CN102002643A - Thermocouple protection tube resisting high temperature and corrosion and production method thereof - Google Patents
Thermocouple protection tube resisting high temperature and corrosion and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102002643A CN102002643A CN201010594136.1A CN201010594136A CN102002643A CN 102002643 A CN102002643 A CN 102002643A CN 201010594136 A CN201010594136 A CN 201010594136A CN 102002643 A CN102002643 A CN 102002643A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermocouple protection pipe resisting high temperature and corrosion and a production method thereof. The material of thermocouple protection pipe comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2-0.4% of C, 0.4-0.6% of Si, 0.3-0.5% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S, 27-29% of Cr, 19-21% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.30% of Mo, less than or equal to 0.10% of V, less than or equal to 0.40% of Ti, less than or equal to 0.10% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.04% of Al, less than or equal to 0.05% of Re and the balance Fe and impurities, wherein the total content of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.10%. The production method comprises the steps of preparing alloy steel and casting and moulding. Experiments prove that the service life of the thermocouple protected by the material of the thermocouple protection pipe is about 30 months.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of protecting tube, relate in particular to a kind of high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant protecting tube and production method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the progress of science and technology, temperature measurement technology is also developed rapidly, formed from put line, by line to face, from outward appearance to inner essence, development trend from wired to wireless.In contact and contactless two big series products, the contact thermocouple that has a large capacity and a wide range has obtained development fast in the modern technologies development.But thermopair because of its stable performance, accurately and reliably, advantages such as wide, the signal teletransmission of simple in structure, easy to use, temperature-measuring range, in fields such as industrial production and scientific research, become most widely used temperature-sensing element.In its thermometric process, protecting tube is being brought into play important effect.The protective tube material property influences every performance index such as thermopair permanent stability, work-ing life.The thermopair of particularly at high temperature working has the requirement of more increasing to its material.The Problem of Failure of the thermocouple sheath under the how economical and practical solution hot environment.According to the relevant data statistics, thermopair is in normal useful range, and the height of its spoilage directly depends on the excellence of protective tube material property.Therefore, protective tube is to influence the thermopair most critical factor in work-ing life in actual use.
Protecting tube mainly contains two kinds of purposes, and the one, prevent to suffer physical damage; The 2nd, the protection thermopair is avoided the harmful effect of measured medium chemical corrosion, not oxidated atmosphere or reducing atmosphere, and thermopair is in as far as possible near in its best atmosphere.Therefore thermopair must be protected, and makes it not to be subjected to the infringement of bad atmosphere.Protecting tube can be divided into three kinds by its material:
(1) metal: physical strength height, good heat conductivity, application are very extensive, but working temperature is lower.
(2) nonmetal: how adopting during temperature survey more than 1000 ℃, resistance toheat is good, and poor, the poor thermal conductivity of pinking is difficult for processing and installs.
(3) sintering metal: because metal material mechanics intensity height, but non-refractory; Non-metallic material are high temperature resistant, but physical strength is low.
At present, the process for making shell that adopts in the domestic lost-wax casting spare production has following 3 kinds: (1) sodium silicate shell; (2) composite shell; (3) silicasol case.The subject matter that above-mentioned three kinds of process for making shell exist is as follows:
1) sodium silicate binder inherent shortcoming is Na
2O content height, hot strength of investment shell, creep resisting ability are far away from silicasol case.The surface layer refractory materials has adopted quartz sand (powder) in addition, and the precision castings quality is had a significant impact; The shell working condition is poor, lack strict production process and parameter control, because the severe corrosive of stiffening agent, dust removal installation is simple and crude, seldom there are constant temperature, constant humidity, dust separating production environment in the workshop, influences operations such as the coating preparation, sclerosis of shell and casting quality, air-dry, dewaxing, seldom by the strict control of the working specification of industry regulation, the temperature at the air-dry place of shell, humidity, wind speed etc. do not add control especially, so the quality accident of scrapping in batches takes place for be everlasting high and low temperature or plum rain season.
2) at present many factories use zirconium English powder and mullite powder instead with the 1st, 2 layer, silicasol case, it is composite shell that backing layer still adopts original water glass type casing tech, because backing layer has kept sodium silicate binder, so its shell is put in order hot strength, creep resisting ability is lower than silicasol case, the foundry goods of cast cun precision and form and position tolerance are all less than silicasol case; Ventilation property is not as sodium silicate shell, also not as the too late silicasol case of silicon sol type hot strength of investment shell, the easier waste product that causes; Composite shell casting quality stability is better than water glass, but far away from silicasol case; Composite shell is because the high zirconium English powder of employing valency is made surface layer, and its shell cost is 4.5 times of sodium silicate shell, if backing layer adopts the mullite powder, its shell cost and silicasol case cost are very nearly the same, and the advantage of its cost is also not obvious.
3) the cost height of silicasol case, its shell production cost are 8 times of sodium silicate shell, also exceed 25% than low temperature wax silicasol case; Production cycle is identical with low temperature wax silicasol case, and is long more a lot of than water glass and composite shell; Warm liquid wax and high pressure wax during big part often will adopt in the production, the easy puncture of heavy wall wax-pattern, casting dimension accuracy is very not high.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, in order to overcome the deficiency of existing protective tube material, the invention provides a kind of high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant protecting tube and production method thereof.
The present invention adopts the technology technical scheme:
A kind of high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant protecting tube, the weight percent that each of described thermocouple protection tube material becomes to be grouped into is as follows: C:0.2-0.4, Si:0.4-0.6; Mn:0.3-0.5 P≤0.04, S≤0.03, Cr:27-29; Ni:19-21, Mo≤0.30, V≤0.10; Ti≤0.40; Cu≤0.10, Al≤0.04, the add-on of Re≤0.05; surplus is Fe and impurity, and content of impurities≤0.10.
The relation with contents of described Cr and C is as follows: Cr/C=67.5-110.
A kind of production method of stating protecting tube, this method may further comprise the steps:
1) steel alloy preparation:
A, in induction furnace, add 304 stainless steel material and fully melt, add ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferrotianium and rare earth, and oxygen blast in alloy solution, charge composition control: P≤0. 04%, 0. 4% 〉=C 〉=0. 2%,
B, in reduction furnace, alloy solution is reduced, finishes the alloy steel refining,
C, with steel alloy 800-1060 ℃ the insulation 2-3h, 900-1000 ℃ of quenching air cooling is at 700-800 ℃ of tempering 8h;
2) casting: comprise system shell operation, the proportioning of coating type, coating is as follows in the system shell operation:
In the embodiment of the invention, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferrotianium and rare earth need oven dry before adding induction furnace, and bake out temperature is 500-650 ℃.
In the embodiment of the invention, the processing parameter of melting is: maturing temperature: 1050-1080 ℃, and roasting time:＞30 minutes, soaking time:＞20 minutes, smelting time:＞25min, teeming temperature: 1580-1600 ℃, every stove time of coming out of the stove should be less than 4 minutes.
In the embodiment of the invention, the process for making shell parameter is as follows:
In the embodiment of the invention, the system shell also comprises dewaxing, and dewaxing technique requires as follows:
Dewaxing vapor pressure 0.8-0.9Mpa reaches 0.56MPa pressure time＜14S, dewaxing time: 9-18min, and dewaxing should reach 1.0Mpa with steamer pressure, and the dewaxing still is carried out preheating 1-2 time.
In the embodiment of the invention, casting also comprises penetrates the wax operation, and processing requirement is as follows: room temperature: 25 ± 1 ℃, wax cylinder temperature: 50-60 ℃, soaking time:＞12 hours, nozzle temperature: 50-60 ℃, penetrate wax pressure: 1.0-6.0Mpa, wax-pattern time of repose after pressing＞4 hours.
In the embodiment of the invention, casting also comprises group tree operation, group tree processing requirement: 25 ± 1 ℃ of room temperatures, postwelding wax spare upper surface is apart from sprue cup upper limb minor increment＞90mm, postwelding wax-pattern spacing＞9mm, ingate length 12-25mm, during perpendicular group next row's ingate can not exceed the die head low side.
In the embodiment of the invention, casting also comprises matting, and cleaning requires: scavenging solution and distilled water are pressed the 1:3 mixed, scavenging period: 6-18S, the scavenging solution life-span:＜8000, behind the wax tree assembly welding, leave standstill more than 15 minutes and can clean room temperature: 25 ± 1 ℃.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, C facilitates austenite, strengthen the element of matrix, but carbide is separated out and polymerization at crystal boundary, and diminish the intensity of material, the plasticity weldability, corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistance, Cr can improve the oxidation-resistance and the erosion resistance of steel, reinforced ferrite, the effect of Ni mainly is to facilitate and stable austenite, increase hot strength, nickel and chromium are used and obtain good effect, Si also can form blunt oxide film in steel, thereby can improve oxidation-resistance greatly, can partly replace chromium, reduce cost, RE can improve creep rupture strength and oxidation-resistance in austenitic steel, play in the Mn steel and promote austenitic formation, Mo can increase the intensity and the hardness of steel, particularly can improve the high temperature tensile strength and the hardness of steel, and the gentle mechanical behavior under high temperature of protecting tube usable material chamber of the present invention after measured obviously is better than existing material, antioxidant property also obviously is better than existing other materials, the work-ing life of having improved protective tube;
2, casting is adopted in the production of protective tube, and wherein making the shell operation need be with ZF-801 type rapidly-dried silica sol as the slip tackiness agent, with wax-pattern avidity wall, dewaxing back shell is not easy to crack, has guaranteed quality of investment shell, has improved system shell speed, reduced afterwards that substandard products produce in the operation, saved the energy;
3, in the production process of protective tube material, select melting material in the induction furnace for use, product purity height after the melting, performance are good.
4, protecting tube material protection thermopair of the present invention is adopted in evidence, and work-ing life is about 30 months.
Embodiment
Below the present invention is described in further details, following explanation only is exemplary, does not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant protecting tube, the weight percent that each of described thermocouple protection tube material becomes to be grouped into is as follows: C:0.3, Si:0.6; Mn:0.5, P:0.04, S:0.03; Cr:27, Ni:19, Mo:0.30; V:0.10, Ti:0.40, Cu:0.10; Al:0.04, the add-on 0.05 of Re, surplus are Fe and impurity; and content of impurities≤0.10, Cr/C=90.
The production method of above-mentioned thermocouple protection tube material may further comprise the steps:
1) steel alloy preparation:
A, in induction furnace, add 304 stainless steel material and fully melt, add ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferrotianium and rare earth, and oxygen blast in alloy solution, charge composition control: P≤0. 04%, 0. 4% 〉=C 〉=0. 2%,
B, in reduction furnace, alloy solution is reduced, finishes the alloy steel refining,
C, with steel alloy 800-1060 ℃ the insulation 2-3h, 900-1000 ℃ of quenching air cooling is at 700-800 ℃ of tempering 8h;
Ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferrotianium and rare earth need oven dry before adding induction furnace, bake out temperature is 500-650 ℃, the processing parameter of melting is: maturing temperature: 1050-1080 ℃, roasting time:＞30 minutes, soaking time:＞20 minutes, smelting time:＞25min, teeming temperature: 1580-1600 ℃, every stove time of coming out of the stove should be less than 4 minutes.
2) casting: comprise system shell operation, the proportioning of coating type, coating is as follows in the system shell operation:
The process for making shell parameter is as follows:
The system shell also comprises dewaxing, and dewaxing technique requires as follows: dewaxing vapor pressure 0.8-0.9Mpa, reach 0.56MPa pressure time＜14S, and dewaxing time: 9-18min, dewaxing should reach 1.0Mpa with steamer pressure, and the dewaxing still is carried out preheating 1-2 time.
Casting also comprises penetrates the wax operation, and processing requirement is as follows: room temperature: 25 ± 1 ℃, and wax cylinder temperature: 50-60 ℃, soaking time:＞12 hours, nozzle temperature: 50-60 ℃, penetrate wax pressure: 1.0-6.0Mpa, wax-pattern time of repose after pressing＞4 hours.
Casting also comprises group number operation, group number processing requirement: 25 ± 1 ℃ of room temperatures, postwelding wax spare upper surface be apart from sprue cup upper limb minor increment＞90mm, postwelding wax-pattern spacing＞9mm, ingate length 12-25mm, during perpendicular group next row's ingate can not exceed the die head low side.
Casting also comprises cleaning process, and cleaning technology requires: scavenging solution and distilled water are pressed the 1:3 mixed, scavenging period: 6-18S, scavenging solution life-span:＜8000, behind the wax tree assembly welding, leave standstill more than 15 minutes and can clean room temperature: 25 ± 1 ℃.
Below in conjunction with concrete testing data protective tube material property of the present invention and casting process are described:
1, the performance comparison of material of the present invention and 304 steel is as shown in table 1,
The performance comparison table 1 of material of the present invention and 304 steel
As seen, the room temperature of novel material and mechanical behavior under high temperature all obviously are better than former materials used, and antioxidant property is significantly improved, and has improved the work-ing life of protective tube.
2, the mixed shell of 830 and 1430 silicon sol and ZF-801 type rapidly-dried silica sol system shell time compared see Table 2:
Mixed shell and ZF-801 type rapidly-dried silica sol system shell time contrast table 2
As can be seen, compare the system shell time that can reduce by 40 h with 830,1430 silicon sol casings, and shell there is not back molten phenomenon in the system shell process with ZF-801 type rapidly-dried silica sol.So not only improve the production efficiency in the unit time, and saved the man power and material.
3, measure the error of system shell with XX machine work turbine working-blade, wherein measurement point is with numeral (6 points), and the mean sizes deviation of each point the results are shown in Table 3:
The mean sizes deviation of each point is table 3 as a result
As can be seen, the same casting dimension accuracy preferably that has of the made shell of ZF-801 type rapidly-dried silica sol with the made shell of ordinary silicon colloidal sol.
4, selecting foundry goods for use is the work turbine working-blade, and detected temperatures is 20 ℃, and humidity is 40%, and detected result is as follows:
Surface quality contrast 4
Surfaceness contrast 5
From table 4 and table 5 as can be seen, ZF-801 type rapidly-dried silica sol is to the foundry goods joint flash, and situations such as aperture sand washing improve significantly, and can prevent the big plane foundry goods shell that expands effectively, has shown excellent surface quality.Therefore also reduce the generation of inferior waste product widely, made limited resources obtain rational application, improved the one-pass finished rate.
5, ZF-801 type rapidly-dried silica sol shell degree and the common silicasol case intensity contrast of S-1430 table 6
By table 6 data as can be known, ZF-801 type rapidly-dried silica sol shell normal temperature strength is higher than the common silicasol case of S-1430, and hot strength is suitable, and retained strength then significantly reduces.So just under the prerequisite that guarantees quality of investment shell, greatly reduce the shell time of shaking and the quick-fried number of times of alkali in the subsequent handling, also alleviated the difficulty of sand removal, saved energy consumption, reduced cost.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant protecting tube, the weight percent that each of described thermocouple protection tube material becomes to be grouped into is as follows: C:0.4, Si:0.4; Mn:0.3, P:0.03, S:0.02; Cr:27, Ni:21, Mo:0.10; V:0.05, Ti:0.2, Cu:0.080; Al:0.0:35, the add-on of Re: 0.04, surplus is Fe and impurity; and content of impurities≤0.10, Cr/C=67.5.The same embodiment of the production method of thermocouple protection tube material, and test detects data with approximate among the embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant protecting tube, the weight percent that each of described thermocouple protection tube material becomes to be grouped into is as follows: C:0.264, Si:0.58; Mn:0.45 P:0.035, S:0.028, Cr:29; Ni:20, Mo:0.20, V:0.06; Ti:0.25, Cu:0.05, Al:0.01; the add-on of Re: 0.02; surplus is Fe and impurity, and content of impurities≤0.10, Cr/C=110.
The same embodiment of the production method of thermocouple protection tube material, and test detects data with approximate among the embodiment 1.
Claims (10)
1. high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant protecting tube is characterized in that: the weight percent that each of described thermocouple protection tube material becomes to be grouped into is as follows: C:0.2-0.4, Si:0.4-0.6; Mn:0.3-0.5 P≤0.04, S≤0.03, Cr:27-29; Ni:19-21, Mo≤0.30, V≤0.10; Ti≤0.40; Cu≤0.10, Al≤0.04, the add-on of Re≤0.05; surplus is Fe and impurity, and content of impurities≤0.10.
2. according to the described protecting tube of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the relation with contents of described Cr and C is as follows: Cr/C=67.5-110.
3. the production method of claim 1 or 2 described protecting tubes, it is characterized in that: this method may further comprise the steps:
1) steel alloy preparation:
A, in induction furnace, add 304 stainless steel material and fully melt, add ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferrotianium and rare earth, and oxygen blast in alloy solution, charge composition control: P≤0. 04%, 0. 4% 〉=C 〉=0. 2%,
B, in reduction furnace, alloy solution is reduced, finishes the alloy steel refining,
C, with steel alloy 800-1060 ℃ the insulation 2-3h, 900-1000 ℃ of quenching air cooling is at 700-800 ℃ of tempering 8h;
2) casting: comprise system shell operation, the proportioning of coating type, coating is as follows in the system shell operation:
。
4. production method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferrotianium and rare earth need oven dry before adding induction furnace, bake out temperature is 500-650 ℃.
5. production method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the processing parameter of melting is: maturing temperature: 1050-1080 ℃, roasting time:＞30 minutes, soaking time:＞20 minutes, smelting time:＞25min, teeming temperature: 1580-1600 ℃, every stove time of coming out of the stove should be less than 4 minutes.
6. production method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the process for making shell parameter is as follows:
7. production method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the system shell also comprises dewaxing, and dewaxing technique requires as follows:
Dewaxing vapor pressure 0.8-0.9Mpa reaches 0.56MPa pressure time＜14S, dewaxing time: 9-18min, and dewaxing should reach 1.0Mpa with steamer pressure, and the dewaxing still is carried out preheating 1-2 time.
8. production method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: casting also comprises penetrates the wax operation, processing requirement is as follows: room temperature: 25 ± 1 ℃, wax cylinder temperature: 50-60 ℃, soaking time:＞12 hours, nozzle temperature: 50-60 ℃, penetrate wax pressure: 1.0-6.0Mpa, wax-pattern time of repose after pressing＞4 hours.
9. production method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: casting also comprises group number operation, group number processing requirement: 25 ± 1 ℃ of room temperatures, postwelding wax spare upper surface is apart from sprue cup upper limb minor increment＞90mm, postwelding wax-pattern spacing＞9mm, ingate length 12-25mm, during perpendicular group next row's ingate can not exceed the die head low side.
10. production method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: casting also comprises cleaning process, cleaning technology requires: scavenging solution and distilled water are pressed the 1:3 mixed, scavenging period: 6-18S, the scavenging solution life-span:＜8000, behind the wax tree assembly welding, leave standstill more than 15 minutes and can clean room temperature: 25 ± 1 ℃.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102337414A (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2012-02-01 | 大亚科技股份有限公司 | Degassing machine temperature monitoring device |
| CN103252449A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-08-21 | 青岛钰鑫车辆工程有限公司 | Production method of composite material stirring wing |
| CN103302240A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-18 | 衡阳市嘉励运动器材有限公司 | Production process of wax mould |
| CN103834876A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-06-04 | 西峡县内燃机进排气管有限责任公司 | Austenite heat-resisting cast steel exhaust manifold and casting process thereof |
| CN105170903A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-12-23 | 山西好利阀机械制造有限公司 | Novel process for casting stainless steel part from coated sand mold shell |
| CN107267778A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-10-20 | 新疆思凯压力容器制造有限公司 | A kind of new and effective magnesium smelting reduction pot and preparation method thereof |
| CN112662953A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-04-16 | 刘祖瑜 | High-temperature-resistant and anti-oxidative-corrosion inner tube, copper mold containing inner tube and preparation method of inner tube |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102337414A (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2012-02-01 | 大亚科技股份有限公司 | Degassing machine temperature monitoring device |
| CN103252449A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-08-21 | 青岛钰鑫车辆工程有限公司 | Production method of composite material stirring wing |
| CN103252449B (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2015-12-02 | 青岛钰鑫车辆工程有限公司 | Composite stirs wing production method |
| CN103302240A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-18 | 衡阳市嘉励运动器材有限公司 | Production process of wax mould |
| CN103302240B (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2015-07-29 | 衡阳市嘉励运动器材有限公司 | A kind of wax-pattern production technology |
| CN103834876A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-06-04 | 西峡县内燃机进排气管有限责任公司 | Austenite heat-resisting cast steel exhaust manifold and casting process thereof |
| CN105170903A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-12-23 | 山西好利阀机械制造有限公司 | Novel process for casting stainless steel part from coated sand mold shell |
| CN107267778A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-10-20 | 新疆思凯压力容器制造有限公司 | A kind of new and effective magnesium smelting reduction pot and preparation method thereof |
| CN107267778B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2019-02-15 | 新疆思凯压力容器制造有限公司 | A kind of magnesium smelting reduction pot and preparation method thereof |
| CN112662953A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-04-16 | 刘祖瑜 | High-temperature-resistant and anti-oxidative-corrosion inner tube, copper mold containing inner tube and preparation method of inner tube |
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| CN102002643B (en) | 2012-06-27 |
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