CN102034344B - On-line detection and diagnosis device and method for voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel - Google Patents
On-line detection and diagnosis device and method for voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an on-line detection and diagnosis device and method for a voltage signal of a photoelectric isolating type excess channel. The device mainly comprises an external signal input port, a signal conditioning circuit, an excel channel switching hierarchical control circuit, a first signal isolating circuit, a 8255 I/O expansion board, a second signal isolating circuit, a self-checking signal generating circuit, an A/D signal acquisition channel, a computer and an electronic disk. The device can be used for expanding the detection channel according to the actual test requirement and has strong antijamming capability because the computer input and output are subjected to photoelectric isolation. The on-line detection and diagnosis method can be used for automatically carrying out synchronous dynamic test according to the defined detection point code in accordance with the working process of a detected large complex system, and can be used for detecting and diagnosing a voltage state signal of the detected device on line in real time according to the set detection time and the test result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the electronic engineering field of measuring technique, relate to a kind of measurement mechanism based on the PC104 bus and method, particularly a kind of voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel that is used for the large-scale complicated systems such as space flight and aviation, a survey control field based on PC104 bus tape channel self-checking function detects diagnostic device and method online.
Background technology
At present, in the voltage status amount detection technique of Circuits System, common data acquisition circuit mainly contains autonomous channel data acquisition circuit, hyperchannel time-sharing multiplex data acquisition circuit and multimode Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data.Wherein, the autonomous channel data acquisition circuit is applicable to single channel data acquisition and the demanding application of synchronous data collection, and its shortcoming is that system reliability is poor, and used data acquisition components and parts are many, and cost is high; The used data acquisition components and parts of the circuit structure of hyperchannel time-sharing multiplex data acquisition are few, cost, but the most weak link of its system reliability is multidiameter option switch, photoelectric isolated chip and A/D data acquisition chip, in case one in these links breaks down, poor reliability had just been lost efficacy in the whole detections that then are attached thereto; Though the reliability of multimode Circuit Design of Multi-channel Data increases, the question marks of its shortcoming and hyperchannel time-sharing multiplex data acquisition circuit seemingly.
Generally, although to the many not high occasions of signals collecting concurrency of signals collecting way in practice, generally all adopt hyperchannel time-sharing multiplex data acquisition circuit, namely share a number of units according to collecting device by hyperchannel timesharing grouping input.On the Chinese patent board web, with " hyperchannel " and " detection " word that is the theme, searched Patents, disclosed system and circuit for multi-channel data acquisition has at present: Chinese invention patent " multi-channel data collecting method and device " (application number: 200410013201.1, notification number: CN 1584815A), Chinese invention patent " multi channel signals testing circuit and method " (application number: 200410015437.9, notification number: CN 1658250A), Chinese invention patent " multi-channel A/D conversion device and method " (application number: 200610109266.5, notification number: CN 101119115A), Chinese invention patent " a kind of measuring method of Multichannel photoelectric isolation voltage and circuit thereof " (application number: 200710075161.7, CN 101076053A) and Chinese invention patent " multichannel data acquisition system and method thereof " (application number: 200710075161.7 notification number:, CN 101076053A) etc. notification number: all be to adopt hyperchannel time-sharing multiplex data acquisition circuit, but in the Patents of finding, all there is the problem of the following aspects in these patents: the sense channel maximum is no more than 100, only can realize the function to outside input, can not carry out the signal sampling channel self check, there is the problem of poor reliability in its sense channel self work.In addition, these patents are not considered the arbitrary extension function of input passage yet, do not consider the inline diagnosis problem after the input yet.
Because carry out work according to certain workflow and work schedule in the large-scale complicated system courses of work such as space flight and aviation, a survey control field, the concurrency of its signals collecting is less demanding, but the way of its signals collecting is many.In these systems, the number of channels in the signal acquiring system how, how how reliability intelligently will greatly affect space flight and aviation, survey the engineering detecting diagnosis effect of sending out the large-scale complicated systems such as control field with detecting.In the data test process, because the test point position of system under test (SUT) is many, if the sense channel lazy weight then can cause failing to pinpoint a disease in diagnosis of system under test (SUT), if going wrong, sense channel self work tends to cause mistake survey and mistaken diagnosis; When test data occurs when unusual, if only depending on the tester to carry out interpretation seems often and lacks experience, therefore and have little time in time, must realize that the intelligent online of system under test (SUT) detects diagnosis, and will guarantee that sense channel is quantitatively sufficient and self work is upper reliable.And because the at present existing limitation of patented technology on structure and function, when using in the large-scale complicated systems such as space flight and aviation, a survey control field, the sense channel that often seems is not enough, and poor reliability is intelligent poor, can not inline diagnosis.Therefore need to provide a kind of voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel to detect online diagnostic device and method for large-scale complicated systems such as space flight and aviation, survey control fields.
In addition, on the Chinese patent board web, with " excess passage ", " passage self check " and " detecting diagnosis " word that is the theme, searched Patents, do not find the invention case that detects online diagnosis about the voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel of tape channel self-checking function; Equally, with " excess passage ", " passage self check " and " detecting diagnosis " word that is the theme, do not find the document of relevant case at home and abroad in the authoritative bibliographic data base yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel to detect online diagnostic device and method thereof, the comprehensive technology such as becoming parameter, hyperchannel, micro-loading, non-intervention (non-excitation), omnidistance isolation test, power-on self-test that adopt of this device, thoroughly solved detect diagnostic device because of the whole process access disturbs equipment under test, because needing the equipment under test cooperation to finish the technical barrier of diagnosis by real-time online a little less than the detectability; Realized that multi-point, hyperchannel, multiclass become the real-time detection of parameter signals and automatic collection, record, demonstration, analysis and the diagnosis of data, can significantly improve equipment failure and detect and the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosing.
The objective of the invention is to solve by the following technical programs:
This voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel detects diagnostic device online, comprises that external signal input interface, signal conditioning circuit, excess passage switch step control circuit, first signal buffer circuit, A/D signal sampling channel, 8255I/O expansion board, secondary signal buffer circuit, self-test signal circuit for generating, bus, computing machine and electric board.Described external signal is connected to the input end of signal conditioning circuit through input interface, the output terminal of signal conditioning circuit switches the step control circuit with the excess passage and links to each other, input to the first signal buffer circuit behind the signal process excess passage switching step control circuit by described signal conditioning circuit output, send into computing machine by the A/D sampling channel by bus through the signal after the isolation; Described computing machine connects the 8255I/O expansion board by bus, described 8255I/O expansion board is connected to the input end that described excess passage switches the step control circuit by the secondary signal buffer circuit, the input end of described self-test signal circuit for generating is directly controlled by the I/O mouth of 8255I/O expansion board, the output terminal of described self-test signal circuit for generating is connected to described excess passage and switches the step control circuit, described computing machine is realized self-checking by the control signal control self-test signal circuit for generating of 8255I/O expansion board to produce self-test signal, and control excess passage switches the dynamic switching of step control circuit to realize the switching of signal sampling channel.
Above-mentioned excess passage switches the step control circuit and is comprised of N group passage classification control switching circuit, N 〉=1 wherein, and N gets positive integer; Described passage classification control switching circuit carries out step control by the two-stage multiway analog switch, wherein first order multi-channel analog selector switch is comprised of the first to the 16 analog switch, and the second level multi-channel analog selector switch in the described passage classification control switching circuit is comprised of the 17 analog switch; The output terminal of the first to the 16 analog switch of described first order multi-channel analog selector switch is connected to respectively ten six road input ends of described the 17 analog switch; The output terminal of described the 17 analog switch is connected on the first signal buffer circuit.
Above-mentioned the first to the 16 analog switch and the 17 analog switch are 16 to select an analog switch.
Above-mentioned secondary signal buffer circuit is comprised of N group control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit, N 〉=1 wherein, and N gets positive integer.
Above-mentioned control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit is comprised of data buffer circuit, 4-16 road decoding scheme, anti-phase driving circuit and digital light electric isolating circuit; Described data buffer circuit and 4-16 road decoding scheme are connected respectively on the anti-phase driving circuit, and described anti-phase driving circuit is connected with described digital light electric isolating circuit.
The above-mentioned computing machine of the present invention is the PC104 embedded computer, and above-mentioned bus is the PC104 bus.
The present invention also proposes a kind of online detection diagnostic method based on said apparatus, specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) to modulate circuit, described signal conditioning circuit switches the step control circuit through after amplitude limit, the filtering of detected signal are processed signal being inputed to the excess passage to external signal input interface with the detected signal leading of Devices to test;
2) described excess passage switches step control circuit employing two-stage multiway analog switch step control circuit and carries out step control, described two-stage multiway analog switch step control circuit is the N group altogether, every group of passage classification control switching circuit realized the dynamic synchronization isolation test to 256 paths signals, make sense channel be extended to 256 * N road, to realize the signals collecting of excess passage, N 〉=1 wherein, N gets positive integer;
3) output signal of described excess passage switching step control circuit inputs to the first signal buffer circuit, process to realize the signal isolation by voltage follower, the optocoupler buffer circuit of first signal buffer circuit, send into the A/D sampling channel through the signal after the isolation, then send into Computer Processing to realize the collection of signal through bus;
4) the control signal control self-test signal circuit for generating of computing machine by the 8255I/O expansion board to be to produce the self check pumping signal, and whether be used for the test signal acquisition channel reliable; When carrying out self check, the self check pumping signal is switched step control circuit path selection access by the excess passage, and simultaneously external testing signal input channel is disconnected; Control self-test signal circuit for generating and excess passage switch all control signals of step control circuit all from the 8255I/O expansion board, wherein control the excess passage and switch the control signal of step control circuit through the digital photoelectricity isolation of secondary signal buffer circuit.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Online detection diagnostic device of the present invention can be expanded sense channel according to actual testing requirement, and in voltage signal measuring point dynamic access excess passage process, irrelevant measuring point and the not electrical connection of detection diagnostic device, and the problem that multiplexer channel accesses simultaneously can not appear, and the photoelectricity isolation has all been carried out in all input and output of computing machine, and the system rejection to disturbance ability is strong.The online detection diagnostic method that provides can be tested according to the workflow synchronous dynamic of tested large-scale complicated system automatically according to the measuring point coding of definition, and in test process, can carry out the voltage state signal that real-time online detects the diagnosis equipment under test according to the detection time of setting and test result, and can show in real time and store test results.Circuit of the present invention has the passage self-checking function, has guaranteed the reliability of its sense channel self work.The online detection diagnosis requirement of the excess channel voltage signal of the large-scale and complicated devices such as the present invention can satisfy aircraft, satellite, naval vessel, space flight and aviation, engineering machinery, railway well, the intelligent building field or system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the online diagnostic device composition frame chart that detects;
Fig. 2 is that passage switches the step control schematic block circuit diagram;
Fig. 3 is control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is 8255I/O expansion board schematic block circuit diagram;
Fig. 5 is the online diagnostic device system program composition frame chart that detects;
Fig. 6 is the online diagnostic flow chart that detects;
Fig. 7 is the fault knowledge storehouse composition frame chart of XML-based;
Fig. 8 is the on-line fault diagnosis hierarchical chart in XML-based fault knowledge storehouse;
Fig. 9 is passage self-checking circuit theory diagram;
Figure 10 is passage self check process flow diagram;
Figure 11 is the embodiment workflow diagram.
Wherein, 1 is external signal input interface; 2 is signal conditioning circuit; 3 is the self-test signal circuit for generating; 4 is passage classification control switching circuit; 5 is the first signal buffer circuit; 6 is the secondary signal buffer circuit; 7 is the 8255I/O expansion board; 8 is computing machine; 9 is display; 10 is keyboard; 11 is mouse; 12 is electric board; 13 is the A/D signal sampling channel; 14 is the first analog switch; 15 is the second analog switch; 16 is the 16 analog switch; 17 is the 17 analog switch; 18 is voltage follower; 19 is simulated light lotus root isolator; 20 are 8255I/O expansion mouth; 21 are 8255I/O expansion mouth; 22 is data buffer circuit; 23 is 4-16 road decoding scheme; 24 is anti-phase driving circuit; 25 is the digital light electric isolating circuit; 26 is the 8255#1 extended chip; 27 is GAL address assignment circuit; 28 is the 8255#2 extended chip; 29 is address comparison circuit; 30 is the duplex channel data buffer circuit; 31 is state detection module; 32 is data management module; 33 is data acquisition module; 34 is data memory module; 35 for analyzing judge module; 36 is data analysis module; 37 consult module for data; 38 is the normal data library module; 39 is display module as a result; 40 is the knowledge search module; 41 is the fault knowledge library module of XML-based; 42 is fault diagnosis module; 59 are XML statement part; 60 is XML element part; 61 is the fault display layer; 62 is the XML analytic sheaf; 63 is the fault database document level of XML-based; 64 is fault code name layer; 91 is first order multi-channel analog selector switch; 92 are control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit; 100 are excess passage switching step control circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done and to describe in further detail:
Referring to Fig. 1, voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel of the present invention detects diagnostic device online, comprises that external signal input interface 1, signal conditioning circuit 2, excess passage switch step control circuit 100, first signal buffer circuit 5, A/D signal sampling channel 13,8255I/O expansion board 7, secondary signal buffer circuit 6, self-test signal circuit for generating 3, bus, computing machine 8 and electric board 12.Wherein external signal is connected to the input end of signal conditioning circuit 2 through input interface 1, the output terminal of signal conditioning circuit 2 switches step control circuit 100 with the excess passage and links to each other, input to first signal buffer circuit 5 behind the signal process excess passage switching step control circuit 100 by described signal conditioning circuit 2 outputs, send into computing machine 8 by A/D sampling channel 13 by bus through the signal after the isolation, described electric board 12 is connected with computing machine 8.In the present invention, this computing machine 8 adopts the PC104 embedded computer.Computing machine 8 connects 8255I/O expansion board 7 by bus, 8255I/O expansion board 7 is connected to the input end that described excess passage switches step control circuit 100 by secondary signal buffer circuit 6, the input end of self-test signal circuit for generating 3 is directly controlled by the I/O mouth of 8255I/O expansion board 7, the output terminal of self-test signal circuit for generating 3 is connected to described excess passage and switches step control circuit 100, computing machine 8 is controlled self-test signal circuit for generating 3 by the control signal of 8255I/O expansion board 7 and is realized self-checking to produce self-test signal, and control excess passage switches the dynamic switching of step control circuit 100 with the switching of realization signal sampling channel.In addition, as shown in the figure, on computing machine 8, also be provided with necessary human-computer interaction interface device, such as display 9, keyboard 10, mouse 11.
Above-mentioned signal conditioning circuit 2 is to use when input range is sampled in outside measured signal greater than A/D.When external signal input interface 1 is introduced the status signal of equipment under test, after the range conversion of signal conditioning circuit 2, can enlarge status signal measurement range of the present invention, divider resistance in the signal conditioning circuit 2 is different because of the voltage swing to be measured dividing potential drop coefficient that differs, error in order to reduce to bring because of electric resistance partial pressure in the design, the divider resistance in the circuit all adopt high-precision carbon resister.Of-state voltage signal measurement scope of the present invention is 0-120V, and the resistance value of signal conditioning circuit 2 is determined according to the measurement voltage signal scope:
1. when of-state voltage signal measurement scope was 0-10V, apparatus of the present invention were directly measured;
2. when of-state voltage signal measurement scope is 11-27V, the divider resistance R of employing
1i=10M, R
2i=2M;
3. when of-state voltage signal measurement scope is 28-120V, the divider resistance R of employing
1i=22M, R
2i=2M.
Based on said apparatus, online detection diagnostic method of the present invention is as follows:
1) to modulate circuit 2, signal conditioning circuit 2 switches step control circuit 100 through after amplitude limit, the filtering of detected signal are processed signal being inputed to the excess passage to external signal input interface 1 with the detected signal leading of Devices to test;
2) the excess passage switches step control circuit 100 employing two-stage multiway analog switches and carries out step control, two-stage multiway analog switch step control circuit is the N group altogether, every group of passage classification control switching circuit can be realized the dynamic synchronization isolation test to 256 paths signals, can be extended to 256 * N road to sense channel according to actual testing requirement like this with carrying out any amount, to realize the signals collecting of excess passage, N 〉=1 wherein, N gets positive integer;
3) in order to realize the isolation of signal between device of the present invention and detected diagnosis object, eliminated influencing each other and disturbing of the two, apparatus of the present invention have been carried out the signal isolation to input, the output of computing machine 8 respectively.Above-mentioned computing machine 8 input signals are outside measured signal, outside measured signal inputs to first signal buffer circuit 5 after at first switching step control circuit 100 through the excess passage, after the voltage follower of measured signal by first signal buffer circuit 5, optocoupler buffer circuit etc. are processed, realized measured signal and apparatus of the present invention sigtnal interval from, the A/D sampling channel 13 of then sending into computing machine 8 through outside measured signal after the isolation is to realize the collection of signal; Above-mentioned computing machine 8 output signals are the control signal that the excess passage switches step control circuit 100, control signal is from 8255I/O expansion board 7, control signal on the described 8255I/O expansion board 7 can be controlled self-test signal circuit for generating 3 and realize self-checking to produce self-test signal, and switches the dynamic switching of step control circuit 100 to realize the switching of signal sampling channel through control excess passage after the signal isolation of the second buffer circuit 6.
4) while apparatus of the present invention are for the reliability of assurance device self, the computing machine 8 control signal control self-test signal circuit for generating 3 by 8255I/O expansion board 7 to be to produce the self check pumping signal, and whether the signal sampling channel that is used for testing apparatus of the present invention is reliable.When system carried out self check, the self check pumping signal was switched step control circuit 100 channel selecting access apparatus of the present invention by the excess passage, and simultaneously external testing signal input channel is disconnected, and has both guaranteed the System self-test coverage, can not affect equipment under test again.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing hardware components of the present invention and the software section that needs to cooperate are described in detail:
Fig. 2 has provided passage and has switched the step control schematic block circuit diagram.Excess passage of the present invention switches step control circuit 100 and is comprised of N group passage classification control switching circuit 4, N 〉=1 wherein, and N gets positive integer (N that occurs among the present invention all gets same integer).Passage classification control switching circuit 4 carries out step control by the two-stage multiway analog switch, wherein first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91 by the first analog switch 14, the second analog switch 15... the 16 analog switch 16 altogether 16 analog switches form (in the middle of among the figure the 3rd to 15 analog switch not label), second level multi-channel analog selector switch is comprised of the 17 analog switch 17 in the described passage classification control switching circuit, and wherein the first to the 16 analog switch and the 17 analog switch all are 16 to select an analog switch.The output terminal of 16 analog switches of first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91 is connected to ten six road input ends of described the 17 analog switch; The output terminal of the 17 analog switch 17 is connected on the first signal buffer circuit 5.
The excess passage switches all control signals of step control circuit 100 all from 8255I/O expansion board 7, and these control signals are all passed through the digital light-coupled isolation of secondary signal buffer circuit 6.Secondary signal buffer circuit 6 is comprised of N group control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit 92, N 〉=1 wherein, and N gets positive integer.Control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit 92 is comprised of data buffer circuit 22,4-16 road decoding scheme 23, anti-phase driving circuit 24 and digital light electric isolating circuit 25.Data buffer circuit 22 and 4-16 road decoding scheme 23 are connected respectively on the anti-phase driving circuit 24, and anti-phase driving circuit 24 is connected with described digital light electric isolating circuit 25.When outside measured signal was not gathered, the passage that passage switches the step control circuit can not be switched on, and has further improved the antijamming capability of apparatus of the present invention, was not subjected to the impact of apparatus of the present invention when having guaranteed simultaneously the equipment under test normal operation; When the needs collection signal, PC104 embedded computer 8 carries out data buffering by the 8 railway digital amounts output of control 8255I/O expansion board 7 through data buffer circuit 22, D7～D4 after the buffering links to each other with 4-16 road decoding 74LS154 circuit 23 and forms 16 road chip selection signal INH1～INH16, chip selection signal INH1～INH16 and D7～D0 form 24 tunnel control codes altogether after the photoelectricity isolation processing of anti-phase driving circuit 24 and digital light electric isolating circuit 25, this 24 tunnel control code is used for the signal sampling channel gating of control excess passage switching step control circuit 100 single group 256 paths classification control switching circuits or closes.CD4067 adopts the 15V power supply among the present invention, for analog switch can be worked, it is that the logical signal of 15V is controlled by high level that signal and chip selection signal are selected in the road, be the signal of 5V and only provide logic level based on digital output on the embedded computer plate of PC104 bus, adopt photoelectric isolation technology to realize conversion between these two level herein, simultaneously also realized the isolation between equipment under test and the PC104 bus embedded type computing machine has been improved antijamming capability of the present invention.Described digital light electric isolating circuit 25 adopts 6 TLP521-4L to realize.
Fig. 3 has provided control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit schematic diagram.Control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit schematic diagram specific design is as follows:
8 railway digital amount D0-D7 of 8255I/O expansion board 7 export data buffering 74HC244 (being data buffer circuit 22) to and cushion.Wherein, low four D0-D3 of digital quantity send into digital photoelectricity isolation 25 through data buffer circuit 22 bufferings by the driving of anti-phase driving circuit 24, signal addr0～addr3 is selected on the road that forms first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91, and the chip that anti-phase driving circuit 24 adopts is 74LS07.High four D4-D7 of digital quantity link to each other with 4-16 decoding scheme 23 (being realized by chip 74HC154) after data buffer circuit 22 bufferings, after decoding, form 16 bit slices and select signal INH1～INH16, then send into digital light electric isolating circuit 25 through the driving of anti-phase driving circuit 24, form the chip selection signal chip selection signal INH1～INH16 of first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91; Digital quantity D4-D7 links to each other with anti-phase driving circuit 24 after data buffer circuit 22 bufferings simultaneously, after driving, anti-phase driving circuit 24 sends into digital light electric isolating circuit 25, signal addr4～addr7 is selected on the road that forms second level multi-channel analog selector switch, and the chip selection signal INH position of second level multi-channel analog selector switch connects the I/O expansion mouth of 8255I/O expansion board 7.Like this, can select to measure accordingly passage according to the measurement procedure demand of measurand detectable voltage signals, its control channel method is as follows:
At first PC104 embedded computer 8 is by carrying out initialization to 8255I/O expansion board 7, control 8255 corresponding I/O ports, when PC104 embedded computer 8 control 8255I/O port A or B or C send 00000000, the first analog switch 14 and the first via passage thereof in the first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91 selected in expression, and the first via passage in the 17 analog switch 17 of the second level.Be that the implication that represents of the D0-D7 of 8255I/O port output is as follows: low four D0-D3 of 8255I/O port are used for controlling the road of first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91 and select signal, high four D4-D7 of 8255I/O port both had been used for controlling the chip selection signal of first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91, and signal is selected on the road that also is used for controlling the 17 analog switch 17 of the second level.By that analogy, as long as the gating that single group 256 paths switch arbitrary passage in the step control circuit can be arbitrarily controlled in the output of control 8255I/O port.
Fig. 4 has provided 8255I/O expansion board 7 schematic block circuit diagram.8255I/O expansion board 7 is comprised of address comparison circuit 29, GAL address assignment circuit 27, duplex channel data buffer circuit 30,8255#1 extended chip 26 and 8255#2 extended chip 28.8255I/O expansion board circuit is according to the configuration requirement of actual test system, and its work address can be set.8255 register address is determined jointly that by operation address line base address and offset address the base address of its operation address line is by 6 wire jumper settings of address waver, and its offset address is determined by the address wire A0 on the bus of PC104 embedded computer 8, A1.Address wire A9-A4 on PC104 embedded computer 8 buses links to each other with address comparison circuit 29, compare by the address of setting with the address toggle switch and produce the EQU signal, EQU signal and duplex channel data buffer circuit 30 enable pin
Link to each other.In addition, A0, the A1 of EQU signal, PC104 embedded computer 8 address wires, A2 signal, reading signal lines I/OR, AEN, write signal line I/OW, reseting signal line RESET links to each other with 8 road input ends of GAL address distributor 27 respectively, and GAL address distributor other 2 tunnel idle input ends link to each other with GND.GAL address distributor 27 is through reading signal lines I/OR, the write signal line I/OW of address major control 8255 chips after the address assignment, 8255 register option code A0, A1, the chip selection signal CS1 of 8255#1 extended chip 26, the chip selection signal CS2 of 8255#2 extended chip 28 and the control signal DIR of data buffer circuit 30.In addition, the data line D0-D7 of PC104 embedded computer 8 links to each other with data buffer circuit 30, and the data line D0-D7 after the buffering connects respectively the D0-D7 end of 8255#1 extended chip 26 and 8255#2 extended chip 28.
Based on above hardware, the software section that the present invention also needs to be correlated with cooperates, and this software section is exactly the online detection diagnostic system program in the hardware of the present invention.Fig. 5 has provided online detection diagnostic system program composition frame chart.The online diagnostic system program that detects is comprised of state detection module 31, analysis judge module 35 and fault diagnosis module 42.Wherein state detection module 31 is comprised of data acquisition module 33, data memory module 34, data management module 32; Analyze judge module 35 by data analysis module 36, data consult module 37, display module 39 and normal data library module 38 form as a result; Fault diagnosis module 42 is comprised of the fault knowledge library module 41 of knowledge search module 40 and XML-based.The data acquisition that described data acquisition module 33 is used for voltage signal and self-test signal; Data memory module 34 is used for storing the voltage state signal that collects into system database; Data are consulted module 37 and are used for being responsible for consulting historical data; Data analysis module 36 is used for running state recognition and abnormal signal detects; The fault knowledge library module 41 of XML-based and XML knowledge search module 40 are used for the generation of fault diagnosis location and maintenance policy.The fault knowledge storehouse of the fault knowledge library module 41 of described XML-based adopts XML to make up, and comprises fault numbering, failure cause and method for maintaining for the information of describing tested equipment failure.In carrying out the voltage status data detection process, when finding that data mode then generates corresponding failure code and is enabled in simultaneously radiodiagnosis x module 42 when unusual, inline diagnosis module 42 is resolved the fault knowledge storehouse 41 of XML-based by XML Data Analysis knowledge search 40, thereby find out its some position of breaking down, reason and the method for maintaining of fault, at last diagnostic result is shown to operating personnel, instructs the eliminating of fault.
Fig. 6 has provided online detection diagnostic flow chart of the present invention.System adopts coded system at first the measuring point information of voltage signal to be carried out mark and initialization, during PC104 embedded computer 8 each detection external signal, at first read the coding of measuring point variable, comprise by the measuring point information that reads the acquisition of measuring point coding: measuring point name variable, measuring point position, measuring point codomain and detection time.Described measuring point name variable is used for PC104 embedded computer 8 and selects corresponding data acquisition channel, the measuring point position is used for the measuring point position of PC104 embedded computer 8 identification measurands, whether the measuring point codomain is used for the measured value of PC104 embedded computer 8 online differentiation measurands correct, is used for PC104 embedded computer 8 detection time and carries out countdown detection time.After 8 pairs of measured signals detections of PC104 embedded computer are complete, with the display measurement result, and stores it, the simultaneous faults diagnostic routine judges whether to detect at the appointed time qualified signal according to the Boolean quantity of codomain judgment variable, if testing result is normal, then enter the collection of next passage, otherwise enter in the on-line fault diagnosis 57 of XML-based fault database.
In order to realize the on-line monitoring and diagnosis of large-scale complicated system, the invention provides the on-line monitoring and diagnosis method of a kind of hyperchannel, micro-loading, non-intervention (non-excitation), omnidistance isolation, the method can realize the Simultaneous Monitoring diagnosis of excess channel signal, can carry out arbitrary extension to sense channel according to actual testing requirement, can carry out the dynamic synchronization on-line monitoring and diagnosis according to the workflow of tested complication system, its on-line monitoring and diagnosis method concrete steps are as follows:
(1) system program carries out initialization, specifically comprises:
A) carry out the measuring point numbering according to the workflow of tested large-scale complicated system, and the measuring point title of tested large-scale complicated system voltage signal is carried out variable enumerate;
B) the tested large-scale complicated system on-line monitoring and diagnosis flow data structure of definition specifically comprises the definition of measuring point title, the definition of measuring point position, the measuring point codomain upper limit, lower limit definition and amount definition detection time of measurand;
C) according to the on-line monitoring and diagnosis flow data structure of tested large-scale complicated system of definition, and according to the workflow initialization on-line monitoring and diagnosis flow data structure of tested large-scale complicated system, namely according to the workflow of tested large-scale complicated system to the measuring point title of each measuring point, measuring point position, the measuring point codomain upper limit, lower limit and detection time amount carry out variable-definition and variable assignments;
(2) system program specifically comprises outside voltage signal acquisition:
A) definition test cost time variable, test result codomain judgment variable, and to the two variable tax initial value 0;
B) read on-line monitoring and diagnosis flow process after the initialization, and choose corresponding testing procedure in the on-line monitoring and diagnosis flow data structure according to measuring point numbering, obtain the information in certain step in the testing process, comprising: measuring point name variable, measuring point position, the measuring point codomain upper limit, lower limit and detection time;
C) enter loop program and judge, if the detection time of setting is overtime and do not detect correct test result, the detection time of perhaps setting is overtime but detected correct test result, and system program all will be jumped out loop program;
D) do not detect correct test result if the detection time of setting is overtime, then carry out loop program, and control the gating of corresponding measured signal passage according to the measuring point name variable;
E) select A/D ALT-CH alternate channel and the input range of A/D switching signal is set;
F) value that A/D sampling is obtained adopts removes the extreme mean filtering method, that is: continuous sampling is N time, removes a maximal value, removes a minimum value, the arithmetic mean of complementation N-2 the sampled value of getting off again, and N gets 9 among the present invention;
G) go extreme mean filtering by voltage acquisition after, then read the measured value that A/D gathers subroutine, and be converted into the actual measured value of voltage;
H) test cost time variable is added 1 operation, and give test result codomain judgment variable assignment.Wherein, whether test result codomain judgment variable mainly carries out assignment according to test result between the measuring point codomain upper limit and measuring point codomain lower limit, and assignment 1 expression testing result is in measuring point codomain scope, and assignment 0 expression is not in measuring point codomain scope;
I) return loop program, and according to the value of measuring point test cost time variable and test result codomain judgment variable the systemic circulation program is judged, measure the detection time that defines in the testing process and the value of test result codomain judgment variable is 0 if the test cost time has exceeded, test perhaps that the cost time does not exceed the detection time amount that defines in the testing process and the value of test result codomain judgment variable is 1, then cycle values is false, and the systemic circulation program will be jumped out circulation and according to the Boolean quantity return parameters value of test result codomain judgment variable; Otherwise cycle values is that true time explanation measuring point was not still tested correctly within the detection time of setting, and the systemic circulation program will be proceeded test until the systemic circulation program satisfies the loop termination condition to current measuring point like this;
J) when satisfying the loop termination condition, the systemic circulation EOP (end of program), system will show and stores it;
K) system program will judge whether to detect at the appointed time qualified signal according to the Boolean quantity of test result codomain judgment variable, rreturn value is that the magnitude of voltage of the current measuring point signal of 1 explanation measurand is normal, and program is proceeded the voltage signal test of next measuring point.If rreturn value is 0, the check point data exception then is described, system will enter based in the diagnosis of the on-line intelligence in fault knowledge storehouse.
(3) system program carries out diagnosing based on the on-line intelligence in fault knowledge storehouse to unusual measuring point, specifically comprises:
A) at first set up system failure knowledge hierarchy tree according to the system architecture of tested large-scale complicated system, and adopt the XML-based technology to realize the fault knowledge, failure message to tested each measuring point of large-scale complicated system has carried out Unified number, the XML-based technical failure knowledge base of setting up, comprise XML statement, processing instruction and XML element three parts, the relevant information that has comprised tested large-scale complicated system fault specifically comprises fault numbering, failure cause and method for maintaining.
B) when system program judges that measuring point is unusual, write down the fault code name of this moment, the measured value that is which step is unusual, then system program is according to the fault numbering of fault number index to XML-based technical failure knowledge base, and according to fault numbering XML fault knowledge storehouse is resolved, concrete steps are as follows:
1. read in XML fault knowledge database documents.
2. check whether grammatical rule of XML fault knowledge database documents, guarantee that beginning label has with the end mark of its coupling, only has a root element, all elements to consist of a hierarchical tree and do not have overlapping element.
If 3. do not find mistake, then XML is converted to the form that system program uses, i.e. the data structure that can use of construction system program; Errors excepted, then provide the report of parse error.
4. resolve output, by system program XML document is conducted interviews, extracting needed maintenance direction information shows, mainly be that fault origination point position, failure cause and the method for maintaining that will find shows, with Function detection and the original position on-line fault diagnosis of realizing tested large-scale complicated system.
Fig. 7 has provided the fault knowledge storehouse composition frame chart of XML-based.The fault knowledge of apparatus of the present invention represents and stores all that the XML-based technology realizes.Because XML document is edited as text, can directly be stored in XML document in the system program of PC104 embedded computer 8 as a common text, the method simply and not needing to realize special Database Systems or storage manager, only needs first it to be resolved to get final product when each access XML document.Apparatus of the present invention are defined as a simple hierarchical tree with the fault knowledge storehouse of XML-based, comprise XML statement, processing instruction and XML element three parts.Described XML statement part 59 appears at the beginning part of document, comprises version number, possible speech encoding, optional DTD (Document Type Definition) (DTD); Described XML element part 60 comprises the compositions such as marker character, attribute, note, entity reference, is the element of XML tag.Wherein, the XML tag symbol comprises start mark symbol and corresponding end mark symbol, and the two is successively nested; The XML attribute is the character of element, and attribute has been explained the interior information of beginning label of element, by＜? with? character group defines; Note among the XML with＜!--beginning, with--finish, it can appear at any position of XML document.For improving search efficiency, simplifying search utility, apparatus of the present invention have been carried out Unified number to the failure message of each measuring point of equipment under test, set up the fault knowledge storehouse of uniform format, the relevant information of tested equipment failure can clearly be described, comprising fault numbering, failure cause and method for maintaining.
Fig. 8 has provided the on-line fault diagnosis hierarchical chart in XML-based fault knowledge storehouse.Online detection diagnostic function provided by the invention is finished by four levels, comprising: fault display layer 61, XML analytic sheaf 62, the fault database document level 63 of XML-based, fault code name layer 64.Described fault code name layer 64 is generated by the online trace routine of voltage signal, in the online trace routine of voltage signal when judging the electric voltage exception of equipment under test, apparatus of the present invention are write down the fault code name of this moment, the measured value that is which step is unusual, in fault code name layer 64, detect online diagnostic routine and number to the fault in the XML fault database document level 63 according to the fault number index; The fault knowledge storehouse composition diagram of the XML-based that the fault database document level 63 of described XML-based provides referring to Fig. 7 mainly is to set up fault knowledge of the present invention storehouse; Described fault display layer 61 mainly is that fault origination point position, failure cause and the method for maintaining that will find shows, to realize Function detection and the original position on-line fault diagnosis of equipment under test.
Fig. 9 has provided passage self-checking circuit theory diagram.Self-test signal is that the 15V power supply is hung oneself and formed+the 5V signal after the voltage stabilizing, when apparatus of the present invention are in when detecting state, PC104 embedded computer 8 sends corresponding relay control signal by 8255I/O expansion board 7 to self-test signal circuit for generating 3, with self check relay closes in the control self-test signal circuit for generating 3, after the relay closes will by the 15V power supply hang oneself that voltage stabilizing forms+the 5V self-test signal introduces the different input ends of every a slice CD4067 in the first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91, namely is connected respectively to IO1～IO16 input end.When carrying out self-checking, PC104 embedded computer 8 is judged the acquisition channel quality of signal by the quality of every CD4067 in the sense channel classification control switching circuit respectively, the principle of its realization is to detect the foundation that single passage quality is used as judging full wafer CD4067 quality, and the advantage of design is the hardware design of having simplified system like this.In addition, the self test mode that the present invention adopts is that self-test signal is measured detection, namely whether in the error allowed band, judge the reliability that passage detects through the size of measurement of comparison value and self-test signal, so multidiameter option switch, photoelectric isolated chip and A/D data acquisition chip have all obtained detection validation under this kind self test mode.The self-checking circuit design simplification of apparatus of the present invention the design of circuit board, reduced cost, improved the reliability that detects diagnostic device.After self check was finished, PC104 embedded computer 8 sent corresponding relay control signal, and pilot relay disconnects, thereby disconnection+5V self-test signal makes circuit board be in test mode.
Figure 10 has provided passage self check process flow diagram, and step 70 is 8255 initialization.In process of self-test, step 71～73 realize that the PC104 embedded computer sends the self check relay control signal, and control reliably the self check relay closes.Step 74～76 realize that PC104 embedded computer 16 sends the channel selecting control signal, and control reliably the gating of selected self check passage.In step 78, the PC104 embedded computer self-test signal is detected and the size of measurement of comparison value and self-test signal whether in the error allowed band, if in allowed band then judge that the self check of self check passage is normal, and again self-test signal is detected and the size of measurement of comparison value and self-test signal whether in the error allowed band, if it is unusual to be judged as self check, then rreturn value 0, when again being judged as self check when normal, then rreturn value 1, otherwise rreturn value 0 still.After detection is finished to self-test signal, in step 85, PC104 embedded computer 8 is judged according to detecting rreturn value, if rreturn value 1 represents that then the passage of current self check is normal, and judge whether that all passage self checks finish, if finishing then self check finishes, and disconnect the self check relay, enter simultaneously test mode, otherwise order is carried out the self check of next passage; If rreturn value 0 is then carried out self check and reported to the police, the prompting self check is not passed through.
Figure 11 has provided embodiment of the invention workflow diagram.Certain large-scale and complicated device or system are carried out presence when detecting diagnosis, and the embodiment workflow is as follows:
At first by transfer box and transit cable the various voltage working signals of equipment under test are sent to interface circuit.At first carry out program initialization according to setting in advance behind the system boot, the related port that detects the diagnosis hardware system is carried out necessary initialization setting, then the startup interface display routine provides the selection of mode of operation for operating personnel, and operating personnel can select System self-test, consult historical test data or finish test to the associated voltage amount with equipment under test synchronous operation this moment.When apparatus of the present invention are in when detecting pattern, at first PC104 Embedded computer system self check relay is to provide self-test signal to sampling channel, then send the self check control code of different passages for each analog switch CD4067 in the first order, corresponding from detecting passage by gating, so that self-test signal is delivered on the A/D sampling channel, the PC104 embedded computer judges by the consistance that compares self-test signal and actual measurement data whether sampling channel fault has occured, if unusual, then respective channel breaks down.After breaking down, the sampling channel that device breaks down according to self-detection result location, self non-fault when the passage self-checking function of apparatus of the present invention guarantees to detect diagnostic device work, thereby the reliability and the security that have greatly improved apparatus of the present invention.When apparatus of the present invention are in test mode, according to running status and the workflow of equipment under test, synchronously the different channel voltage signals of equipment under test are gathered.The PC104 embedded computer sends steering order by the PC104 bus to excess passage step control circuit in the test process, the analog switch work of control respective channel, connect the signalling channel that needs collection, and by A/D the voltage of equipment under test is gathered, and measurement result shown, store and management, the PC104 embedded computer carries out inline diagnosis to the signal that records simultaneously, after being judged as unusually, its inline diagnosis module begins to utilize XML knowledge search module, the abnormal signal numbering is carried out the location, fault knowledge storehouse of XML-based, and provide corresponding maintenance measures and suggestion, thereby realize quick diagnosis and the accurate location of measurand voltage signal.When apparatus of the present invention are in when consulting historical test data, can consult the historical data that is stored in the apparatus system writing time according to the test data of consulting of selecting.When all above-mentioned mode of operations are not all selected, can select to log off.
In sum, online detection diagnostic device provided by the present invention can be expanded sense channel according to actual testing requirement, and expansion quantity can be up to 256 * N road, to realize the collection of excess channel signal, and N 〉=1 wherein, N gets positive integer.In with voltage signal measuring point dynamic access excess passage process, the not electrical connection of irrelevant measuring point and detection system, and the problem that multiplexer channel accesses simultaneously can not occur, and all input and output of PC104 embedded computer have all carried out the photoelectricity isolation, the system rejection to disturbance ability is strong.The online detection diagnostic method that provides can be tested according to the workflow synchronous dynamic of tested large-scale complicated system automatically according to the measuring point coding of definition, and in test process, can carry out the voltage state signal that real-time online detects the diagnosis equipment under test according to the detection time of setting and test result, and can show in real time and store test results, and can be according to the abnormal voltage status information that detects, in conjunction with the fault knowledge storehouse of XML-based, finish online the search location of fault.The present invention is for the voltage signal greater than A/D sampling input range, its each sampling channel input impedance is greater than 12 megaohms, detected of-state voltage scope is 0V～120V, and circuit has the passage self-checking function simultaneously, has guaranteed the reliability of its sense channel self work.The online detection diagnosis requirement of the excess channel voltage signal of the large-scale and complicated devices such as the present invention can satisfy aircraft, satellite, naval vessel, space flight and aviation, engineering machinery, railway well, the intelligent building field or system.
Claims (9)
1. a voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel detects diagnostic device online, comprise external signal input interface (1), signal conditioning circuit (2), the excess passage switches step control circuit (100), first signal buffer circuit (5), A/D signal sampling channel (13), 8255 I/O expansion board (7), secondary signal buffer circuit (6), self-test signal circuit for generating (3), bus, computing machine (8) and electric board (12), it is characterized in that: described external signal is connected to the input end of signal conditioning circuit (2) through input interface (1), the output terminal of signal conditioning circuit (2) switches step control circuit (100) with the excess passage and links to each other, input to first signal buffer circuit (5) behind the signal process excess passage switching step control circuit (100) by described signal conditioning circuit (2) output, send into computing machine (8) by A/D sampling channel (13) by bus through the signal after the isolation; Described computing machine (8) connects 8255 I/O expansion board (7) by bus, described 8255 I/O expansion board (7) are connected to the input end that described excess passage switches step control circuit (100) by secondary signal buffer circuit (6), the input end of described self-test signal circuit for generating (3) is directly controlled by the I/O mouth of 8255 I/O expansion board (7), the output terminal of described self-test signal circuit for generating (3) is connected to described excess passage and switches step control circuit (100), described computing machine (8) is controlled self-test signal circuit for generating (3) by the control signal of 8255 I/O expansion board (7) and is realized self-checking to produce self-test signal, and control excess passage switches the switching of the dynamic switching realization signal sampling channel of step control circuit (100);
Described excess passage switches step control circuit (100) and is comprised of N group passage classification control switching circuit (4), N 〉=1 wherein, and N gets positive integer; Described passage classification control switching circuit (4) carries out step control by the two-stage multiway analog switch, wherein first order multi-channel analog selector switch (91) is comprised of the first to the 16 analog switch, and the second level multi-channel analog selector switch in the described passage classification control switching circuit (4) is comprised of the 17 analog switch; The output terminal of the first to the 16 analog switch of described first order multi-channel analog selector switch (91) is connected to respectively ten six road input ends of described the 17 analog switch; The output terminal of described the 17 analog switch (17) is connected on the first signal buffer circuit (5).
2. voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel according to claim 1 detects diagnostic device online, it is characterized in that: described the first to the 16 analog switch and the 17 analog switch (17) are 16 to select an analog switch.
3. voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel according to claim 1 detects diagnostic device online, it is characterized in that: described secondary signal buffer circuit (6) is comprised of N group control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit (92), N 〉=1 wherein, and N gets positive integer.
4. voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel according to claim 3 detects diagnostic device online, it is characterized in that: described control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit (92) is comprised of data buffer circuit (22), 4-16 road decoding scheme (23), anti-phase driving circuit (24) and digital light electric isolating circuit (25); Described data buffer circuit (22) and 4-16 road decoding scheme (23) are connected respectively on the anti-phase driving circuit (24), and described anti-phase driving circuit (24) is connected with described digital light electric isolating circuit (25).
5. voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel according to claim 4 detects diagnostic device online, it is characterized in that: described data buffer circuit (22) adopts 74HC244 to realize.
6. voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel according to claim 4 detects diagnostic device online, it is characterized in that: described digital light electric isolating circuit (25) adopts 6 TLP521-4L to realize.
7. voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel according to claim 4 detects diagnostic device online, it is characterized in that: described anti-phase driving circuit (24) adopts 74LS07 to realize; Described 4-16 road decoding scheme (23) adopts 74HC154 to realize.
8. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channels detect diagnostic device online, it is characterized in that: described computing machine (8) is the PC104 embedded computer, described bus is the PC104 bus.
9. the online detection diagnostic method based on the described device of claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) to modulate circuit (2), described signal conditioning circuit (2) switches step control circuit (100) through after amplitude limit, the filtering of detected signal are processed signal being inputed to the excess passage to external signal input interface (1) with the detected signal leading of Devices to test;
2) described excess passage switches step control circuit (100) employing two-stage multiway analog switch step control circuit and carries out step control, described two-stage multiway analog switch step control circuit is the N group altogether, every group of passage classification control switching circuit realized the dynamic synchronization isolation test to 256 paths signals, make sense channel be extended to 256 * N road, to realize the signals collecting of excess passage, N 〉=1 wherein, N gets positive integer;
3) output signal of described excess passage switching step control circuit (100) inputs to first signal buffer circuit (5), process to realize the signal isolation by voltage follower, the optocoupler buffer circuit of first signal buffer circuit (5), send into A/D sampling channel (13) through the signal after the isolation, then send into computing machine (8) through bus and process to realize the collection of signal;
4) the control signal control self-test signal circuit for generating (3) of computing machine (8) by 8255 I/O expansion board (7) to be to produce the self check pumping signal, and whether be used for the test signal acquisition channel reliable; When carrying out self check, the self check pumping signal is switched the access of step control circuit (100) channel selecting by the excess passage, and simultaneously external testing signal input channel is disconnected; Control self-test signal circuit for generating (3) and excess passage switch all control signals of step control circuit (100) all from 8255 I/O expansion board (7), wherein control the excess passage and switch the control signal of step control circuit (100) through the digital light-coupled isolation of secondary signal buffer circuit (6).
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| CN104035020B (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2016-08-17 | 致茂电子(苏州)有限公司 | Can isolation signals interference semiconductor circuit test device |
| CN103616888B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2017-02-15 | 中国北车集团大连机车研究所有限公司 | Function test board for traction control unit of internal combustion locomotive |
| CN104121828B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2017-02-15 | 北京宇航系统工程研究所 | Speed-grading and impact signal flexible collecting method |
| CN104075735B (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2017-02-15 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | Self diagnosis method and self diagnosis device for inertia measurement device |
| CN105335489B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2019-02-15 | 南京国电南自轨道交通工程有限公司 | A kind of accident alarming enquiring and optimizing method |
| CN105388885B (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2018-04-20 | 绵阳市维博电子有限责任公司 | A kind of means of voting and device of analog acquisition passage |
| CN108072801A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-25 | 江西昌河航空工业有限公司 | A kind of on-line testing method based on test circuit in parallel |
| CN109412575B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-09-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十四研究所 | High-speed digital photoelectric coupler with selectable transmission directions |
| CN113779778B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2024-04-05 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Ship system task channel test point optimization method |
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| CN2816817Y (en) * | 2005-08-11 | 2006-09-13 | 杜红日 | Portable multiple measuring-input path isolation type detecting gauge |
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