CN101989659A - Fuel cell system and fuel supplementing method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell system and fuel supplementing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101989659A CN101989659A CN2009101603221A CN200910160322A CN101989659A CN 101989659 A CN101989659 A CN 101989659A CN 2009101603221 A CN2009101603221 A CN 2009101603221A CN 200910160322 A CN200910160322 A CN 200910160322A CN 101989659 A CN101989659 A CN 101989659A
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- fuel
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- liquid level
- cell system
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell system and a fuel supplementing method thereof. The fuel cell system comprises a fuel groove, a fuel feed unit, a cell module, a condensation recovery unit, a liquid level regulating unit, a detection unit and a control unit. The fuel feed unit supplements a first fuel for the fuel groove; the fuel groove provides a second fuel for the cell module which generates first gas; the condensation recovery unit condenses the first gas to recovery liquid; the liquid level regulating unit leads the recovery liquid to the fuel groove so as to control liquid level of the second fuel in the fuel groove to be fixed; the detection unit can detect a current signal provided by the cell module; and the control unit calculates magnitude of current according to the current signal, when the magnitude of current reaches a preset value, the first fuel is supplemented to the fuel groove from the fuel feed unit. The accurate supplement of the fuel can be achieved by the fuel cell system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fuel cell system, relate in particular to a kind of precisely fuel cell system of postcombustion.
Background technology
The application of fuel cell (Fuel Cell) is quite extensive, and for example the electric power system of family's non-firm power, car and boat, lower powered portable type electronic product etc. all can use fuel cell.Each fuel cell has mea (MEA).Supply with certain density fuel at the anode tap of mea, after cathode terminal is given an amount of oxygen, between negative electrode and anode because of chemical reaction produces a potential difference, so can provide electric current to give an external loading.Because the reaction product of fuel cell is carbon dioxide and water, so can not produce any chemical organic compounds matter.Therefore, fuel cell can be described as eco-friendly power source.Common fuel cell comprises that (Direct Methanol Fuel Cell, DMFC), it utilizes methanol aqueous solution as fuel for power generation to direct methanol fuel cell.
Among traditional direct methanol fuel cell, need the employed methanol aqueous solution concentration of control to make it not be higher than a specific concentrations, reduce the generating efficiency of its mea (MEA) to avoid methanol crossover (cross over) situation to take place.Above-mentioned particular value is then decided on the character of employed mea, is not higher than 10vol% usually.In addition, direct methanol fuel cell also is subjected to its operating temperature and ambient temperature thereof easily to be influenced, and crosses when low and too high when its operating temperature or ambient temperature, and the generating efficiency of direct methanol fuel cell just can descend.
The anode chemical equation of direct methanol fuel cell is as follows:
CH
3OH+H
2O→6H
++6e
-+CO
2
The negative electrode chemical equation is as follows:
1.5O
2+6H
++6e
-→3H
2O
The net reaction of direct methanol fuel cell is as follows:
CH
3OH+H
2O+1.5O
2→3H
2O+CO
2
By above-mentioned net reaction as can be known, the direct methanol fuel cell reaction time can generate water in theory, but in the reality because factors such as ambient temperature and working temperatures, water can evaporate and its evaporation capacity is feared greater than its growing amount in course of reaction.In addition, methyl alcohol in the fuel cell in the methanol aqueous solution then reduces along with the increase in reaction time, so employed methanol aqueous solution concentration can increase with the reaction time and reduce, to cross when low when methanol aqueous solution concentration, the hydrogen ion that generates in the reaction of anode place will significantly reduce.Therefore, allow the interior electrochemical reaction of direct methanolica cell continue, must increase methanol content, and manage to reduce evaporation capacity, keep the water yield, to keep the continuous service of direct methanol fuel cell.
Summary of the invention
The present invention promptly provides a kind of fuel cell system for the problem that will solve known technology.This fuel cell system comprises a fuel bath, a fuel make up unit, a battery module, condensation recovery unit, a liquid level adjustment unit, a detecting unit and a control unit.The fuel make up unit connects this fuel bath, so that this fuel bath is replenished one first fuel.Battery module connects this fuel bath, and this fuel bath provides one second fuel to this battery module, and this battery module produces one first gas.Condensation is reclaimed the unit and is connected this battery module, being a withdrawal liquid with this first condensation of gas.The liquid level adjustment unit connects this fuel bath and the unit is reclaimed in this condensation, and this liquid level adjustment unit imports this fuel bath with this withdrawal liquid, fixes with the liquid level of controlling this second fuel in this fuel bath.Detecting unit electrically connects this battery module, and this detecting unit detects the current signal that this battery module provides.Control unit electrically connects this detecting unit and this fuel make up unit, this control unit calculates the magnitude of current that this battery module provides according to this current signal, when this magnitude of current reached a preset value, this control unit drove this first fuel and is added to this fuel bath from this fuel make up unit.
Characteristics of the present invention are, utilize condensation to reclaim the liquid level that withdrawal liquid (for example, water) that the unit produces and liquid level adjustment unit control this second fuel (for example, methanol aqueous solution) in this fuel bath and fix.Whereby, when this magnitude of current reaches this preset value, under specific temperature and voltage conditions, this control unit drives this fuel make up unit this fuel bath is quantitatively replenished this first fuel, therefore can avoid the excessive or situation of additional deficiency of this first fuel supplement.
This fuel cell system can be realized postcombustion accurately.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the fuel cell system of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates the condensation of the embodiment of the invention and reclaims the unit;
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b illustrate the condenser that is applicable to the embodiment of the invention;
The liquid level that Fig. 3 a illustrates second fuel is lower than the situation of the port of export of blast pipe;
The liquid level that Fig. 3 b illustrates second fuel is positioned at the situation of the port of export of blast pipe;
Fig. 4 illustrates the fuel supplement method of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 a-5e is illustrated in the variation, the thin bilge construction and the user mode of liquid level adjustment unit and fuel bath; And
Fig. 6 illustrates another variation of the present invention.
Wherein, description of reference numerals is as follows:
100 fuel cell systems, 110 fuel baths
111 circular response liquid inlets, 112 circular response liquid outlets
113 critical liquid level detectors, 120 fuel make up unit
121 flows detect unit 130 battery modules
Unit 141,141 ' condenser are reclaimed in 140 condensations
142 fan groups 143 reclaim tank
144 water inlets, 145 exhaust outlets
150 liquid level adjustment units, 151 feed pipes
152 blast pipes, 153 ports of export
160 detecting units, 170 control units
180 presser unit
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, the fuel cell system 100 that it shows the embodiment of the invention comprises a fuel bath 110, a fuel make up unit 120, a battery module 130, condensation recovery unit 140, a liquid level adjustment unit 150, a detecting unit 160, a control unit 170 and a presser unit 180.Fuel make up unit 120 connects this fuel bath 110, so that this fuel bath 110 is replenished one first fuel (for example, methyl alcohol).Battery module 130 connects this fuel bath 110, and 110 pairs of these battery modules 130 of this fuel bath provide one second fuel (for example, methanol aqueous solution), and this battery module 130 produces one first gas (for example, steam).Condensation is reclaimed unit 140 and is connected these battery modules 130, being a withdrawal liquid (for example, water) with this first condensation of gas.Liquid level adjustment unit 150 connects this fuel bath 110 and unit 140 is reclaimed in this condensation, and the liquid level of this second fuel in these liquid level adjustment unit 150 these fuel baths 110 of control is fixed.Detecting unit 160 electrically connects this battery module 130, and this detecting unit 160 detects the current signal that this battery module provided.Control unit 170 electrically connects this detecting unit 160 and this fuel make up unit 120, this control unit 170 calculates the magnitude of current that this battery module 130 is provided according to this current signal, when this magnitude of current reached a preset value, this control unit 170 drove this first fuel and is added to this fuel bath 110 from this fuel make up unit 120.180 pairs of these fuel cell systems of this presser unit provide an operating pressure, and bring this first gas into condensation and reclaim in the unit 140, and then this withdrawal liquid is reclaimed in condensation.
Characteristics of the present invention are, utilize the withdrawal liquid (for example, water) of condensation recovery unit 140 generations and the liquid level of this second fuel (for example, methanol aqueous solution) in liquid level adjustment unit 150 these fuel baths 110 of control to fix.Whereby, when this magnitude of current reaches this preset value, under specific temperature and voltage conditions, this control unit 170 drives 120 pairs of these fuel baths in this fuel make up unit 110 and quantitatively replenishes this first fuel, therefore can avoid the excessive or situation of additional deficiency of this first fuel supplement.
In the above-described embodiments, this first fuel and this second fuel can be methanol aqueous solution.The concentration of this first fuel is higher than 50% (vol%), for example, and 100% (vol%).The concentration of this second fuel is lower than 10% (vol%), for example, and 2～4% (vol%).This withdrawal liquid is a water.
In a variation, above-mentioned fuel cell system 100 can also comprise a certain amount of pump unit, and this quantitative pump unit electrically connects this control unit.This control is single also to be delivered to this fuel bath 110 with this first fuel from this fuel make up unit 120 by this quantitative pump unit.In addition, this control unit is also carried back this fuel bath 110 with (reacted) this second fuel from this battery module 130 by this quantitative pump unit.
With reference to Fig. 2, this condensation is reclaimed unit 140 and is comprised that a condenser 141, a fan group 142 and reclaim tank 143, this first gas is driven through this condenser 141 by this presser unit 180 (Fig. 1), by these fan group 142 coolings, this condenser 141 is this withdrawal liquid with this first condensation of gas, and this withdrawal liquid flows into this recovery tank 143 and stores.With reference to Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, it shows condenser 141 and the condenser 141 ' that is applicable to the embodiment of the invention.
With reference to Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, it shows the thin bilge construction of this liquid level adjustment unit, and this liquid level adjustment unit 150 connects this and reclaims tank 143 and this fuel bath 110.This liquid level adjustment unit comprises a feed pipe 151 and a blast pipe 152, and this feed pipe 151 and this blast pipe 152 are connected in the bottom of this recovery tank 143.This feed pipe 151 connects this and reclaims tank 143 and this fuel bath 110, and this blast pipe 152 connects this and reclaims tank 143 and this fuel bath 110.With reference to Fig. 3 a, when the liquid level of this second fuel 2 in this fuel bath 110 was lower than a port of export 153 of this blast pipe 152, this withdrawal liquid entered this fuel bath 110 from this recovery tank 143 through this feed pipe 151.Simultaneously, the gas in this fuel bath 110 (second gas, carbon dioxide) enters this recovery tank 143 from this fuel bath 110 through this blast pipe 152.With reference to Fig. 3 b, when the liquid level of this second fuel 2 in this fuel bath 110 is positioned at this port of export 153 of this blast pipe 152, the air of this second fuel, the 2 liquid levels top in this fuel bath 110 is compressed and improves pressure (in this embodiment, the gas pressure in this fuel bath is about 0.15kg/cm
2), thereby these second fuel, 2 liquid levels are exerted pressure, make this withdrawal liquid can't flow into this fuel bath 110 again.
Refer again to Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, this recovery tank 143 has a water inlet 144 and an exhaust outlet 145.This water inlet 144 and this exhaust outlet 145 are positioned at the top of this recovery tank 143.Withdrawal liquid is after this water inlet 144 enters this recovery tank 143, and the gas of following will be discharged from exhaust outlet 145.In addition, pass through this second gas that this blast pipe enters this accumulator tank, also discharge in this recovery tank 143 from this exhaust outlet 145 from this fuel bath.This fuel bath 110 has a circular response liquid (second fuel, methanol aqueous solution) inlet 111 and one circular response liquid outlet 112.When excessive reaction liquid (second fuel, methanol aqueous solution) from this circular response liquid inlet 111 when injecting, excessive reaction liquid (second fuel) enters this recovery tank 143 also from this fuel bath 110 through this exhaust outlet 145, and discharges from this exhaust outlet 145.
This fuel bath 110 also comprises a critical liquid level detector 113, when the liquid level of this second fuel in this fuel bath 110 drops to a critical liquid level, 113 pairs of these control units 170 of this critical liquid level detector provide a minimum detectable signal, and this control unit 170 stops the operation of this fuel cell system according to this minimum detectable signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, this detecting unit 160 also detects a voltage signal that this battery module 130 provided and a temperature signal of this battery module 130, and this control unit 170 replenishes this first fuel according to this voltage signal and this temperature signal to this fuel bath.With reference to Fig. 4, it shows the fuel supplement method of the embodiment of the invention.At first, this control unit calculates a magnitude of current A (A=a1+a2+...an) that this battery module provides (S1) according to obtained this current signal a of this detecting unit.Then, when this magnitude of current A reaches a preset value Ast, represent the consumption of methyl alcohol to reach set point, therefore obtain replenishing time point t (S2).At this moment, this first fuel that desire is replenished has one first magnitude of recruitment Y1 and one second magnitude of recruitment Y2, and this first magnitude of recruitment is definite value Y1 (the default consumption of methyl alcohol).This control unit is at this additional time point t, and (Y2=F (V, T)) (S3) to calculate this second magnitude of recruitment Y2 according to this voltage signal V and this temperature signal T.Whereby, this control unit drives this fuel make up unit, at this additional time point t this fuel bath is replenished this first fuel (S4).
When battery module 130 stable reaction, because this voltage signal V and this temperature signal T are stable, therefore the second magnitude of recruitment Y2 is that definite value (for example, zero) therefore can reach the purpose of quantitatively replenishing this first fuel.
With reference to Fig. 5 a-Fig. 5 e, in one embodiment, the port of export of this feed pipe 151 ' and a blast pipe 152 all is positioned at the middle position of fuel bath 110, and second fuel, 2 liquid levels roughly also are positioned at the middle position of fuel bath 110.Therefore, when transporting fuel bath, no matter how fuel bath 110 tilts, and neitherly has a situation that fuel overflows.
With reference to Fig. 6, in one embodiment, 110 installings of fuel make up unit 120 and fuel bath, one flow detects unit 121, guarantee that high concentration methanol enters fuel bath 110 from fuel make up unit 120, avoid replenishing because of no high concentration methanol, cause the fuel bath methanol concentration low excessively, influence fuel cell module 130 performances.After the methanol fuel in the fuel make up unit 120 used totally, flow detects unit 121 can produce alarm signals, earlier system is stopped, and with abnormal show in output, notify the user to change or postcombustion supply unit 120 after, proceed generating again.
Though the present invention with concrete preferred embodiment openly as above; right its is not in order to limit the present invention; any art technology ordinary person; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; still can do a little change and retouching, so protection scope of the present invention is when being as the criterion with the scope that claim was defined of enclosing.
Claims (25)
1. fuel cell system comprises:
One fuel bath;
One fuel make up unit connects this fuel bath, so that this fuel bath is replenished one first fuel;
One battery module connects this fuel bath, and this fuel bath provides one second fuel to this battery module, and this battery module produces one first gas;
The unit is reclaimed in one condensation, connects this battery module, being a withdrawal liquid with this first condensation of gas;
One liquid level adjustment unit connects this fuel bath and this condensation and reclaims the unit, and this liquid level adjustment unit imports this fuel bath with this withdrawal liquid, fixes with the liquid level of controlling this second fuel in this fuel bath;
One detecting unit electrically connects this battery module, and this detecting unit detects the current signal that this battery module provides;
One control unit, electrically connect this detecting unit and this fuel make up unit, this control unit calculates the magnitude of current that this battery module provides according to this current signal, when this magnitude of current reached a preset value, this control unit drove this first fuel and is added to this fuel bath from this fuel make up unit.
2. fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the concentration of this first fuel is higher than 50vol%, and the concentration of this second fuel is lower than 10vol%.
3. fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, this first fuel is methyl alcohol, this second fuel is methanol aqueous solution.
4. fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, it also comprises a presser unit, this presser unit provides an operating pressure to this fuel cell system, and brings this first gas into this condensation and reclaim in the unit, and then this withdrawal liquid is reclaimed in condensation.
5. fuel cell system as claimed in claim 4, wherein, this condensation is reclaimed the unit and is comprised that a condenser, a fan group and reclaim tank, this first gas is driven through this condenser by this presser unit, by this fan group cooling, this condenser is this withdrawal liquid with this first condensation of gas, and this withdrawal liquid flows into this recovery tank and stores.
6. fuel cell system as claimed in claim 5, wherein, this liquid level adjustment unit connects this recovery tank and this fuel bath, and when the liquid level of this second fuel in this fuel bath descended, this liquid level adjustment unit was regulated and control this withdrawal liquid and injected this fuel bath from this recovery tank.
7. fuel cell system as claimed in claim 6, wherein, this liquid level adjustment unit comprises a feed pipe and a blast pipe, this feed pipe connects this recovery tank and this fuel bath, this blast pipe connects this recovery tank and this fuel bath, when the liquid level of this second fuel in this fuel bath was lower than a port of export of this blast pipe, this withdrawal liquid entered this fuel bath from this recovery tank through this feed pipe.
8. fuel cell system as claimed in claim 7, wherein, when the liquid level of this second fuel in this fuel bath was positioned at this port of export of this blast pipe, this withdrawal liquid stopped to inject this fuel bath.
9. fuel cell system as claimed in claim 8, wherein, when the liquid level of this second fuel in this fuel bath was positioned at this port of export of this blast pipe, the gas pressure in this fuel bath was about 0.15kg/cm
2
10. fuel cell system as claimed in claim 7, wherein, this recovery tank has an exhaust outlet, and one second gas passes through this blast pipe and this accumulator tank from this fuel bath, and discharges in this recovery tank from this exhaust outlet.
11. fuel cell system as claimed in claim 10, wherein, this second gas is carbon dioxide.
12. fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, this detecting unit detects a voltage signal that this battery module provides and a temperature signal of this battery module, and this control unit replenishes this first fuel according to this voltage signal and this temperature signal to this fuel bath.
13. fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, it also comprises a critical liquid level detector, this critical liquid level detector is located among this fuel bath, when the liquid level of this second fuel in this fuel bath drops to a critical liquid level, this critical liquid level detector provides a minimum detectable signal to this control unit, and this control unit stops the operation of this fuel cell system according to this minimum detectable signal.
14. a fuel supplement method comprises:
Fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1 is provided;
This detecting unit detects a voltage signal that this battery module provides and a temperature signal of this battery module;
When this magnitude of current reaches this preset value, this control unit drives this first fuel and is added to this fuel bath from this fuel make up unit, wherein, this first fuel has one first magnitude of recruitment and one second magnitude of recruitment, this first magnitude of recruitment is a definite value, and this control unit calculates this second magnitude of recruitment according to this voltage signal and this temperature signal.
15. fuel supplement method as claimed in claim 14, wherein, the concentration of this first fuel is higher than 50vol%, and the concentration of this second fuel is lower than 10vol%.
16. fuel supplement method as claimed in claim 14, wherein, this first fuel is methyl alcohol, and this second fuel is methanol aqueous solution.
17. fuel supplement method as claimed in claim 14, it also comprises provides a presser unit, and this presser unit provides an operating pressure to this fuel cell system, and brings this first gas into this condensation and reclaim in the unit, and then this withdrawal liquid is reclaimed in condensation.
18. fuel supplement method as claimed in claim 14, wherein, this condensation is reclaimed the unit and is comprised that a condenser, a fan group and reclaim tank, this first gas is driven through this condenser by this presser unit, by this fan group cooling, this condenser is this withdrawal liquid with this first condensation of gas, and this withdrawal liquid flows into this recovery tank and stores.
19. fuel supplement method as claimed in claim 18, wherein, this liquid level adjustment unit connects this recovery tank and this fuel bath, and when the liquid level of this second fuel in this fuel bath descended, this liquid level adjustment unit was regulated and control this withdrawal liquid and injected this fuel bath from this recovery tank.
20. fuel supplement method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, this liquid level adjustment unit comprises a feed pipe and a blast pipe, this feed pipe connects this recovery tank and this fuel bath, this blast pipe connects this recovery tank and this fuel bath, when the liquid level of this second fuel in this fuel bath was lower than a port of export of this blast pipe, this withdrawal liquid entered this fuel bath from this recovery tank through this feed pipe.
21. fuel supplement method as claimed in claim 20, wherein, when the liquid level of this second fuel in this fuel bath was positioned at this port of export of this blast pipe, this withdrawal liquid stopped to inject this fuel bath.
22. fuel supplement method as claimed in claim 21, wherein, when the liquid level of this second fuel in this fuel bath was positioned at this port of export of this blast pipe, the gas pressure in this fuel bath was about 0.15kg/cm
2
23. fuel supplement method as claimed in claim 20, wherein, this recovery tank has an exhaust outlet, and one second gas passes through this blast pipe and this accumulator tank from this fuel bath, and discharges in this recovery tank from this exhaust outlet.
24. fuel supplement method as claimed in claim 23, wherein, this second gas is carbon dioxide.
25. fuel supplement method as claimed in claim 14, it also comprises a critical liquid level detector, this critical liquid level detector is located among this fuel bath, when the liquid level of this second fuel in this fuel bath drops to a critical liquid level, this critical liquid level detector provides a minimum detectable signal to this control unit, and this control unit stops the operation of this fuel cell system according to this minimum detectable signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101603221A CN101989659A (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2009-08-07 | Fuel cell system and fuel supplementing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101603221A CN101989659A (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2009-08-07 | Fuel cell system and fuel supplementing method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101989659A true CN101989659A (en) | 2011-03-23 |
Family
ID=43746088
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101603221A Pending CN101989659A (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2009-08-07 | Fuel cell system and fuel supplementing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101989659A (en) |
-
2009
- 2009-08-07 CN CN2009101603221A patent/CN101989659A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20110323 |