the 1st bypass path 28 that constitutes and the 2nd bypass path 29 that constitutes by 2 hole 29a, 29b by 3 hole 28a, 28b, 28c, because the 2nd bypass path 29 is compared the hole with the 1st bypass path 28 number still less, the area in hole is bigger, so, similarly to Example 1, the safety check of each bypass path 28,29 and tap hole 12 can be realized proper alignment and miniaturization.

Simultaneously, it is bigger that the distance between centers in the hole of the 2nd bypass path 29 is set than the 1st bypass path 28, can guarantee that the time that the 2nd bypass path 29 opens is long as much as possible in the 2nd pressing chamber 11b, just can corresponding operating condition widely compression ratio down, reduce the discharge that excess compression causes and lose.

In Fig. 6, expression be the asymmetric eddy's structure of the sealed volume of one the 1st pressing chamber 11a greater than the 2nd pressing chamber 11b.In this structure, because the position of each bypass path 28,29 is set not is roughly symmetrical, for proper alignment and the miniaturization that realizes safety check 24, many times have only and design the design compression ratio of the 1st bypass path 28 and the 2nd bypass path 29 differently, particularly in this case, adopt structure of the present invention, with the appropriate time that the easier proper alignment of taking into account safety check 24 simultaneously and miniaturization and each bypass path 28,29 are opened, can realize more efficiently high efficiency, cost degradation and low noiseization in each pressing chamber 11a, 11b.

In addition, at the volume circulating load of the 1st pressing chamber 11a characteristics greater than the 2nd pressing chamber 11b, bigger by what total cross sectional area of the 1st bypass path 28 is set than the 2nd bypass path 29, just can utilize separately pressing chamber 11a, 11b to control the excess compression that comes from bypass path 28,29, thereby guarantee suitable discharge, realized reducing the effect of discharging loss.

(embodiment 3)

Fig. 7 is the transverse sectional view of compression mechanical part in the embodiments of the invention 3.On fixed scroll 6, be provided with the 1st bypass path 28 that constitutes by 2 hole 28a, 28b and the 2nd bypass path 29 that constitutes by the area hole 29a bigger than these holes 28a, 28b, at the characteristics of volume of closing of the 1st pressing chamber 11a, set total cross sectional area of the 1st bypass path 28 greatlyyer than total cross sectional area of the 2nd bypass path 29 greater than the 2nd this asymmetric eddy's structure of pressing chamber 11b.Therefore, can either be similarly to Example 1, safety check proper alignment and miniaturization with each bypass path 28,29 and tap hole 12, again can be according to the flow path cross-sectional area of closing the bypass path 28,29 that volume settings matches of each pressing chamber 11a, 11b, thus the discharge loss that excess compression causes reduced.

Present embodiment has used natural refrigerant carbon dioxide as refrigeration agent, and the risk control of the global warming that can cause the refrigeration agent drainage is in inferior limit.

Owing to compare with the refrigeration agent of freon series such as HFC, carbon dioxide has the little feature of volume circulating load, so, can set total cross sectional area of each bypass path 28,29 smallerly, thereby the quantity in hole is controlled at inferior limit to be reduced and to expand, recompress loss that causes and minimizing machining period again because of the residual gas in the dead volume in hole.

As mentioned above, the scroll compressor that the present invention relates to, when turning round, excess compression reliably thereby bypass of fluid has been reduced the discharge loss to discharging the chamber, simultaneously, the arrangement in the hole of the 1st bypass path and the 2nd bypass path can be arranged in parallel as far as possible, thereby the proper alignment and the miniaturization of safety check have been realized, therefore reduce interference from the eluting gas of safety check and suppressed the discharge loss that caused, and the miniaturization of the isolating part by coating safety check etc. reduces cost, make high efficiency with simultaneously and to be saved as be possible cheaply, the air conditioner and the heat pump water heater of HFC series refrigeration agent and HFC series refrigeration agent had both been gone for using, can also be applicable to the air conditioner that uses the nature refrigerant carbon dioxide and heat pump water heater etc., of many uses.

Claims (11)

1. scroll compressor, its Vorticose quiet scroll wrap and moving scroll wrap are meshing with each other, form a pair of pressing chamber between two scroll wrap, from rotation member described moving scroll generation is rotatablely moved with preventing by bent axle, thereby the 2nd pressing chamber of the 1st pressing chamber of described moving scroll wrap outer wall side and described moving scroll wrap inwall side is passed the generation volume-variation with compressed fluid continuously from the suction side to discharging side respectively, it is characterized in that:

Form to lead to discharge the discharge path of chamber at one of them the central part at least of described fixed scroll or described moving scroll, described the 1st pressing chamber and described the 2nd pressing chamber form 1st bypass path and 2nd bypass path of bypass to described discharge chamber respectively in the compression halfway, described the 1st bypass path and described the 2nd bypass path are made of a hole respectively separately at least, on described discharge path and described bypass path, safety check is set respectively

Form among described fixed scroll or the described moving scroll described bypass path side the scroll wrap outer wall side described pressing chamber described bypass path, compare the hole with the described bypass path of the described pressing chamber of scroll wrap inwall side quantity still less, the area in hole is bigger.

2. scroll compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the 1st bypass path and the 2nd bypass path are formed at fixed scroll.

3. as claim item 1 or 2 described scroll compressors, it is characterized in that: safety check is made of the spool of the thin plate valve guard with the sphere of activities that is used to limit described spool, at least 2 described spools that are separately positioned on discharge path and the bypass path form integral structure, perhaps, at least 2 valve guards that are separately positioned on described discharge path and the described bypass path form integral structure.

4. as each the described scroll compressor in the claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: the 1st pressing chamber and the 2nd pressing chamber close the different asymmetric eddy's structure of volume.

5. as each the described scroll compressor in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that:, be provided with isolating part or baffler discharging chamber, compression mechanical part and taking between the inner space of seal container of motor of portion of drive compression mechanism.

6. as each the described scroll compressor in the claim 1～5, it is characterized in that: apply pressure at the back side of described moving scroll, allow described moving scroll be against and carry out compression operation on the described fixed scroll greater than suction pressure.

7. as each the described scroll compressor in the claim 1～6, it is characterized in that: the described safety check side end in described bypass path forms spot-facing.

8. as each the described scroll compressor in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that: the 1st bypass path and the 2nd bypass path are made of a plurality of holes, constitute the distance between centers in a plurality of described holes of described bypass path of the pressing chamber of the scroll wrap outer wall side that forms described bypass path side among fixed scroll or the moving scroll, bigger than the distance between centers in a plurality of described holes of the described bypass path of the pressing chamber that constitutes scroll wrap inwall side.

9. as each the described scroll compressor in the claim 1～8, it is characterized in that: the bypass path design compression ratio is defined by the geometry compression ratio of the moment that the 1st pressing chamber and the 2nd pressing chamber are communicated with bypass path separately, the structure of described bypass path is guaranteed to compare with the running compression ratio under the highest operating condition of generation frequency, and the bypass path design compression ratio is littler.

10. as each the described scroll compressor in the claim 1～9, it is characterized in that: the distance among fixed scroll or the moving scroll between each hole of the described bypass path of the pressing chamber of the scroll wrap outer wall of formation bypass path side and the described scroll wrap outer wall side of formation is constant, perhaps, the distance between each hole of the described bypass path of the pressing chamber of scroll wrap internal face and the described scroll wrap inwall side of formation is constant.

11. as each the described scroll compressor in the claim 1～10, it is characterized in that: adopt carbon dioxide as working fluid, the bypass path of the pressing chamber of the scroll wrap outer wall side of formation bypass path side is made of 1 hole among fixed scroll or the moving scroll, and the bypass path of another pressing chamber is made of 2 holes.

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