CN102016448A - Freezing cycle - Google Patents
Freezing cycle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102016448A CN102016448A CN2009801168740A CN200980116874A CN102016448A CN 102016448 A CN102016448 A CN 102016448A CN 2009801168740 A CN2009801168740 A CN 2009801168740A CN 200980116874 A CN200980116874 A CN 200980116874A CN 102016448 A CN102016448 A CN 102016448A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- producing medium
- superheat
- cold
- degree
- refrigeration cycle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
- F25B2400/121—Inflammable refrigerants using R1234
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/18—Refrigerant conversion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/21—Refrigerant outlet evaporator temperature
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
In a freezing cycle comprising a compressor, a condenser, a depressurization and expansion means, and an evaporator, R1234yf is used as the refrigerant, the refrigerant on the exit side of the evaporator is in superheated state, and the freezing cycle operates in a range of 5 to 16 degrees of superheat, and preferably in the range of 10 to 16 degrees of superheat. When the refrigerant used is changed to the new refrigerant R1234yf, while the effect of an improved high performance coefficient is obtained, the rise in temperature of the discharged refrigerant is appropriately limited so that degradation of freezer oil during freezing can be prevented, and the entire freezing cycle can operate at high efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of kind of refrigeration cycle, especially, relate to a kind of kind of refrigeration cycle that under the situation of using new specific cold-producing medium, can turn round expeditiously.
Background technology
For example, the kind of refrigeration cycle that is used in air conditioner for motor vehicle etc. has basic structure shown in Figure 1.In Fig. 1, kind of refrigeration cycle 1 comprises: cold-producing medium is carried out compressor for compressing 2; After compression cold-producing medium is carried out condenser condensing 3; As the expansion valve 4 that makes through the puffing element of condensed cold-producing medium decompression, expansion; And the evaporimeter 5 that makes the cold-producing medium evaporation after decompression, expansion, circulate in this kind of refrigeration cycle 1 while make cold-producing medium change its state.In above-mentioned kind of refrigeration cycle 1, in order to improve refrigerating capacity, it is effective that the known outlet side cold-producing medium that makes evaporimeter 5 is in respect to saturation curve that superheat state turns round.
For example, example 11 as the operating condition of expression kind of refrigeration cycle 1 in the mollier diagram (enthalpy/pressure curve) of Fig. 2, the state of known outlet side cold-producing medium as evaporimeter 5, before the compression section 12 that enters based on compressor 2, by applying the degree of superheat 14, perhaps can improve the refrigerating capacity and the coefficient of performance (COP) of kind of refrigeration cycle 1 with respect to saturation curve 13.In the mollier diagram of Fig. 2, symbol 15 expression insentropes, symbol 16 expression thermoisopleths.
Characteristic as shown in Figure 2, basically irrelevant with the kind of cold-producing medium, the general characteristic that can be thought of as the kind of refrigeration cycle that can turn round as making evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium be in superheat state is represented, but in fact, according to the kind of the cold-producing medium that uses, higher as the possibility that the concrete characteristic of following concrete numerical value significantly changes.
Can list R134a as current representational cold-producing medium, but with global warming potentiality (GWP:global warming potential) etc. further be improved as purpose, carrying out research, the exploitation (for example, non-patent literature 1) of new refrigerant.As with the above-mentioned new refrigerant that is improved as purpose, recently, R1234yf is disclosed, for example,, also become the state that can test, study aspect the utilization of the kind of refrigeration cycle that is used in air conditioner for motor vehicle etc.
The prior art document
Non-patent literature
Non-patent literature 1: 2008 3 No. the 965th, monthly magazine the 83rd volumes (No. the 965th, cold Frozen in March, 2008 number the 83rd volume) freeze
Disclosure of an invention
Invent technical problem to be solved
At present, using under the situation of R134a as cold-producing medium, evaporator outlet side refrigerant superheat degree is generally about 5deg, has nothing to do with high capacity, low load, turns round with the condition about degree of superheat 5deg.Condition about this degree of superheat 5deg is the condition of setting according to (1) and (2), and wherein, (1) can be thought and be used for making cold-producing medium become condition as the necessary minimum of the vapor state of target in the evaporator outlet side; (2) suppose when making the degree of superheat become more much higher than about 5deg, discharging refrigerant temperature from compressor can excessively rise, because the excessive rising of this discharging refrigerant temperature, the worsening reason of the refrigerating machine oil that can become in cold-producing medium to be comprised, therefore, take place in order to suppress such situation, the degree of superheat is suppressed to about 5deg, thereby makes the discharging refrigerant temperature not be in certain more than the level.
Yet, under the situation of using new refrigerant R1234yf, if words with the condition running identical with the situation of above-mentioned existing refrigerant R134a, R1234yf compares the ratio enthalpy difference of operation range with R134a less, therefore, in order to obtain identical refrigerating capacity with the situation of using R134a, under the situation of using R1234yf, need to increase refrigerant flow for the situation of using R1234yf.So, in order to obtain identical refrigerating capacity, in comprising basic structure kind of refrigeration cycle 1 shown in Figure 1, increase refrigerant flow by the rotating speed that improves compressor 2, thereby cause the increase of the power consumption of compressor 2, its as a result coefficient of performance of refrigerating also reduce, thereby become unfavorable operating condition on the efficient.
Therefore, technical problem of the present invention is based on above-mentioned new discovery, and its purpose is to provide a kind of and especially will using cold-producing medium to change into the kind of refrigeration cycle that can turn round expeditiously under the situation that new refrigerant is R1234yf.
The technical scheme that the technical solution problem is adopted
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, kind of refrigeration cycle involved in the present invention comprises: cold-producing medium is carried out compressor for compressing; After compression cold-producing medium is carried out condenser condensing; Make puffing element through condensed cold-producing medium decompression, expansion; And the evaporimeter that makes the cold-producing medium evaporation after decompression, expansion, it is characterized in that, use R1234yf as cold-producing medium, and make above-mentioned evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium be in superheat state, thereby in the scope of the degree of superheat 5～16deg of above-mentioned evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium, turn round.
Promptly, it is characterized in that, using under the situation of R134a as cold-producing medium, in order to make evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium be in superheat state, turn round about degree of superheat 5deg with evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium, to use cold-producing medium to change under the situation that new refrigerant is R1234yf, in order to make evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium, in the scope of the degree of superheat 5～16deg of evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium, turn round in superheat state.Shown in Figure 3 as described later, to use cold-producing medium to be made as under the situation of R1234yf, compare with the situation that will use cold-producing medium to be made as R134a,, also can obtain the higher coefficient of performance (COP) and improve effect even the rising degree of evaporator outlet side refrigerant superheat degree is identical.In addition, when increasing the rising degree of the degree of superheat, as mentioned above, the discharging refrigerant temperature may rise to the temperature of the worsening reason that forms the refrigerating machine oil in the cold-producing medium under the situation of R134a, therefore, in fact must be suppressed to the condition running about degree of superheat 5deg, but under the situation of R1234yf, shown in Figure 4 as described later, even in the scope of the degree of superheat 5～16deg, turn round, also the discharging refrigerant temperature can be suppressed to the identical discharging refrigerant temperature of situation that turns round with suppressing R134a.So, can obtain owing to improving the coefficient of performance (COP) the raising effect that the degree of superheat produces, and can suppress the discharging refrigerant excessive temperature simultaneously rightly and rise, thereby the deterioration preventing of high efficiency running and refrigerating machine oil is taken into account.
Turn round in the degree of superheat of evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium is the scope of 5～16deg in kind of refrigeration cycle involved in the present invention and to get final product, but in order to do one's utmost to keep the degree of superheat to realize high efficiency running than the highland, and suppressing the deterioration preventing of the rising of discharging refrigerant temperature with the realization refrigerating machine oil, running is comparatively desirable in the scope of the degree of superheat 10～16deg.Promptly, shown in Figure 4 as described later, if only for the discharging refrigerant temperature, the operating condition of above-mentioned degree of superheat 10deg is equivalent to the operating condition of the low loading condition of the condition about the degree of superheat 5deg of situation of R134a, the operating condition of above-mentioned degree of superheat 16deg is equivalent to the operating condition of the high load condition of the condition about the degree of superheat 5deg of situation of R134a, therefore, by in the scope of the degree of superheat 10～16deg, turning round, for whole loading conditions, the discharging refrigerant temperature of the situation of R1234yf can be suppressed to the identical temperature of discharging refrigerant temperature with the situation of R134a, thereby can do one's utmost to improve the operating condition lower limit of the degree of superheat.The operating condition lower limit of setting this degree of superheat is the scope that the degree of superheat operating condition scope of 10deg does not repeat with the condition (about 5deg) of the degree of superheat of the situation of existing R134a fully.
In addition, kind of refrigeration cycle involved in the present invention, in the kind of refrigeration cycle that comprises basic structure shown in Figure 1, it is comparatively desirable having with the element that R134a is compared the degree of superheat rising that makes above-mentioned evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium as the situation of cold-producing medium.That is and since with the degree of superheat 5deg of the situation of R134a about compare in higher degree of superheat zone and turn round, therefore, set in advance the degree of superheat ascending member that can satisfy this operating condition.Can use known in the past element, mechanism as above-mentioned degree of superheat ascending member, as said elements, mechanism, for example can list the change etc. of setting value of setting, the puffing element (for example expansion valve) of elongation, the so-called sensible heat exchanger (sensible heat exchanger) of setting (for example, carrying out the setting of inner heat exchanger of heat exchange of the low-pressure side of the high-pressure side of condensator outlet side and evaporator outlet side), the evaporation tube length in the evaporimeter of liquid/gas heat exchanger.
The kind of refrigeration cycle that the invention described above is related, basically can be applicable to that desire uses all kind of refrigeration cycle of new refrigerant R1234yf, be particularly useful for being used in the air conditioner for motor vehicle of the running that requires efficient higher, the deterioration that prevents refrigerating machine oil, long-time higher durability.
The invention effect
According to kind of refrigeration cycle involved in the present invention, change under the situation that new refrigerant is R1234yf will using cold-producing medium, can obtain the higher coefficient of performance (COP) and improve effect, and the rising that can reasonably suppress the discharging refrigerant temperature to be preventing the deterioration of the refrigerating machine oil in the cold-producing medium, thereby can carry out high efficiency running as kind of refrigeration cycle integral body.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the summary construction diagram of representing in the present invention as the basic equipment configuration of the kind of refrigeration cycle of object.
Fig. 2 is the mollier diagram of an example of the operating condition of the expression kind of refrigeration cycle of following evaporator outlet side refrigerant superheat degree.
Fig. 3 is the graph of a relation of evaporator outlet side refrigerant superheat degree and the coefficient of performance (COP) increment rate.
Fig. 4 is the graph of a relation of evaporator outlet side refrigerant superheat degree and discharging refrigerant temperature.
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention are described.As the basic structure of the configuration device of kind of refrigeration cycle involved in the present invention, can be the equipment identical with equipment shown in Figure 1.As mentioned above, in Fig. 1, kind of refrigeration cycle 1 comprises: cold-producing medium is carried out compressor for compressing 2; After compression cold-producing medium is carried out condenser condensing 3; As the expansion valve 4 that makes through the puffing element of condensed cold-producing medium decompression, expansion; And make evaporimeter 5 through decompression, condensed cold-producing medium evaporation, in addition,, make the outlet side cold-producing medium of the evaporimeter 5 of kind of refrigeration cycle 1 be in superheat state and turn round in order to improve refrigerating capacity.Based on the circulation of the variation of the refrigerant condition of this degree of superheat effect basically according to shown in the mollier diagram of Fig. 2.
That Fig. 3 has represented under a certain condition of a certain kind of refrigeration cycle is (degree of supercooling 6.1deg in front of 52.6 ℃ of condensation of refrigerant temperature, 10 ℃ of cold-producing medium evaporating temperatures, the expansion valve), the situation of using refrigerant R134a and the situation of using new refrigerant R1234yf, the relation of the increment rate of evaporator outlet side refrigerant superheat degree and the coefficient of performance (COP).As shown in Figure 3, if improve evaporator outlet side refrigerant superheat degree, then the COP increment rate of R134a, R1234yf all rises as can be known, and its rising degree is that R1234yf one side is higher.Therefore, in R1234yf,, can obtain the more excellent coefficient of performance (COP) as can be known by improving evaporator outlet side refrigerant superheat degree.
Fig. 4 has represented the evaporator outlet side refrigerant superheat degree under high pressure (high capacity) condition (79.4 ℃ of condensation temperatures), middle pressure (middle load) condition (58.0 ℃ of condensation temperatures) and low pressure (low load) condition (43.0 ℃ of condensation temperatures) and the relation of discharging refrigerant temperature.As shown in Figure 4, as mentioned above, use the existing degree of superheat setting value of the situation of R134a to have nothing to do with load, for about 5deg, but in order under the situation of using R1234yf, also to be suppressed to the discharging refrigerant temperature identical (suppressing the rising of discharging refrigerant temperature) with the situation of R134a, the point that the line of the discharging refrigerant temperature value of the situation of the R134a when obtaining each condition and the characteristic line of R1234yf intersect gets final product, thereby utilizes the evaporator outlet side refrigerant superheat degree of this intersection point just can limit the favored area of the situation of using R1234yf.Promptly, the degree of superheat 16deg when degree of superheat 10deg the when degree of superheat 5deg the during low pressure of the situation of R134a (low load) condition is equivalent to low pressure (low load) condition of the situation of R1234yf, the degree of superheat 5deg the during high pressure of the situation of R134a (high capacity) condition are equivalent to high pressure (high capacity) condition of the situation of R1234yf.Therefore, from this Fig. 4 as can be known, can judge degree of superheat setting range 10deg～16deg that the existing degree of superheat setting value 5deg that is used to be suppressed to the situation discharging refrigerant temperature, that use R134a is equivalent to the situation of R1234yf, by the running in this scope, can will follow the deterioration preventing of the refrigerating machine oil of discharging refrigerant temperature rising to be suppressed to and existing identical degree.If the lower limit of this scope is made as and the existing identical 5deg of being, then can more safely suppresses to discharge the rising of side refrigerant temperature, thereby can realize the deterioration preventing of refrigerating machine oil more reliably.
Relatively reach from the characteristic of the R134a of above-mentioned Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and R1234yf evaporator outlet side refrigerant superheat degree suitable operating range setting as can be known, according to qualification of the present invention, under the situation of using R1234yf, can obtain owing to improving the coefficient of performance (COP) the raising effect that the degree of superheat produces, can suppress simultaneously the discharging refrigerant excessive temperature rightly and rise, thereby the deterioration preventing of high efficiency running and refrigerating machine oil is taken into account.
Industrial utilizability
Kind of refrigeration cycle involved in the present invention can be applicable to all kind of refrigeration cycle, is preferred as the kind of refrigeration cycle that is used in air conditioner for motor vehicle especially.
(symbol description)
1 kind of refrigeration cycle
2 compressors
3 condensers
4 expansion valves as the puffing element
5 evaporimeters
One example of the operating condition of 11 kind of refrigeration cycle
12 compression sections
13 saturation curves
14 degrees of superheat
15 insentropes
16 thermoisopleths
Claims (4)
1. kind of refrigeration cycle comprises: the compressor reducer that cold-producing medium is compressed; After compression cold-producing medium is carried out condenser condensing; Make puffing element through condensed cold-producing medium decompression, expansion; And the evaporimeter that makes the cold-producing medium evaporation after decompression, expansion, it is characterized in that,
Use R1234yf as cold-producing medium, and make described evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium be in superheat state, in the scope of 5～16deg, turn round with the degree of superheat of described evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium.
2. kind of refrigeration cycle as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
The degree of superheat with described evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium turns round in the scope of 10～16deg.
3. kind of refrigeration cycle as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Have and the element of R134a being compared the degree of superheat rising that makes described evaporator outlet side cold-producing medium as the situation of cold-producing medium.
4. kind of refrigeration cycle as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Be used in air conditioner for motor vehicle.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008-122301 | 2008-05-08 | ||
| JP2008122301A JP2009270775A (en) | 2008-05-08 | 2008-05-08 | Refrigerating cycle |
| PCT/JP2009/058292 WO2009136566A1 (en) | 2008-05-08 | 2009-04-27 | Freezing cycle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102016448A true CN102016448A (en) | 2011-04-13 |
Family
ID=41264621
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801168740A Pending CN102016448A (en) | 2008-05-08 | 2009-04-27 | Freezing cycle |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110056236A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2309206B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2009270775A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102016448A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009136566A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011247482A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2011-12-08 | Panasonic Corp | Refrigeration device and cooling and heating device |
| EP3764025B1 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2022-04-13 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Refrigeration cycle apparatus |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5392612A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1995-02-28 | Richard H. Alsenz | Refrigeration system having a self adjusting control range |
| JP3360530B2 (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 2002-12-24 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Control device for air conditioner |
| JP4078812B2 (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2008-04-23 | 株式会社デンソー | Refrigeration cycle equipment |
| US6293108B1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2001-09-25 | Vortex Aircon | Regenerative refrigeration system with mixed refrigerants |
| US7302807B2 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2007-12-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Refrigerating cycle device |
| DE10247262A1 (en) * | 2002-10-10 | 2004-04-22 | Behr Gmbh & Co. | Method for evaporation temperature control for air conditioning systems esp. for motor vehicles with adjustment dependent upon demand between min. and max. temperatures of a latent medium |
| JP2006177632A (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-07-06 | Denso Corp | Refrigerating cycle |
| JP2007315663A (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2007-12-06 | Sanden Corp | Refrigeration system |
| FR2905633B1 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2008-12-05 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | AIR CONDITIONING LOOP OF A MOTOR VEHICLE HAVING REFRIGERANT FLUID BASED ON 1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUOROPROPRENE AND TRIFLUOROIODOMETHANE |
| DE102007015185B4 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2022-12-29 | Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh | Air conditioning for a motor vehicle |
| JP2008281326A (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-11-20 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | Refrigerating unit and heat exchanger used for the refrigerating unit |
| JP5318099B2 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2013-10-16 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Refrigeration cycle apparatus and control method thereof |
| EP3081879B1 (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2021-05-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Refrigeration cycle apparatus |
| US20100313582A1 (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2010-12-16 | Oh Jongsik | High efficiency r744 refrigeration system and cycle |
-
2008
- 2008-05-08 JP JP2008122301A patent/JP2009270775A/en active Pending
-
2009
- 2009-04-27 EP EP09742690.2A patent/EP2309206B1/en active Active
- 2009-04-27 WO PCT/JP2009/058292 patent/WO2009136566A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-04-27 CN CN2009801168740A patent/CN102016448A/en active Pending
- 2009-04-27 US US12/991,683 patent/US20110056236A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110056236A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 |
| EP2309206A1 (en) | 2011-04-13 |
| EP2309206A4 (en) | 2011-10-12 |
| EP2309206B1 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
| JP2009270775A (en) | 2009-11-19 |
| WO2009136566A1 (en) | 2009-11-12 |
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Application publication date: 20110413 |