CN102009112B - Method for thickening annular outer edge of circular plate - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for thickening the annular outer edge of a circular plate belongs to a plate forging forming method and solves the problems of harsh blanking and excessive spinning passes of the conventional method for thickening the outer edge of the circular plate. The invention arranges N rolling wheels on the outer edge of the round plate, each rolling wheel is provided with an annular rolling groove, the section of each rolling groove is in an open rectangle shape, the round plate is positioned in the rolling groove and rotates around a self longitudinal shaft, the N rolling wheels feed and extrude the outer edge of the round plate in the radial direction in sequence, after one rolling wheel feeds and extrudes in the radial direction and withdraws, the next rolling wheel feeds and extrudes in the radial direction and withdraws, and the annular outer edge of the round plate is thickened in sequence. The method for producing the disc-shaped or ring-shaped part can be completed by adopting fewer steps if the thickness is increased to be smaller, the defect of incomplete filling of the outer edge does not exist in the forming process, the waste product cannot be formed even if the blank is slightly smaller, and the blanking requirement is reduced. The product produced by the invention has high strength, is not influenced by welding process, has stable quality, saves materials and saves energy.

Description

A method for thickening the annular outer edge of circular sheet metal

technical field

The invention belongs to a plate forging forming method, in particular to a method for thickening the annular outer edge of a circular plate.

Background technique

Spin forming technology is usually used to form rotary cylinder or disk. Many people have studied the spinning forming technology of cylindrical parts, see ① Xia Qinxiang et al. Numerical simulation and experimental research on single-pass deep-drawing and spinning of conical parts, Forging Technology, 2010, 35(1): 44 -49, (2); ②Luo Duyu, Xia Qinxiang. Research on Process Parameters of Drawing and Spinning Cup Based on Orthogonal Test. Precision Forming Technology, 2010, (2): 43-48; ③Zhang Yanqiu, Jiang Shuyong, Sun Jinfeng, etc. Thin-walled Research on multi-pass ball spinning forming mechanism of cylindrical parts. Forging Technology, 2010, 35(2): 55-58; ④Liu Tao, Long Siyuan, Li Bing. Spinning forming process and die design of magnesium alloy cylindrical parts. Mold Technology, 2010(2): 29-31; ⑤ Yang Kun, Li Jian. Multi-pass spinning process of TA2 cylindrical parts based on finite element method. Journal of Plastic Engineering, 2010, 17(2): 39-45 .

In terms of pipe forming, patent Z100806529.2 discloses a method of forming a pipe end by spinning, which rotates the pipe around a longitudinal axis, and heats the end of the pipe, by bending along a series of The path moves the forming part back and forth to form the end of the pipe; patent ZL01144104.6 discloses a method for cliff sealing of large-diameter thin-walled pipes, that is, heating the sealing part of the pipe, and then using three or four rounds of spinning to seal and then cut off.

In the spinning of disc-shaped parts, Xia Qinxiang and others developed a spinning forming technology for pulleys, (see: ①Xia Qinxiang, Cheng Xiuquan. Device for spinning of pulleys. Patent No.: ZL200720058970.2; ②Zhou Sicong, Xia Qinxiang et al. Research on Embedded Open CNC System for Pulley Spinning Machine Tool. Machine Tools and Hydraulics. 2009, 37(5): 11-14; Influence of Waist Drum Forming. Mold Industry. 2010, 36(1): 26-31,) is about to form a deep-drawn part into a multi-ribbed pulley by spinning; Huang Liang, Chen Yunfei, etc. study a V-shaped split spinning Forming technology (see: ①Huang Liang, Yang He et al. Research Progress in Fractal Spinning Forming Technology. Materials Science and Technology. 2008, 16(4): 476-480; ②Chen Yunfei, Wen Tong et al. V-shaped split pulley Analysis of the spinning forming process. Metal Casting Forging and Welding Technology. 2009, (1): 88-90), that is, using a rotary wheel with a hard sharp corner to gradually radially advance the rectangular section edge of the rotating circular blank. Squeeze it in to separate it into two parts of "Y" shape, and then use 1 to 3 forming rollers to shape and spin it to obtain a forming method of the required shape and size parts. Although there are many researches on spinning, none of the above technologies involves methods of thickening circular sheets.

Patents US5904060, US6016602A, WO9622847A, US6925713B and Chinese patent application 95192246.7 disclose a rolling wheel using a V-shaped groove. As the number of passes increases, the opening angle of the V-shaped groove becomes larger and larger, and finally the method of spinning into a rectangle. In this method, when the increased thickness is small, multiple spinning is still required; when the blank is changed from a V shape to a rectangle, if the blank is too small, it is easy to cause insufficient filling on the outside of the rim, resulting in waste products and excessive blanking. , it will cause the radial force of the rotary rolling to be too large, which will increase the bearing requirements of the main shaft and accelerate the wear of the main shaft, so the blanking is harsh.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a method for thickening the annular outer edge of a circular plate, which solves the problems of harsh blanking and too many spinning passes existing in the existing method for thickening the annular outer edge of a circular plate, and is used for the production of flywheel ring gears. The edges of disc-shaped or ring-shaped parts such as blanks and belt pulley blanks are thickened.

A method for thickening the annular outer edge of a circular sheet material according to the present invention, N rolling wheels are arranged on the outer edge of the circular sheet material, each rolling wheel has an annular rolling groove, and the circular sheet material rotates around its longitudinal axis , N≥1; characterized in that:

The N rolling wheels feed and extrude the outer edge of the circular sheet one by one. After one rolling wheel feeds and squeezes in the radial direction and exits, the next rolling wheel feeds and squeezes in the radial direction and exits to thicken the circle in turn. Shaped sheet circular outer edge;

The cross-sectional shape of the rolling groove is an open rectangle, and the circular plate is located in the rolling groove.

The method for thickening the annular outer edge of the circular plate is characterized in that:

The number N of the rolling wheels is:

表示对括号内的数值向上取整，K＝1.015～1.020，材料塑性越好，K取值越大，t₀为圆形板料初始厚度，t_N为圆形板料环形外缘最终厚度，d_N为圆形板料最终直径，d为圆形板料未增厚部分的直径，d₀为圆形板料初始直径：in,

Indicates that the values in the brackets are rounded up, K=1.015~1.020, the better the material plasticity, the larger the value of K, t ₀ is the initial thickness of the circular sheet, t _N is the final thickness of the circular outer edge of the circular sheet, d _N is the final diameter of the circular sheet, d is the diameter of the unthickened part of the circular sheet, and _d0 is the initial diameter of the circular sheet:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="d"\; filenames="HDA0000029218780000011.png,HDA0000029218780000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

The depth of the opening rectangle of the rolling groove of the nth rolling wheel is (d _n -d)/2, 1≤n≤N;

In the formula, after the nth roller feeds and squeezes and exits, the diameter d _n of the circular outer edge of the circular sheet is:

d _n =(d _n-1 +d)/kd, the deformation parameter k is:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt[\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}]{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>$

The width t _n of the opening rectangle of the rolling groove of the nth rolling wheel is:

t _n =k×(d _n-1 -d)×t _n-1 /(d _n -d);

The feed rate of the nth rolling wheel is (d _n-1 -d _n )/2, and the feed speed is 0.01-0.10 mm/rotation.

The method for thickening the annular outer edge of a circular plate is characterized in that:

The rotational speed of the spindle for clamping the circular plate is 400-600 rpm.

When adopting the spinning thickening of the present invention, the round sheet material with good plasticity, such as 08AL, can be directly used for spinning; for the circular sheet material with poor plasticity, such as 45# steel, it needs to be spheroidized and annealed first Then spin.

Using the present invention to produce disc-shaped or ring-shaped parts whose outer edge is thicker than the middle, if the increased thickness is small, fewer steps can be used to complete it. In addition, in the forming process, there is no defect that the outer edge is not filled enough, and the blank is even slightly biased. Small, still will not form waste products, reducing the requirements for blanking.

Adopting the present invention to produce disc-shaped or ring-shaped parts whose outer edge is thicker than the middle has obvious advantages. For example, when using this process to manufacture a flywheel disc, the ring gear blank and the connecting disc can be integrally formed, and then the ring gear can be formed by machining or tooth rolling . The traditional production method is that the connection disc is formed by stamping, and the ring gear is formed by punching a thick plate into a ring shape, then cutting the teeth to form, and finally welding the ring gear and the connection disc, so the material utilization rate is less than 40%, and welding is difficult Guaranteed connection accuracy. Therefore, the products produced by the invention have high strength, are not affected by the welding process, have stable quality, save materials and save energy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the forming schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a four-pass spinning thickening system;

Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the principle of spinning symmetrical thickening forming;

Figure 3(b) to Figure 3(e) are schematic diagrams of the four-pass spinning symmetrical thickening forming process;

Figure 4(a) is a schematic diagram of the principle of asymmetric thickening forming;

Figure 4(b) to Figure 4(e) are schematic diagrams of the four-pass spinning asymmetric thickening forming process.

Detailed ways

The forming principle of the present invention is shown in Figure 1: the circular plate 2 is placed on the lower main shaft 3, the upper main shaft 1 goes down, and rotates together with the lower main shaft 3 after clamping the circular plate 2, and the rolling wheel with an annular rolling groove 4 feed in the radial direction until it reaches a predetermined position and exit, and the rolling wheel 4 is passively rotated.

As shown in Figure 2, it is an embodiment of the present invention, the first rolling wheel 4-1 is set on the circular plate outer edge, the second rolling wheel 4-2, the third rolling wheel 4-3, the fourth rolling wheel 4 -4; Each rolling wheel has an annular rolling groove. During the forming process, after the circular sheet 2 is clamped by the upper spindle 1 and the lower spindle 3, the circular sheet 2 rotates with the spindle, and the four rolling wheels are sequentially Action, the first rolling wheel feeds and extrudes in the radial direction until the part of the circular sheet material outside the 2 spindles is clamped and thickened, and then exits along the original path, then the second rolling wheel 4-2, the third rolling The wheel 4-3 and the fourth rolling wheel 4-4 perform the same actions as the first rolling wheel 4-1 in sequence until the formed part of the sheet metal is thickened to the final requirement.

As shown in Figure 3(a), when spinning, the middle plane 5 of the circular sheet 2 coincides with the middle plane 6 of the rolling groove of the rolling wheel 4 to achieve symmetrical spinning thickening.

Taking the spinning symmetrical thickening process shown in Fig. 3(b) to Fig. 3(e) as an example, the design of relevant parameters of the present invention is described.

The material of the circular plate 2 is No. 35 steel, the original thickness is t ₀ =2.5mm, the final thickness of the rim after spinning is t _N =8.5mm, the diameter d=242mm, d _N =260mm.

(1) First determine the initial diameter d ₀ of the circular sheet:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="d"\; filenames="HDA0000029218780000011.png,HDA0000029218780000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}$

$<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 8.5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 260</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 242</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2.5</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 242</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}$

$<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 298.8</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; mm</span>}$

Then determine the number of spinning times N, No. 35 steel has better plasticity, and the initial value of K is 1.02,

Therefore, four times of spinning are required, and the deformation parameter k value is determined according to the N value:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt[\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}]{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>}$

$\sqrt[\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}]{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 260</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 242</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 8.5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 298.8</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 242</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2.5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>}$

$<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1.019</span>}$

(2) Determine the diameter of the circular outer edge of each pass circular sheet material, the thickness of the annular outer edge of each pass circular sheet material;

As shown in Figure 3(b), the diameter d ₁ of the circular outer edge of the circular sheet after the first spinning is:

d ₁ =(d ₀ +d)/kd

=(298.8+242)/1.019-242,

=288.72mm

Thickness t ₁ of the annular outer edge of the circular sheet after the first spinning:

t ₁ =k×(d ₀ -d)×t ₀ /(d ₁ -d)

=1.019×(298.8-242)×2.5/(288.72-242);

=3.10mm

As shown in Figure 3(c), the diameter d ₂ of the circular outer edge of the circular sheet after the second spinning is:

d ₂ =(d ₁ +d)/kd

=(288.72+242)/1.019-242,

=278.82mm

Thickness t ₂ of the annular outer edge of the circular sheet after the second spinning:

t ₂ =k×(d ₀ -d)×t ₀ /(d ₂ -d)

=1.019g(298.8-242)g2.5/(278.82-242);

=3.92mm

As shown in Figure 3(d), the diameter d ₃ of the circular outer edge of the circular sheet after the third spinning:

d ₃ =(d ₂ +d)/kd

=(278.82+242)/1.019-242,

=269.12mm

Thickness t ₃ of the annular outer edge of the circular sheet after the third spinning:

t ₃ =k×(d ₀ -d)×t ₀ /(d ₃ -d)

=1.019×(298.8-242)×2.5/(269.12-242);

=5.34mm

As shown in Figure 3(e), the diameter of the circular outer edge of the circular sheet after the fourth spinning is d ₄ =d _N =130mm,

After the fourth spinning, the thickness of the annular outer edge of the circular sheet t ₄ =t _N =8.5mm;

Wherein t _n /t _n-1 = λ _n is the thickening ratio, (n is the number of times of thickening), considering that the closer to the previous spinning, the greater the ratio of the width to the thickness of the spinning part of the slab, that is The larger (d ₀ -d ₀ )/(2t _n-1 ) is, the easier it is to lose stability, so λ _n-1 ≤λ _n ≤1.

The feed speed of the rolling wheel in each pass is 0.02mm/rotation; the spindle speed for clamping the circular sheet in each pass is 500rpm.

As shown in Figure 4(a), when spinning, the middle surface 5 of the circular sheet 2 and the middle surface 6 of the rolling groove of the rolling wheel 4 do not coincide to achieve asymmetrical spinning thickening. Figure 4(b) to Figure 4(e) are schematic diagrams of the four-pass spinning asymmetric thickening forming process.

The design of relevant parameters is shown in Figure 4(b) to Figure 4(e), which is the same as the method of spinning symmetrical thickening shown in Figure 3(b) to Figure 3(e).

The feed speed of the rolling wheel in each pass is 0.01mm/rotation; the spindle speed for clamping the circular sheet in each pass is 600rpm.

Claims (2)

1. A method for thickening the annular outer edge of a circular plate comprises the steps that N rolling wheels are arranged on the outer edge of the circular plate, each rolling wheel is provided with an annular rolling groove, the circular plate rotates around a longitudinal shaft of the circular plate, and N is larger than or equal to 1; the method is characterized in that:

the N rolling wheels are sequentially fed to extrude the outer edge of the circular plate, after one rolling wheel is fed along the radial direction to extrude and withdraw, the next rolling wheel is fed along the radial direction to extrude and withdraw, and the annular outer edge of the circular plate is sequentially thickened;

the section of the rolling groove is in an open rectangle shape, and the circular plate is positioned in the rolling groove;

the number N of the rolling wheels is as follows:

wherein,

the numerical value in the parentheses is rounded upwards, the K is 1.015-1.020, the material plasticity is better, the value of the K is larger, and t is larger₀Is the initial thickness, t, of the circular plate_NIs the final thickness of the annular outer edge of the circular plate, d_NIs the final diameter of the circular plate, d is the diameter of the non-thickened part of the circular plate, d₀Initial diameter for circular sheet:

$d_0=\sqrt{\frac{t_N(d_N^2-d^2)}{t_0}+d^2};$

the opening rectangle of the nth rolling wheel groove has the depth of (d)_n-d)/2，1≤n≤N；

In the formula, after the nth rolling wheel feeds, extrudes and retreats, the diameter d of the annular outer edge of the circular plate material_nComprises the following steps:

d_n＝(d_n-1+ d)/k-d, the deformation parameter k is:

<math> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mroot> <mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mi>N</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>N</mi> </msub> <mo>/</mo> <mo>[</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </mroot> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math>

width t of opening rectangle of nth rolling wheel groove_nComprises the following steps:

t_n＝k×(d_n-1-d)×t_n-1/(d_n-d)；

the feed amount of the nth rolling wheel is (d)_n-1-d_n) And/2, the feeding speed is 0.01-0.10 mm/rotation.

2. The method for thickening the annular outer edge of the circular sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the rotating speed of a main shaft for clamping the circular plate is 400-600 rpm.

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