CN102021670B - Conductive core-sheath compound fibre and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Conductive core-sheath compound fibre and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102021670B CN102021670B CN 201010618385 CN201010618385A CN102021670B CN 102021670 B CN102021670 B CN 102021670B CN 201010618385 CN201010618385 CN 201010618385 CN 201010618385 A CN201010618385 A CN 201010618385A CN 102021670 B CN102021670 B CN 102021670B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a conductive core-sheath compound fibre and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a conductive core-sheath compound fibre of which the sheath layer component is metal or metal alloy and the core layer component is thermoplastic high polymer, and a preparation method thereof, wherein the weight ratio of the sheath layer component of the compound fibre to the core layer component is 10/90-30/70; and the metal of the sheath layer is selected from indium, tin, bismuth or cadmium. As the sheath layer of the compound fibre in the invention uses metal or metal alloy, the antistatic property, conductivity and radiation-proof property of the fibre can be greatly increased, and the fibre can be used in various industries with high antistatic and radiation-proof demands. The thermoplastic high polymer of the core layer of the compound fibre has good spinnability; and the metal or metal alloy of the sheath layer can maintain good antistatic property, conductivity and radiation-proof property for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber and manufacturing approach thereof, specifically, the component that relates to a kind of cortex is that metal or metal alloy, sandwich layer component are the conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber of thermoplastic polyester, and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with science and technology development, multiple industry is for electric conductivity, the antistatic behaviour of fabric or clothes, and electromagnetic wave shielding has had increasingly high requirement, for the manufacturing approach of conductive fiber various motions has been arranged also.The kind of conductive fiber is numerous, and it is that conductive fiber, carbon black are that conductive fiber, conducting polymer fiber type and metallic compound type conductive fiber are multiple that metal is arranged.The conductive fiber electric conductivity that these methods make satisfies the needs of productive life basically, but also inevitably has a lot of shortcomings.
For example metal is that conductive fiber mainly contains and adopts simple metal silk that repeatedly multiply drawing, cutting, the molten method of taking out make and metal is deposited in fiber surface with airless spraying or chemical electropaining method, makes fiber have the conductive fiber of the same electric conductivity of metal.Adopt repeatedly multiply drawing or cutting or the molten method of taking out, manufacturing cost wiry is high, the complex process energy consumption is higher, though fiber has good electric conductivity, the feel of fiber is poor, the obvolvent difficulty, and the blending of fiber can not homogenize.General wire and natural fabric or the synthetic fiber shuffling of adopting in application, for example utility model patent ZL200720033528, utility model patent ZL200720033522 etc. are to adopt flax cotton or synthetic fiber and tinsel shuffling to make.The conductive fiber that spraying process and sedimentation make then fastness is difficult to reach the requirement of subsequent production; The coating layer on surface comes off in weaving knitting process and operation thereafter; Perhaps coating layer dissolved removing easily when the dyeing processing of cloth and silk or refining treatment; For example patent of invention ZL200610032518 discloses a kind of preparation method of super fine light conductive fibre, on fiber, obtains good electrical conductivity through chemical plating metal; Patent application 92108939 provides a kind of the have fiber of electric conductivity and the compounding method of conductive fabric, through cleaned fiber and cloth are electroplated; Patent of invention ZL02159717 discloses kind of plant conductive fiber and preparation method thereof, with method covered with metal layer on string of electroless plating.Metal is that the electric conductivity of conductive fiber is best, and its volume resistivity can have only 10
-4~ 10
-5Ω cm.
Carbon black is that conductive fiber is to utilize the electric conductivity of carbon black to make conductive fiber, and doping type is arranged, and is about to carbon black and mixes the back spinning with becoming fine material, and carbon black becomes the continuous phase structure in fiber, give the fiber electric conductivity.Present most patent all is to make conductive fiber with these class methods; Earlier conductive compositions is scattered in vector resin and is a granulated into conductive agglomerate, then with making through composite spinning technology through composite spining module after conductive agglomerate and the fiber-forming polymer fusion through twin-screw.For example a kind of durable high performance composite conductive fibre has been invented in patent application 200710075982; Utilize compounding process that carbon black dispersion is a granulated into conductive agglomerate in vector resin through twin-screw earlier, then trilobal cross and the multi-layered type composite spinneret pack through particular design after conductive agglomerate and the fiber-forming polymer fusion made through the composite spinning processing technology; Patent application 200610023797, patent application 200510102574, patent ZL200410033773 and patent application 200410017918 disclose a kind of electrically conductive composite fibre of carbon nanotubes separately; A kind of composite conducting fiber that contains the carbon black conductive composition has been announced in patent ZL200410025182 and patent application 03115681 separately.
The coating carbon black is that conductive fiber is a carbon black on the general fibre surfaces coated.Coating process can adopt adhesive that carbon black is bonded in fiber surface, perhaps directly with fiber surface fast softening and bonding with carbon black.The shortcoming of this method is that carbon black comes off easily, and feel is also bad, and carbon black is difficult for evenly distributing at fiber surface.For example use novel patent application 200320104804, it is to prepare a kind of conductive fiber heating silk thread with coated with conductive property carbonizable substance liquid, is made up of at its surface-coated conductive carbon material layer fiber wires such as natural fabric silk thread or synthetic fiber silk threads; Patent application 200510013315 is exactly that the method that adopts coating liquid to apply produces conductive fiber, and the conductive component of its coating can be any in carbon black, metal, metal oxide or the intrinsic conduction high polymer; Patent ZL200510015491 has also announced a kind of conductive fiber that adopts painting method to make, and its coating liquid is a conductive polymer solution, any in aniline, pyrroles, the thiophene.
Also having more common conductive fiber is exactly conducting polymer fiber type and metallic compound type conductive fiber; The conducting polymer fiber type mainly contains direct fabrics and post treatment method, and for example patent application 01112803 is the conductive polymer subtype conductive fiber of direct fabrics manufacturing; Patent application 93116519 is exactly the conductive polymer subtype conductive fiber that adopts post-processing approach to make.The manufacturing approach of metallic compound type conductive fiber has blend spinning method, absorption method and chemical reaction method.White conductive fiber of a kind of metal conductive oxide admixture of powder spinning and preparation method thereof has been announced in patent application 200510041252; Patent application 200610039702 discloses a kind of current conducting composite fiber of polyester in two constituents of the electroconductive polymer resin by polyester and containing metal oxide; A kind of durable and conductive fibre that adopts absorption method to make has been announced in patent application 87104346, and making copper sulfide embed fibrous inside is to be deposited on the surface at least; Patent application 97118822 has announced that a kind of boiling dye the method that legal system is equipped with conductive fiber.
Summary of the invention
In order to satisfy the deficiency of prior art, the primary goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber, makes conductive fiber can satisfy needs antistatic, that conduct electricity, prevent shielding.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the manufacturing approach of conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber.
In order to realize the present invention's purpose, the technical scheme of employing is:
The present invention relates to a kind of conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber, the component of described composite fibre cortex is a metal or metal alloy, said for the sandwich layer component be thermoplastic polyester.
First preferred version of the present invention is: composite fibre of the present invention satisfies all following (a) ~ (g) condition:
(a) weight ratio of cortex component and sandwich layer component be 10/90 ~ 30/70,
(b) 1.5≤fiber number (dtex)≤20,
(c) 1.8≤fracture strength (cN/dtex)≤4.5,
(d) 10≤elongation at break (%)≤100,
(e) volume resistivity 1.0 * 10 of fiber
-5～1.0 * 10
3Ω cm,
(f) fiber surface lining rate >=90% of skin composition,
(g) shrinkage factor≤15% in 100 ℃ of hot water.
Second preferred version of the present invention is: the cortex component of composite fibre of the present invention and the weight ratio of sandwich layer component are 10:90 ~ 28:72, are preferably 12:88 ~ 20:80, more preferably 25:75～18:82.
The 3rd preferred version of the present invention is: the fusing point of the metal or metal alloy of composite fibre cortex component of the present invention is 150～450 ℃, preferred 150～350 ℃; The fusing point of the thermoplastic polyester of sandwich layer component is higher than the cortex component, and fusing point is 150～460 ℃, preferred 160 ~ 360 ℃.
The 4th preferred version of the present invention is: the metal or metal alloy of composite fibre of the present invention is low-melting-point metal or its metal alloy, and described thermoplastic polyester is for being easy to Fibrotic thermoplastic macromolecule resin.
The 4th preferred version of the present invention is: the metal of composite fibre of the present invention is selected from indium, tin, polonium, bismuth or cadmium; Metal alloy is selected from least two kinds of alloys that constituted in indium, tin, polonium, bismuth or the cadmium, or is selected from the alloy that indium, tin, polonium, bismuth or cadmium and other metals constitute; Described thermoplastic polyester is selected from least a among polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, nylon 6, nylon 66, PPS, the PEEK.Wherein, other metals are selected from lead, aluminium, silver or silicon.
The 5th preferred version of the present invention is: the cross section of composite fibre of the present invention is for circular or special-shaped.
The invention still further relates to the composite fibre preparation method, composite fibre of the present invention adopts compound extruding method, and preparation method's step comprises the preparation of preparation melt, and melt is compound, spray silk and back processing.
Composite fibre preparation method's of the present invention optimal technical scheme is:
(1) said metal or metal alloy is heated in screw rod or grate or crucible processes melt, said thermoplastic polyester is prepared into uniform melt through single screw extrusion machine;
(2) transfer pipeline of two kinds of melts that obtain in the step (1) through separately got into the compound assembly of extruding; Through runner independent allocation and the conveying separately of component internal melt, extrude from the micropore of extruding on the template in compound the meet compound back, component template exit of extruding; Extrude micropore for circular or special-shaped;
(3) form fibrous through the cooled region cooling back of a segment length the melt thread that micropore extrudes extruded on the template;
(4) fiber that step (3) is obtained is reeled with the speed of 1～800m/min, forms conjugate fiber package;
(5) the package composite fibre that step (4) is obtained is carrying out obtaining composite fibre after the nervous HEAT SETTING then 50～250 ℃ of drawing-offs of carrying out 1.1 ~ 5 times under 150～450 ℃.
Wherein, the length of cooled region is 80 ~ 200 centimetres in step (3), preferred 100 ~ 200 centimetres, and further preferred 120 ~ 200 centimetres.
Further specify in the face of technical scheme of the present invention down.
The present invention relates to a kind of conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber, the component of described composite fibre cortex is a metal or metal alloy, said for the sandwich layer component be thermoplastic polyester.
Preferably, composite fibre of the present invention satisfies all following (a) ~ (g) condition:
(a) weight ratio of cortex component and sandwich layer component be 10/90 ~ 30/70,
(b) 1.5≤fiber number (dtex)≤20,
(c) 1.8≤fracture strength (cN/dtex)≤4.5,
(d) 10≤elongation at break (%)≤100,
(e) volume resistivity 1.0 * 10 of fiber
-5～1.0 * 10
3Ω cm,
(f) fiber surface lining rate >=90% of skin composition,
(g) shrinkage factor≤15% in 100 ℃ of hot water.
The metal or metal alloy of cortex of the present invention is from the spinnability aspect of composite fibre, and the preferred compound ratio content of core-skin weight is 10:90 ~ 28:72, and more preferably 12:88～20:80 further is preferably 25:75～18:82.When the compound ratio of core-skin weight was lower than 10:90, in the fibre forming process, metal alloy was difficult to the evenly continuous core layer surface that is attached to, and does not reach good anti-static, conduction, radiation proof effect.On the other hand, when the compound ratio of core-skin weight was higher than 30:70, not only antistatic, anti-shielding properties did not further improve, because the content of metal or metal alloy increases, and the metal or metal alloy surface tension causes strand inhomogeneous greatly, spinnability reduces on the contrary; Also can cause woven difficulty in the back process, influence fabric feeling etc.
As the conductivity mechanism of metal (or metal alloy)/polymer composite fiber, think what the cortex metal or metal alloy caused.Therefore, the metal or metal alloy cortex coats more even closely, fiber antistatic, conductive effect is just more excellent, electromagnetic shielding action is good more.
Among the present invention; Because the physical property that metal alloy and high molecular polymer are not quite similar; The more conventional spinning of its mode of production is special; Use the following special method that melt extrudes to make metal alloy and high molecular polymer keep more consistent drawing-off state, linear structure is more continuous, and antistatic, shielding properties are more excellent.
1.5≤fiber number according to the invention (dtex)≤20.During filament number deficiency 1.5dtex, spinning workability is unstable, thereby not preferred; Then can not get the durability in the actual use greater than 20dtex.Be preferably the scope of 2.0 ~ 10dtex.
1.8≤fracture strength according to the invention (cN/dtex)≤4.5.When fracture strength is lower than 1.8cN/dtex, does not satisfy and take requirement; During greater than 4.5cN/dtex, the post processing meeting exerts an influence in the uniformity of fiber surface to the metal or metal alloy of cortex.Be preferably more than the 2.5cN/dtex, below the 4.5cN/dtex.
10≤elongation at break according to the invention (%)≤100.Elongation at break is less than 10%, is difficult to satisfy the production requirement of following process such as spinning; Greater than 100% o'clock, the style that is made into fabric can be affected, and limits its Application Areas.Be preferably 20≤elongation at break (%)≤50.
Wherein, The metal of composite fibre of the present invention is selected from the metal or metal alloy of fusing point about 150～450 ℃; The preferred indium of metal, tin, polonium, bismuth or cadmium; At least two kinds of alloys that constituted in the preferred indium of metal alloy, tin, polonium, bismuth or the cadmium, or be selected from the alloy that indium, tin, polonium, bismuth or cadmium and other metals constitute, other metals are selected from lead, aluminium, silver or silicon.
Further preferred, when metal alloy was made up of indium, tin, polonium, bismuth or cadmium and other metals, the mass percentage content of indium, tin, polonium, bismuth was 70～90%, and is preferred 75～85%, more preferably 78%～83%.
Described thermoplastic polyester is selected from least a among polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, nylon 6, nylon 66, PPS, the PEEK.Wherein, optimal ethylene, polypropylene, PET polyester etc.
In order to realize another object of the present invention; The invention provides the manufacturing approach of composite fibre according to the invention, adopt compound extruding method, comprise the melt preparation; Compound extruding and back processing has circle on the described compound lower bolster of extruding assembly or abnormity is extruded micropore.
Abnormity is extruded the cross sectional shape of the composite fibre that the shape of micropore can prepare as required and is confirmed that wherein, the shape of fiber of the present invention is shown in accompanying drawing 1～8.
Metal or metal alloy of the present invention is through crucible or screw extruder heating and melting, and wherein, melt temperature is that melting temperature adds 20 ℃ again; Thermoplastic polyester is through single screw extrusion machine, and wherein, melt temperature is that melting temperature adds 20 ℃ again; Become even melt behind the heating and melting, two components are through the compound assembly of extruding of inflow such as fluid line, measuring pump separately then.
Metal or metal alloy melt of the present invention, thermoplastic polyester melt are extruded distribution and compound then the extruding from the compound lower bolster micropore of extruding assembly that assembly carries out melt through specific complex, form the compounding flux thread.The micropore of extruding that specific complex is extruded on the assembly is circular or special-shaped micropore.
Described compound extrusion die; Comprise cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster, cope match-plate pattern is sheathed in the lower bolster through reference column, forms between reference column and the lower bolster and extrudes micropore; First medium runner in the reference column is in communication with the outside through capillary; Saidly extrude micropore outlet and flush with the extracapillary port, said first medium runner, one end is in communication with the outside through capillary, and the other end enters the mouth with first medium runner and is communicated with; Lower bolster comprises second medium runner, and second medium runner is in communication with the outside through extruding micropore.
Has circle on the lower bolster of described compound extrusion die or abnormity is extruded micropore.
The abnormity is here extruded the cross sectional shape of the compound wire that the shape of micropore can prepare as required and is confirmed.
Thermoplastic polyester fused solution of the present invention is that the raw material thermoplastic polyester is passed through single screw extrusion machine with its fusion; Described metal or metal alloy fused solution is to utilize heating crucible with the metal or metal alloy fusion.Each thermal treatment zone of screw rod, fluid line, measuring pump equitemperature satisfy the melt temperature requirement of thermoplastic polyester fused solution, metal or metal alloy fused solution respectively.
To by extruding melt thread that micropore extrudes cooled region, impose finish through one section 80 ~ 200cm length.The temperature of the cooling air of cooled region is about 20～30 ℃, is preferably 25 ~ 28 ℃; Humidity is about 20～60%, is preferably 30 ~ 45%; The cold air blast velocity of cooling air is about 0.4～1m/s, is preferably 0.5 ~ 0.8m/s; After supercooling, compounding flux thread solidified forming can obtain that fiber number is even, the uniform high quality fiber of performance.
Composite fibre winding speed of the present invention is 1～800m/min, preferred 300～800m/min.Because there are very big difference in metal or metal alloy and thermoplastic polyester physical property, need to adopt comparatively low spinning speed.If adopt the speed greater than 800m/min, it is irregular to be prone to cause cortex to coat, and overall performance descends.
Gained coiling fiber needs under 50～250 ℃, to carry out 1.1～5 times of drawing-offs among the present invention, under 150～450 ℃, carries out HEAT SETTING then, thereby makes the fracture strength of composite fibre, elongation at break satisfy production requirement.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Because the metal or metal alloy of fibrocortex of the present invention improves fiber antistatic behaviour, electric conductivity, shielding property greatly, can be applied in the industry of various high-antistatic property, anti-radiation requirement.
The thermoplastic polyester of sandwich layer has better spinnability and cortex metal and metal alloy thereof and keeps good antistatic, electric conductivity, anti-radiation; And durable for a long time, still have the property retention rate more than 90% through 15 washings, volume resistivity still can remain on 0.9 * 10
-5～0.9 * 10
3Ω cm.
Because adopt skin-core structure, the cost of fiber of the present invention is reduced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross sectional representation of the composite fibre of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the cross sectional representation of the composite fibre of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 3 is the different in nature cross sectional representation of composite fibre of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the different in nature cross sectional representation of composite fibre of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the different in nature cross sectional representation of composite fibre of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the different in nature cross sectional representation of composite fibre of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the different in nature cross sectional representation of composite fibre of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the different in nature cross sectional representation of composite fibre of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of compound extrusion die of the present invention;
Wherein: 1. cope match-plate pattern; 2. lower bolster; 3. stem stem; 4. location structure shoulder; 5. capillary; 6. first medium runner; 7. second medium runner enters the mouth; 8. location structure; 9. second medium runner; 10. extrude micropore.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
The sandwich layer of present embodiment is a polyethylene terephtalate, and cortex is a tin bismuth metal alloy, tin: the weight ratio of bismuth is 70:30.
(a) weight ratio of cortex component and sandwich layer component be 13:87,
(b) 1.5≤fiber number (dtex)≤20,
(c) 1.8≤fracture strength (cN/dtex)≤4.5,
(d) 10≤elongation at break (%)≤100,
(e) volume resistivity 1.0 * 10 of fiber
-5～1.0 * 10
3Ω cm,
(f) fiber surface lining rate >=90% of skin composition,
(g) shrinkage factor≤15% in 100 ℃ of hot water.
The cross sectional shape of fiber is as shown in Figure 1.
The manufacturing approach of present embodiment adopts compound extruding method.Raw material according to above-mentioned core-skin component is processed into melt through electric furnace and screw extruder respectively, and wherein, the melt temperature of cortical material is: 149 ~ 186 ℃, the melt temperature of core material is: 270 ~ 290 ℃.Be transported to the same compound assembly of extruding through separately melt pipeline again, and before getting into extrusion die, do not contact mutually, wherein, extrude the circle that is shaped as of micropore by way of separately melt flow channel.
The melt of core component flows into the lower bolster guide hole from the centre pipe duct of distribution pin; The skin component is advanced people's guide hole through the slit cross flow of distribution pin lower end; Two components are in contact with one another herein, and the skin component is accomplished the encirclement to core component here, and finally form the cross section of present embodiment.Temperature through cooling air is about 20 ℃, and humidity is about 20%, and cold air blast velocity is about 0.6m/s, imposes polyester oiling agent, reels with the speed of 800m/min.Through 70 ℃ of hot-rollings, to carry out drawing-off and handle, draw ratio is 3, through 130 ℃ of hot-rollings, carries out nervous HEAT SETTING, reels, and promptly obtains composite fibre, volume resistivity is 1.0 * 10
-5～10 Ω cm, through 15 washings, volume resistivity still can remain on 0.9 * 10
-5～9 Ω cm.
Embodiment 2
The sandwich layer of present embodiment is PPS, and cortex is the bismuth metal.
(a) weight ratio of cortex component and sandwich layer component be 18:82,
(b) 1.5≤fiber number (dtex)≤20,
(c) 1.8≤fracture strength (cN/dtex)≤4.5,
(d) 10≤elongation at break (%)≤100,
(e) volume resistivity 1.0 * 10 of fiber
-5～1.0 * 10
3Ω cm,
(f) fiber surface lining rate >=90% of skin composition,
(g) shrinkage factor≤15% in 100 ℃ of hot water.
The cross sectional shape of fiber is as shown in Figure 2.
The manufacturing approach of present embodiment adopts compound extruding method.Raw material according to above-mentioned core-skin component is processed into melt through electric furnace and screw extruder respectively, and wherein, the melt temperature of cortical material is: 270 ~ 290 ℃, the melt temperature of core material is: 330 ~ 350 ℃.Be transported to the same compound assembly of extruding through separately melt pipeline again, and before getting into extrusion die, do not contact mutually, wherein, extrude the trilobal that is shaped as of micropore by way of separately melt flow channel.
The melt of core component flows into the lower bolster guide hole from the centre pipe duct of distribution pin; The skin component is advanced people's guide hole through the slit cross flow of distribution pin lower end; Two components are in contact with one another herein, and the skin component is accomplished the encirclement to core component here, and finally form the cross section of present embodiment.Temperature through cooling air is about 20 ℃, and humidity is about 20%, and cold air blast velocity is that it is oil solution dedicated to impose PPS about 0.6m/s, reels with the speed of 800m/min.Through 70 ℃ of hot-rollings, to carry out drawing-off and handle, draw ratio is 3, through 130 ℃ of hot-rollings, carries out nervous HEAT SETTING, reels, and promptly obtains composite fibre.Volume resistivity is 1.0 * 10
-5～10 Ω cm, through 15 washings, volume resistivity still can remain on 0.9 * 10
-5～9 Ω cm.
Embodiment 3
The sandwich layer of present embodiment is a nylon 66, and cortex is a tin metal.
(a) weight ratio of cortex component and sandwich layer component be 25:75,
(b) 1.5≤fiber number (dtex)≤20,
(c) 1.8≤fracture strength (cN/dtex)≤4.5,
(d) 10≤elongation at break (%)≤100,
(e) volume resistivity 1.0 * 10 of fiber
5～1.0 * 10
3Ω cm,
(f) fiber surface lining rate >=90% of skin composition,
(g) shrinkage factor≤15% in 100 ℃ of hot water.
The cross sectional shape of fiber is as shown in Figure 1.
The manufacturing approach of present embodiment adopts compound extruding method.Raw material according to above-mentioned core-skin component is processed into melt through electric furnace and screw extruder respectively, and wherein, the melt temperature of cortical material is 230 ~ 250 ℃, and the melt temperature of core material is 280 ~ 320 ℃.Be transported to the same compound assembly of extruding through separately melt pipeline again, and before getting into extrusion die, do not contact mutually, wherein, extrude the circle that is shaped as of micropore by way of separately melt flow channel.
The melt of core component flows into the lower bolster guide hole from the centre pipe duct of distribution pin; The skin component is advanced people's guide hole through the slit cross flow of distribution pin lower end; Two components are in contact with one another herein, and the skin component is accomplished the encirclement to core component here, and finally form the cross section of present embodiment.Temperature through cooling air is about 20 ℃, and humidity is about 20%, and cold air blast velocity is about 0.6m/s, imposes the nylon spinning oil, reels with the speed of 800m/min.Through 70 ℃ of hot-rollings, to carry out drawing-off and handle, draw ratio is 3, through 130 ℃ of hot-rollings, carries out nervous HEAT SETTING, reels, and promptly obtains composite fibre.Volume resistivity is 1.0 * 10
-5～10 Ω cm, through 15 washings, volume resistivity still can remain on 0.9 * 10
-5～9 Ω cm.
Embodiment 4
The sandwich layer of present embodiment is a polyethylene terephtalate, and cortex is a tin silver metal alloy, tin: the weight ratio of silver is 99:1.
(a) weight ratio of cortex component and sandwich layer component be 20:80,
(b) 1.5≤fiber number (dtex)≤20,
(c) 1.8≤fracture strength (cN/dtex)≤4.5,
(d) 10≤elongation at break (%)≤100,
(e) volume resistivity 1.0 * 10 of fiber
-5～1.0 * 10
3Ω cm,
(f) fiber surface lining rate >=90% of skin composition,
(g) shrinkage factor≤15% in 100 ℃ of hot water.
The cross sectional shape of fiber is as shown in Figure 1.
The manufacturing approach of present embodiment adopts compound extruding method.Raw material according to above-mentioned core-skin component is processed into melt through electric furnace and screw extruder respectively, and wherein, the melt temperature of cortical material is 217 ~ 223 ℃, and the melt temperature of core material is 280 ~ 320 ℃.Be transported to the same compound assembly of extruding through separately melt pipeline again, and before getting into extrusion die, do not contact mutually, wherein, extrude the circle that is shaped as of micropore by way of separately melt flow channel.
The melt of core component flows into the lower bolster guide hole from the centre pipe duct of distribution pin; The skin component is advanced people's guide hole through the slit cross flow of distribution pin lower end; Two components are in contact with one another herein, and the skin component is accomplished the encirclement to core component here, and finally form the cross section of present embodiment.Temperature through cooling air is about 20 ℃, and humidity is about 20%, and cold air blast velocity is about 0.6m/s, imposes polyester oiling agent, reels with the speed of 800m/min.Through 70 ℃ of hot-rollings, to carry out drawing-off and handle, draw ratio is 3, through 130 ℃ of hot-rollings, carries out nervous HEAT SETTING, reels, and promptly obtains composite fibre.Volume resistivity is 1.0 * 10
-5～10 Ω cm, through 15 washings, volume resistivity still can remain on 0.9 * 10
-5～9 Ω cm.
Claims (19)
1. conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber, said conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber comprises cortex and sandwich layer, it is characterized in that, and the component of said cortex is a metal or metal alloy, and the component of said sandwich layer is a thermoplastic polyester; Described composite fibre satisfies all following (a) ~ (g) condition,
(a) weight ratio of cortex component and sandwich layer component be 10/90 ~ 30/70,
(b) 1.5dtex≤fiber number≤20dtex,
(c) 1.8cN/dtex≤fracture strength≤4.5cN/dtex,
(d) 10%≤elongation at break≤100%,
(e) volume resistivity 1.0 * 10 of fiber
-5～1.0 * 10
3Ω cm,
(f) fiber surface lining rate >=90% of skin composition,
(g) shrinkage factor≤15% in 100 ℃ of hot water.
2. conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described cortex component and sandwich layer component is 10:90～28:72.
3. conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described cortex component and sandwich layer component is 12:88～20:80.
4. conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described cortex component and sandwich layer component is 25:75～18:82.
5. conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The metal or metal alloy of described composite fibre cortex component is low-melting-point metal or its metal alloy, and the thermoplastic polyester of said sandwich layer component is for being easy to Fibrotic thermoplastic macromolecule resin.
6. conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the fusing point of the metal or metal alloy of described composite fibre cortex component is 150～450 ℃; The fusing point of the thermoplastic polyester of sandwich layer component is higher than cortex component fusing point, and fusing point is 150～460 ℃.
7. conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the fusing point of the metal or metal alloy of described composite fibre cortex component is 150～350 ℃.
8. conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber according to claim 6 is characterized in that, fusing point is 160 ~ 360 ℃.
9. conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber according to claim 5; It is characterized in that; Said metal is selected from indium, tin, polonium, bismuth or cadmium; Described metal alloy is selected from least two kinds of alloys that constituted in indium, tin, polonium, bismuth or the cadmium, or is selected from the alloy that indium, tin, polonium, bismuth or cadmium and other metals constitute; Described thermoplastic polyester is selected from least a among polypropylene, polyester, nylon 6, nylon 66, PPS, the PEEK.
10. conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the cross section of described composite fibre is circular or special-shaped.
11. the preparation method of the described conductive sheath-core conjugate fiber of claim 1 is characterized in that, adopts compound extruding method, said preparation method's step to comprise the preparation of preparation melt, melt is compound, spray silk and back processing.
12. manufacturing approach according to claim 11 is characterized in that, said preparation method's step is:
(1) said metal or metal alloy is heated in screw rod or grate or crucible processes melt, said thermoplastic polyester is prepared into uniform melt through single screw extrusion machine;
(2) transfer pipeline of two kinds of melts that obtain in the step (1) through separately got into the compound assembly of extruding; Through runner independent allocation and the conveying separately of component internal melt, extrude from the micropore of extruding on the template in compound the meet compound back, component template exit of extruding; Extrude micropore for circular or special-shaped;
(3) form fibrous through the cooled region cooling back of a segment length the melt thread that micropore extrudes extruded on the template;
(4) fiber that step (3) is obtained is reeled with the speed of 1～800m/min, forms conjugate fiber package;
(5) the package composite fibre that step (4) is obtained is carrying out obtaining composite fibre after the nervous HEAT SETTING then 50～250 ℃ of drawing-offs of carrying out 1.1 ~ 5 times under 150～450 ℃.
13. manufacturing approach according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the length of cooled region is 80 ~ 200 centimetres in step (3).
14. manufacturing approach according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the length of cooled region is 100 ~ 200 centimetres in step (3).
15. manufacturing approach according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the length of cooled region is 120 ~ 200 centimetres in step (3).
16. manufacturing approach according to claim 11 is characterized in that, is 20～30 ℃ in the temperature of the cooling air of step (3) cooled region; Humidity is 20～60%; The cold air blast velocity of cooling air is 0.4～1m/s.
17. manufacturing approach according to claim 16 is characterized in that, is 25 ~ 28 ℃ in the temperature of the cooling air of step (3) cooled region.
18. manufacturing approach according to claim 16 is characterized in that, is 30 ~ 45% in the humidity of the cooling air of step (3) cooled region.
19. manufacturing approach according to claim 16 is characterized in that, is 0.5 ~ 0.8m/s at the cold air blast velocity of the cooling air of step (3) cooled region.
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| CN102560706A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-11 | 瑞安市瑞邦针纺科技有限公司 | Preparation method of low-melting-point hot-melting tynex |
| CN104552970B (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2018-11-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of polymer composite fibrous preparation method and its preparation containing ultrafine metal fibers it is polymer composite fibrous |
| CN107354533B (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2022-07-01 | 厦门翔鹭化纤股份有限公司 | Conductive polyester fiber |
| CN107354534B (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2022-08-23 | 厦门翔鹭化纤股份有限公司 | Preparation method of conductive polyester fiber |
| CN110184703A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-30 | 深圳市辉翰科技发展有限公司 | A kind of hydrophobic conductive metallic fiber and preparation method thereof containing rotation winding-structure |
| CN113832556A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-24 | 李霄 | Production process of super-soft and tough polyester semi-dull POY (polyester pre-oriented yarn) fiber |
| CN114045566A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-15 | 常隆塑胶科技(苏州)有限公司 | Composite conductive fiber and composite process method thereof |
| CN115305598B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2023-06-27 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Core-shell structure shielding material and preparation method thereof |
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