CN102005631B - Base of waveguide sideband-separating superconducting tunnel junction mixer - Google Patents
Base of waveguide sideband-separating superconducting tunnel junction mixer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102005631B CN102005631B CN 201010509654 CN201010509654A CN102005631B CN 102005631 B CN102005631 B CN 102005631B CN 201010509654 CN201010509654 CN 201010509654 CN 201010509654 A CN201010509654 A CN 201010509654A CN 102005631 B CN102005631 B CN 102005631B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
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- H03D7/005—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing by means of superconductive devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a waveguide sideband-separation superconducting tunnel junction mixer, which is characterized in that the central position of an input end face of a base of the mixer is provided with a first waveguide input inlet and a second waveguide input inlet; a first signal waveguide and a second signal waveguide extend forwards from the waveguide input inlets along the direction perpendicular to the input end face of the base; then, the first and second signal waveguides are subject to the first vertical bending along opposite directions and then respectively extend leftwards and rightwards to the left and right ends of the base; finally, after the first and second signal waveguides are subject to two vertical bending again, the widths of the signal waveguides gradually decrease, and the extensions of the signal waveguides are ended until the first and second signal waveguides extend to the position near a longitudinal axis of the base; a first reference signal waveguide extends backwards along the direction perpendicular to the front end face of the base, and then is divided into a second reference signal waveguide and a third reference signal waveguide by a local oscillator divider; the second reference signal waveguide and the third reference signal waveguide are subject to vertical bending after extending to the position near the first signal waveguide and the second signal waveguide subjected to the first bending; and then the extensions of the second and third reference signal waveguides are ended after extending to the positions of the first and second signal waveguides subjected to the second vertical bending along the directions parallel to the first and second signal waveguides respectively extending leftwards and rightwards.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of microwave waveguide components, particularly a kind of superconducting tunnel junction frequency mixer that utilizes realizes going up the microwave mixer pedestal that lower sideband separates output.
Background technology
The Detection of Weak Signals technology of millimeter wave and submillimeter region is a key technology of radio astronomy observation, in fields such as atmospheric environment, resources remote sensings potential using value is arranged also simultaneously.The superconducting tunnel junction frequency mixer is one of the sensitiveest detector of this frequency range, therefore is widely used in the signal transducer of the radio telescope receiving system of millimere-wave band and submillimeter region as the first order.The superconduction mixting circuit form that is adopted at present mainly contains three kinds: double-side band mixing, single sideband mixing and the mixing of sideband divergence type.The signal of two sidebands up and down that the double-side band mixing will be imported is sneaked into same intermediate frequency port output through frequency conversion; Single sideband mixer is only exported through frequency conversion upper sideband or lower sideband input signal by intermediate frequency port, the signal of another sideband is suppressed; Sideband divergence type frequency mixer then with behind the signal frequency conversion of two sidebands respectively by independently two medium frequency output end mouths output.Because sideband divergence type frequency mixer can be avoided the interference of two sidebands, therefore have spectral line receiving sensitivity height, anti-spectral aliasing and calibration accuracy advantages of higher, in radio telescope receiving system of new generation, obtain practical application.
Sideband divergence type frequency mixer is realized the basic principle reference that sideband separates: R.L. Akeson; Etc.; " Development of a sideband separation receiver at 100 GHz; " Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium On Space Terahertz Technology, pp. 12-17, March 1993.Input signal at first is divided into the identical and two-way of quadrature in phase of power through 3dB quadrature coupling electric bridge, and the tunnel junction that encourages through two homophase reference signals (local oscillation signal) respectively carries out mixing.The output of two intermediate frequencies can realize the separation of sideband once more behind the quadrature hybrid electric bridge through an intermediate frequency, last lower sideband by two independently the medium frequency output end mouth export.
Sideband divergence type frequency mixer main body (comprising pedestal and mixing chip) realizes the optical mixing process before the intermediate frequency mixed electrical bridge.Common waveguide type frequency mixer main body comprises a frequency mixer pedestal (integrated branch line orthocoupler, local oscillation power distributor in the pedestal; The local oscillator coupler) and the tunnel junction mixer chip; For example: Shinichiro Asayama; Etc., " An Integrated Sideband-Separating SIS mixer Based on Waveguide Split Block for 100 GHz Band, " ALMA Memo #453.Can realize basic function though existing waveguide type sideband separates frequency mixer, but still have following shortcoming.At first, existing waveguide type sideband separates frequency mixer does not still have the magnetic field biasing.Therefore the superconducting tunnel junction mixing receives the influence of Josephson effect easily, causes receiver noise temperature to increase and stability decreases.Even if in lower frequency (such as the 100GHz frequency range), the influence of Josephson electric current is smaller, externally-applied magnetic field also is good to improving receiver stability.This is that the gain of tunnel junction itself is very high because in lower frequency range.Too high gain possibly cause two ill effects: the one, and gain saturation, dynamic range reduces; The 2nd, the tunnel junction dynamic electric resistor is high, and direct current biasing is easy to generate vibration, causes receiver unstable.And use externally-applied magnetic field can under the prerequisite that does not influence the noise of tunnel junction own, reduce gain, thereby improve the linear of gain, improve stability.Existing waveguide type sideband separates frequency mixer biasing comparatively difficulty in magnetic field is set, and main cause is that two mixer chip distance separating are far away, uses a magnet to be difficult to take into account two mixer chip.Second shortcoming be, because existing waveguide type sideband separates the position of two mixer chip of frequency mixer near the input of frequency mixer main body, so intermediate frequency output is difficult to draw from the rear end of frequency mixer main body; Thereby intermediate frequency output can only be arranged on input end face; Like Shinichiro Asayama, etc., " An Integrated Sideband-Separating SIS mixer Based on Waveguide Split Block for 100 GHz Band; " ALMA Memo #453; Or side such as Vessen V. Vassilev, etc., " Performance of a sideband separating SIS mixer for 85-115GHz ".Cause the outside lead complications to unroll like this, comparatively complicated.In the application of many pixels receiver, such as the situation of focal plane array receiver, existing structure is difficult to integrated and can not uses.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is: on the basis of existing waveguide type sideband divergence type frequency mixer, increase the magnetic field biasing; Solve because the mixer noiser that the Josephson electric current causes increases and because too high gain compression of bringing of gain and stability decreases; Make intermediate frequency output to draw simultaneously, make new structure be suitable for the requirement of frequency mixer arrayed applications from the frequency mixer back body.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is: the waveguide type sideband separates superconducting tunnel junction frequency mixer pedestal, comprises pedestal and mixer chip, and said pedestal surrounds internal cavity by top base and bottom base, constitutes microwave mix;
Said internal cavity is: at the pars intermedia of pedestal; The central part of the input end face of pedestal is provided with the first and second input waveguide mouths; First, second signal wave-guides is extended forward from the input waveguide mouth along the direction perpendicular to the pedestal input end face, is provided with the mixed electrical bridge structure between first, second signal wave-guides; First, second signal wave-guides is carried out the vertical bending first time with opposite direction; Extend to the left and right end portions of pedestal respectively left and to the right, through extending forward after the vertical bending for the second time, first, second signal wave-guides is again through extending to the pedestal center after the vertical bending for the third time in opposite directions again for first, second signal wave-guides; Width reduces gradually, extends near the termination of pedestal longitudinal axis; Pars intermedia up and down at pedestal; The central part of the output end face of pedestal is provided with reference signal input waveguide mouth; The first reference signal waveguide extends back with the direction perpendicular to front end face; Behind the local oscillator distributor, be divided into second, third reference signal waveguide, second, third reference signal waveguide extends near first, second signal wave-guides after the bending for the first time, vertically bends; Extend with first, second signal wave-guides parallel direction of extending to the left and right respectively on the edge, and the for the second time vertical kink of extremely said first, second signal wave-guides stops; At the position that extends in parallel of signal wave-guides and reference signal waveguide, be provided with the fluting coupler between the said second reference signal waveguide and first signal wave-guides, between said the 3rd reference signal waveguide and secondary signal waveguide, be provided with the fluting coupler; At bottom base, the terminal of first, second signal wave-guides is respectively equipped with mounting groove, and mixer chip is inserted mounting groove; Be provided with left and right circuit board space in the front portion of upper and lower pedestal; Be provided with left and right circuit board in the left and right circuit board space of bottom base; The output signal of mixer chip is imported left and right circuit board, and the output of left and right circuit board connects two signal outputs of pedestal front end face; The said second input waveguide mouth is provided with the terminal matched load; The top base end face is provided with embedded hole near the position of mixer chip, is provided with permanent magnet in the embedded hole.
As further improvement of the present invention, the terminal of said second, third reference signal waveguide is provided with the terminal matched load, and the terminal matched load that unnecessary reference signal is placed in the waveguide absorbs.The epoxy resin that the terminal matched load adopts magnetic-particle to fill is processed into wedge shape, realizes the absorption that 20dB is above.
The present invention further specifies as follows: waveguide type sideband divergence type frequency mixer pedestal goes out after going into before being, the end face at input waveguide mouth place is an input, and an end in contrast is the input and the medium frequency output end of reference signal.Signal is by the two-way that is divided into quadrature in phase after the input waveguide input through a branch line 3dB quadrature hybrid electric bridge, to extending with two perpendicular opposite directions of input waveguide.Reference signal is imported by the rear portion, behind the local oscillator distributor, is divided into synchronous two-way, and an end in contrast is the input and the medium frequency output end of reference signal.Signal is by the two-way that is divided into quadrature in phase after the input waveguide input through a branch line 3dB quadrature hybrid electric bridge, to extending with two perpendicular opposite directions of input waveguide.Reference signal is imported by the rear portion, behind the local oscillator distributor, is divided into synchronous two-way, and is parallel respectively with two signal wave-guides, and the mode through fluting with reference signal is coupled in the signal wave-guides.The absorbing load that unnecessary reference signal is placed in the waveguide absorbs.Signal wave-guides bends near the two ends of frequency mixer main body, advances in the opposite direction, reduces height simultaneously, carries out necessary impedance matching, and stops in the position near frequency mixer pedestal symmetry axis.Embed mixer chip at the terminal of two waveguides, realized like this two mixing chips spatially near, help carrying out the magnetic field biasing.Intermediate-freuqncy signal after the mixing is through built-in Bias-T circuit, from the intermediate frequency joint output at rear portion.
Position in the outside of frequency mixer pedestal near mixer chip is provided with permanent magnet through the mode that embeds, because permanent magnet is fully near two mixer chip, the tunnel junction on two chips can obtain identical magnetic field biasing.This waveguide circuit design that bends backward just because of inside just is achieved.Simultaneously,, make mixer chip can be arranged in the position after waveguiding structure leans on, thereby realized the rear end output of intermediate frequency easily because waveguide bends to the rear end of frequency mixer pedestal.
The beneficial effect of this invention is: use the single permanent magnet waveguide type sideband of setovering simultaneously to separate two superconducting tunnel junctions of frequency mixer; Can avoid because the noise that the Josephson electric current is caused in higher frequency; Can improve the linear of gain in lower frequency; Improve dynamic range, increase the stability of system.Simultaneously owing to adopted the waveguiding structure of bending, make intermediate frequency output be able to draw from the rear portion of frequency mixer main body, the structure that goes out after going into before such has satisfied the superintegrated requirement of arrayed applications.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention structural representation;
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the invention limit pedestal output end structure and permanent magnet position view;
Fig. 3 is an embodiment of the invention low pedestal structure sketch map;
Fig. 4 is an embodiment of the invention low pedestal structure sketch map;
Fig. 5 is an embodiment of the invention base interior matched load structure chart.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the structural diagrams intention of waveguide type sideband divergence type frequency mixer.The waveguide type sideband separates the frequency mixer pedestal and is spliced by last bottom base 1,2.Last bottom base machines the gold-plated lossy microwave rising to prevent that surface oxidation from causing in back by the processing of red copper embryo.The Mosaic face of last bottom base is the plane through rectangular waveguide broadside center.Signal is by the signal input waveguide mouth 3a input at standard waveguide flange 3 centers, and another waveguide mouth 3b fills microwave absorbing material.Reference signal is by 6 inputs of waveguide mouth among standard waveguide flange Fig. 2 of rear end.Two intermediate-freuqncy signals are respectively by SMA first joint 5 and 7 outputs of second joint.Have a cylindrical embedded hole in the central upper portion position of top base 1, embedded permanent magnet 4 is used for superconducting tunnel junction (being positioned at superconduction chip 13,14) is carried out the magnetic field biasing.The size in magnetic field can be regulated the magnet insert depth or chosen the suitable magnetic material of magnetic.What this example was chosen is neodymium iron boron magnetic body.
Fig. 3 has shown the internal structure of bottom base 2.Signal input is after branch line quadrature bridge 8 is divided into the two-way that quadrature in phase, power equate; Reference signal is divided into the two-way that phase place is identical, power equates through power divider 15.Signal road and reference arm are coupled through fluting coupler 9,10 respectively, and the reference signal with about 1% is introduced signal wave-guides.Unnecessary reference signal is absorbed by matched load 16 and 17.Signal wave-guides is turned back at right ends 11,12 places of pedestal, after reducing (being used for impedance matching) gradually, ends at the both sides of reference signal input waveguide. Embed mixer chip 13,14 at the terminal of signal wave-guides and accomplish mixing.The intermediate-freuqncy signal of mixing out is through the sub-miniature A connector 5,7 of Bias- T circuit board 16,17 arrival rear ends.
Fig. 4 has shown the internal structure of top base 1.Because last bottom base is to be symmetrical set, its divisional plane is also to be the plane of symmetry of waveguide, so the internal structure of top base 1 and bottom base 2 are much at one.Different is: (1) is because mixer chip embeds bottom base 2, so the mounting groove of top base 1 interior no superconduction mixing chip; (2) absorbing load that is used for the absorbing redundant signal all is fixed in the bottom base 2, no absorbing load in the top base 1; (3) the Bias-T circuit board is installed in the bottom base 2, and the position corresponding with the Bias-T circuit board is provided with the space 19,20 of sinking in the top base 1, is used for placement space to the circuit element in the Bias-T being provided.
Matched load 16,17,18 structures in terminal are identical, the epoxy resin that adopts magnetic-particle to fill, the ECCOSORB that Emerson& Cuming company produces
TMMF117.This material has enough hardness to carry out machining.With materials processing wedgewise (see figure 5), realize the absorption that 20dB is above.The bottom of wedge carries out the transition to the inside dimension of waveguide gradually, enables the complete filling waveguide, and is aided with epoxy glue, makes it to be fixed in the waveguide.
Claims (3)
1. the waveguide type sideband separates superconducting tunnel junction frequency mixer pedestal, comprises pedestal and mixer chip, it is characterized in that said pedestal surrounds internal cavity by top base and bottom base, constitutes the waveguide type mixting circuit;
Said internal cavity is: at the pars intermedia of pedestal; The central part of the input end face of pedestal is provided with the first and second input waveguide mouths; First, second signal wave-guides is extended forward from the input waveguide mouth along the direction perpendicular to the pedestal input end face, is provided with the mixed electrical bridge structure between first, second signal wave-guides; First, second signal wave-guides is carried out the vertical bending first time with opposite direction; Extend to the left and right end portions of pedestal respectively left and to the right, through extending forward after the vertical bending for the second time, first, second signal wave-guides is again through extending to the pedestal center after the vertical bending for the third time in opposite directions again for first, second signal wave-guides; Width reduces gradually, extends near the termination of pedestal longitudinal axis; Pars intermedia up and down at pedestal; The central part of the output end face of pedestal is provided with reference signal input waveguide mouth; The first reference signal waveguide extends back with the direction perpendicular to front end face; Behind the local oscillator distributor, be divided into second, third reference signal waveguide, second, third reference signal waveguide extends near first, second signal wave-guides after the bending for the first time, vertically bends; Extend with first, second signal wave-guides parallel direction of extending to the left and right respectively on the edge, and the for the second time vertical kink of extremely said first, second signal wave-guides stops; At the position that extends in parallel of signal wave-guides and reference signal waveguide, be provided with the fluting coupler between the said second reference signal waveguide and first signal wave-guides, between said the 3rd reference signal waveguide and secondary signal waveguide, be provided with the fluting coupler; At bottom base, the terminal of first, second signal wave-guides is respectively equipped with mounting groove, and mixer chip is inserted mounting groove; Be provided with left and right circuit board space in the front portion of upper and lower pedestal; Be provided with left and right circuit board in the left and right circuit board space of bottom base; The output signal of mixer chip is imported left and right circuit board, and the output of left and right circuit board connects two signal outputs of pedestal front end face; The said second input waveguide mouth is provided with the terminal matched load; The top base end face is provided with embedded hole near the position of mixer chip, is provided with permanent magnet in the embedded hole.
2. waveguide type sideband according to claim 1 separates superconducting tunnel junction frequency mixer pedestal, it is characterized in that the terminal of said second, third reference signal waveguide is provided with the terminal matched load.
3. waveguide type sideband according to claim 2 separates superconducting tunnel junction frequency mixer pedestal, it is characterized in that, and the epoxy resin that the terminal matched load adopts magnetic-particle to fill, and be processed to wedge shape.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010509654 CN102005631B (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Base of waveguide sideband-separating superconducting tunnel junction mixer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010509654 CN102005631B (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Base of waveguide sideband-separating superconducting tunnel junction mixer |
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| CN102005631A CN102005631A (en) | 2011-04-06 |
| CN102005631B true CN102005631B (en) | 2012-11-21 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10103730B1 (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2018-10-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Lossless variable transmission reflection switch controlled by the phase of a microwave drive |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102868416B (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2014-08-06 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Integrated heterodyne array receiver of millimeter and sub-millimeter wave bands |
| CN103022604B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-12-24 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Compact type low-temperature second harmonic mixer base |
| CN103219587B (en) * | 2013-04-07 | 2015-06-03 | 北京理工大学 | Terahertz front-end integrated receiving device based on bulk silicon MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) technical antenna |
| CN107276540B (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2023-06-13 | 四川久成泰安科技有限公司 | Terahertz image frequency suppression mixing circuit |
| US10320383B2 (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2019-06-11 | International Business Machines Corporation | Lossless switch controlled by the phase of a microwave drive |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1491453A (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2004-04-21 | Nrd技术有限公司 | NRD guide mixer |
| CN101609916A (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2009-12-23 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of 18-40GHz double balanced mixer of star structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2003084053A2 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-09 | Farran Technology Limited | 'an upconverter' |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1491453A (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2004-04-21 | Nrd技术有限公司 | NRD guide mixer |
| CN101609916A (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2009-12-23 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of 18-40GHz double balanced mixer of star structure |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10103730B1 (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2018-10-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Lossless variable transmission reflection switch controlled by the phase of a microwave drive |
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