CN102031126A - Dry quenching method - Google Patents
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- CN102031126A CN102031126A CN2010102680228A CN201010268022A CN102031126A CN 102031126 A CN102031126 A CN 102031126A CN 2010102680228 A CN2010102680228 A CN 2010102680228A CN 201010268022 A CN201010268022 A CN 201010268022A CN 102031126 A CN102031126 A CN 102031126A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dry quenching method. The method comprises the step of: using a low heating value gas which is generated in industrial production process and contains carbon monoxide as a dry quenching gas. The low heating value gas can be blast furnace gas and revolving furnace gas from steel and iron works or air gas generated in coal underground gasification process. A high-temperature high heating value gas subjected to quenching or circularly and repeatedly quenching is used for coking or integrated gasification combined cycle power generation or gas and steam combined cycle power generation, or enters a heat exchanging system after being burnt with air.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dry coke quenching method, more specifically, the low heating value gas that the present invention relates to produce from industrial production is used for the method for dry coke quenching.
Background technology
Coking is the process that is made coke by the destructive distillation of coal process, and this process is an important process of coal chemistry industry.In the process of coal system coke, need lower the temperature to high temperature coke (be commonly called as red Jiao, temperature is generally 950-1050 ℃), thereby red Jiao is cooled to be convenient to the temperature transporting and store.The operating process that red Jiao is cooled to be convenient to transport with storage temperature is called quenching.Through quenching, coke is cooled to below 250 ℃.At present, mainly there are two class coke quenching methods in the world, i.e. coke wet quenching method and dry coke quenching method.
The coke wet quenching method is directly to utilize water to water to be sprinkled upon a kind of method that red Jiao of high temperature goes up cooling, and this method technology is simple, less investment, but can not reclaim the coke sensible heat, environmental pollution is bigger.The dry coke quenching method is to be thermal barrier with the rare gas element for the coke wet quenching method, by recirculation blower cold recycle gas is sent into red burnt cooling room cooling down high-temperature coke, absorbs cycling hot conductance behind the coke heat and goes into waste heat boiler and reclaim heat, produces steam.After recycle gas cooling, the dedusting, return cooling room through blower fan again, so circulation is cooled to red Jiao below 250 ℃ and discharges.Compare with the coke wet quenching method, there is following benefit in the dry coke quenching method: reclaim red burnt sensible heat, reduce the environmental pollutant discharging and improve coke quality.Along with energy dilemma and to the pay attention to day by day of environment protection, the dry coke quenching method has the better development prospect.
Coke-oven gas is the pyrolysis of coal gaseous state product that produces in the coal process of coking, the about 18500kJ/Nm of calorific value
3, belong to the gas of higher calorific value, mainly contain combustible gases such as hydrogen and methane.CN101289620A discloses a kind of dry coke quenching method, and the mixed gas that wherein adopts low-pressure steam or low-pressure steam and coke-oven gas absorbs red burnt sensible heat as quenching gas, and with red Jiao generation synthetic gas that reacts.This method combines dry coke quenching and synthetic gas production, utilizes the synthesis gas preparation methyl alcohol that produces in the dry coke quenching process.
The disclosed dry coke quenching method of CN1752180A adopts the hydrogen-rich gas of high heating value, and for example coke-oven gas (hydrogen about 56%, methane about 27%) replaces the rare gas element in the conventional dry coke quenching method.This method is mainly paid close attention to the sulphur content that utilizes in the hydrogen reducing coke a large amount of in the coke-oven gas, thereby effectively reduces coke sulphur content (improving＞30%).
The Wang Lixiu of Institutes Of Technology Of Taiyuan, people such as Zhang Yongfa (Dry Quenching Technology present situation and the exploitation of coke-oven gas dry coke quenching new industrial research, the chemical industry progress, 2009 (28): 74-77.) disclosed dry coke quenching method is divided into two sections with the coke process of cooling, and cooling section and physics cooling section promptly gasify.In the gasification cooling section, steam and the reaction of high temperature coke generating gasification absorb heat and form synthetic gas (H
2And CO); In the physics cooling section, circulation coke-oven gas and hot coke heat make the high temperature coke cooling then.This method improves coke quality, and reduces pollutant emission.
At present, the gas that is used for the dry coke quenching method can be nitrogen, steam or coke-oven gas, and nitrogen is adopted in industry mostly.The common feature of this class gas is to need usually just can be used for quenching through pre-treatment step, cost is higher, for example, nitrogen is normally got by air separation, the steam gas that to be water produce through the heat absorption back (often can not directly be used for quenching, but mix quenching again with other gas earlier), coke-oven gas are the gas that produces behind the coal process high temperature carbonization in the process of coking.
Produce the low heating value gas that contains carbon monoxide in a large number in many Industrial processes, gas source is very abundant.For example from blast furnace gas, the coal gas of converter of Steel Plant or the air gas that produces by coal underground gasifying technology.
From the variation range of the main combustiblecomponents of blast furnace gas of Steel Plant for being CO (20.0%-30.0%) and a spot of H
2(1.0%-8.0%), major part is non-flammable rare gas element CO
2(13.0%-25.0%) and N
2(50.0%-55.0%).Therefore, be characterized in combustible content few (only accounting for 21.0%-38.0%), combustionproperty is poor, thermal value is low, calorific value is low (is generally 2510-3520kJ/Nm
3).Blast furnace gas is used for blast funnace hot blast stove and sintering ignition more, because of its calorific value is lower, then needs with just passable after the gas of high heating value mixes if be used for coking, and quite a few then directly is discharged in the middle of the atmosphere in addition.Because the characteristics of blast furnace gas make people assert that it is a kind of inferior fuel, use value is not high, general enterprise at first selects to diffuse when gas balance is bad, and therefore, blast furnace gas diffuses the general sign as enterprise's gas balance measure of measurement and level of rate.How to effectively utilize blast furnace gas, minimizing is diffused, and iron and steel enterprise is realized that energy-saving and emission-reduction are significant.It is reported that the rate of diffusing of each iron and steel enterprise's blast furnace gas of annual China is 13.72%.Blast furnace gas diffuses in a large number, not only causes a large amount of energy dissipations, and causes serious environmental to pollute.
Coal gas of converter produces when being the oxygen coverter smelting molten steel, and between the blowing process, converter is produced 1 ton of molten steel and produced 80～100m usually
3Coal gas of converter, main component is CO and CO
2, calorific value is generally 7500～8000kJ/Nm
3Coal-gas recovering is the concentrated reflection of Steel Works Equipment ability and operant level, and it is system's work.Gas recovery system is undertaken the RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS task, the energy recovery when being related to converter production, the directly negative index of making steel of influence.2007, the average RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS level of Chinese emphasis iron and steel enterprise was 63m
3/ t, this explanation has a big chunk coal gas of converter not to be recovered utilization.Therefore, need a kind of method that can improve the coal-gas recovering utilization ratio of exploitation.
(Underground Coal Gasification is controlledly to burn being in subterranean coal UCG), the process that produces inflammable gas by heat effect and chemical action to coal in underground coal gasification.Adopt the component difference of the purification coal gas that different gasifying process obtain very big.The air gas calorific value of underground gasification production at present is on the low side, and main combustiblecomponents is CO, H2, CH
4And CO
2, calorific value is generally 3000～4000kJ/Nm
3, therefore range of application is restricted.In order to improve caloric power of gas and to increase flammable stabilizing gas component concentration, adopt technologies such as water vapor gasification and oxygen-rich gasification coal gas in the test in the past, but these technologies are still needed and will further be conducted a research at present on technical equipment.In view of the current situation of present coal underground gasifying technology, develop a kind of method that can improve the calorific value of the low heat value air gas that underground coal gasification produces, have very big magnetism.
In sum, the characteristics of above-mentioned low heating value gas are that calorific value is on the low side, but output is very big, will certainly cause waste as effectively not utilizing in addition.
Summary of the invention
For producing the low heating value gas reasonable use how more contain carbon monoxide in a large number in the Industrial processes, the present invention proposes a kind of coke quenching method.Described method comprises the low heating value gas that contains carbon monoxide that will produce in the Industrial processes, and for example the air gas that produces from the blast furnace gas of Steel Plant, coal gas of converter or by coal underground gasifying technology is as the gas of dry coke quenching.The low heating value gas that contains carbon monoxide that produces in the Industrial processes of the present invention also contains a certain amount of carbonic acid gas usually.The calorific value of the low heating value gas that contains carbon monoxide that produces in the Industrial processes of the present invention is usually less than 10000kJ/Nm
3, for example less than 9000kJ/Nm
3, in certain embodiments, described calorific value is less than 5000kJ/Nm
3As the skilled personnel can understand, there is no particular limitation for the calorific value lower limit of described low heating value gas, and for example, in certain embodiments, the calorific value of described low heating value gas can be greater than 500kJ/Nm
3, perhaps greater than 1000kJ/Nm
3
The present invention is used for the low heating value gas that contains carbon monoxide that produces in the Industrial processes integrated processes of dry coke quenching, when realizing the quenching effect, can be convenient this low heating value gas is carried out reasonable use, reduce these low heating value gass directly to sky discharging, not only environmental protection but also energy-conservation.
Low heating value gas of the present invention reclaims the red burnt sensible heat that discharges in the quenching process through quenching, and generating unit is divided the chemistry reaction simultaneously, has improved the calorific value of low heating value gas, becomes the higher gas of calorific value, so that follow-up utilization.In the method for the invention, the low heating value gas after the quenching becomes the high temperature high heat value gas, makes it that value of utilization is more arranged for the calorific value that improves gas, and quenching can be once also to circulate repeatedly; For guaranteeing that each quenching can both produce the quenching effect of expection, so low heating value gas is when circulating repeatedly quenching, and the gas after each quenching also should be through a heat exchange step, to reclaim its sensible heat.High temperature high heat value gas after the quenching can also be expediently in the following manner or the combination of following mode utilize:
(1) the high temperature high heat value gas after the quenching is directly utilized.The described mode of directly utilizing for example comprises, the high temperature high heat value gas after the quenching is used for integrated gasification combined cycle plants or combustion and steam combined cycle generation; Be used for coking; Enter heat-exchange system after perhaps burning with air.
(2) high temperature high heat value gas after the quenching and heat-exchange system are carried out heat exchange, heat-exchange system can be any equipment be familiar with of those skilled in the art or the set of equipment, for example in boiler, carry out indirect heat exchange and reclaim heat with water or steam, steam after the heat exchange is used for generating, and the quenching gas after the heat exchange becomes cryogenic gas that calorific value increases and can circulate and carry out quenching again.In some cases, the quenching gas after so circulating repeatedly can be taken out, directly utilize, for example be used for coking.
For the high temperature high heat value gas after the quenching of the present invention, first-selection is directly utilized it as mentioned above, but not quenching is returned in circulation after the heat exchange.Need a large amount of gas to circulate based on dry coke quenching, the present invention has brought the benefit that the low heating value gas that contains carbon monoxide in a large number that produces in the Industrial processes is further effectively utilized thus, has solved for example superfluous directly burning and exhausting contaminate environment of Steel Plant's blast furnace gas and waste problem of resource.
Therefore, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention is coupled by the method and the dry coke quenching method that will produce low heating value gas, gas after the quenching is directly used in coking, make described low heating value gas when reaching the quenching effect, can improve self physics heat and calorific value, gas behind the increase calorific value more helps coking, thereby has realized described low heating value gas is utilized better.
(2) the present invention makes full use of these characteristics of calorific value that the quenching process can improve described low heating value gas, after described low heating value gas is used for quenching, after can also reclaiming its sensible heat through heat exchange step, be used for quenching again, move in circles with this, quenching has each time all improved the calorific value of described low heating value gas, to help follow-up coking step more.
(3) dry coke quenching method provided by the invention when coking, has made full use of the sensible heat that quenching gas increases in the quenching process, make the energy utilization more rationally effectively.
(4) need blending high heat value gas such as coke-oven gas just can be used for the technology of coking because of calorific value is low at the prior art blast furnace gas, dry coke quenching method provided by the invention can effectively substitute this technology.The present invention has improved the calorific value of blast furnace gas in the process of quenching, need not the blending high heat value gas and promptly can be used for coking, has both reached the purpose of coking, provides cost savings, and makes the very big blast furnace gas of output obtain effective utilization simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Now also the present invention is described in more details with reference to the drawings in conjunction with preferred embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of dry coke quenching method of the present invention, and the dried stove that puts out was returned in whole circulations after wherein the gas after the quenching discharged heat energy in boiler systems, and the implication of Reference numeral is as follows among the figure: 1. the dried stove that puts out; 2. burnt jar; 3. primary dust removing; 4. boiler systems; 5. two-stage dust removal; 6. blower fan; 7. blast furnace gas pipeline network; 8. deoxygenation water tank; 9. working shaft; 10. rotate coke discharging equipment; 11. chute; 12. steam turbine power generating;
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of dry coke quenching method of the present invention, and wherein the gas after the quenching is used for coking discharge a part of heat energy in boiler systems after, and the implication of Reference numeral is as follows among the figure: 1. the dried stove that puts out; 2. burnt jar; 3. primary dust removing; 4. boiler systems; 5. coke oven combustion gas distribution system; 6. blower fan; 7. blast furnace gas pipeline network; 8. deoxygenation water tank; 9. working shaft; 10. rotate coke discharging equipment; 11. chute; 12. steam turbine power generating; 13. blast furnace gas hold-up vessel;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of dry coke quenching method of the present invention, and wherein the gas after the quenching is mainly used in direct coking, and the implication of Reference numeral is as follows among the figure: 1. the dried stove that puts out; 2. burnt jar; 3. primary dust removing; 5. coke oven combustion gas distribution system; 6. blower fan; 7. blast furnace gas pipeline network; 10. rotate coke discharging equipment; 11. chute; 13. blast furnace gas hold-up vessel;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of dry coke quenching method of the present invention, and wherein the gas after the quenching is used for integrated gasification combined cycle for power generation or is used for the combustion and steam combined cycle generation, and the implication of Reference numeral is as follows among the figure: 1. the dried stove that puts out; 2. burnt jar; 3. primary dust removing; 4. integrated gasification combined cycle plants or combustion and steam combined cycle; 6. blower fan; 7. blast furnace gas pipeline network; 11. chute; 13. blast furnace gas hold-up vessel;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of dry coke quenching method of the present invention, and wherein the gas after the quenching is mainly used in and the boiler systems heat exchange, and the implication of Reference numeral is as follows among the figure: 1. the dried stove that puts out; 2. burnt jar; 3. primary dust removing; 4. boiler systems; 6. blower fan; 7. blast furnace gas pipeline network; 11. chute; 13. blast furnace gas hold-up vessel; 14. air pipe network; 15. exhaust pipe.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the blast furnace gas that is primarily aimed at from Steel Plant illustrates specific embodiments more of the present invention.The person skilled in the art will easily understand that these embodiments can utilize other that produce in the Industrial processes to contain the low heating value gas of carbon monoxide equally, for example coal gas of converter or the gas that produces by coal underground gasifying technology.
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of dry coke quenching method of the present invention, and the dried stove that puts out was returned in whole circulations after wherein the gas after the quenching discharged heat energy in boiler systems.Blast furnace gas is as dry quenching system internal recycling gas, send into dried red Jiao who puts out stove 1 back and inside by blower fan 6 and carry out thermal exchange, discharge by dried air channel of putting out furnace interior, produce the generating of steam pushing turbine through entering boiler systems 4 behind the primary dust removing 3, blast furnace gas after the cooling is through final dusting 5, after carrying out heat exchange with the deaerated water that enters boiler systems 4, continue circulation and carry out thermal exchange with red Jiao.Blast furnace gas enters the dried stokehold of putting out and through interchanger boiler feed water is carried out preheating, and the blast furnace gas that loses in the process can be introduced by blast furnace gas pipeline network 7, because the blast furnace gas of most of steel industry is a byproduct, so cost is cheap a lot of than nitrogen.In some embodiments, blast furnace gas through with coke heat after go out, heat-exchange system, carry out to return the dried stove that puts out again after the heat exchange from the dried fire grate that puts out, be used for quenching once more, so circulation is repeatedly taken out the back, is used for coking.Because of the degree difference that after each quenching the calorific value of blast furnace gas is improved, so below the described cycle index preferred 5 times (being quenching number of times 6 times), at this moment, the calorific value of the blast furnace gas after the quenching can't further improve (relative saturation with regard to the circulation extinguishing technique) by quenching, is best for coking.Number of times is more, and the raising of quenching gas heating value is no longer included help, and number of times is more, though its calorific value has reached saturated, still keeps cryogenic state through after the heat exchange, still can be used for quenching.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of dry coke quenching method of the present invention, and wherein the gas after the quenching is used for coking discharge a part of heat energy in boiler systems after.Blast furnace gas from blast furnace gas pipeline network 7 at first is stored in the blast furnace gas hold-up vessel 13.Blast furnace gas is sent into dried red Jiao who puts out stove 1 back and inside by blower fan 6 from blast furnace gas hold-up vessel 13 and is carried out thermal exchange, discharge by dried air channel of putting out furnace interior, produce the generating of steam pushing turbine through entering boiler systems 4 behind the primary dust removing 3, the blast furnace gas after the cooling directly enters coke oven combustion gas distribution system 5 and carries out coking.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of dry coke quenching method of the present invention, and wherein the gas after the quenching is mainly used in direct coking.Blast furnace gas from blast furnace gas pipeline network 7 at first is stored in the blast furnace gas hold-up vessel 13.Blast furnace gas is sent into dried red Jiao who puts out stove 1 back and inside by blower fan 6 from blast furnace gas hold-up vessel 13 and is carried out thermal exchange, discharges by dried air channel of putting out furnace interior, through behind the primary dust removing 3, directly sends into coke oven combustion gas distribution system 5 and carries out coking.In certain embodiments, the blast furnace gas behind the primary dust removing 3 all is used for direct coking.In certain embodiments, the blast furnace gas behind the primary dust removing 3 with carry out coking after a part is mixed from the blast furnace gas of blast furnace gas pipeline network 7.
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of dry coke quenching method of the present invention, and wherein the gas after the quenching is used for integrated gasification combined cycle for power generation or is used for the combustion and steam combined cycle generation.Blast furnace gas from blast furnace gas pipeline network 7 at first is stored in the blast furnace gas hold-up vessel 13.Blast furnace gas is sent into dried red Jiao who puts out stove 1 back and inside by blower fan 6 from blast furnace gas hold-up vessel 13 and is carried out thermal exchange, discharge by dried air channel of putting out furnace interior, through being sent to integrated gasification combined cycle plants behind the primary dust removing 3 or combustion and steam combined cycle 4 is generated electricity.This embodiment can reclaim red burnt sensible heat to greatest extent and be used for generating, has solved residue blast furnace gas wasting phenomenon in the big-and-middle-sized steel industry.
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of dry coke quenching method of the present invention, and wherein the gas after the quenching is mainly used in and boiler systems 4 heat exchange., burn with high temperature blast furnace gas through primary dust removing 3 through after the heat exchange from the air of air pipe network 14 and the waste gas that comes out from boiler systems 4, the high-temperature gas after the burning and boiler systems 4 carry out heat exchange and produce steam to generate electricity.Waste gas after the heat exchange is directly discharged through exhaust pipe 15.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that under the condition of the spirit and scope that do not depart from embodiment disclosed by the invention, structure, material and method, may there be numerous modifications and variations in they.Therefore, the scope of claims and their function equivalent should not be subject to this paper and describe and the diagrammatic particular, because the attribute of these embodiments only is exemplary.
Claims (8)
1. a dry coke quenching method is characterised in that the low heating value gas that contains carbon monoxide that will produce in the Industrial processes is used as the gas of dry coke quenching, and described low heat value is meant that calorific value is at 10000kJ/Nm
3Below.
2. the dry coke quenching method of claim 1, the low heating value gas that contains carbon monoxide that produces in the wherein said Industrial processes are blast furnace gas, coal gas of converter or the air gas that produced by coal underground gasifying technology.
3. claim 1 or 2 dry coke quenching method wherein as going out from the dried fire grate that puts out after the gas of dry coke quenching and the coke heat, carry out returning the dried stove that puts out after the heat exchange in heat-exchange system, are used for quenching once more.
4. the dry coke quenching method of claim 3, the gas after the quenching once more wherein carries out returning the dried stove that puts out after the heat exchange and still is used for quenching in heat-exchange system, so circulate quenching gas to be taken out after 1-5 time, is used for coking.
5. claim 1 or 2 dry coke quenching method wherein as going out from the dried fire grate that puts out after the gas of dry coke quenching and the coke heat, carry out being used for coking after the heat exchange in heat-exchange system.
6. claim 1 or 2 dry coke quenching method wherein as going out from the dried fire grate that puts out after the gas of dry coke quenching and the coke heat, are used for coking.
7. claim 1 or 2 dry coke quenching method wherein as going out from the dried fire grate that puts out after the gas of dry coke quenching and the coke heat, are used for integrated gasification combined cycle plants or combustion and steam combined cycle generation.
8. claim 1 or 2 dry coke quenching method wherein as going out from the dried fire grate that puts out after the gas of dry coke quenching and the coke heat, enter heat-exchange system after burning with air.
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| CN102786962A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-11-21 | 山西星宇舟焦化工程设计有限公司 | Chemical quenching device, quenching medium and quenching process thereof |
| CN102816611A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-12-12 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Comprehensive and recycling utilization method of coal pyrolysis gases |
| CN104818033A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-05 | 成都高科达科技有限公司 | Method of low-pressure continuous gas making for dry quenching and device thereof |
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| US9963949B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2018-05-08 | Carbon Energy Limited | Sacrificial liner linkages for auto-shortening an injection pipe for underground coal gasification |
| CN102816611A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-12-12 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Comprehensive and recycling utilization method of coal pyrolysis gases |
| CN102786962B (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-12-31 | 张星原 | Chemical quenching device, and quenching process using the same |
| CN102786962A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-11-21 | 山西星宇舟焦化工程设计有限公司 | Chemical quenching device, quenching medium and quenching process thereof |
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Application publication date: 20110427 |