CN104611562B - Slag former and method for prolonging service life of furnace lining of ferrovanadium electric furnace in electro-silicothermic process - Google Patents
Slag former and method for prolonging service life of furnace lining of ferrovanadium electric furnace in electro-silicothermic process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slag former and a method for prolonging service life of a furnace lining of a ferrovanadium electric furnace in an electro-silicothermic process. The slag former is heavy calcium oxide and magnesium-enriched light calcium oxide; according to the slag former and the method, the magnesium-enriched light calcium oxide is used for increasing content of magnesium oxide in furnace materials and original furnace slags; by improving components and physicochemical indexes of calcium oxide of the slag former added in a ferrovanadium melting process, chemical erosion and physical erosion of furnace slags and the furnace materials on the furnace lining in the ferrovanadium melting process are controlled and improved, so that loss of the furnace lining of the electric furnace in the ferrovanadium melting process can be radically controlled, and the aim of prolonging the service life of the furnace lining of the ferrovanadium electric furnace is fulfilled; together with the fettling technology, the service life of the furnace lining of the ferrovanadium electric furnace can be effectively prolonged. After the slag former and the method are adopted, the service life of the furnace lining of the 50 ferrovanadium electric furnace in the industry can be prolonged by more than one time, normally more than 200 furnaces can be used; moreover, the melting time and melting indexes in all stages can completely meet the production requirement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of ferrovanadium metallurgy production, especially a kind of prolongation electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner use
The slag former in life-span and method.
Background technology
Vanadium iron is that ferrous materials produce required a kind of important alloy addition, generally adopt electro silicothermic process, aluminothermic process and
Electro-aluminothermic process produces；Chinese 50 vanadium iron yield account for more than the 2/3 of world's total amount, and wherein more than 80% is using electro silicothermic process life
Produce.Electro silicothermic process smelting ferrovanadium is with vanadium oxide as raw material, and ferrosilicon makees reducing agent, and Calx cooks slag former, using electric arc stove heat,
Smelt by stages and produce.The seriality that electro silicothermic process is produced with it is good, product stability is high, vanadium high income, good product quality, cost
Low feature and extensively applied by industry.At present, steel, Jinzhou ferroalloy, Nanjing ferroalloy, Hebei steel enterprise are climbed both at home and abroad
The tens of enterprises such as Cheng Gang company adopt this method to produce 50 vanadium iron.One of subject matter that the method exists at present is exactly electric arc furnace
Vanadium iron lining durability relatively low (the especially larger vanadium iron electric furnace of tonnage), as the lining durability of domestic 3 tons of vanadium iron electric furnaces
All in 70～100 stoves.The multinomial Important Economic technology such as the relatively low power consumption having a strong impact on vanadium iron of lining durability, yield, refractory consumption
Index, therefore, lining durability is to weigh the key criterion that production technology level smelted by enterprise's vanadium iron.
The principle of electro silicothermic process is with vanadic anhydride, Vanadium sesquioxide as raw material, makees reducing agent with ferrosilicon.It produces work
Skill flow process is as shown in Figure 1.Completing dispensing, after batch mixing, charging when 50 vanadium iron are smelted is generally divided into the fourth phase charging (stove of each phase
Material proportioning differs): after first adding cold slag, steel scrap in vanadium iron electric furnace, the smart slag that the phase is produced returns electric furnace, energising
Add phase furnace charge (mixture of vanadium oxide, ferrosilicon and calcium oxide) afterwards, smelt, go out lean slag；Addition phase furnace charge (vanadium oxide, silicon
Ferrum and the mixture of calcium oxide), smelt, go out lean slag；Addition phase furnace charge (mixture of vanadium oxide, ferrosilicon and calcium oxide), smelting
Refining, goes out lean slag；Addition phase furnace charge (mixture of vanadium oxide, ferrosilicon and calcium oxide) is smelted afterwards, plus ferro-silico aluminium or metallic aluminium essence
Refining, goes out smart slag (return lower stove smelting and do bed material), goes out vanadium-containing molten iron ingot casting, obtain vanadium iron product after obtaining qualified vanadium-containing molten iron.
The calcium oxide that vanadium iron adds in smelting uses as slag former, this is because in vanadium iron production process, smelting
At a temperature of with the free energy of reaction of the low price barium oxide of Si reduction be on the occasion of, illustrate in acid medium use Si reduction vanadium low
Valency oxide is that thermodynamics are impossible, generates silicic acid vanadium, vanadium is from silicon after in addition low oxide and silicon dioxide are reacted
Restore just more difficult in sour vanadium, therefore add Calx when smelting, it can be generated with reduzate silicon dioxde reaction
Stable calcium silicates, prevent from producing silicic acid vanadium；And fusing point and the viscosity of slag can also be reduced, improve the performance of slag, strengthening
Metallurgical effect.
During conventional 50 vanadium iron are smelted at present, metallurgy lime is all using heavy calcium oxide (heap density 3.2g/cm3), all
Following deficiency is had using heavy calcium oxide: (1) heavy calcium oxide is more than molten state slag density (density 2.8g/ due to heap density
Cm3), have part heavy calcium oxide when feeding in smelting process to sink, in smelting process, punching is produced to the furnace lining under slag line
Brush and chemical erosion, strengthening is reduced converter life.(2) in vanadium iron smelting process, slag making generally adopts conventional dual alkalinity (oxygen
Change calcium/silicon dioxide) slag making, basicity of slag is between 1.7 to 2.5, and furnace lining material is the weaker magnesium oxide material of alkalescence,
Under smelting condition, slag easily makes magnesium oxide be changed, fuses in slag, produces serious chemical erosion to furnace lining.(3) corrode punching
The furnace lining material of brush incorporates in stove, so that temperature of charge in stove is declined, the quantity of slag rises, and reduces vanadium yield.Therefore how to improve addition
The key smelted the side effect reacted to body of heater, be the prolongation vanadium iron electric furnace liner life-span after heavy calcium oxide.
During using electro silicothermic process smelting ferrovanadium, body of heater lining durability shorter is a serious problem, not only affected cost but also
Impact production operational availability, if not taking fettling measure, about new furnace lining smelting 10 stoves, rear furnace body will be because of the furnace lining Eroded of resistance to material
And cannot be continuing with.The reason impact body of heater lining durability, is mainly: the high temeperature chemistry of (1) slag corrodes, in smelting process,
High alkalinity molten slag in electric furnace can produce chemical erosion effect by resistance to material to furnace lining, make furnace lining material corrode in slag, make
The chemical erosion of furnace lining in pairs, this is the main reason causing body of heater lining durability to decline；(2) molten state furnace charge is to furnace lining
Physical erosion, under smelting condition, molten iron and slag will move in stove, body of heater molten state can be washed away and corroded at resistance to material generation
Effect, this is also the major reason of impact body of heater body of heater lining durability；(3) electric arc impact, the height that when energising is smelted, electrode produces
Warm electric arc causes furnace bottom regional area heat to concentrate, and to body of heater, resistance to material forms ablation；Therefore, extend the electro silicothermic process electric furnace liner longevity
The feasible measure of life is how to manage to mitigate the above-mentioned corrosion function in smelting process.
Magnesia brick model used by 50 vanadium iron electric furnaces mainly has m1, m18, m19, m20 etc., and its composition is mgo >=89%, cr2o3=6%
～8%, calcium oxide≤3%, 0.2mpa refractoriness under load >=1540 DEG C.The high temeperature chemistry to the resistance to material of body of heater for the slag in smelting process
The reason etch, is more complicated, but first cause be calcium oxide (alkalescence is stronger) slag former under the conditions of pyrolytic semlting to magnesia (alkali
Property weaker) chemical erosion of furnace lining effect, because the alkalescence of calcium oxide is better than magnesium oxide, easily cause body of heater under the high temperature conditions
The chemical erosion of resistance to material, reduces converter life.
The method in the past improving the vanadium iron electric furnace liner life-span is the method for the online fettling public using industry, specifically
Way is: by the way of artificial fettling, using the fast method mended of online high temperature, after every stove has gone out ferrum, residual on cleaning furnace lining
Ferrum, residue, then directly carry out online heat with the fettling mud (magnesia, magnesium powder and salt mixture by a certain percentage) become reconciled
Mend；During fettling, fettling mud is shoveled with fettling and send in stove, mend top from furnace lining bottom, during fettling, fettling mud wants a shovel pressure one
Shovel is it is impossible to there be leakage shovel, thick thin under mud layer.Mended soon by the online high temperature in interval of per campaign, body of heater lining durability can be extended
To 70～100 stoves/body of heater.But the method is passive protection method after furnace lining suffers erosion it is impossible to control stove on source
Lining corrodes, and reaches the effect of extending furnace lining life.The loss of vanadium iron electric furnace liner can be controlled from source, extend the vanadium iron furnace lining longevity
The technology and method of life, at present it is not yet found that closing report.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of minimizing to the physical erosion of furnace lining and the prolongation of chemical erosion
The slag former of electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life；Present invention also offers a kind of extend electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace
The method of lining service life.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is: described slag former is heavy calcium oxide
With rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide.
In smelting process phase material of the present invention, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 0 of current period calcium oxide gross weight
～50%, in phase material and phase material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 20～70% of wherein calcium oxide gross weight, the phase
In material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 0～70% of current period calcium oxide gross weight.
Preferably, in described smelting process phase material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 0 of current period calcium oxide gross weight
～30%, in phase material and phase material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 30～60% of wherein calcium oxide gross weight, the phase
In material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 40～50% of current period calcium oxide gross weight.
Heap density≤the 2.6g/cm of richness magnesium lightweight calcium oxide of the present invention3, mgo content >=4wt%.
Preferably, the heap density of described richness magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is 2.4～2.6g/cm3, mgo content is 4～10wt%.
It is slag former that the inventive method adopts above-mentioned heavy calcium oxide and rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide.
Heavy calcium oxide in the inventive method and rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide adopt said ratio.
In smelting process described in the inventive method, basicity of slag is controlled to be 1.7～2.5.
The chemical attack of vanadium iron electric furnace liner is mainly the process of chemical attack between magnesia furnace lining and slag at present, in list
In the stove duration of heat, in slag, the total amount of mgo is to reach in the duration of heat and corrodes the furnace lining amount corroded during chemical equilibrium
(because not containing mgo composition in institute's furnace burdening).The lean slag main component of 50 vanadium iron institute outputs is: cao 58.7%, mgo 6.42%,
sio227.59%th, therefore as contained appropriate mgo composition in slag former calcium oxide component, invade reducing to reach in the smelting phase
The erosion amount of furnace lining during erosion balance, is conducive to protecting furnace lining.Therefore, selecting rich magnesium calcium oxide part to substitute heavy calcium oxide will more
Be conducive to extending the vanadium iron electric furnace liner life-span.
For rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, (heap density is less than 2.6g/ cm3), because its heap density is less than slag density (density
2.8g/cm3), there is not calcium oxide sinking situation during charging, can reduce in smelting process to the impact of furnace lining under slag line with
Etch；And, rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide can reduce slag phase density after adding, promote slag to float, make slag iron easily separated, be beneficial to
Stove interior smelting reaction (but when the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is excessive, has partly rich magnesium calcium oxide and can not sink to the top of the slag
Lower participate in reaction, lead to slag temperature low, smelting process is slack-off to lead to single stove duration of heat longer).
By rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, (heap density is less than 2.6g/ cm3) and heavy calcium oxide (heap density 3.2g/ cm3)
Ratio is allocated, and determines when smelting 50 vanadium iron, substitutes heavy calcium oxide with part lightweight calcium oxide and carry out slag making in slag former,
Can achieve and maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, mitigate chemical erosion and physical erosion to furnace lining in slagging process, effectively extend 50 vanadium iron electric furnaces
In the lining life-span, through actual production checking, more than one times of lining durability, normal condition can be improved on the basis of existing 70～100 stoves
Under can reach more than 150～200 stoves.
Have the beneficial effects that using produced by technique scheme: the present invention is used for coming using rich magnesium, lightweight calcium oxide
Improve the content of magnesia in furnace charge and original slag, by improving the one-tenth of the slag former calcium oxide adding in vanadium iron smelting process
Point and physical and chemical index, control, improve slag and furnace charge in vanadium iron smelting process to the chemical erosion of furnace lining and physical erosion, from source
The loss of electric furnace liner in vanadium iron smelting process is controlled on head, realizes extending the purpose in vanadium iron electric furnace liner life-span, if cooperation is mended
Stove technology, can more effectively extend the vanadium iron electric furnace liner life-span.
The present invention can reduce the physical erosion to furnace lining.In the case that smelting basicity is certain, using containing rich magnesium lightweight
The mixed oxidization calcium ratio of calcium oxide, individually with addition of heavy calcium oxide, can be effectively improved the amount of sinking to the bottom of calcium oxide, mitigates to furnace lining
Wash away, corrode.Mixed oxidization calcium of the present invention is reacted with slag phase because of the matching effect of density, the slagging being more beneficial for vanadium iron smelting,
Improve metallurgical effect.The present invention, using rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide slag making, can improve the mgo content in original slag, reduces reaching
Learn the chemical erosion to magnesia furnace lining during corrosion reaction balance, coordinate fettling technique, will effectively extend the vanadium iron electric furnace liner life-span.
The present invention reduces because of lining wear, can effectively reduce slag total amount produced by smelting, reduces the loss of slag band vanadium, improves vanadium and receives
Rate, and reduce melting electric consumption.After the present invention, more than one times of raising industry 50 vanadium iron electric furnace list stove lining durability, normally may be used
Reach more than 200 stoves, and the duration of heat and each phase smelting index fully meet Production requirement.
The inventive method, in smelting ferrovanadium, according to different smelting situations, adds the richness of different proportion in each phase furnace charge
Magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, by the low-density of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide and rich magnesium characteristic, add in improvement vanadium iron smelting process makes
The composition of slag agent calcium oxide and physical and chemical index, realize reducing the erosion effect to the resistance to material of body of heater for the slag in smelting process, reach and prolong
The purpose in long vanadium iron electric furnace liner life-span, and play attenuating slag total amount, improve vanadium yield, the effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Brief description
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is vanadium iron technological process of production sketch.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: the method for this prolongation electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life adopts following techniques and slag former.
Shown in Fig. 1, in phase material, allocating calcium oxide total amount into is 900kg(all heavys oxygen taking 3 tons of electric arc furnace as a example
Change calcium), allocating calcium oxide total amount in phase material, phase material is 1400kg, and wherein 700kg is rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, and the phase expects
Calcium oxide total amount is 900kg, and wherein 450kg is rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, controls basicity of slag 1.9～2.1 in smelting process,
Qualified 50 vanadium iron are obtained after the completion of smelting.The heap density of above-mentioned richness magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is 2.6g/cm3, mgo content is
6.8wt%.Through long-term production, the product quality of the present embodiment, specific yield etc. have no reality with during using regular oxidation calcium slag former
Qualitative change, and lining durability brings up to 185 stoves by 95 stoves.
Embodiment 2: the method for this prolongation electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life adopts following techniques and slag former.
, in phase material, addition calcium oxide total amount is 900kg taking 3 tons of electric arc furnace as a example, and wherein 200kg is rich magnesium lightweight oxygen
Change calcium, in phase material, phase material, add calcium oxide total amount to be 1400kg, wherein 800kg is rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, the phase expects oxygen
Change calcium total amount is 900kg, and wherein 400kg is rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, controls basicity of slag 2.0～2.2, smelting in smelting process
Qualified 50 vanadium iron are obtained after the completion of refining.The heap density of above-mentioned richness magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is 2.4g/cm3, mgo content is 4wt%.Warp
Long-term production, the product quality of the present embodiment, specific yield etc. have no substantial variations with during using regular oxidation calcium slag former, and
Lining durability brings up to 192 stoves by 95 stoves.
Embodiment 3: the method for this prolongation electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life adopts following techniques and slag former.
, in phase material, addition calcium oxide total amount is 450kg, all heavy calcium oxide taking 1.5 tons of electric arc furnace as a example,
Calcium oxide total amount is added to be 700kg in phase material, phase material, wherein 300kg is rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, the phase expects calcium oxide total amount
For 450kg, wherein 220kg is rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, controls basicity of slag 2.0～2.2, after the completion of smelting in smelting process
Obtain qualified 50 vanadium iron.The heap density of above-mentioned richness magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is 2.5g/cm3, mgo content is 10wt%.Through giving birth to for a long time
Produce, the product quality of the present embodiment, specific yield etc. have no substantial variations with during using regular oxidation calcium slag former, and the furnace lining longevity
Life brings up to 193 stoves by 95 stoves.
Embodiment 4: the method for this prolongation electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life adopts following techniques and slag former.
, in phase material, addition calcium oxide total amount is 450kg taking 1.5 tons of electric arc furnace as a example, and wherein 135kg is rich magnesium lightweight
Calcium oxide, adds calcium oxide total amount to be 700kg in phase material, phase material, and wherein 420kg is rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, and the phase expects
Calcium oxide total amount is 450kg, and wherein 135kg is rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, controls basicity of slag 2.0～2.2 in smelting process,
Qualified 50 vanadium iron are obtained after the completion of smelting.The heap density of above-mentioned richness magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is 2.4g/cm3, mgo content is
5.4wt%.Through long-term production, the product quality of the present embodiment, specific yield etc. have no reality with during using regular oxidation calcium slag former
Qualitative change, and lining durability brings up to 200 stoves by 95 stoves.
Embodiment 5: the method for this prolongation electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life adopts following techniques and slag former.
, in phase material, addition calcium oxide total amount is 450kg taking 1.5 tons of electric arc furnace as a example, and wherein 225kg is rich magnesium lightweight
Calcium oxide, adds calcium oxide total amount to be 700kg in phase material, phase material, and wherein 140kg is rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, and the phase expects
Calcium oxide total amount is 450kg, its all heavy calcium oxide, controls basicity of slag 2.3～2.5, smelted in smelting process
Qualified 50 vanadium iron are obtained after one-tenth.The heap density of above-mentioned richness magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is 2.1g/cm3, mgo content is 12wt%.Through long-term
Produce, the product quality of the present embodiment, specific yield etc. have no substantial variations with during using regular oxidation calcium slag former, and furnace lining
Life-span brings up to 188 stoves by 95 stoves.
Embodiment 6: the method for this prolongation electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life adopts following techniques and slag former.
, in phase material, addition calcium oxide total amount is 450kg taking 1.5 tons of electric arc furnace as a example, and wherein 180kg is rich magnesium lightweight
Calcium oxide, adds calcium oxide total amount to be 700kg in phase material, phase material, and wherein 490kg is rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, and the phase expects
Calcium oxide total amount is 450kg, and wherein 315kg is rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide, controls basicity of slag 1.7～1.9 in smelting process,
Qualified 50 vanadium iron are obtained after the completion of smelting.The heap density of above-mentioned richness magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is 2.3g/cm3, mgo content is
10.6wt%.Through long-term production, the product quality of the present embodiment, specific yield etc. have no with during using regular oxidation calcium slag former
Substantial variations, and lining durability brings up to 185 stoves by 95 stoves.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of extend electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life slag former it is characterised in that: described slag former is
Heavy calcium oxide and rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide；Heap density≤the 2.6g/cm of described richness magnesium lightweight calcium oxide3, mgo content >=
4wt%；In smelting process phase material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 0～50% of current period calcium oxide gross weight, phase material and
In phase material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 20～70% of wherein calcium oxide gross weight, rich magnesium lightweight oxygen in phase material
The additional proportion changing calcium is the 0～70% of current period calcium oxide gross weight.
2. according to claim 1 extend electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life slag former it is characterised in that:
In smelting process phase material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 0～30% of current period calcium oxide gross weight, and the phase expects and the phase
In material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 30～60% of wherein calcium oxide gross weight, rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide in phase material
Additional proportion be current period calcium oxide gross weight 40～50%.
3. the slag former extending electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life according to claim 1 and 2, its feature exists
In: the heap density of described richness magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is 2.4～2.6g/cm3, mgo content is 4～10wt%.
4. a kind of method extending electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life, it adopts calcium oxide is slag former, described makes
Slag agent is heavy calcium oxide and rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide；It is characterized in that: the heap density≤2.6g/ of described richness magnesium lightweight calcium oxide
cm3, mgo content >=4wt%；In smelting process, in phase material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is current period calcium oxide gross weight
0～50%, in phase material and phase material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 20%～70% of wherein calcium oxide gross weight,
In phase material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 0～70% of current period calcium oxide gross weight.
5. according to claim 4 extend electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life method it is characterised in that: smelting
During refining, in phase material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 0～30% of current period calcium oxide gross weight, and the phase expects and the phase
In material, the additional proportion of rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide is the 30～60% of wherein calcium oxide gross weight, rich magnesium lightweight calcium oxide in phase material
Additional proportion be current period calcium oxide gross weight 40～50%.
6. the method for the prolongation electro silicothermic process vanadium iron electric furnace liner service life according to claim 4 or 5, its feature exists
In: in smelting process, control basicity of slag to be 1.7～2.5.
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