CN102018711B - Application of chelerythrine in preparing medicine for killing aquatic animal ectoparasites and preventer - Google Patents
Application of chelerythrine in preparing medicine for killing aquatic animal ectoparasites and preventer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102018711B CN102018711B CN 201010565142 CN201010565142A CN102018711B CN 102018711 B CN102018711 B CN 102018711B CN 201010565142 CN201010565142 CN 201010565142 CN 201010565142 A CN201010565142 A CN 201010565142A CN 102018711 B CN102018711 B CN 102018711B
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Abstract
The invention provides application of chelerythrine for preparing a medicine for killing aquatic animal ectoparasites and a preventer, belonging to the technical field of application of chemical products. The preventer is characterized by comprising the following materials in percentage by weight: 5%-25% of the chelerythrine, 5%-10% of a surface active agent, 10%-20% of a lytic agent, and the balance of solvent, wherein the surface active agent is Tween-20; the lytic agent is dimethyl sulfoxide; and the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol. The chelerythrine has good effect of killing the aquatic animal ectoparasites, is low in toxicity, low in residue, low in toxicity to the nontarget organisms and free of pollution to the environment, and is safe and reliable in use. The chelerythrine extracted from the natural plants is utilized as the active ingredient of the preventer, so that the preparation method is simple, the production cost is low and the application method is simple; and the preventer is directly splashed into ponds based on the dosage of 1-2 mL/m<3> to effectively prevent or kill the aquatic animal ectoparasites, and has good prevention or killing effects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical products purposes technical field, be specially application and the control agent of chelerythrine in preparation killing aquatic animal vermin medicine.
Background technology
Chelerythrine is a kind of chemical compound that extracts separation from the whole herb with root of bloodroot Herba Chelidonii (Chelidonium majus L.), and its structural formula is:
The molecular formula of this chemical compound is C
21H
18NO
4, molecular weight is 348, is pale yellow powder or shallow white crystal, and free alkali is colourless, and its quaternary ammonium salt is yellow.The aqueous solution of free alkali and salt shows violet fluorescence, and is easily molten in the organic solvents such as chloroform, methanol, ethanol, indissoluble in the petroleum ether, fusing point 195-205 ℃.Application in this chemical compound actual production is less.
Killing parasite on the Aquatic product at present mainly is Transplanted Human medicine, veterinary drug and part pesticide, as killing parasite with chemicalses such as metrifonate, avilamycin, ivermectins, although certain effect is arranged, but what life-time service brought is the series of problems such as environmental pollution, drug residue, drug resistance, also becomes the Green Trade Barrier problem of present food security and product water outlet.Chelerythrine is the medicine from extracted form natural plant, have low toxicity, low-residual, poison lower to non-target organism, the advantages such as environmentally safe, " the medicine public hazards " that can reduce or avoid present chemicals to bring are development trend and a large focus of Aquatic product disease control.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the object of the invention is to design provide a kind of chelerythrine in preparation killing aquatic animal vermin medicine application and the technical scheme of control agent, its insect killing effect is good, and also have low toxicity, low-residual, lower to the non-target organism murder by poisoning, the advantages such as environmentally safe.
The application of described chelerythrine in preparation killing aquatic animal vermin medicine.
The application of described chelerythrine in the external little melonworm of preparation killing aquatic animal, dactylogyrider, Trichodina medicine.
A kind of killing aquatic animal external parasite preventing and treating agent of described chelerythrine preparation is characterized in that being comprised of the following material of weight percentage: chelerythrine 5%-25%, and surfactant 5%-10%, lytic agent 10%-20%, surplus is solvent; Described surfactant is tween 20, and described lytic agent is dimethyl sulfoxide, and described solvent is dehydrated alcohol.
Described a kind of killing aquatic animal external parasite preventing and treating agent, the weight percentage that it is characterized in that described chelerythrine is 10%-20%, preferred 15%-18%.
Described a kind of killing aquatic animal external parasite preventing and treating agent, the weight percentage that it is characterized in that described surfactant is 6%-8%.
Described a kind of killing aquatic animal external parasite preventing and treating agent, the weight percentage that it is characterized in that described lytic agent is 15%-18%.
The preparation method of described a kind of killing aquatic animal external parasite preventing and treating agent is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) according to the above-mentioned substance ratio, take by weighing chelerythrine, surfactant, lytic agent, solvent, for subsequent use;
2) chelerythrine and lytic agent are mixed to fully dissolving;
3) surfactant, solvent are added step 2) stir in the mixed solution of gained, namely get the killing aquatic animal external parasite preventing and treating agent.
The application of above-mentioned chelerythrine in preparation killing aquatic animal vermin medicine, insect killing effect is good, and also has low toxicity, low-residual, lower to the non-target organism murder by poisoning, and the advantages such as environmentally safe are safe and reliable.This control agent is take the chelerythrine of extracted form natural plant as effective ingredient, and preparation method is simple, and production cost is low, and using method is simple, directly presses 1-2 mL/m
3Dosage splash and in the pond, can effectively prevent and treat or the killing aquatic animal vermin, control or killing effect are good.
The percentage composition that relates in the present patent application, unless otherwise indicated, all the other are weight percentage.
The specific embodiment
Now in conjunction with embodiments of the invention, the present invention is described in detail, so that advantage of the present invention is more obvious, and by test explanation beneficial effect of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Take by weighing chelerythrine 5g, stirring and dissolving in the 10g dimethyl sulfoxide takes by weighing 5g surfactant tween 20, etoh solvent 80g, and mixing and stirring namely gets control agent.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing chelerythrine 10g, stirring and dissolving in the 20g dimethyl sulfoxide takes by weighing 10 g surfactant tween 20s, etoh solvent 60g, and mixing and stirring namely gets control agent.
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing chelerythrine 15g, stirring and dissolving in the 15g dimethyl sulfoxide takes by weighing 6g surfactant tween 20, etoh solvent 64g, and mixing and stirring namely gets control agent.
Embodiment 4
Take by weighing chelerythrine 20g, stirring and dissolving in the 12g dimethyl sulfoxide takes by weighing 7g surfactant tween 20, etoh solvent 61g, and mixing and stirring namely gets control agent.
Embodiment 5
Take by weighing chelerythrine 25g, stirring and dissolving in the 18g dimethyl sulfoxide takes by weighing 8g surfactant tween 20, etoh solvent 49g, and mixing and stirring namely gets control agent.
Above-described embodiment can be enumerated a lot, and this differs and one enumerates again, so long as select according to the parameter area of technical scheme of the present invention, can prepare the aquatic animal parasite control agent that reaches beneficial effect of the present invention.Above-mentioned control agent can directly be splashed in the pond, and using dosage is: 1 ~ 2 mL/m
3
Below make chelerythrine chloride and above-mentioned control agent clear to the verminal control of aquatic animal and killing effect by test.
Test 1: chelerythrine is killed the test of pesticide effectiveness of the little melonworm of parasitic Fish
1. materials and methods
1.1 test fish
(8.7 ± 0.3cm) from Zhejiang Institute of Fresh Water Aquatic Products seed base for the Ctenopharyngodon idellus of the little melonworm of severe infections.The test fish is chosen 10 tail fishes support 7 d temporarily in cement pit after at random, gets the holobranch microscopy and observes little melonworm quantity on the statistics gill, and the little melonworm infection rate of test fish is 100%, and every tail fish on average infects about 70 of little melonworm.Chelerythrine lytic agent dmso solution.
1.2. external insecticidal test
In vitro tests is carried out at 24 porocyte culture plates, and the Ctenopharyngodon idellus holobranch of the little melonworm of severe infections is put into the plate that fills distilled water, and after little melonworm was swum out of in the gill, it was for subsequent use with suction pipe another plate to be put in the little melonworm collection of maturation.Medicinal liquid (0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8 and 0.9 mL/m that in each cell hole, adds about 2ml variable concentrations
3) and 20 little melonworm adults, per hour microscopy is observed once, the little melonworm mortality rate in each hole of statistics behind the 4h.Test arranges DMSO matched group and fully sudden and violent gas Natural Water matched group, every group of test triplicate.
The dead criterion of little melonworm: the polypide cilium does not move, and kytoplasm does not flow, and after birth breaks, and nucleus is broken.
1.3 insecticidal test in the body
The insecticidal test concentration that chelerythrine is set according to external insecticidal test is 0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8 and 0.9 mL/m
3Contain the Natural Water of abundant aeration in volume is the glass jar of 80cm * 60cm * 40cm, pH 7.0～7.5,25 ± 1 ℃ of water temperatures.In water body, add the chelerythrine of variable concentrations according to the concentration that sets, and stir.Each glass jar is thrown in and is infected Ctenopharyngodon idellus 10 tails that little melonworm is arranged, and gets the film-making of Ctenopharyngodon idellus holobranch, microscopy behind medication 48 h, adds up every tail Ctenopharyngodon idellus at the little melonworm amount of survival of gill section, calculates average killing rate, and test repeats 2 times, and carries out simultaneously the DMSO controlled trial.
The average amount of survival of little melonworm of killing rate (%)=(the average amount of survival of little melonworm of the average amount of survival-test group of little melonworm of matched group)/matched group * 100 %
The fish quantity of fish average mortality (%)=(the fish amount of survival during the fish quantity of input-microscopy)/throw in * 100%
The criterion of little melonworm death is: the polypide cilium does not move, and kytoplasm does not flow, and after birth breaks, and nucleus is broken.
1.4 date processing
Test data is processed with SPSS16.0 statistics software, all parameters all use mean ± standard deviation (
± SD) expression.
2. result of the test
2.1 chelerythrine external kills little melonworm test
Result of the test shows: chelerythrine has stronger killing action to little melonworm, and along with its killing action of increase of concentration strengthens gradually, its concentration is 0.9 mL/m
3The time, be 100% to the killing rate of little melonworm, the LC of its 4h
50And LC
90Be respectively 0.437,0.853 mL/m
3
External insecticidal test result also shows: chelerythrine has great destruction to the structure of little melonworm.After the 4h effect, the cell membrane of little melonworm destroys fully, the kytoplasm outflow, and nucleus is invisible, the cilium stop motion.And the little melonworm structure of matched group is intact, and ciliary movement is free, and macronucleus is high-visible, and this may be the Main Function mechanism of chelerythrine parasite killing.
2.2 insecticidal test in the body of chelerythrine
Result of the test shows: chelerythrine has stronger killing action to little melonworm, and its concentration is 0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8 and 0.9 mL/m
3The time, the killing rate of the little melonworm on the parasitic Ctenopharyngodon idellus is respectively: 16.1%, 17.3%, 32.9%, 53.9%, 75.3%, 82.3%, 89.4% and 96.8%.0.2,0.3,0.4 mL/m
3The Ctenopharyngodon idellus mortality rate of concentration group is 20%, 0.6 mL/m
3The Ctenopharyngodon idellus mortality rate of concentration group is 10%, and the Ctenopharyngodon idellus mortality rate of matched group is 40%, and all the other test group mortality rates are 0, and the result shows that chelerythrine has the test fishing gear of little melonworm that stronger protective effect is arranged to infection.
Test 2: chelerythrine is killed the test of pesticide effectiveness of parasitic Fish dactylogyrider
1.1 test fish
(5.7 ± 0.2cm) available from Changzhou Zhai Qiao for the Carassius auratus of severe infections dactylogyrider.And according to the ratio about 1:5 with do not infect parasitic Carassius auratus and raise together with infection, infect after 15-20 days, choose at random 10 tail fishes, get the holobranch microscopy and observe dactylogyrider quantity on the statistics gill, test fish dactylogyrider infection rate is 100%, and every tail fish on average infects about 50 of dactylogyrider.Chelerythrine lytic agent dmso solution.
1.2 effective drug determination of activity
The insecticidal activity assay method, carry out according to methods such as Wang Gaoxue etc. and Miguel Rubio-Godoy: during the test of pesticide effectiveness, contain the subsoil water of abundant aeration in the glass jar of certain volume, pH 7.0～7.5,25 ± 1 ℃ of water temperatures.In water body, add each sample of aforementioned preparation according to the concentration that sets, and stir.Each glass jar is thrown in and is infected Carassius auratus 20 tails that dactylogyrider is arranged, and the film-making of depletion fish holobranch, microscopy when 48 h are added up every tail Carassius auratus at gill section dactylogyrider amount of survival, calculate average killing rate, and carry out controlled trial simultaneously.
The average amount of survival of dactylogyrider of killing rate (%)=(the average amount of survival of dactylogyrider of the average amount of survival-test group of dactylogyrider of matched group)/matched group * 100 %
The fish quantity of fish average mortality (%)=(the fish amount of survival during the fish quantity of input-microscopy)/throw in * 100%
The highest valid density of sample, the i.e. corresponding solvent extraction substrate concentration of the highest killing rate.
2. result of the test shows: chelerythrine has stronger killing action to dactylogyrider, and its concentration is 0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8 and 0.9 mL/m
3The time, the killing rate of the dactylogyrider on the parasitic Ctenopharyngodon idellus is respectively: 15.3%, 16.7%, 35.4%, 57.9%, 77.5%, 86.2%, 90.6% and 100%.0.2,0.3,0.4 mL/m
3The Ctenopharyngodon idellus mortality rate of concentration group is 20%, 0.5 mL/m
3The Ctenopharyngodon idellus mortality rate of concentration group is 10%, and the Ctenopharyngodon idellus mortality rate of matched group is 30%, and all the other test group mortality rates are 0, and the result shows that chelerythrine has the test fishing gear of dactylogyrider that stronger protective effect is arranged to infection.
Test 3: chelerythrine is killed the test of pesticide effectiveness of parasitic Fish Trichodina
1. materials and methods
1.1 test fish
(8.7 ± 0.3cm) from Zhejiang Institute of Fresh Water Aquatic Products seed base for the Carassius auratus of severe infections Trichodina.The test fish is chosen 10 tail fishes support 7 d temporarily in cement pit after at random, gets the holobranch microscopy and observes Trichodina quantity on the statistics gill, and test fish Trichodina infection rate is 100%, and every tail fish on average infects about 70 of Trichodina.Chelerythrine lytic agent dmso solution.
1.2 the parasite killing test of pesticide effectiveness
The insecticidal test concentration that chelerythrine is set according to trial test is 0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8 and 0.9 mL/m
3Contain the Natural Water of abundant aeration in volume is the glass jar of 80cm * 60cm * 40cm, pH 7.0～7.5,25 ± 1 ℃ of water temperatures.In water body, add the chelerythrine of variable concentrations according to the concentration that sets, and stir.Each glass jar is thrown in and is infected Carassius auratus 10 tails that Trichodina is arranged, and the film-making of depletion fish holobranch, microscopy behind medication 48 h are added up every tail Carassius auratus at gill section Trichodina amount of survival, calculate average killing rate, and test repeats 2 times, and carries out simultaneously the DMSO controlled trial.
The average amount of survival of Trichodina of killing rate (%)=(the average amount of survival of Trichodina of the average amount of survival-test group of Trichodina of matched group)/matched group * 100 %
The fish quantity of fish average mortality (%)=(the fish amount of survival during the fish quantity of input-microscopy)/throw in * 100%
The criterion of Trichodina death is: the polypide cilium does not move, and kytoplasm does not flow, and after birth breaks, and nucleus is broken.
2. result of the test shows: chelerythrine has stronger killing action to Trichodina, and its concentration is 0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7, and 0.8 mL/m
3The time, the killing rate of the Trichodina on the parasitic Ctenopharyngodon idellus is respectively: 24.8%, 37.7%, 52.9%, 66.4%, 85.6%, 95.4%, 97.4% and 100%.0.2,0.3,0.4 mL/m
3The Ctenopharyngodon idellus mortality rate of concentration group is 20%, and the Ctenopharyngodon idellus mortality rate of matched group is 40%, and all the other test group mortality rates are 0, and the result shows that chelerythrine has the test fishing gear of Trichodina that stronger protective effect is arranged to infection.
Above-mentioned test 1-3 shows: chelerythrine is obvious to the verminal control of aquatic animal and killing effect.As effective ingredient, namely make described above control agent behind the adding auxiliary agent with chelerythrine.
Test 4: above-mentioned control agent sees Table 1-3 to the verminal control of aquatic animal and killing effect test.
Result of the test shows: above-mentioned control agent is obvious to the verminal control of aquatic animal and killing effect.
Claims (6)
1. the application of chelerythrine in the external little melonworm of preparation killing aquatic animal, dactylogyrider, Trichodina medicine.
2. the application of compositions in the external little melonworm of preparation killing aquatic animal, dactylogyrider, Trichodina medicine, it is characterized in that being formed by the following material of weight percentage: chelerythrine 5%-25%, surfactant 5%-10%, lytic agent 10%-20%, surplus is solvent; Described surfactant is tween 20, and described lytic agent is dimethyl sulfoxide, and described solvent is dehydrated alcohol.
3. application as claimed in claim 2, the weight percentage that it is characterized in that described chelerythrine is 10%-20%.
4. application as claimed in claim 2, the weight percentage that it is characterized in that described surfactant is 6%-8%.
5. application as claimed in claim 2, the weight percentage that it is characterized in that described lytic agent is 15%-18%.
6. application as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the preparation method of compositions may further comprise the steps:
1) according to the above-mentioned substance ratio, take by weighing chelerythrine, surfactant, lytic agent, solvent, for subsequent use;
2) chelerythrine and lytic agent are mixed to fully dissolving;
3) surfactant, solvent are added step 2) stir in the mixed solution of gained, namely get the killing aquatic animal external parasite preventing and treating agent.
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| CN104397034A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-11 | 苏州市相城区盛胡特种养殖专业合作社 | Environment-friendly type pesticide for aquatic products and preparation method thereof |
| CN105031128B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2019-11-15 | 武汉华扬动物药业有限责任公司 | The Chinese medicine composition and its preparation method and application of prevention or treatment aquiculture animal vermin |
| CN108653261A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-16 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Application of the 6- n-pentyloxies Rhein in prevention saprolegniasis and ich |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101099738A (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2008-01-09 | 西北农林科技大学 | Application of sanguinarine in preparing aquatic animal medicine and method for preparing its preparation |
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| CN101209043B (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2011-08-10 | 长沙世唯科技有限公司 | Application of sanguinarine or toddaline in prevention and cure of schistosomiasis |
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| CN101099738A (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2008-01-09 | 西北农林科技大学 | Application of sanguinarine in preparing aquatic animal medicine and method for preparing its preparation |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Gao-Xue Wang,et al..In vivo anthelmintic activity of five alkaloids from Macleaya microcarpa (Maxim) Fedde against Dactylogyrus intermedius in Carassius auratus.《Veterinary Parasitology》.2010,第171卷第305-313页. * |
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