CN102020510B - Styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102020510B CN102020510B CN 201010523994 CN201010523994A CN102020510B CN 102020510 B CN102020510 B CN 102020510B CN 201010523994 CN201010523994 CN 201010523994 CN 201010523994 A CN201010523994 A CN 201010523994A CN 102020510 B CN102020510 B CN 102020510B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein in the composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, an inner layer envelope is formed on the surface of urea by styrene acrylic emulsion and attapulgite clay powder; and an outer envelope is formed on the surface of the inner layer envelope by paraffin. In the preparation method, the preparation of the styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is finished by twice envelops, wherein, in the primary envelope, the styrene-acrylic emulsion is used as an envelope agent, and the attapulgite clay powder is used as an anti-caking slow-release agent; the urea particles sprayed with the styrene-acrylic emulsion are packaged and dried by using the attapulgite clay powder; in the secondary envelope, the paraffin used as an additive is heated, melted, and sprayed on the surface of the product in the primary envelope. Through the adsorption effect of the attapulgite to the fertilizer nutrition and the blocking effect of the attapulgite to the soil pore space water permeation, the nutrient of the nitrogen fertilizer is delayed to release, thus reaching the preferable effects.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof, specifically a kind of styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Two, background technology
Common nitrogenous fertilizer is being manured into soil by volatilization, leaching and denitrification, and rate of loss is up to 70%, and this will cause the huge wasting of resources and to the pollution of environment, water quality.Fertilizer coating slow/controlled release technology is to form the protectiveness film at the Quick-dissolving fertilizer particle surface, delays fertilizer nutrient and discharges, and can effectively improve the utilization ratio of readily avaiable fertilizer.The diversity of different coated fertilizers and the formed coating layer structure of coating process makes coated fertilizer nutrient releasing mechanism and the characteristic of different mould material prescriptions different, and the development of release-controlled film material becomes the key factor that fertilizer slow/controlled release technology is used.
At present, obtained larger progress in domestic and international research at Controlled Release Fertilizer, the development and application, but the coated slow-release material cost is high or the general more complicated of manufacture craft, causes coated fertilizer expensive.
Benzene emulsion is to be got through emulsion copolymerization by vinylbenzene and acrylate monomer, is milky white liquid, band blue light, solids content 40-45%, viscosity 80-1500mPas, level of residual monomers 0.5%, pH value 8-9.Benzene emulsion sticking power is good, and glued membrane is transparent, and water-fast, oil resistant, heat-resisting, ageing-resistant performance is good.Benzene emulsion has very widely purposes as the important middle Chemicals of a class, and is main as building coating, metallic surface latex coating, floor coating, paper tackiness agent and tackiness agent at present.
Paraffin is a kind of of mineral wax, also is a kind of of petroleum wax; To make slack wax from the lubricating oil distillate of crude distillation gained through solvent treatment, solvent dewaxing or through wax freezing and crystallizing, squeezing dewaxing, again through solvent deoiling, refining and sheet or needle crystal.Claim again crystalline wax, carbonatoms is about the hydrocarbon mixture of 18-30, and main ingredient is straight-chain paraffin, is about 80%-95%, also has on a small quantity with the alkane of indivedual side chains and the single-ring naphthene of belt length side chain, and both add up to content below 20%.Main quality index is fusing point and oleaginousness, the former temperature resistant capability, and the latter represents purity.Every class wax is pressed again fusing point, generally every 2 ℃, is divided into different kinds, such as 52,54, and 56,58 trades mark such as grade.Different according to the processing and refining degree, can be divided into 3 kinds of paraffin wax fully refined, SEMI-REFINED PARAFFIN WAX and scale waxs.Wherein wider with the former two's purposes, main component and wrapping material as food and other commodity (such as paraffin paper, wax crayon, candle, transfer paper), the baking container be coated with dressing, cosmetic material, be used for fruit freshness preserving, improve the rubber resistance to deterioration and increase the aspects such as snappiness, electric elements insulation, precision casting, also can be used for oxidation and generate synthetic fatty acid.Scale wax is because oleaginousness is more, mainly for the manufacture of match, fiberboard, sail cloth etc.After adding polyolefin additive in the paraffin, its fusing point increases, and adhesivity and snappiness increase, and is widely used in wrapping paper, the cardboard of protection against the tide, waterproof, top coat and the candle production of some textiles.
Attapulgite is a kind of layered magnesium aluminosilicate clays mineral, attapulgite clay is the clay Mineral resources take attapulgite as major ingredient, attapulgite is given the good adsorption of attapulgite clay, katalysis, rheological and thermotolerance owing to having special structure, and product is widely used in the industry such as oil, chemical industry, building materials, papermaking, medicine, agriculture and animal husbandry, nuclear power, sun power, food and silicate.
The nonmetallic mineral material attapulgite clay that good environmental protection and cost are low has good suction nitrogen, guarantor's nitrogen function and suction, water retaining function, and it is not used can bring soil pollution, and can improve water conservation and the fertilizer conservation performance of soil.Attapulgite clay also contains biological necessary macronutrient such as Na, K, Fe, Mo, Mn, Se, Sr, I, B etc. except its main component Si, the elements such as Al, Mg.Therefore the attapulgite clay fertilizer deficiency that can replenish lot of trace nutritive element in the soil.By water and bioactive effect, a part forms soluble trace elements and is absorbed by farm crop these trace elements in soil.But the related application of this quasi-mineral in slow release fertilizer is not reported at present.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention is for avoiding the existing weak point of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof is provided, utilize the low advantage of attapulgite cost, reduce the price of film-coated and slow release fertilizer, reduce the cost of agriculture production.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The characteristics of styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention are to form the internal layer coating in urea surface with benzene emulsion and attapulgite clay powder, form outer coating on the surface of described internal layer coating with paraffin, and the consumption of each material is:
Nitrogenous mass percent for>46.4%, grain diameter is the urea 100g of 3-4mm;
Second-order transition temperature is 55 ℃ benzene emulsion 40-60mL;
Industrial paraffin 20-30g;
Grain diameter is 200-325 purpose attapulgite clay powder 4-6g.
The preparation method's of styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention characteristics are: finish the preparation of styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer through twice coating;
Coating for the first time: use benzene emulsion as coating agent, attapulgite clay powder as the anti-caking sustained release dosage; The urea granules that has sprayed benzene emulsion is wrapped up, dries with the attapulgite clay powder;
Coating for the second time: after will the heating paraffin melting as additive, be sprayed on the product surface of coating gained for the first time.
The preparation method's of styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention characteristics also are:
Described first time coating: the seed-coating machine rotating speed be set be 60r/min, preheating temperature and be 50-70 ℃ and in the seed-coating machine rotary drum, drop into the urea preheating after 10 minutes, use spray gun in rotary drum, to spray into benzene emulsion, simultaneously in the seed-coating machine rotary drum, drop into concave and convex rod stone powder, after having sprayed benzene emulsion, seed-coating machine keeps rotating speed, keeps Heating temperature, discharging after 5 minutes, described discharging is carried out drying with 50 ℃, gets siccative;
Described second time coating: coating gained siccative drops into seed-coating machine again for the first time, it is that 50r/min, Heating temperature are 60-80 ℃ that the seed-coating machine rotating speed is set, use spray gun to spray into paraffin through heating and melting in the rotary drum, after having sprayed paraffin, close electric furnace, seed-coating machine keeps rotating speed, and discharging after 10 minutes gets styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, the present invention selects general, the inexpensive attapulgite clay of characteristic with special crystal habit and nano-pore structure and absorption property excellence as the Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers functional materials, be rolled in the granular urea surface with benzene emulsion, paraffin superpacket, make the composite coated urea Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers of attapulgite-paraffin-benzene emulsion, to the adsorption of chemical fertilizer nutrient, the retardation of soil pore water infiltration is delayed release to chemical fertilizer nutrient, obtained good result by attapulgite.
2, the present invention prevents caking with concave and convex rod stone powder, utilizes simultaneously well absorption property of concave and convex rod stone powder itself, improves the slow release effect of coated product.
3, in the inventive method, micropore can appear in the film surface in first time coating process, by the coating second time, at surface spraying paraffin, makes it be embedded in the micropore place, but the Effective Raise slow release effect.
Four, embodiment
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is to form the internal layer coating in urea surface with benzene emulsion and concave and convex rod stone powder, forms outer coating on the surface of internal layer coating with paraffin, and the consumption of each material is:
Nitrogenous mass percent for>46.4%, grain diameter is the urea 100g of 3-4mm;
Second-order transition temperature is 55 ℃ benzene emulsion 40mL;
Industrial paraffin 30g;
Grain diameter is 200~325 purpose concave and convex rod stone powder 4g.
The preparation method of styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer operates according to the following procedure in this implementation column:
1, the seed-coating machine rotating speed being set is that 60r/min, preheating temperature are 50 ℃; In the seed-coating machine rotary drum, drop into the urea preheating after 10 minutes, use spray gun in rotary drum, to spray into benzene emulsion, simultaneously in the seed-coating machine rotary drum, drop into concave and convex rod stone powder, after having sprayed benzene emulsion, seed-coating machine keeps rotating speed and temperature, discharging after 5 minutes, described discharging got siccative in 60 minutes with 50 ℃ of dryings;
2, siccative is dropped into seed-coating machine again, it is that 50r/min, Heating temperature are 60 ℃ that the seed-coating machine rotating speed is set, and uses spray gun to spray into paraffin in rotary drum, after having sprayed paraffin, seed-coating machine keeps rotating speed and temperature, and discharging after 10 minutes gets styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
In the implementation, used attapulgite clay is that the Features of Attapulgite Minerals depolymerization disperses by dry, the rear gained attapulgite powder of pulverizing, and is good to the absorption property of nutrient.
Because the loss of various coated fertilizers in the coating process, the coating rate of the styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer that finally makes is 25.37%.
According to " slow release fertilizer " national standard (GB/T 23348-2009), slow release fertilizer will soak 24 hour initial stage nutrient release rate and accumulate nutrient release rate less than 80% less than 15%, 28 day in 25 ℃ of hydrostatic.
The contrast of table 1 product index
By as seen from Table 1, product of the present invention meets national standard.
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is to form the internal layer coating in urea surface with benzene emulsion and concave and convex rod stone powder, forms outer coating on the surface of internal layer coating with paraffin, and the consumption of each material is:
Nitrogenous mass percent for>46.4%, grain diameter is the urea 100g of 3-4mm;
Second-order transition temperature is the benzene emulsion 60mL of 55 degree;
Industrial paraffin 20g;
Grain diameter is 200-325 purpose concave and convex rod stone powder 6g.
The preparation method of styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer operates according to the following procedure in this implementation column:
1, the seed-coating machine rotating speed being set is that 60r/min, preheating temperature are 60 ℃; In the seed-coating machine rotary drum, drop into the urea preheating after 10 minutes, use spray gun in rotary drum, to spray into benzene emulsion, simultaneously in the seed-coating machine rotary drum, drop into concave and convex rod stone powder, after having sprayed benzene emulsion, seed-coating machine keeps rotating speed and temperature, discharging after 5 minutes, described discharging got siccative in 60 minutes with 50 ℃ of dryings;
2, siccative is dropped into seed-coating machine again, it is that 50r/min, Heating temperature are 70 ℃ that the seed-coating machine rotating speed is set, and uses spray gun to spray into paraffin in rotary drum, after having sprayed paraffin, seed-coating machine keeps rotating speed and temperature, and discharging after 10 minutes gets styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
In the implementation, used attapulgite clay is that the Features of Attapulgite Minerals depolymerization disperses by dry, the rear gained attapulgite powder of pulverizing, and is good to the absorption property of nutrient.
Because the loss of various coated fertilizers in the coating process, the coating rate of the styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer that finally makes is 27.94%.
According to " slow release fertilizer " national standard (GB/T 23348-2009), slow release fertilizer will soak 24 hour initial stage nutrient release rate and accumulate nutrient release rate less than 80% less than 15%, 28 day in 25 ℃ of hydrostatic.
The contrast of table 2 product index
By as seen from Table 2, product of the present invention meets national standard.
Embodiment 3:
In the present embodiment, styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is to form the internal layer coating in urea surface with benzene emulsion and concave and convex rod stone powder, forms outer coating on the surface of internal layer coating with paraffin, and the consumption of each material is:
Nitrogenous mass percent for>46.4%, grain diameter is the urea 100g of 3-4mm;
Second-order transition temperature is the benzene emulsion 50mL of 55 degree;
Industrial paraffin 30g;
Grain diameter is 200~325 purpose concave and convex rod stone powder 5g.
The preparation method of styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer operates according to the following procedure in this implementation column:
1, the seed-coating machine rotating speed being set is that 60r/min, preheating temperature are 70 ℃; In the seed-coating machine rotary drum, drop into the urea preheating after 10 minutes, use spray gun in rotary drum, to spray into benzene emulsion, simultaneously in the seed-coating machine rotary drum, drop into concave and convex rod stone powder, after having sprayed benzene emulsion, seed-coating machine keeps rotating speed and temperature, discharging after 5 minutes, described discharging got siccative in 60 minutes with 50 ℃ of dryings;
2, siccative is dropped into seed-coating machine again, it is that 50r/min, Heating temperature are 80 ℃ that the seed-coating machine rotating speed is set, and uses spray gun to spray into paraffin in rotary drum, after having sprayed paraffin, seed-coating machine keeps rotating speed and temperature, and discharging after 10 minutes gets styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
In the implementation, used attapulgite clay is that the Features of Attapulgite Minerals depolymerization disperses by dry, the rear gained attapulgite powder of pulverizing, and is good to the absorption property of nutrient.
Because the loss of various coated fertilizers in the coating process, the coating rate of the styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer that finally makes is 31.42%.
According to " slow release fertilizer " national standard (GB/T 23348-2009), slow release fertilizer will soak 24 hour initial stage nutrient release rate and accumulate nutrient release rate less than 80% less than 15%, 28 day in 25 ℃ of hydrostatic.
The contrast of table 3 product index
By as seen from Table 3, product of the present invention meets national standard.
Claims (3)
1. a styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is characterized in that forming the internal layer coating in urea surface with benzene emulsion and attapulgite clay powder, forms outer coating on the surface of described internal layer coating with paraffin, and the consumption of each material is:
Nitrogenous mass percent for>46.4%, grain diameter is the urea 100g of 3-4mm;
Second-order transition temperature is 55 ℃ benzene emulsion 40-60mL;
Industrial paraffin 20-30g;
Grain diameter is 200-325 purpose attapulgite clay powder 4-6g.
2. the preparation method of the described styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer of claim 1 is characterized in that finishing through twice coating the preparation of styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer;
Coating for the first time: use benzene emulsion as coating agent, attapulgite clay powder as the anti-caking sustained release dosage; The urea granules that has sprayed benzene emulsion is wrapped up, dries with the attapulgite clay powder;
Coating for the second time: after the heating paraffin melting, be sprayed on the product surface of coating gained for the first time.
3. preparation method according to claim 2 is characterized in that:
Described first time coating: it is that 60r/min, preheating temperature are 50-70 ℃ that the seed-coating machine rotating speed is set; In the seed-coating machine rotary drum, drop into the urea preheating after 10 minutes, use spray gun in rotary drum, to spray into benzene emulsion, in the seed-coating machine rotary drum, drop into the attapulgite clay powder simultaneously, after having sprayed benzene emulsion, seed-coating machine keeps rotating speed, keeps Heating temperature, discharging after 5 minutes, described discharging is carried out drying with 50 ℃, gets siccative;
Described second time coating; Coating gained siccative drops into seed-coating machine again for the first time, it is that 50r/min, Heating temperature are 60-80 ℃ that the seed-coating machine rotating speed is set, use spray gun to spray into paraffin through heating and melting in the rotary drum, after having sprayed paraffin, close electric furnace, seed-coating machine keeps rotating speed, and discharging after 10 minutes gets styrene acrylic emulsion-paraffin-attapulgite composite envelope slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
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CN102992893B (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-07-30 | 肥西县金牛蚕桑农民专业合作社 | Modified styrene-acrylic emulsion-containing mulberry fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN106673830A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-17 | 盐城工学院 | Three-layer enveloping type high-water-absorption slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN108752087A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-06 | 芜湖市创源新材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the coated slow-release multielement soil conditioner of the lime-ash containing activated biomass |
Citations (3)
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CN1654439A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2005-08-17 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for producing mixed high-concentration slow-release fertilizer |
CN101531553A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2009-09-16 | 吉林省嘉鹏巨森肥业有限公司 | Slow controlled release diatomite fertilizer |
CN101798253A (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2010-08-11 | 张夫道 | Method for preparing water-soluble phenolic aldehyde and hydrocinnamic mixture urea coated slow release formulation |
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CN1654439A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2005-08-17 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for producing mixed high-concentration slow-release fertilizer |
CN101531553A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2009-09-16 | 吉林省嘉鹏巨森肥业有限公司 | Slow controlled release diatomite fertilizer |
CN101798253A (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2010-08-11 | 张夫道 | Method for preparing water-soluble phenolic aldehyde and hydrocinnamic mixture urea coated slow release formulation |
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