CN102021269A - First furnace smelting method for new electric arc furnace - Google Patents
First furnace smelting method for new electric arc furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102021269A CN102021269A CN2010105591404A CN201010559140A CN102021269A CN 102021269 A CN102021269 A CN 102021269A CN 2010105591404 A CN2010105591404 A CN 2010105591404A CN 201010559140 A CN201010559140 A CN 201010559140A CN 102021269 A CN102021269 A CN 102021269A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, relates to a first furnace smelting method of a new furnace for electric arc furnace steelmaking, and aims to provide a smelting method which can guarantee the sintering quality of a refractory material and the metallurgical quality of first furnace steel. The method comprises the following steps of: A, preparing materials, namely adding pig iron into a waste steel material, wherein the amount of the added pig iron is 25 to 30 percent of the total weight of the furnace charge, and the amount of added carbon is 1.2 to 1.4 percent of the total weight of the furnace charge; B, loading 60 to 70 percent of the total weight of the furnace charge at the first time, supplying 577 to 592V power after the first loading, supplying 637 to 671V power and 671 to 691V power in turn after arcing is stabilized, and starting an oxygen burner to contribute to smelting when the supplied power reaches 2 to 4MW.h; C, powering off for 15 to 25 minutes before second loading, wherein the second charge is the remaining furnace charge, supplying 577 to 592V power, supplying 637 to 671V power and 671 to 691V power in turn after the arcing is stabilized, and starting the oxygen burner to contribute to smelting after charging; D, after the furnace charge is smelted, powering off for 15 to 25 minutes after the temperature of a weld pool reaches 1,540 to 1,560 DEG C; and E, smelting according to the conventional process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, relate to the new stove first stove smelting process of electric furnace.
Background technology
The new stove first stove smelting technology of electric arc furnace (custom claims electric furnace) is vital, and it directly influences the sintering quality of electric furnace liner ramming mass and the work-ing life of refractory materials.
At present, electric arc furnace first stove is approximately 4～5 hours tap to tap time, for guaranteeing the good sintering of furnace lining ramming mass and refractory materials (hereinafter to be referred as anti-material), after steel scrap advanced stove, the back formed certain molten bath elder generation's baker for some time " to wear well " with electrode, utilizes high-temperature molten steel that the moisture in the anti-material is fully overflowed, simultaneously also with refractory materials sintering gradually, in order to make this process carry out more fully, the energising temperature-rise period is slowly, and has a mind to prolong its tap to tap time.As " refractory materials " magazine (the 05th phase of calendar year 2001, the P307 page or leaf) peace steel 100t vertical electric furnace adopts magnesian ramming mass, first stove is smelted the power supply system that adopts low-grade location voltage, this system is after heating for some time forms a certain amount of molten bath, power failure baker 90min, yet furnace drying time is oversize, is unfavorable for energy-conservation.
Because the anti-material that the new furnace lining of electric furnace adopts is original, the moisture content height, when first stove was smelted, molten steel was with air-breathing, and therefore, the steel that new stove first stove of electric furnace is smelted does not use as certified products usually as the raw steel of smelting other senior steel grade.
The contriver attempted adopting the method that is rapidly heated when new stove first stove of electric furnace is smelted in the past, improved bath temperature, made bath temperature reach 1600～1660 ℃, finished the sintering process of furnace lining.Yet by contrast, lining life average out to 305 stoves of electric furnace, furnace life is on the low side.The molten steel of electrosmelting is without the LF+ vacuum-treat, and [H] in the steel is 5～7 * 10
-6(mass percent) higherly do not use as certified products.
To sum up, when new stove first stove of electric furnace was smelted, because of the baker of long period, and one heat steel was restricting the energy-saving and cost-reducing and cost control of electrosmelting industry as the certified products use.Metallurgical quality for the sintering quality of guaranteeing anti-material and new furnace lining one heat steel, can shorten the tap to tap time of first stove again, reach save energy, improve electric furnace production efficiency, the purpose that reduces production costs, this area are badly in need of improving the existing smelting process of new stove first stove of electric furnace.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention provides and a kind ofly can guarantee the sintering quality of refractory materials and the metallurgical quality of one heat steel, can shorten the tap to tap time of one heat steel again, the smelting process of new stove first stove of electric furnace that reach saves energy, improve lining life, raising electric furnace production efficiency is new.
For solving the technology of the present invention problem, realize by following steps:
A, batching: with addition of the pig iron, pig iron addition is 25～30% of a furnace charge gross weight, mixed carbon comtent 1.2～1.4% in the steel scrap;
60～70% chargings of furnace charge gross weight are pressed in B, charging for the first time; After the charging, adopt the 577-592V power supply for the first time, after the starting the arc is stable, adopt 637-671V, 671-691V power supply successively, when power supply reaches 2～4MWh (preferred 2MWh), open the oxygen burner and flux;
C, the 15～25min that before charging for the second time, has a power failure, charging for the second time is the residue furnace charge; Adopt the 577-592V power supply, after the starting the arc is stable, adopt 637-671V, 671-691V power supply successively, the charging back is opened the oxygen burner and is fluxed;
D, treat that furnace charge fusing finishes, after bath temperature reached 1540～1560 ℃, 15～25min had a power failure;
E, technology smelting routinely then.
Tapping back molten steel is through the LF+ vacuum refinement, the continuous casting steel billet that gets product.
The inventive method has been utilized following principle: the anti-material of furnace lining is under the situation that has iron liquid to exist, and the temperature that liquid phase occurs is approximately 1100 ℃, and ramming mass contains a spot of SiO usually
2And Al
2O
3Therefore the temperature that liquid phase occurs is also lower than 1100 ℃, under the electric furnace operating condition, ramming mass liquid phase occurs from 1100 ℃ of parts, and material begins sintering, along with the rising of temperature in the stove, liquid phase increases gradually, the continuous sintering curing of the working face of anti-material is finished substantially to 1500 ℃ of left and right sides sintering, forms fine and close sintered layer.
The inventive method that the inventive method has been utilized above-mentioned principle design:
When (1) preparing burden: with addition of the mode of the pig iron, be 25～30% of furnace charge gross weight in the employing steel scrap with addition of pig iron ratio, mixed carbon comtent 1.2～1.4%, oxygen decarburization when helping smelting degass, removes to be mingled with cleaning molten steel.
(2) for the ease of the steam discharge and the low-temperature sintering thereof of anti-material, as (before the 15-25min that probably feeding for the second time) after the fusing for some time of charging for the first time, power failure can fully be discharged steam, prevents the later stage too fast damage furnace lining that heats up.
(3) finish substantially owing to the anti-material to 1500 of a furnace lining ℃ left and right sides sintering, form fine and close sintered layer, therefore, the furnace charge fusing finishes, and after bath temperature reaches 1540～1560 ℃, has a power failure 15～25 minutes, be convenient to the sintering of anti-material, strengthen oxygen blast behind the sintering of anti-the material again, guarantee decarburized amount, can fully remove gas in the steel, be mingled with, guarantee the metallurgical quality of steel greater than 0.6%.
(4) according to after the tapping of the inventive method electrosmelting, can continue to adopt LF+ vacuum refinement, continuous casting to make the finished product steel billet.
The beneficial effect of the inventive method is: shorten the tap to tap time of the new stove of electric furnace, the anti-material life-span of electric furnace liner improves greatly, and first stove can produce qualified steel billet again, has obtained metallurgical effect preferably.Concrete advantage is as follows:
(1) shortens the heat:, form fine and close sintered layer because electric furnace furnace bottom ramming mass is finished substantially at 1500 ℃ of left and right sides sintering.Therefore, when electric furnace first stove is smelted, after the furnace charge fusing finishes, after bath temperature reaches 1540～1560 ℃, had a power failure 15～25 minutes.Utilize this best temperature to carry out lining sintering, can make lining sintering carry out more fully, thereby shorten sintering time.The electrosmelting time was controlled at about 2.5 hours, shortened 2-2.5 hour more in the past.If power off time is long, the interior temperature of stove reduces too fast, and lining sintering is not had effect.
(2) quality of raising steel: electric furnace first stove is smelted, in the furnace charge with addition of the pig iron, mixed carbon comtent 1.2～1.4%, early stage is power failure steam discharge during low temperature relatively, by the time bath temperature is more than 1560 ℃, after lining sintering was good, just oxygen decarburization degassed, goes to be mingled with, and molten steel is through the LF+ vacuum-treat simultaneously, further cleaning molten steel, can smelt into qualified steel, satisfy the high requirement of user, improve the efficient of electric furnace quality product.
(3) guarantee the sintering quality of refractory materials, improve furnace lining work-ing life: the resistant material of electric furnace sintering effect is good, adopts before the inventive method, and lining life on average has only 462 stoves, adopt the inventive method after, lining life on average reaches 625 stoves.
(4) save cost: the inventive method, it is capable of reducing energy consumption to shorten the heat; And the prolongation in the raising of resistant material of electric furnace sintering quality and furnace lining work-ing life can reduce maintenance cost; The raising of the metallurgical quality of steel, one heat steel can be used as Finished Steel and use, and melt down without secondary, reduce energy consumption.
Embodiment
Below by specific description of embodiments of the present invention the explanation but do not limit the present invention.
Specify:
1, the steel scrap used of smelting process of the present invention attach most importance to useless, in useless, furnace charge level steel scrap etc., as broken material, packing piece, scrap stock etc., the melting that meets among the Chinese iron and steel scrap standard GB 4223-2004 gets final product with the application standard of steel scrap.
2,4 grades of corresponding 592V of the power-supply unit that the contriver adopted, 8 grades of corresponding 655V, 10 grades of corresponding 691V.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt present method to produce the new stove of electric furnace one heat steel at 70 tons of high resistance electric furnaces of certain company, steel grade B, its step:
(1) batching: with addition of the pig iron, pig iron ratio is a furnace charge gross weight 26% in the steel scrap, and all the other are steel scrap.The first basket material is by 62% control of total Intake Quantity;
(2) after the charging for the first time, adopt the energising of 4 gear voltages (592V), after the starting the arc is stable, adopt 8 gear 655V, 10 gear 691V power supply successively, when power supply reaches 2MWh, open the oxygen burner and flux;
(3) behind the power failure 18min, carry out the charging second time again before charging for the second time, promptly total amount remaining 38%.Adopt 4 gear voltage 592V energising, after the starting the arc is stable, adopt 8 gear voltage 655V, 10 gear voltage 691V power supply successively, the charging back is opened the oxygen burner and is fluxed, and treats that the furnace charge fusing finishes, after bath temperature reaches 1545 ℃, have a power failure after 18 minutes, can smelt by normal process;
(4) after electric furnace was come out of the stove, molten steel was through the LF+ vacuum-treat, and [H] in the steel is 1.2 * 10
-6, be cast into qualified continuously cast bloom, 1 grade of strand low power grading.
Current electric furnace furnace life 635 stove.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt present method to produce the new stove of electric furnace one heat steel at 70 tons of high resistance electric furnaces of certain company, steel grade 20, its step:
(1) batching: with addition of the pig iron, pig iron ratio is 28% of a furnace charge gross weight in the steel scrap, and all the other are steel scrap.The first basket material is by 65% control of total Intake Quantity;
(2) after the charging for the first time, adopt the energising of 4 gear voltages (592V), after the starting the arc is stable, adopt 8 gear voltage 655V, 10 gear voltage 691V power supply successively, when power supply reaches 4MWh, open the oxygen burner and flux;
(3) before charging for the second time, behind the power failure 20min, carry out the charging second time again, i.e. surplus: 35% of total amount.Adopt the energising of 4 gear voltage 592V gear voltages, after the starting the arc is stable, adopt 8 gear voltage 655V, 10 gear voltage 691V power supply successively, the charging back is opened the oxygen burner and is fluxed, and treats that the furnace charge fusing finishes, after bath temperature reaches 1560 ℃, have a power failure after 20 minutes, can smelt by normal process;
(4) after electric furnace was come out of the stove, molten steel was through the LF+ vacuum-treat, and [H] in the steel is 1.2 * 10
-6, be cast into qualified continuously cast bloom, 1 grade of strand low power grading.
Current electric furnace furnace life 640 stove.
Embodiment 3:
Adopt present method to produce the new stove of electric furnace one heat steel at 70 tons of high resistance electric furnaces of certain company, steel grade B, its step:
(1) batching: with addition of the pig iron, pig iron ratio is 30% of a furnace charge gross weight in the steel scrap, and all the other are steel scrap.The first basket material is by 68% control of total Intake Quantity;
(2) after the charging for the first time, adopt the energising of 4 gear voltages (592V), after the starting the arc is stable, adopt 8 gear voltage 655V, 10 gear voltage 691V power supply successively, when power supply reaches 3MWh, open the oxygen burner and flux;
(3) before charging for the second time, behind the power failure 22min, carry out the charging second time again, i.e. surplus: 32% of total amount.Adopt the energising of 4 gear 592V voltages, after the starting the arc is stable, adopt 8 gear 655V, 10 gear 691V power supply successively, the charging back is opened the oxygen burner and is fluxed, and treats that the furnace charge fusing finishes, and after bath temperature reaches 1550 ℃, has a power failure after 22 minutes, can smelt by normal process;
(4) after electric furnace was come out of the stove, molten steel was through the LF+ vacuum-treat, and [H] in the steel is 1.5 * 10
-6, be cast into qualified continuously cast bloom, 1 grade of strand low power grading.
Current electric furnace furnace life 657 stove.
The scheme and the effect comparison of smelting process that the contriver once adopted (being called for short existing method) and smelting process of the present invention:
1, batching: existing method adopts steel scrap, mixed carbon comtent 0.2-0.5%; Smelting process of the present invention adopts steel scrap with addition of the pig iron, and mixed carbon comtent 1.2-1.4% is far above the mixed carbon comtent of existing method.Adopt higher mixed carbon comtent in the inventive method, smelt the phase decarburization and can remove gas in the steel, be mingled with, purify steel.
2, when filling with substance, existing method also are to adopt twice charging, but the first charging 50-60%; 40-50% feeds for the second time.60-70% feeds for the first time in the inventive method; 30-40% feeds for the second time.The smelting process of the present invention ratio height of feeding for the first time, available furnace charge is protected furnace lining, avoids the arc radiation furnace lining, the damage furnace lining.
When 3, existing method adopts low voltage power supply to be warming up to 600～800 ℃, sintered lining 20～40min, when continuing to be warming up to 1100～1200 ℃, secondary charging behind sintered lining 20～40min.Smelting process of the present invention is feeded for the first time and is carried out the secondary charging again after fusing forms the 15～25min that has a power failure behind the molten bath, can avoid power off time long, and it is too fast that charging for the second time makes in the stove temperature reduce, and does not reach the sintering effect of furnace lining.
4, the existing method in charging back is identical with smelting process of the present invention for the first time, all is to adopt the energising of low-grade location (4 gear) voltage earlier, and after upgrading successively, the oxygen burner is fluxed, so as the furnace lining steam discharge, lining sintering.
5, after the charging for the second time, existing method and smelting process of the present invention all adopt the energising of low-grade location (4 gear) voltage earlier, and after upgrading successively, the oxygen burner is fluxed.But existing method is to treat that the furnace charge fusing finishes, and after bath temperature was rapidly heated and reaches 1600～1660 ℃, 20～40min had a power failure.Tapping again heats up; Smelting process of the present invention is to treat that the furnace charge fusing finishes, after bath temperature reaches 1540～1560 ℃, 15～25min has a power failure, so handle be because of new furnace lining about 1500 ℃, sintering is finished substantially, consider the problem of thermograde in the stove, bath temperature is suitably brought up to 1540～1560 ℃, finishes the sintering of new furnace lining.
6, [H] is 5～7 * 10 in the existing method tapping gained steel
-6(mass percent), higher as the Finished Steel use, direct pouring becomes steel ingot to make raw steel; And the steel that smelting process electric furnace of the present invention is refined, 1640～1660 ℃ of electric furnace tapping temperatures, tapping is after the LF+ vacuum refinement, and [H] is low in the steel, the continuous casting steel billet that gets product.
6, existing method is about 4.5-5 tap to tap time hour, and be about 2.5 hours tap to tap time of the present invention, can shorten the heat 2-2.5 hour.
To sum up, the inventive method is used for the method that new stove first stove of electric furnace is smelted, simple, feasibility is strong, can guarantee the sintering quality of refractory materials and the quality of the first stove smelting steel, can shorten the tap to tap time of first stove again, reach the purpose of saves energy, raising lining life, raising electric furnace production efficiency, application prospect is wide.
Claims (5)
1. the new stove first stove smelting process of electric furnace, it is characterized in that: it is made up of following steps:
A, batching: with addition of the pig iron, pig iron addition is 25～30% of a furnace charge gross weight, mixed carbon comtent 1.2～1.4% in the steel scrap;
60～70% chargings of furnace charge gross weight are pressed in B, charging for the first time; After the charging, adopt the 577-592V power supply for the first time, after the starting the arc is stable, adopt 637-671V, 671-691V power supply successively, when power supply reaches 2～4MWh, open the oxygen burner and flux;
C, the 15～25min that before charging for the second time, has a power failure, charging for the second time is the residue furnace charge; Adopt the 577-592V power supply, after the starting the arc is stable, adopt 637-671V, 671-691V power supply successively, the charging back is opened the oxygen burner and is fluxed;
D, treat that furnace charge fusing finishes, after bath temperature reached 1540～1560 ℃, 15～25min had a power failure;
E, technology smelting routinely then.
2. the new stove first stove smelting process of electric furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after step B feeds for the first time, adopt the 592V power supply, after the starting the arc is stable, adopt 655V, 691V power supply successively, when power supply reaches 2～4MWh, open the oxygen burner and flux.
3. the new stove first stove smelting process of electric furnace according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: when step B power supply reaches 2MWh, open the oxygen burner and flux.
4. according to the new stove first stove smelting process of each described electric furnace of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: step C adopts the 592V power supply, after the starting the arc is stable, adopts 655V, 691V power supply successively, and the charging back is opened the oxygen burner and fluxed.
5. according to the new stove first stove smelting process of each described electric furnace of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: in step e after technology is smelted tapping routinely, molten steel is through the LF+ vacuum refinement, the continuous casting steel billet that gets product.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102312044A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-01-11 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Method for smelting with electric furnace |
| CN102321781A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-01-18 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Material distribution process for electric furnace smelting burden |
| CN102559994A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-11 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for drying electric furnace by using molten iron |
| CN103031406A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-04-10 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Double-heat addition electric furnace lining baking process |
| CN104328243A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-02-04 | 达力普石油专用管有限公司 | Oxygen electric arc furnace steelmaking method for control of large electricity consumption with proper carbon proportion |
| CN105886700A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-08-24 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Method for directly smelting alloy-variety steel from furnace washing steel |
| CN109136462A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-01-04 | 江苏久华环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of electric arc furnace smelting method of supplying power to |
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| CN102312044A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-01-11 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Method for smelting with electric furnace |
| CN102321781A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-01-18 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Material distribution process for electric furnace smelting burden |
| CN102321781B (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-20 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Material distribution process for electric furnace smelting burden |
| CN102312044B (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-04-03 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Method for smelting with electric furnace |
| CN103031406B (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2014-05-28 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Double-heat addition electric furnace lining baking process |
| CN103031406A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-04-10 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Double-heat addition electric furnace lining baking process |
| CN102559994B (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2013-11-27 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for drying electric furnace by using molten iron |
| CN102559994A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-11 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for drying electric furnace by using molten iron |
| CN104328243A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-02-04 | 达力普石油专用管有限公司 | Oxygen electric arc furnace steelmaking method for control of large electricity consumption with proper carbon proportion |
| CN104328243B (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-02-17 | 达力普石油专用管有限公司 | Join carbon large power consumption control oxygen electrical furnace steelmaking process in right amount |
| CN105886700A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-08-24 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Method for directly smelting alloy-variety steel from furnace washing steel |
| CN105886700B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2017-11-10 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Utilize the method for the direct alloy smelting variety steel of prepurging steel |
| CN109136462A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-01-04 | 江苏久华环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of electric arc furnace smelting method of supplying power to |
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