CN101993732B - Vaporizing combustion chamber of high-energy biomasses - Google Patents
Vaporizing combustion chamber of high-energy biomasses Download PDFInfo
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- CN101993732B CN101993732B CN 201010562105 CN201010562105A CN101993732B CN 101993732 B CN101993732 B CN 101993732B CN 201010562105 CN201010562105 CN 201010562105 CN 201010562105 A CN201010562105 A CN 201010562105A CN 101993732 B CN101993732 B CN 101993732B
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Abstract
The invention provides a vaporizing combustion chamber of high-energy biomasses, comprising a cavity and a hollow and cylindrical combustor, wherein the combustor is communicated with a feed pipe and an air outlet pipe; the air outlet pipe is horizontally arranged in the center of the combustor; the left end of the air outlet pipe is arranged in the combustor and taken as a built-in end; the right end of the air outlet pipe extends out of the combustor and is taken as an extended end; an air chamber is arranged between the cavity and the combustor and is connected with an air pipe; and the air outlet pipe is provided with a plurality of vent holes and communicated with the vent holes by the air chamber. In the vaporizing combustion chamber of high-energy biomasses, because the air chamber is arranged, so that the clean biomass gas is supplemented with oxygen before entering into a boiler, thus more energy can be obtained, the biomasses are boosted to fully combust in the boiler, and boiler combustion energy is exerted maximally.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy preparation field, specifically relate to a kind of combustion equipment of gasifying biomass.
Background technology
Along with the development of world economy, the energy and environmental problem become increasingly conspicuous.The human main energy sources of using at present has 3 kinds of oil, Sweet natural gas and coals.According to the International Energy Agency statistics, these 3 kinds of energy only have respectively about 35 years, 50 years and 240 years for the time limit of human exploitation on the earth.The fossil resources such as coal, oil exhaust the power supply constant tension day by day on the one hand; On the other hand, the excessive use of fossil resource has caused day by day serious environmental problem.Therefore, develop and seek new substitute energy and become the key subjects that human social must be solved in the new millennium.
Biomass energy is the sun power that is stored in by the photosynthesis of plant and sun power in the plant.According to estimates, 10 times of consuming in world's main fuel of the annual energy equivalence of storing of plant, and be less than 1% of its total amount as the utilization of the energy.The characteristics such as biomass material is because having the volatility height, and carbon is active high, and N, S content are low, and ash content is low are a kind of fuel of high-quality.By the biomass energy switch technology, can utilize efficiently this reproducible clean biomass energy, the fuel such as Substitute coal, oil and natural gas.
At present, utilize biomass material, such as straw, sawdust, bagasse, rice chaff, wood chip etc., it is carried out high-temp combustion after, can extract bio-oil or biological fuel gas.And existing combustion technology mainly is fire grate grate firing burning and fluidized bed combustion, wherein, adopting the shortcoming of fire grate grate firing enamelware pot is that fuel combustion is incomplete, thermo-efficiency is low, and the employing fluid-bed combustion furnace generally can only be applied to large-sized boiler, and its investment is huge, production cost is high, can not try hard to recommend greatly application in medium-sized and small enterprises.The energy of the biogas of two kinds of combustion technology generations is lower, is unfavorable for supplying with the high efficiency boiler burning.
Summary of the invention
The problem that exists in order to solve prior art the invention provides a kind of burner that can produce the high-energy biogas.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: comprise cavity, the throat less chamber of hollow, the combustion chamber is communicated with feed-pipe and escape pipe, it is characterized in that, described escape pipe is horizontally set at the center of combustion chamber, and the left end of escape pipe places the combustion chamber to be built-in end, and the right-hand member of escape pipe stretches out and is external part outside the combustion chamber; Have air compartment between described cavity and the combustion chamber, described air compartment is connected with airduct, and described escape pipe is provided with some discharge pores, and described air compartment is connected with production well.
The tube wall of the built-in end of described escape pipe is provided with some through holes.
The axial inwall of described feed-pipe and the cross section inwall of combustion chamber are tangent, after wind is tangentially sent into the combustion chamber from feed-pipe, form in vain whirlwind for the biomass material burning, and separate ash discharge under the centrifugal force of whirlwind, make clean biogas.
Form air compartment between described cavity and the combustion chamber, described air compartment is connected with airduct, the entrance of described airduct connects ventilating regulator, an intake opening has been opened in described combustion chamber, the axial inwall of described intake opening and the cross section inwall of combustion chamber are tangent, tangentially enter the wind of combustion chamber from air compartment, form in vain whirlwind and replenish required air for the combustion chamber and the combustion chamber internal temperature is regulated.
Described air chamber is provided with dividing plate, and air compartment is divided into secondary air chamber and tertiary chamber, and described airduct is comprised of secondary air channel and tertiary-air pipe; Described secondary air chamber is connected with secondary air channel, the entrance of described secondary air channel connects ventilating regulator, described combustion chamber offers an intake opening, the axial inwall of described intake opening and the cross section inwall of combustion chamber are tangent, tangentially enter the wind of combustion chamber from air compartment, form in vain whirlwind and replenish desired gas for the combustion chamber and the combustion chamber internal temperature is regulated; Described tertiary chamber is connected with tertiary-air pipe; The tube wall of the external part of described escape pipe offers production well; Described tertiary chamber is communicated with production well.
The evenly distributed layout of production well on the described air outlet tube.
The outer setting of described cavity has thermal insulation layer, and the main body of described combustion chamber is flame retardant coating.
Also comprise lighter for ignition and explosive door.
Burner also offers fire door, and described fire door is equipped with bell, and the top of described fire door is provided with form.
Also include the base that can make burner move or load and unload, for detection of the detection means of chamber temperature.
The present invention is owing to be provided with air chamber, to entering the clean biological fuel gas supplemental oxygen before the boiler, makes to obtain more energy, promotes biogas fully burning in boiler, the boiler combustion energy that performance is maximum.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the internal structure of burner of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural relation synoptic diagram of feed-pipe and combustion chamber;
Fig. 5 is the structural relation synoptic diagram of intake opening and combustion chamber;
Fig. 6 is the cross sectional representation of escape pipe.
Embodiment
This burner is heat-storage type burner, and the diameter of combustion chamber is 0.8m, and capacity is 0.75m
3As Figure 1-3, this burner is comprised of base 12, cavity 20, thermal insulation layer 11, flame retardant coating 9, lighter for ignition 18, feed-pipe 15, secondary air channel 19, dividing plate 5, tertiary-air pipe 17, escape pipe 8, bell 10, form 1 and explosive door 13.The burner body structure supports fixing by base 12.Cavity 20 is hollow circle tube, the accumbency setting.The inside of cavity 20 is provided with flame retardant coating 9, and this flame retardant coating 9 also is the hollow cylinder structure.The hollow cylinder structure of flame retardant coating 9 has formed combustion chamber 2.Combustion chamber 2 is communicated with the axial inwall of this feed-pipe 15 and the lateral cross section inwall of combustion chamber 2 tangent (such as Fig. 4) with the feed-pipe 15 that cavity 20 arranges.The inwall of the outer wall of flame retardant coating 9 and cavity 20 has the space, and this space has formed air compartment.The inside of cavity 20 and in the left side of flame retardant coating 9 is provided with thermal insulation layer 11.The left end of combustion chamber 2 is provided with a fire door, and by bell 10 sealings.Be positioned at the top of fire door, also be provided with a form 1, be used for observing the combustion case in the burner, the unusual phenomenon when in time finding burning.The axis direction of combustion chamber 2 and be positioned at right side place arranged transversely one escape pipe 8 of combustion chamber 2, escape pipe 8 and combustion chamber 2 concentric settings, this escape pipe 8 is the direct piping of both ends open, the diameter of pipeline is 0.4m.It is built-in end that the left end of escape pipe 8 inserts in 2 inside, combustion chamber, the distance of the inner left wall of the left port of built-in end and combustion chamber 2 is 500mm, the right-hand member of escape pipe 8 extends outside the combustion chamber 2 and exposes to outside the cavity 20 is external part, and the external part of escape pipe 8 is connected with the entrance of boiler (not shown).The external part tube wall of escape pipe 8 offers 8 and discharges pore 16 (such as Fig. 6), and every discharge pore 16 is evenly arranged on the cross section of escape pipe 8, and the quantity of every discharge pore 16 is 3, and production well 16 is communicated with tertiary chamber 6.Space between the inwall of the outer wall of flame retardant coating 9 and cavity 20 has formed air compartment, be divided into secondary air chamber 4 and tertiary chamber 6, secondary air chamber 4 and tertiary chamber 6 are separated by dividing plate 5, and dividing plate also plays the effect of supporting the combustion chamber except forming secondary air chamber 4 and tertiary chamber 6.The outside connecting secondary airduct 19 of secondary air chamber 4, the entrance of secondary air channel 19 connects ventilating regulator, and ventilating regulator can be chosen butterfly valve (not shown) etc.One intake opening 14 is set, the axial inwall of this intake opening 14 and the lateral cross section inwall of combustion chamber 2 tangent (such as Fig. 5) between secondary air chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 2.The outside of tertiary chamber 6 connects tertiary-air pipe 17.Burner is provided with lighter for ignition 18, when working first, utilizes coal gas ignition that the combustion chamber is risen 400 ℃, then begins the whirlwind charging.Also be provided with temperature detection device in the combustion chamber 2, can be thermopair 3, be used for measuring the furnace temperature of combustion chamber, generally surpass 1000 ℃ and namely report to the police.Open bell 10 and just can conveniently be combustion chamber 2 interior cleaning lime-ash.Base 12 can make things convenient for dismounting and the movement of burner.Explosive door 13 is in order to prevent the burner hypertonia, when internal pressure of combustion chamber surpasses 0.01Mpa, opens the explosive door relief pressure, can prevent superpressure and blasts and cause Peril Incident.
The working process of burner is as follows: at first initial igniter 18, after the burning room temp reaches more than 400 ℃, biomass material is after crushed tangentially blown into combustion chamber 2 from feed-pipe 15 by a wind, interiorly in combustion chamber 2 forms biological fuel gas and some biomass ashs (such as silicon-dioxide and metal-salt etc.) after through 1 to 2 second high temperature (900～1000 ℃) gasification, and combustion.In combustion processes, because a wind is tangentially to enter the combustion chamber, therefore can be at columnar combustion chamber 2 interior formation whirlwind, under the centrifugal action of whirlwind, the grey separated and lower bottom that is sunken to the combustion chamber that burning generates, the clean biological fuel gas of combustion chamber 2 axis centre then enters in the boiler by escape pipe 8.Simultaneously, 19 pairs of secondary air chambers of secondary air channel 4 continue air-supply, and enter combustion chamber 2 by intake opening 4 tangential air-supplies, form whirlwind with the required oxygen of aftercombustion chamber 2 interior gasification incomplete combustions.Through burning after a while, if the temperature in the combustion chamber 2 surpasses 1000 ℃, then can reach fusion point of ash and easily slagging scorification.After thermopair 3 detects too high temperature, reduce the air quantity that enters secondary air chamber 4 with butterfly valve control, thereby reduce the combustion chamber amount of oxygen, be lower than 1000 ℃ to guarantee the burning room temp.Before clean biological fuel gas enters boiler, also biological fuel gas is replenished air (oxygen), namely tertiary air enters tertiary chamber from tertiary-air pipe 17, mixes with biological fuel gas by tertiary air, make together to enter in the boiler fully burning, to obtain the boiler of feeding more heat that burns.
Claims (9)
1. gasification combustor for high-energy biomass, comprise cavity, the throat less chamber of hollow, the combustion chamber is communicated with feed-pipe and escape pipe, it is characterized in that: described escape pipe is horizontally set at the center of combustion chamber, the left end of escape pipe places the combustion chamber to be built-in end, and the right-hand member of escape pipe stretches out and is external part outside the combustion chamber;
Have air compartment between described cavity and the combustion chamber, described air compartment is connected with airduct, and described escape pipe is provided with some discharge pores, and described air compartment is connected with production well;
The axial inwall of described feed-pipe and the cross section inwall of combustion chamber are tangent, and after wind was tangentially sent into the combustion chamber from feed-pipe, the self-forming whirlwind burnt for biomass material, and separates ash discharge under the centrifugal force of whirlwind, makes clean biogas.
2. burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the tube wall of the built-in end of described escape pipe is provided with some through holes.
3. burner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, form air compartment between described cavity and the combustion chamber, described air compartment is connected with airduct, the entrance of described airduct connects ventilating regulator, and an intake opening has been opened in described combustion chamber, and the axial inwall of described intake opening and the cross section inwall of combustion chamber are tangent, tangentially enter the wind of combustion chamber from air compartment, the self-forming whirlwind replenishes required air for the combustion chamber and the combustion chamber internal temperature is regulated.
4. burner according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described air compartment is provided with dividing plate, and air compartment is divided into secondary air chamber and tertiary chamber, and described airduct is comprised of secondary air channel and tertiary-air pipe; Described secondary air chamber is connected with secondary air channel, the entrance of described secondary air channel connects ventilating regulator, described combustion chamber offers an intake opening, the axial inwall of described intake opening and the cross section inwall of combustion chamber are tangent, tangentially enter the wind of combustion chamber from air compartment, the self-forming whirlwind replenishes desired gas for the combustion chamber and the combustion chamber internal temperature is regulated; Described tertiary chamber is connected with tertiary-air pipe; The tube wall of the external part of described escape pipe offers production well; Described tertiary chamber is communicated with production well.
5. burner according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the evenly distributed layout of the production well on the described escape pipe.
6. burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the outer setting of described cavity has thermal insulation layer, and the main body of described combustion chamber is flame retardant coating.
7. burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises lighter for ignition and explosive door.
8. burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, burner also offers fire door, and described fire door is equipped with bell, and the top of described fire door is provided with form.
9. burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also includes the base that can make burner move or load and unload, for detection of the detection means of chamber temperature.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010562105 CN101993732B (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2010-11-25 | Vaporizing combustion chamber of high-energy biomasses |
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| CN 201010562105 CN101993732B (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2010-11-25 | Vaporizing combustion chamber of high-energy biomasses |
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| CN101993732A CN101993732A (en) | 2011-03-30 |
| CN101993732B true CN101993732B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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| CN105674258A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-06-15 | 新疆广汇中化能源技术开发有限公司 | Combustion system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201412833Y (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2010-02-24 | 王建中 | Biomass combustion machine |
| CN101709872A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-05-19 | 常熟理工学院 | Carbon powder fuel burner |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH03294788A (en) * | 1990-04-12 | 1991-12-25 | Nippon Steel Corp | Removal of generated carbon in heat accumulation type heat exchanger for heating gas containing hydrocarbon |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201412833Y (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2010-02-24 | 王建中 | Biomass combustion machine |
| CN101709872A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-05-19 | 常熟理工学院 | Carbon powder fuel burner |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| JP特开平3-294788A 1991.12.25 |
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| CN101993732A (en) | 2011-03-30 |
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