CN102009283A - Cavitation corrosion resistant stainless steel solder wire and welding method thereof - Google Patents
Cavitation corrosion resistant stainless steel solder wire and welding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a special cavitation corrosion resistant overlaying alloy solder wire, wherein the deposited metal of the solder wire has favorable cavitation corrosion resistance and welding molding property, and the overlaying deposited metal layer has high seawater corrosion resistance and cavitation corrosion resistance. The solder wire is characterized by comprising the overlaying material consisting of the following specific chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.05-0.10 percent of carbon, 11-15 percent of chromium, 6-9 percent of nickel, 1-2.5 percent of manganese, 0.3-1.0 percent of silicon, 2-3.5 percent of copper, 1.8-2.8 percent of molybdenum, 0.03-0.2 percent of nitrogen, 0.01-0.03 percent of cerium, not more than 0.03 percent of sulphur, not more than 0.03 percent of phosphor and the balance of iron. The solder wire is mainly used for overlaying manufacture or repair of vapor-corrosion products such as propellers, seawater pumps, impeller blades and the like, and the deposited metal subjected to overlaying has excellent vapor corrosion resistance and seawater erosion resistance in seawater environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding material and welding method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of bead welding wire and welding technique thereof in order to cavitation-corrosion-resistant.
Background technology
Cavitation damage is the corrosion behavior that occurs on the fluid devices such as the hydraulic turbine, screw, water pump.When liquid during with respect to the metal surface high-speed motion, air pocket constantly takes place in the surface, liquid produces strong impulsive force to the metal surface in air pocket shattered to pieces process subsequently, effect so repeatedly, make the piece surface metal produce tired and so that come off, form many pittings, it has directly caused the generation of material surface crackle, has shortened the service life of fluid device.At present the cavitation-corrosion-resistant material of using be mainly the copper base,, various types of materials such as cobalt-based, nickel-base alloy, cast iron and stainless steel.Wherein cobalt-based, nickel-base alloy cavitation-corrosion-resistant better performances, but production cost is also high, and stainless steel material since its preferably cost performance obtain more and more widely application.Document [1] (Chen Yan. the comparison of different materials cavitation erosion resistant performance, heat processing technique, 2000 (3): 23-25) reported the cavitation-corrosion-resistant performance data of multiple materials such as HT200, QT600, ZG0 chromium 13 nickel 6 molybdenums, total weightless material HT200 at most reached 961.4mg in 15 hours, material ZG0 chromium 13 nickel 6 molybdenums of minimum weight loss are 25.2mg, and weight loss is still obviously very big.Generally, the associated components serious problem of cavitation damage that exists as the same on the fluid devices such as the hydraulic turbine, screw, water pump, as the high performance airscrew physical life from hundreds of hour by several thousand hours, need often to change, also caused the inconvenience of work except bringing bigger economic loss.
Built-up welding is to apply one deck with welding method at the piece surface heap to have the technical process of particular characteristic material, and as an important branch of welding field, built-up welding can be used to make new parts and repair old part.
Bead-welding technology obtains a large amount of application in actual production, resurfacing welding material is the key technology of decision surfacing layer metal performance and physical life, but lack welding material special on the market at the cavitation damage exploitation, using at present wider is substitution material such as wear resistant corrosion resistant, can not satisfy the needs in market.Therefore study new material in order to the built-up welding manufacturing or repair cavitation-corrosion-resistant parts such as screw, water pump, significant to improving the cavitation-corrosion-resistant performance and prolonging physical life.The patent ZL 96193879.X that the R. of U.S. Stoody Deloro Stellite, INC. steps people's inventions such as farming has provided a kind of cavitation erosion resistant steel, its described alloy contains, represent with percentage by weight, the carbide organizator of 10-40 chromium, 5-15 manganese, 3.5-7 silicon, 1.8-4.8 nickel, 0.15-3.5 carbon and B, 0-0.3 nitrogen, all the other are iron.This material also can be made welding wire and be used for welding, but is not used for welding in conjunction with corresponding welding procedure.This invention improves the content of nickel, reduces the manganese silicone content and adds copper, and purpose is to improve material welding performance; strengthen corrosive nature, cavitation-corrosion-resistant performance and the wear-corrosion resistance in the water that contains silt that flows of welding cladding metal in seawater; auxiliary special gas nitrogen suitable during welding is as protective gas, and arc stiffness is good like this, and energy is more concentrated; Gu weld seam is narrow; be out of shape for a short time, because weldering speed is fast, it is light to be welded the metal burning; the joint softened zone is little, cladding efficient height.Make the nitrogen element enter weld metal by welding process simultaneously, form nitride, strengthen the alloy corrosion resistance energy.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to invent a kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant welding wire, in order to built-up welding reparation or manufacturing cavitation-corrosion-resistant parts, main purpose has:
(1) do not need the whole cavitation-corrosion-resistant material that adopts, a large amount of economical with materials reduce cost;
(2) at China's present situation, built-up welding cavitation-corrosion-resistant material is than changing cavitation-corrosion-resistant equipment more economically with rapid;
(3) easy to maintenance, be applicable to not easily changeable large-scale fluid device, as the hydraulic turbine;
(4), improved the mobility and the fighting capacity on naval vessel as the hull resurfacing welding material.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
A kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick, its material is: carbon, chromium, nickel, manganese, silicon, copper, molybdenum, nitrogen, cerium, iron.
A kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick, composition for its material mixture ratio is: carbon: 0.05-0.10%; Chromium: 11-15%; Nickel: 6-9%; Manganese: 1-2.5%; Silicon: 0.3-1.0%; Copper: 2-3.5%; Molybdenum: 1.8-2.8%; Nitrogen: 0.03-0.2%; Cerium: 0.01-0.03%; P≤0.03%; S≤0.03%; Surplus is an iron.
A kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick, composition for its material mixture ratio is: chromium: 13.31%, nickel: 6.96%, manganese: 1.36%, silicon: 0.78%, copper: 2.46%, molybdenum: 2.33, carbon: 0.078%, nitrogen: 0.078, cerium 0.019%, surplus is an iron.
A kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick, composition for its material mixture ratio is: chromium 12.10%, nickel 7.26%, manganese 2.01%, silicon 0.43%, copper 3.12%, molybdenum 2.33, carbon 0.063%, nitrogen 0.11, cerium 0.029%, surplus is an iron.
A kind of welding method that adopts the described a kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick of claim 1; adopt argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG) method; welding current 120A; weldingvoltage 17V; speed of welding 18 carbon m/min, protective gas is the argon gas of purity 99.9%, flow is 12L/min; high 6mm is piled in 4 layers of built-up welding.
A kind of welding method that adopts the described a kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick of claim 1; adopt the tungsten argon arc soldering method to carry out built-up welding; welding current 130A; weldingvoltage 17V; speed of welding 16 carbon m/min, protective gas is the argon gas of purity 99.9%, flow is 15L/min; high 4mm is piled in 3 layers of built-up welding.
7, a kind of welding method that adopts the described a kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick of claim 1; it is characterized in that: adopt argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG) method to carry out built-up welding; welding current 120A; weldingvoltage 13V; speed of welding 20 carbon m/min, protective gas are argon gas+2% nitrogen of purity 98%, and flow is 13L/min; high 4mm is piled in 3 layers of built-up welding.
Welding wire according to the present invention has lower carbon content and suitable alloying element, has good welding performance and good mouldability, and has avoided the use of precious metal carbon o, and has limited the content of nickel, has reduced material cost.Can be used for the built-up welding reparation and the manufacturing of cavitation-corrosion-resistant product such as parts such as screw, water pump vane.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is the accumulation weight loss comparison diagram of material 1-2# of the present invention, 2-1# and surfacing layer metal 1-3#, 2-2#, 2-3# and 0# contrast material.
Fig. 2 a～2e is the surface topography under the 1-3# material cavitation damage different time of the present invention,
Wherein: Fig. 2 a is the surface topography after the 0.5h cavitation damage;
Fig. 2 b is the surface topography after the 5h cavitation damage;
Fig. 2 c is the surface topography after the 7.5h cavitation damage;
Fig. 2 d is the surface topography after the 10h cavitation damage;
Fig. 2 e is the surface topography after the 50h cavitation damage.
The specific embodiment
The heap stainless steel welding stick, this is in the cavitation-corrosion-resistant performance that guarantees can improve greatly on the basis that decay resistance, impact resistance and abrasion resistance properties improve it.This stainless steel welding stick provided by the present invention has good weldability.The definite foundation and the reason of material chemical composition scope is as follows among the present invention:
Carbon (carbon): for guaranteeing good weldability and processability, reduce phosphorus content, in order to guarantee the intensity and the cavitation-corrosion-resistant of deposited metal after the built-up welding, phosphorus content is preferably 0.05-0.10wt% simultaneously;
Chromium (chromium) can improve the tolerance of most of type corrosion, requires chromium content to keep high as far as possible to improve corrosion resistance, and still, the chromium too high levels easily causes the danger of separating out of intermetallic compound, requires its content at 11-15wt%.
Nickel (nickel) is austenite former, can improve corrosion resistance and cavitation-corrosion-resistant performance and the wear-corrosion resistance in the water that contains silt that flows of metal in reducing medium.Nickel content should be between 6-9.0wt% in the material.
Manganese (manganese) is effective deoxidation and desulfurizing agent.Manganese can also improve the strength of materials, and content requirement is controlled at 1-2.5wt%.
Copper (copper) can improve the corrosive nature of welding material in seawater, thereby improves the cavitation-corrosion-resistant performance of material.The content of copper is preferably 2-3.5wt%.
Molybdenum (molybdenum) can improve under weakly acidic condition and chloride in resistance to corrosion, this resistance to corrosion that helps in the seawater improves, but too high molybdenum might form the intermetallic precipitate with chromium, and the preferable range of molybdenum content should be between 1.8-2.8wt% among the present invention.
The main aborning deoxidant element of silicon (silicon).In production and welding process, also can increase metal flow, but too high silicone content can make material production fragility, so the content of silicon is preferably 0.3-1%.
The adding of nitrogen can remedy the low loss of strength that causes of part phosphorus content, reduces the Ms point, and cooperating the use amount that can also reduce nickel, preferable range with manganese is 0.03-0.2wt%.
The rare earth cerium mainly is can crystal grain thinning, improves the combination property of material, and content is preferably 0.01-0.03%.
Sulphur, phosphorus all are the objectionable impurities in the steel.Should S, P content be controlled at below 0.03% as far as possible.
Cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick of the present invention pours into steel ingot after the refining earlier in middle frequency furnace, composition is: carbon: 0.05-0.10%; Chromium: 11-15%; Nickel: 6-9%; Manganese: 1-2.5%; Silicon: 0.3-1.0%; Copper: 2-3.5%; Molybdenum: 1.8-2.8%; Nitrogen: 0.03-0.2%; Cerium: 0.01-0.03%; P≤0.03%; S≤0.03%; Surplus is an iron.The part Rolling from Ingot is made 8mm heavy-gauge sheeting (being labeled as 1-1#), the part steel ingot by the 40mm square billet to the 8mm wire rod through hole, 15 road, make the welding wire that diameter is 1.6mm (being labeled as 1-2#) through the multiple tracks drawing again material of the present invention is carried out the dissimilar metal built-up welding on common used material, can be used for the manufacturing of cavitation-corrosion-resistant parts.Adopt argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG) method to adopt the 1-2# welding wire to carry out built-up welding on 304L stainless steel (being labeled as the 0# material) surface; welding current 120A; weldingvoltage 17V; speed of welding 18 carbon m/min; protective gas is the argon gas of purity 99.9%; flow is 12L/min; 4 layers of built-up welding; pile high 6mm.1-2# solder wire material itself and surfacing layer metal (being labeled as 1-3#) and make the sea water solution that places composition as shown in table 1 of 15mm * 15mm * 13mm; the control temperature is constant 21 degrees centigrade; pH value is controlled at 8.0; test on ultrasonic vibration cavitation erosion test machine according to ASTM G32/92 standard, vibration frequency is 20kHz, and amplitude is 50 μ m; sample is apart from luffing rod end surface 1mm, and the degree of depth that the luffing bar immerses medium is 20mm.0# mother metal, 1-2# solder wire material and surfacing layer metal 1-3# weight loss are as shown in Figure 1.The cavitation damage pattern of 1-3# sample is shown in Fig. 2 a～2e, can see, when corrosion is incipient, much variations do not take place in the built-up welding surface, in cavitation damage behind the 0.5h, specimen surface has only produced very slight micro-plastic deformation, to cavitation damage during 5h, bigger micro-plastic deformation has appearred in the built-up welding surface, a large amount of fluctuatings and a small amount of microfissure have appearred in specimen surface, and present the trend of lathization, that be during this period of time in the part austenite absorbed the ballistic work that cavitation damage brings, tissue is changed to lath martensite, and the nonabsorbable that part of impact energy of phase transformation, make the lath martensite distortion that is distorted, the crystal boundary place stress that makes of plastic deformation is concentrated, and then produces intercrystalline crack at the crystal boundary place at first.Cavitation damage 5h～7.5h during this period of time in, a large amount of cavity impact energys makes the generation of lath martensite acutely twist, and has quickened the continuous extension and the expansion of intercrystalline crack, what caused adjacent crystal grain intersection is mingled with preferentially peeling off of phase.Because the effect of direct stress, the austenite crystal intragranular has produced micro-crack, not only homogeneous corrosion is serious mutually for austenite, also have tangible brittle crack, can observe the propagation direction of crackle and the orientation of glide band and be not quite similar, the crackle that has is parallel with glide band, the crackle that has is vertical with glide band, when crackle expands to phase boundary, transfer mostly to can be observed the cleavage step that stays after material comes off in the subregion along the phase boundary expansion.Carried out behind the 10h in cavitation damage, see from Fig. 2 d, the overlay cladding surface has formed crisscross brittle crack, this is along with extension is constantly expanded in the increase of cavitation damage time because of the intracrystalline micro-crack, finally be connected with intercrystalline crack, and the fractionlet that the connection of crackle must make the many fractures of material production, these fragments are easy to be peeled off under cavity impacts, and the sample top layer begins constantly to come off material like this.This time, the weightlessness of material increased unusually.Carried out behind the 50h when cavitation damage, macroscopical large-sized cavitation damage hole occurred, the cavitation damage destroyed area has covered austenitic matrix and martensitic phase, and the material of specimen surface peels off in a large number, sees Fig. 2 e.
Table 1 test sewater chemistry composition
| Composition | NaCl? | MgCl 2·6H 2O | MgSO 4 | CaCl 2 | KCl? | NaHcO 3 |
| Content g/L | 26.225? | 5.236? | 3.390? | 1.153? | 0.768? | 0.196? |
Embodiment 2
Cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick of the present invention pours into steel ingot after the refining earlier in middle frequency furnace, composition is: carbon: 0.05-0.10%; Chromium: 11-15%; Nickel: 6-9%; Manganese: 1-2.5%; Silicon: 0.3-1.0%; Copper: 2-3.5%; Molybdenum: 1.8-2.8%; Nitrogen: 0.03-0.2%; Cerium: 0.01-0.03%; P≤0.03%; S≤0.03%; Surplus is an iron.Steel ingot by the 40mm square billet to the 8mm wire rod through hole, 15 road, make the welding wire that diameter is 1.6mm (being labeled as 2-1#) with the enterprising windrow weldering of material same material of the present invention through the multiple tracks drawing again, can be used for the reparation after the cavitation-corrosion-resistant parts damages.Adopt argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG) method to adopt the 2-1# welding wire to carry out built-up welding (surfacing layer metal is labeled as 2-2#) at 1-1# material plate surface of the present invention; welding current 130A; weldingvoltage 17V; speed of welding 16 carbon m/min; protective gas is the argon gas of purity 99.9%; flow is 15L/min; 3 layers of built-up welding; pile high 4mm.1# solder wire material itself and surfacing layer metal (being labeled as 2-2#) and make the sea water solution that places composition as shown in table 1 of 15mm * 15mm * 13mm; the control temperature is constant 21 degrees centigrade; pH value is controlled at 8.0; test on ultrasonic vibration cavitation erosion test machine according to ASTM G32/92 standard, vibration frequency is 20kHz, and amplitude is 50 μ m; sample is apart from luffing rod end surface 1mm, and the degree of depth that the luffing bar immerses medium is 20mm.2-1# solder wire material and surfacing layer metal 2-2# weight loss are as shown in Figure 1.
Adopt the 2-1# welding wire among the embodiment 2; adopt argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG) method to adopt the 2-1# welding wire to carry out built-up welding (surfacing layer metal is labeled as 2-3#) at 1-1# material plate surface of the present invention; welding current 120A; weldingvoltage 13V; speed of welding 20 carbon m/min; protective gas is argon gas+2% nitrogen of purity 98%; flow is 13L/min; 3 layers of built-up welding; pile high 4mm. surfacing layer metal (being labeled as 2-3#) and make the sea water solution that places composition as shown in table 1 of 15mm * 15mm * 13mm; the control temperature is constant 21 degrees centigrade, and pH value is controlled at 8.0, tests on ultrasonic vibration cavitation erosion test machine according to ASTM G32/92 standard; vibration frequency is 20kHz; amplitude is 50 μ m, and sample is apart from luffing rod end surface 1mm, and the degree of depth that the luffing bar immerses medium is 20mm.Surfacing layer metal 2-3# weight loss as shown in Figure 1, ordinate is a loss amount among Fig. 1, abscissa is the testing time.
Contrast by Fig. 1 is found, the weight loss of solder wire material 1-2# of the present invention, 2-1# and surfacing layer metal 1-3# thereof, 2-2# within a short period of time and stainless steel material 0# commonly used near but a little more than the 0# material, material 1-2# of the present invention, 2-1# and surfacing layer metal 1-3#, 2-2#, 2-3# weight loss then are starkly lower than 0# after the 25h, illustrate that material of the present invention has better cavitation-corrosion-resistant performance.Solder wire material 1-2# weightlessness is a little less than 2-1#; simultaneously 1-2#, 2-1# are approaching with its surfacing layer metal 1-3#, 2-2# weight loss respectively; explanation can obtain the surfacing layer metal approaching with the welding wire performance under suitable welding procedure; but the 2-3# surfacing layer metal weightless near in addition a little less than bead welding wire 2-1# material; explanation is under other protections of mixing of nitrogen and argon gas; variation has taken place in composition in the cladding metal, makes its cavitation-corrosion-resistant performance further strengthen.Overlay cladding thickness difference among the embodiment 1,2,3, because be the built-up welding of foreign material, think that the overlay cladding performance reaches requirement when overlay cladding thickness surpasses 6mm among the embodiment 1, and wlding and mother metal composition are approaching in embodiment 2 and 3, belong to metal solder of the same race, just think that the overlay cladding performance reaches requirement when overlay cladding thickness surpasses 4mm.
Claims (7)
1. cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick, it is characterized in that: its material is: carbon, chromium, nickel, manganese, silicon, copper, molybdenum, nitrogen, cerium, iron.
2. a kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick according to claim 1 is characterized in that: composition for its material mixture ratio is: carbon: 0.05-0.10%; Chromium: 11-15%; Nickel: 6-9%; Manganese: 1-2.5%; Silicon: 0.3-1.0%; Copper: 2-3.5%; Molybdenum: 1.8-2.8%; Nitrogen: 0.03-0.2%; Cerium: 0.01-0.03%; P≤0.03%; S≤0.03%; Surplus is an iron.
3. a kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: composition for its material mixture ratio is: chromium: 13.31%, nickel: 6.96%, manganese: 1.36%, silicon: 0.78%, copper: 2.46%, molybdenum: 2.33, carbon: 0.078%, nitrogen: 0.078, cerium: 0.019%, surplus is an iron.
4. a kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: composition for its material mixture ratio is: chromium: 12.10%, nickel: 7.26%, manganese: 2.01%, silicon: 0.43%, copper: 3.12%, molybdenum: 2.33, carbon: 0.063%, nitrogen 0.11, cerium 0.029%, surplus are iron.
5. welding method that adopts the described a kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick of claim 1; it is characterized in that: adopt argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG) method; welding current 120A; weldingvoltage 17V; speed of welding 18 carbon m/min, protective gas is the argon gas of purity 99.9%, flow is 12L/min; high 6mm is piled in 4 layers of built-up welding.
6. welding method that adopts the described a kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick of claim 1; it is characterized in that: adopt argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG) method to carry out built-up welding; welding current 130A; weldingvoltage 17V; speed of welding 16 carbon m/min, protective gas is the argon gas of purity 99.9%, flow is 15L/min; high 4mm is piled in 3 layers of built-up welding.
7. welding method that adopts the described a kind of cavitation-corrosion-resistant stainless steel welding stick of claim 1; it is characterized in that: adopt argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG) method to carry out built-up welding; welding current 120A; weldingvoltage 13V; speed of welding 20 carbon m/min, protective gas are argon gas+2% nitrogen of purity 98%, and flow is 13L/min; high 4mm is piled in 3 layers of built-up welding.
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| CN112935624A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-11 | 天津市金桥焊材集团股份有限公司 | Aluminum-control low-slag gas-protection solid welding wire for automobile industry |
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