CN102037110A - Improved aqueous-based insulating fluids and related methods - Google Patents
Improved aqueous-based insulating fluids and related methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN102037110A CN102037110A CN2009801082932A CN200980108293A CN102037110A CN 102037110 A CN102037110 A CN 102037110A CN 2009801082932 A CN2009801082932 A CN 2009801082932A CN 200980108293 A CN200980108293 A CN 200980108293A CN 102037110 A CN102037110 A CN 102037110A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L59/143—Pre-insulated pipes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling, insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
- E21B36/003—Insulating arrangements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
- C10M2207/0225—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/0406—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
- C10M2209/1045—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
- C10M2209/1055—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
- C10M2209/1085—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified used as base material
Abstract
Provided herein are methods and compositions that include a method comprising providing an annulus between a first tubing and a second tubing; providing an aqueous-based insulating fluid that comprises an aqueous base fluid, a water-miscible organic liquid, and a layered silicate; and placing the aqueous-based insulating fluid in the annulus. A composition provided includes an aqueous-based insulating fluid comprising an aqueous base fluid, a water-miscible organic liquid, and a layered silicate.
Description
Cross reference to related application
The application is the U.S. Patent application of submitting on March 14th, 2,007 11/685 that is called " the water-based insulation fluid of improvement and methods involving (Improved Aqueous-Based Isulating Fluids and Related Methods) ", 909 part continuity, the full content of described application is combined in this by reference, and requires its right of priority according to 35U.S.C. § 120.
Background
The present invention relates to insulation fluid, and more specifically, relate to the water-based insulation fluid of having that at high temperature has higher stability than low heat conductivity, described water-based insulation fluid can be used for, for example, need in the application of insulation fluid, such as pipeline and underground application (for example, making the heat insulation application of oil production conduit).
Insulation fluid is often used in the sub-terrain operations that wherein fluid is placed in the annulus of the between the walls of first tubing system (tubing) and second tubing system or well.Insulation fluid plays and makes the first fluid (for example, hydrocarbon fluid) that may be in first tubing system completely cut off the heat insulation effect of environment of encirclement first tubing system or second tubing system so that can reclaim hydrocarbon fluid best.For example, if the annulus border is very cold on every side, then think insulation fluid protect first fluid in first tubing system be not subjected to environment influence so that its can flow through effectively the production tubing system for example first tubing system to miscellaneous equipment.This is desirable, can cause following problem because conduct heat: such as than the precipitation of heavy hydrocarbon, the serious reduction of flow, and in some cases, casing collapse.In addition, in the time of in being used to packer application, need the hydrostatic head pressure of sufficient quantity.Thereby, for this reason and for essential hydrostatic power is provided, often use the insulation fluid of higher density.
Such fluid also can be used to relate to the similar application of the pipeline that is used for similar purpose, and for example, the fluid that protection is in the pipeline is not subjected to the influence of ambient environmental conditions so that this fluid can flow through pipeline effectively.Insulation fluid also can be used to other wherein to be needed to control in the thermal insulation applications of heat transfer.These application may relate to or may not relate to hydrocarbon.
Useful insulation fluid preferably has low intrinsic thermal conductivity, and also should keep gluey to prevent from especially can take away the convection current of heat.In addition, preferred insulation fluid should be water base, and is easy to handle and use.In addition, for optimum performance, preferred fluid should tolerate the temperature (for example, the temperature more than 400) of superelevation for a long time.
Traditional water-based insulation fluid is subject to many shortcomings always.First-selection, many shortcomings are relevant with temperature limitation.Typically, most of water-based insulation fluids only are being no more than 240 stable phases to the short time.This is problematic, because it can cause fluidic to be degenerated in advance, the described degeneration in advance can make fluid not have the required effect of its heat insulation first fluid.Second general limitation of the water base insulation fluid of many tradition is their density range.Typically, these fluids have the upper density limit of 12.5ppg.Usually, higher density keeps enough pressure to suit for selected application.In addition, most of water-based insulation fluids have the over-drastic thermal conductivity, and it means that these fluids are efficient inadequately or effective for the control conductive heat transfer.In addition, when the fluid that needs multiviscosisty is eliminated convection current,, and make fluid may become too thick and can not be pumped to and put in place usually for the required viscosity of acquisition in present water-based base fluid (aqueous base fluid).Some water-based base fluids can also have possibility and the inconsistent different salt tolerance of the salt solution of various uses, and it has limited the operator for using which kind of fluidic to select in some cases.
In some cases, insulation fluid can be an oil base.Some oil based fluids can provide advantage because they can have the lower thermal conductivity of water-based homologue (counterpart) than them.Yet many unfavourable condition are also relevant with these fluids.At first, the oil base insulation fluid is difficult to " weightening finish ", means the density that may be difficult to obtain to use required necessity.Secondly, oil based fluids may exist necessary controlled toxicity and other environmental problem, particularly when such fluid is used to the deep-sea application.In addition, if make the use well completion fluid then have interface problem.Another difficult problem that exists when using the oil base insulation fluid is for them and the worry that may be present in the consistency of any elastic sealing element in the first tubing system pipeline.
Another can be used to make the heat insulation method of first tubing system to comprise use vacuum heat-insulation pipeline system.Yet also may there be unfavourable condition in this method.At first, in the time of on vacuum pipe system being arranged on completion post (completion string), the part of vacuum pipe system may be malfunctioning.This may become the expensive problem that relates to a large amount of stop times.Under serious situation, first tubing system may be squeezed and be ruined.Secondly, vacuum heat-insulation pipeline system may be very expensive and be difficult to settle.In addition, in many cases, the heat transfer at joint in vacuum pipe system and jointing place may be debatable.These may cause " focus " in the tubing system.
General introduction
The present invention relates to insulation fluid, and more specifically, relate to the water-based insulation fluid of having that at high temperature has higher stability than low heat conductivity, described water-based insulation fluid can be used for, for example, need in the application of insulation fluid, such as pipeline and underground application (for example, making the application of oil production pipe insulation).
In one embodiment, the invention provides a kind of method, described method comprises: between first tubing system and second tubing system annulus is set; The water-based insulation that comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq and layered silicate fluid is provided, and described water-based insulation fluid is placed described annulus.In some embodiments, described water-based insulation fluid also comprises polymkeric substance.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a kind of method, described method comprises: the tubing system that accommodates first fluid that is arranged in the well is provided, makes to form annulus between the surface of tubing system and well; The water-based insulation that comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq and layered silicate fluid is provided, and described water-based insulation fluid is placed described annulus.In some embodiments, described water-based insulation fluid also comprises polymkeric substance.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a kind of method, described method comprises: first tubing system is provided, and described first tubing system comprises at least a portion of the pipeline that accommodates first fluid; Second tubing system of surrounding described first tubing system basically is provided, thereby between described first tubing system and described second tubing system, produces annulus; The water-based insulation that comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq and layered silicate fluid is provided, and described water-based insulation fluid is placed described annulus.In some embodiments, described water-based insulation fluid also comprises polymkeric substance.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a kind of water-based insulation fluid that comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq and layered silicate.In some embodiments, described water-based insulation fluid also comprises polymkeric substance.
In another embodiment, the invention provides and form water-based insulation fluidic method, described method comprises: mix water-based base fluid and water-miscible organic liq to form mixture; At least a layered silicate is added in the described mixture; Make described silicate carry out hydration; The mixture that will comprise layered silicate places selected position; The described mixture that comprises layered silicate is activated to form gel therein.In some embodiments, polymkeric substance can be added in the described mixture and make its hydration.Randomly, linking agent can be attached and comprise in the described mixture of polymers so that described crosslinked polymer.
The features and advantages of the present invention will be conspicuous for those skilled in the art.Although those skilled in the art can make many variations, such variation is also in spirit of the present invention.
The accompanying drawing summary
These accompanying drawing examples some aspect of embodiments more of the present invention, but should not be used to restriction or limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 has listed embodiment 1 described material that is used for filling a prescription and their consumption in the embodiment part.
Fig. 2 example come from be heated to about 190 °F reach 5000 minutes with the activation linking agent and make that viscosity increases the fluidic data.
Fig. 3 has listed and can be used for as material in the prescription described in the embodiment part embodiment 2 and their consumption roughly.
Fig. 4 example come from about 10,000psi, be heated to about 600 fluidic data from about 100 °F in about 45,000 seconds.
The description of preferred embodiment
The present invention relates to insulation fluid, and more specifically, relate to the water-based insulation fluid of having that at high temperature has higher stability than low heat conductivity, described water-based insulation fluid can be used for, for example, need in the application of insulation fluid, such as pipeline and underground application (for example, making the heat insulation application of oil production conduit).Water-based insulation fluid of the present invention can be used in any application that needs insulation fluid.Preferably, they can use in pipeline and underground application.
The water-based insulation fluid of improvement of the present invention and method have many potential advantages, only mentioned wherein some herein.One of described many advantages are that fluid can have the thermostability that is enhanced, and it makes them can be advantageously used in many application.Secondly, in some embodiments, water-based insulation fluid of the present invention can have than the higher density of the water base insulation fluid of tradition, and therefore, is showing special advantages aspect this.In addition, water-based insulation fluid of the present invention has low relatively thermal conductivity, and this is considered to is particularly advantageous in some applications.In some embodiments, these fluids are considered to very durable.In addition, in some embodiments, fluid of the present invention provides the water base viscosity insulation fluid with following feature: wide fluid density scope, the thermal conductivity that reduces, and when temperature surpasses the temperature of current industrial standard (for example, even when about temperature more than 600, this depends on the organic liquid that comprises) the stable gel characteristic.Another potential advantage is that these fluids can prevent to form hydrate at insulation fluid itself or in by heat insulation fluid.Have benefited from this disclosure, other advantage of the present invention and target can be tangible for those skilled in the art.
In certain embodiments, water-based insulation fluid of the present invention comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq and layered silicate.In certain embodiments, water-based insulation fluid of the present invention comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq, layered silicate and optional synthetic polymer.In some cases, can be by using suitable linking agent or in fluid, adding suitable linking agent and with described crosslinked polymer.Therefore, the term " polymer " of using in this article " be meant and may crosslinkedly maybe may do not have crosslinked oligopolymer, multipolymer, terpolymer etc.Randomly, water-based insulation fluid of the present invention can comprise other additive, combination such as inhibiter, pH regulator agent, biocide, granulated glass sphere, hollow ball (for example, tiny balloon), rheology modifiers, buffer reagent, hydrate inhibitor, disrupting agent, tracer agent, auxiliary weighting agent (additional weighting agent), tackifier (viscosifier), tensio-active agent and any additives in them.Benefit from that those skilled in the art of this disclosure can recognize, other additive also can suitably and advantageously use with water-based insulation fluid of the present invention.
Can be used for water-based insulation fluidic water-based base fluid of the present invention and comprise any aqueous fluids that is applicable to heat insulation, underground or pipe applications.In some cases, can use salt solution, for example when needing thicker relatively water-based insulation fluid (for example, density is more than the 10.5ppg); Yet, can observedly be that fluid of the present invention may be lower to the tolerance of higher concentration salt than other fluid (such as comprising as described herein polymkeric substance but do not comprise those fluids of layered silicate as described herein).The salt solution that is fit to includes but not limited to: NaCl, NaBr, KCl, CaCl
2, CaBr
2, ZrBr
2, yellow soda ash, sodium formiate, potassium formiate, cesium formate, and these brinish combination and derivatives.Other salt solution also may suit.Used concrete salt solution can be determined according to gained water-based insulation fluidic desired density or with the well completion fluid brinish consistency that other may exist.Can use denseer salt solution in some cases.Being suitable for the density of using of discussing should use by the those skilled in the art's that benefit from this disclosure judgement.When how many aqueous fluids decision will comprise, the rule of being deferred to was: the aqueous fluids component should be included in the surplus after the amount of considering other component of existing in the high temperature aqueous-based insulation fluid.
The water-miscible organic liq that can comprise in the water-based insulation fluid of the present invention comprises and has low relatively thermal conductivity the water miscibility material of (for example, thermal conductivity is that half is following for the pact of water).About " water miscibility ", the above organic liquid of the about 5g of its expression is dispersed in the water of 100g.The water-miscible organic liq that is fit to includes but not limited to ester, amine, alcohol, polyvalent alcohol, glycol ethers, perhaps their combination and derivative.The example of suitable ester comprises low-molecular-weight ester; Specific examples includes but not limited to methyl-formiate, methyl acetate and ethyl acetate.Combination and derivative also are fit to.The example of the amine that is fit to comprises low molecular weight amine; Specific examples includes but not limited to diethylamine, 2-monoethanolamine and 2-(dimethylamino) ethanol.Combination and derivative also are fit to.The example of the alcohol that is fit to comprises methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, Virahol etc.Combination and derivative also are fit to.The example of glycol ethers comprises butyl glycol ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether etc.Combination and derivative also are fit to.In these, in most of the cases polyvalent alcohol is more preferred than other liquid usually, shows higher thermostability and chemical stability, higher flash-point value because it has been generally acknowledged that them, and more helps elastomer material.
The polyvalent alcohol that is fit to is those fatty alcohols that contain two above hydroxyls.Preferred polyol is a portion water compatibility at least.Can be used for the suitable examples of polyhydric alcohols of water-based insulation fluidic of the present invention includes but not limited to: water miscible glycol, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, glycol ether, triglycol, dipropylene glycol and tripropylene glycol, the combination of these polyvalent alcohols, their derivative, and reaction product by the reaction of oxyethane and propylene oxide (ethylene and propylene oxide) or polyoxyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol and active hydrogen compounds (for example, polyvalent alcohol, polycarboxylic acid, polyamine or polyphenol) is formed.It is water miscibility 20,000 when so high at least that the polyglycol of ethene (polyglycols of ethylene) is considered at molecular weight usually.The polyglycol of propylene (polyglycols of propylene), though show the mill efficiency better slightly than ethylene glycol, being considered at molecular weight was water miscibility in only about at the most 1,000 o'clock.Other glycol that can expect comprises neopentyl glycol, pentanediol, butyleneglycol and the unsaturated diol as butynediol and butylene glycol.Except that glycol, can use triol, glycerine and the derivative as oxyethane or propylene oxide.Other higher polyvalent alcohol can comprise tetramethylolmethane.The polyhydroxy-alcohol of another kind of expection is a sugar alcohol.Sugar alcohol is that the reduction by carbohydrate obtains, and different in the extreme with above-mentioned polyvalent alcohol.The combination and the derivative of these alcohol also are fit to.
Required fluid density is depended in selection for the polyvalent alcohol that uses greatly.The other factors of considering comprises thermal conductivity.For fluid of higher density (for example, more than the 10.5ppg), the higher density polyvalent alcohol may be preferred, and for example, triglycol or glycerine may suit in some cases.For using, can make spent glycol or propylene glycol than low density.In some cases, may need more salt fluid is increased weight fully to suitable density.In certain embodiments, the amount of the polyvalent alcohol that should use can depend on the fluidic thermal conductivity upper limit and fluidic Suitable Density.If be limited to 0.17BTU/hft °F on the thermal conductivity, then the concentration of polyvalent alcohol can be about 40% to about 99% of high temperature aqueous-based insulation fluid of the present invention.Preferred scope can be about 70% to about 99%.
The example of the layered silicate that can be suitable for using in the present invention includes but not limited to terre verte, vermiculite, swelling property fluoronated mica (swellable fluoromica), montmorillonite, beidellite, hectorite and talcum powder.The synthetic li-montmorillonite of high temperature, electrolyte stable may be useful especially in some embodiments.An example of synthetic li-montmorillonite clay used according to the invention is commercially available " LAPONITE from the Laporte of Britain Absorbents Company of Cheshire
TMRD ".In these silicate arbitrarily mixture also can be fit to.In preferred embodiments, silicate can be that part is water miscible at least.In some embodiments, layered silicate can be natural layered silicate or synthetic layered silicate.In certain embodiments, silicate should account for fluid unit weight about 0.1% to about 15%, and more preferably, account for about 0.5% to about 4% of fluid unit weight.
The inclusion of synthetic polymer can be used for especially preparing the fluid that shows gelling properties.The example that randomly goes for synthetic polymer of the present invention includes but not limited to acrylic polymers, acrylic ester polymer, the acrylic acid derivative polymkeric substance, acrylic homopolymer, Voncoat R 3310 is (such as poly-(methyl acrylate), poly-(butyl acrylate) and poly-(2-ethylhexyl acrylate)), acrylate copolymer, the methacrylic acid derivative polymkeric substance, methacrylic homopolymers, the methacrylic acid ester homopolymer is (such as poly-(methyl methacrylate), the polyacrylamide homopolymer, n-vinyl pyrrolidone and polyacrylamide analog copolymer, poly-(butyl methacrylate), with poly-(methacrylic acid 2-(ethyl hexyl) ester)), the n-vinyl pyrrolidone, acrylamide-methyl-propane sulfonic acid ester polymer, acrylamide-methyl-propane sulfonic acid ester derivative polymkeric substance, acrylamide-methyl-propane sulfonic acid ester copolymer, and vinylformic acid/acrylamide-methyl-propane sulfonic acid ester copolymer, and their combination.Multipolymer and terpolymer also can be fit to.Mixture arbitrarily in these polymkeric substance also can be fit to.In preferred embodiments, polymkeric substance should be that part is water miscible at least.The polymkeric substance that is fit to can be cationic, anionic, non-ionic or zwitterionic.In certain embodiments, polymkeric substance should account for fluid unit weight about 0.1% to about 15%, and more preferably, about 0.5% to about 4%.
In order to obtain to make the crosslinked polymer that comprises in the fluid by suitable linking agent for water-based insulation fluidic of the present invention suitable gel property and thermostability.Need make in the embodiment of crosslinked polymer at of the present invention those, randomly and preferably, one or more linking agents can be added in the fluid so that crosslinked polymer.
The linking agent that one class is fit to is the combination of phenol component (or phenol precursor) and formaldehyde (or formaldehyde precursor).The phenol component or the phenol precursor that are fit to include but not limited to phenol, quinhydrones, Whitfield's ointment, salicylic amide, acetylsalicylic acid, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, phenylacetate, salol, anthranilic acid, para-amino benzoic acid, Metha Amino Phenon, furfuryl alcohol and phenylformic acid.The formaldehyde precursor that is fit to can include but not limited to vulkacit H, oxalic dialdehyde and 1,3,5-trioxane.This linking agent system needs about 250 °F and comes thermal activation so that crosslinked polymer.Another kind of suitable linking agent is poly-alkyl imines.This linking agent needs about 90 °F and activates so that crosslinked polymer.This linking agent can use separately or any use in other linking agent discussed herein.
Another kind of operable linking agent comprises the organic crosslinking agent of nontoxic not metal ion.The example of such organic crosslinking agent is poly (alkylenimines) (for example, polymine), polyene polyamines and their mixture.In addition, can use water-soluble multifunctional aliphatic amine, aromatic yl alkyl amine and heteroarylalkyl amine.
When fluid of the present invention comprised suitable linking agent, this linking agent can be present in the fluid of the present invention with the amount that is enough to provide the degree of crosslinking that especially suits.In certain embodiments, the scope of the amount that one or more linking agents can exist in fluid of the present invention is about 0.0005% to about 10% of a fluid unit weight.In certain embodiments, the scope of the amount that one or more linking agents can exist in fluid of the present invention is about 0.001% to about 5% of a fluid unit weight.Benefit from this disclosure, those skilled in the art will confirm the suitable amount of the linking agent that comprises in the fluid of the present invention based on the molecular weight of the kind of the polymkeric substance of the especially concrete temperature condition of using, use, polymkeric substance, required viscosity grade and/or fluidic pH.
Although can use any suitable method that is used to form insulation fluid of the present invention, but in some embodiments, water-based insulation fluid of the present invention can be under envrionment temperature and pressure condition be prepared by water and selected water-miscible organic liq are mixed.Water and water-miscible organic liq preferably can be mixed, and it is soluble in water to make that water-miscible organic liq mixes.The silicate that can bring Selection In and it is mixed in water and the water-miscible organic liq mixture subsequently, until silicate by hydration.At any time can add the additive of selection, comprise polymkeric substance.Preferably, any additives all is dispersed in the mixture.If desired, can add linking agent.If use, then it should be dispersed in the mixture.Yet, crosslinkedly before thermal activation, do not take place usually, in underground application, it preferably takes place in the down-hole; This can alleviate any possibility as the pumping difficulty that takes place in the result who inserts front activating.Activation causes fluid to form gel.As using in this article, term " gel " and derivative thereof are meant the semisolid that is rendered as some aqueous colloidal dispersions, gelationus state.One is activated, and gel should be stayed the original place and be competent under the situation of insignificant synersis.
In some embodiments, can have about 100 by the gel that the silicate hydration is formed, the zero-shear viscosity of 000 centipoise, described zero-shear viscosity are to use the schedule of operation of standard to measure under standard conditions with Anton Paar ControlledStress Rheometer.
When gelling, if fluid contains polymkeric substance, a kind of method that then removes gel can comprise to be used appropriate means and/or composition dilution or destroys the interior crosslinked and/or polymer architecture of gel to allow to reclaim or remove gel.Another kind method can comprise by for example air or liquid the gel physical removal.
In some embodiments, can be at (on-the-fly) in service of well scene or pipeline location preparation water-based insulation fluid of the present invention.In other embodiments, outer (off-site) prepares water-based insulation fluid of the present invention and it is delivered to the scene of using at the scene.In the conveyance fluid process, the technician should note the fluidic activation temperature.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a kind of method, described method comprises: first tubing system is provided; Second tubing system of surrounding first tubing system basically is provided, thereby between first tubing system and second tubing system, forms annulus; The water-based insulation that comprises water-based base fluid, polyvalent alcohol and layered silicate fluid is provided; And the water-based insulation fluid placed described annulus.In some embodiments, the water-based insulation fluid also comprises polymkeric substance.Tubing system can have any shape that is suitable for selected application.In some cases, the length with first tubing system is not identical for the length of second tubing system.In some cases, tubing system can comprise the part of bigger device.In some cases, the water-based insulation fluid can be with whole first tubing system from this end to that end in contact, but in other cases, thereby the water-based insulation fluid can only be placed in the part of annulus and only contact the part of first tubing system.In some cases, first tubing system can be arranged on the production tubing system in the well.In some cases, tubing system can be set in the underground heat well.The production tubing system can be set at greater coasting area.In other cases, production tubing system can be set in the cold weather.In other cases, first tubing system can be for being sent to fluid the pipeline in second zone from a zone.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a kind of method, described method comprises: first tubing system is provided; Second tubing system of surrounding first tubing system basically is provided, thereby between first tubing system and second tubing system, produces annulus; The water-based insulation that comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq and layered silicate fluid is provided; And the water-based insulation fluid placed annulus.In some embodiments, the water-based insulation fluid also comprises polymkeric substance.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a kind of method, described method comprises: the tubing system of holding first fluid is provided, and described tubing system is set in the well so that form annulus on the surface of tubing system and well; The water-based insulation that comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq and layered silicate fluid is provided; The water-based insulation fluid is placed annulus.In some embodiments, the water-based insulation fluid also comprises polymkeric substance.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a kind of method, described method comprises: first tubing system is provided, and described first tubing system comprises at least a portion of the pipeline that holds first fluid; Second tubing system of surrounding first tubing system basically is provided, thereby between first tubing system and second tubing system, forms annulus; The water-based insulation that comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq and layered silicate fluid is provided; And the water-based insulation fluid placed annulus.In some embodiments, the water-based insulation fluid also comprises polymkeric substance.
In one embodiment, the invention provides the water-based insulation fluid that comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq and layered silicate.In some embodiments, the water-based insulation fluid also comprises polymkeric substance.
In another embodiment, the invention provides and form water-based insulation fluidic method, described method comprises: mix water-based base fluid and water-miscible organic liq to form mixture; In described mixture, add at least a layered silicate; Make the layered silicate hydration; The mixture that will comprise layered silicate places the position of selection; Make the mixture activation that comprises layered silicate to form gel therein.In some embodiments, can add to polymkeric substance in the mixture and make its hydration.Randomly, linking agent can be added to and comprise in the mixture of polymers so that crosslinked polymer.
For the ease of understanding the present invention better, provide the following example of some aspect of some embodiments.The following example never should be read as restriction or limit entire area of the present invention.
Embodiment
[[[Ryan-confirms that these embodiment write as following institute to carry out fully.]]]
Embodiment 1
We have studied prescription and test in the various combinations of inorganic, organic, clay that is used for making the heat insulation water-based base fluid of fluid to use as tackifier/jelling agent and polymeric material.We have carried out a series of test, wherein estimate and have compared various fluidic solvabilities, thermal conductivity, thermostability, pH, gelatination property, rheological behaviour and toxicity.Perhaps most importantly, estimated from 37 °F to 280 °F and the thermostability in the above scope.Carry out these tests through too short time with long.Fig. 1 has listed the material of use in the prescription and the amount of test.This never should be understood that about exhaustive embodiment of the present invention or as the qualification for the present invention's where face in office.
Thermostability and static-aging: with the static-aging 2 months under the condition of temperature 〉=about 280 of all prescriptions of fluidic.The prescription and the character of institute's test fluid flow are presented in following table 1 and 2.Most of fluid demonstrates that viscosity increases and this is to it seems under the situation of gelationization behavior completely to be kept perfectly at cross-linking system.We think, these systems it seems show than comprise the large number of biological polymer (for example, xanthan gum, welan gum (welan gum) and the excellent smooth glue of enlightening (diutan gum) and inorganic clay and usually 250 °F after three days with regard to the better stability property of ruined other fluid.In addition, about the thermostability of these test formulations, any sample is all observed synersis less than 1%.
Except that static test, also use high temperature viscosimeter that sample 4 is estimated to detect the thermal activation (Fig. 2) of linking agent.Make fluid stand low shear rate at 190 °F, viscosity measurement simultaneously shows growth in time, but reaches maximum recording level in the time of about 5000 minutes.
Character before table 1.IPF prescription and the static-aging
| Prescription | ||||
| Sample | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Density, ppg | 8.5 | 10.5 | 12.3 | 11.3 |
| Water, volume % | 20 | 10 | --- | 1 |
| Glycerine, volume % | --- | 90 | 78.5 | 90 |
| PG, volume % | 80 | --- | --- | --- |
| Salt solution, volume % | --- | --- | 21.5 | 9 |
| Polymer A, weight % | 1 | 1 | 1 | --- |
| Polymer B, weight % | --- | --- | --- | 1.25 |
| Aldehyde, |
5000 | 5000 | 5000 | --- |
| HQ， |
5000 | 5000 | 5000 | --- |
| PEI, weight % | --- | --- | --- | 2 |
| Character | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 300rpm 1 | 280 | 285 | 270 | 82 |
| Shearing resistance, pound/100 feet 2 | 13.4 | 20.65 | 20.65 | ＞13.4 |
| Thermal conductivity 2，BTU/hftF | 0.141 | 0.172 | 0.154 | 0.158 |
1From the observed value that the reading of observing at Fann 35 viscometers obtains, 120 of sample temperatures.
2Observed value by the acquisition of KD2-Pro thermal properties analyser.
Table 2.IPF prescription and in the character of 280 static-agings after 60 days.
| Prescription | ||||
| Sample | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Density, ppg | 8.5 | 10.5 | 12.3 | 11.3 |
| Water, volume % | 20 | 10 | --- | 1 |
| Glycerine, volume % | --- | 90 | 78.5 | 90 |
| PG, volume % | 80 | --- | --- | --- |
| Salt solution, volume % | --- | --- | 21.5 | 9 |
| Polymer A, weight % | 1 | 1 | 1 | --- |
| Polymer B, weight % | --- | --- | --- | 1.25 |
| Aldehyde, |
5000 | 5000 | 5000 | --- |
| HQ， |
5000 | 5000 | 5000 | --- |
| PEI, weight % | --- | --- | --- | 2 |
| Character | ||||
| 300rpm 3 | Maximum | Maximum | Maximum | Maximum |
| Shearing resistance, pound/100 feet 2 | ＞50 | ＞50 | ＞50 | ＞50 |
| Thermal conductivity, BTU/hftF | 0.141 | 0.172 | 0.154 | 0.158 |
3The agglomerative fluid, the observed value of (off-scale) outside the scale.
Thermal conductivity is measured: the importance of low heat conductivity (K) is the important aspect of insulation fluid success.Conduct heat in order to reduce effectively, density range is that the water base pkr fluid of 8.5-12.3ppg is shown 0.3-0.2BTU/hr ft K value by expection, and preferably has lower value.From various prescriptions listed above, observe that fluid has 8.5 to 14.4ppg density when using these prescriptions, it has＜thermal conductivity of 0.2BTU/hr ft all as shown in table 1 and 2.
Embodiment 2
We have studied the prescription and the test of the various combinations of inorganic, organic, the clay that uses as tackifier/jelling agent at the water-based base fluid that is used for insulation fluid and polymeric material.We have carried out a series of test, wherein estimate and have compared various fluidic solvabilities, thermal conductivity, thermostability, pH, gelating property, rheological behaviour and toxicity.Perhaps most importantly, estimated from 37 °F to 500 °F and the thermostability in the above scope.Carry out these tests through too short time with long.Fig. 3 has listed the material of use in the prescription and the amount of test.This never should be understood that about exhaustive embodiment of the present invention or as the qualification for the present invention's where face in office.
Thermostability and static-aging: static-aging 2 days is at interval under the condition of temperature 〉=about 400 with all prescriptions of fluidic.The prescription and the character of institute's test fluid flow are presented in following table 3 and 4.Most of fluid demonstrates that viscosity increases and this is to it seems under the situation of gelationization behavior completely to be kept perfectly at cross-linking system.We think, these systems it seems show than comprise large number of biological polymer (for example, the excellent smooth glue of xanthan gum, welan gum and enlightening) and inorganic clay and usually 250 °F after three days with regard to the better stability property of ruined other fluid.In addition, about the thermostability of these test formulations, any sample is all observed synersis less than 1%.
Table 3.IPF prescription and the character before static-aging
Table 4.IPF prescription and in the character of 450 static-agings after 72 hours.
Thermal conductivity is measured: the importance of low heat conductivity (K) is the important aspect of insulation fluid success.Conduct heat in order to reduce effectively, density range is that the water base pkr fluid of 8.5-10.5ppg should show 0.3-0.2BTU/hr ft K value, and preferably has lower value.From various prescriptions listed above, observe that fluid has the density of 8.5-10.5ppg when using these prescriptions, it has＜thermal conductivity of 0.2BTU/hr ft all as shown in table 3 and 4.
Therefore, the present invention is well suited for described target and advantage and wherein those targets of institute's inherent and the advantage of realizing.More than disclosed specific embodiment only be exemplary because the present invention can improve and put into practice in significantly different but mode equivalence of those skilled in the art of being instructed for benefiting from herein.In addition, do not trend towards details to structure shown in herein or design and be different from restriction described in appended claim.Therefore clearly above disclosed concrete exemplary can be changed or improve, and all such variations all are regarded as in scope and spirit scope of the present invention.More than disclosed all numerals and scope can be with any quantitative changeization (for example, 1%, 2%, 5%, or sometimes, 10 to 20%).As long as disclose the numerical range R with lower limit RL and upper limit RU, then any number that falls in this scope all is clear and definite disclosed.Especially, following columns in following scope is clear and definite disclosed: R=RL+k* (RU-RL), wherein k is to be the variable that increment from 1% to 100% changes with 1%, that is, k be 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% ..., 50%, 51%, 52% ..., 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or 100%.In addition, any as numerical range that is limited by two R numbers above definition also is clear and definite disclosed.In addition, as indefinite article " " or " a kind of " who uses in the claims, be defined as representing in its key element of introducing one or in this article more than one.And the term in the claim has their usual, common implications, unless the patentee is in addition clearly and clearly outside the definition.
Claims (24)
1. method, described method comprises:
Be provided at the annulus between first tubing system and second tubing system;
The water-based insulation fluid is provided, and described water-based insulation fluid comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq and layered silicate; With
Described water-based insulation fluid is placed described annulus.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein said water-based insulation fluid also comprises polymkeric substance.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein said water-based insulation fluid also comprises at least a additive that is selected from the group of being made up of and the following: inhibiter, pH regulator agent, biocide, granulated glass sphere, hollow ball, tiny balloon, rheology modifiers, buffer reagent, hydrate inhibitor, disrupting agent, tracer agent, auxiliary weighting agent, tackifier and tensio-active agent.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein said water-based fluid comprise at least a being selected from by the salt solution in the following group of forming: NaCl, NaBr, KCl, CaCl
2, CaBr
2, ZrBr
2, yellow soda ash, sodium formiate, potassium formiate and cesium formate, and their derivative.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein said water-miscible organic liq comprise at least a being selected from by the liquid in the following group of forming: ester, amine, alcohol, polyvalent alcohol, glycol ethers, and their derivative.
6. method according to claim 5, wherein said polyvalent alcohol comprise at least a polyvalent alcohol that is selected from the group of being made up of and the following: water miscible glycol; Ethylene glycol; Propylene glycol; Polyoxyethylene glycol; Polypropylene glycol; Glycol ether; Triglycol; Dipropylene glycol; Tripropylene glycol; By the reaction product that the reaction of oxyethane and propylene oxide and active hydrogen compounds is formed; By the reaction product that the reaction of polyoxyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol and active hydrogen compounds is formed; Neopentyl glycol; Pentanediol; Butyleneglycol; Unsaturated diol; Butynediol; Butylene glycol; Triol; Glycerine; The ethene adducts; Propylene oxide adduct; Tetramethylolmethane; Sugar alcohol; And their derivative.
7. according to the described method of claim 1, wherein said layered silicate comprises at least a being selected from by the layered silicate in the following group of forming: terre verte, vermiculite, swelling property fluoronated mica, montmorillonite, beidellite, hectorite and talcum powder.
8. method according to claim 7, wherein said layered silicate are the synthetic layered silicates.
9. method according to claim 7, the amount that wherein said layered silicate exists in described fluid described fluid weight about 0.1% to about 15% scope.
10. method according to claim 7, the amount that wherein said water-miscible organic liq exists in described fluid described fluid weight about 40% to about 99% scope.
11. a method, described method comprises:
The device that comprises the tubing system that comprises first fluid is provided, and described tubing system is set in the well, makes to form annulus between the surface of described tubing system and described well;
The water-based insulation fluid is provided, and described water-based insulation fluid comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq and layered silicate; And
Described water-based insulation fluid is placed described annulus.
12. method according to claim 11, wherein said water-based insulation fluid also comprises polymkeric substance.
13. method according to claim 11, wherein said water-based fluid comprise at least a being selected from by the salt solution in the following group of forming: NaCl, NaBr, KCl, CaCl
2, CaBr
2, ZrBr
2, yellow soda ash, sodium formiate, potassium formiate and cesium formate, and their derivative.
14. method according to claim 11, wherein said water-miscible organic liq comprise at least a being selected from by the liquid in the following group of forming: ester, amine, alcohol, polyvalent alcohol, glycol ethers, and their derivative.
15. method according to claim 14, wherein said polyvalent alcohol comprise at least a polyvalent alcohol that is selected from the group of being made up of and the following: water miscible glycol; Ethylene glycol; Propylene glycol; Polyoxyethylene glycol; Polypropylene glycol; Glycol ether; Triglycol; Dipropylene glycol; Tripropylene glycol; By the reaction product that the reaction of oxyethane and propylene oxide and active hydrogen compounds is formed; By the reaction product that the reaction of polyoxyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol and active hydrogen compounds is formed; Neopentyl glycol; Pentanediol; Butyleneglycol; Unsaturated diol; Butynediol; Butylene glycol; Triol; Glycerine; Ethylene oxide adduct; Propylene oxide adduct; Tetramethylolmethane; Sugar alcohol; And their derivative.
16. according to the described method of claim 11, wherein said layered silicate comprises at least a being selected from by the layered silicate in the following group of forming: terre verte, vermiculite, swelling property fluoronated mica, montmorillonite, beidellite, hectorite and talcum powder.
17. method according to claim 12, wherein said layered silicate are the synthetic layered silicates.
18. a method, described method comprises:
First tubing system is provided, first tubing system comprise at least a portion of the pipeline that holds first fluid;
Second tubing system is provided, and described second tubing system is surrounded described first tubing system basically, thereby forms annulus between described first tubing system and described second tubing system;
The water-based insulation fluid is provided, and described water-based insulation fluid comprises water-based base fluid, water-miscible organic liq and layered silicate; And
Described water-based insulation fluid is placed described annulus.
19. method according to claim 18, wherein said water-based insulation fluid also comprises polymkeric substance.
20. according to the described method of claim 18, wherein said layered silicate comprises at least a being selected from by the layered silicate in the following group of forming: terre verte, vermiculite, swelling property fluoronated mica, montmorillonite, beidellite, hectorite and talcum powder.
21. method according to claim 18, wherein said water-miscible organic liq comprise at least a being selected from by the liquid in the following group of forming: ester, amine, alcohol, polyvalent alcohol, glycol ethers, and their derivative.
22. method according to claim 21, wherein said polyvalent alcohol comprise at least a polyvalent alcohol that is selected from the group of being made up of and the following: water miscible glycol; Ethylene glycol; Propylene glycol; Polyoxyethylene glycol; Polypropylene glycol; Glycol ether; Triglycol; Dipropylene glycol; Tripropylene glycol; By the reaction product that the reaction of oxyethane and propylene oxide and active hydrogen compounds is formed; By the reaction product that the reaction of polyoxyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol and active hydrogen compounds is formed; Neopentyl glycol; Pentanediol; Butyleneglycol; Unsaturated diol; Butynediol; Butylene glycol; Triol; Glycerine; Ethylene oxide adduct; Propylene oxide adduct; Tetramethylolmethane; Sugar alcohol; And their derivative.
23. method according to claim 18, the amount that wherein said layered silicate exists in described fluid described fluid weight about 0.1% to about 15% scope, and the amount that in described fluid, exists of described water-miscible organic liq described fluid weight about 40% to about 99% scope.
24. a water-based insulation fluid, described water-based insulation fluid comprises:
The water-based base fluid,
Water-miscible organic liq and
Layered silicate.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/046,086 US20080224087A1 (en) | 2007-03-14 | 2008-03-11 | Aqueous-Based Insulating Fluids and Related Methods |
| US12/046,086 | 2008-03-11 | ||
| PCT/GB2009/000609 WO2009112808A2 (en) | 2008-03-11 | 2009-03-05 | Improved aqueous-based insulating fluids and related methods |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102037110A true CN102037110A (en) | 2011-04-27 |
Family
ID=40999887
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801082932A Pending CN102037110A (en) | 2008-03-11 | 2009-03-05 | Improved aqueous-based insulating fluids and related methods |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080224087A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2271735A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2011513677A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102037110A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2009223980A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0909062A2 (en) |
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| MX (1) | MX2010009988A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2475624C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009112808A2 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009112808A2 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
| EP2271735A2 (en) | 2011-01-12 |
| RU2010141547A (en) | 2012-04-20 |
| US20080224087A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
| BRPI0909062A2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
| WO2009112808A3 (en) | 2009-11-26 |
| RU2475624C2 (en) | 2013-02-20 |
| JP2011513677A (en) | 2011-04-28 |
| CA2716450A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
| MX2010009988A (en) | 2010-09-30 |
| AU2009223980A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
| CA2716450C (en) | 2013-02-19 |
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