CN101988383B - Utilize the method for flue gas original position destructive distillation subterranean coal - Google Patents
Utilize the method for flue gas original position destructive distillation subterranean coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN101988383B CN101988383B CN201010268013.9A CN201010268013A CN101988383B CN 101988383 B CN101988383 B CN 101988383B CN 201010268013 A CN201010268013 A CN 201010268013A CN 101988383 B CN101988383 B CN 101988383B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flue gas that utilizes and the method for original position destructive distillation is carried out to subterranean coal, comprise flue gas and oxygen jointly or successively to pass in subterranean coal and original position destructive distillation is carried out to coal, thus the semicoke after the destructive distillation producing dry distillation gas and be retained in original position.After the above step or simultaneously, in this semicoke, oxygen and/or steam is passed into, to gasify to semicoke further.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flue gas Application way, particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of flue gas that utilizes and the method for original position destructive distillation is carried out to the coal in subterranean coal.
Background technology
In using energy source process, topmost object is fully converted into various energy forms (as electric energy and various products etc.) easy to use by rational Land use systems primary energy (as coal, oil, natural gas etc.) exactly, and the mode as far as possible by recycling in the process of energy conversion reduces energy loss.In the field of coal utilization; usually can produce by conventional power plants burning coal mode that converting heat is electric energy or produce electric energy by the mode that integrated gasification combined cycle plants (IGCC) generating is converted into electric energy, then electric energy be transported to factory and be converted into various product.In this process, power plant and gas turbine outlet all can produce high-temperature flue gas (about 500-650 DEG C).Equally, also can produce hot flue gases in Industrial Stoves calcining materials process, the flue gas of heat can be produced in workshop sections such as chemical plant gasifications.The flue gas of this high temperature can be recycled in fact in a lot of industry, as heating industry, chemical industry, cement industry, steel industry etc., but due to the disposal and utilization demand fulfillment environment of these carbon containing waste heat gases and the requirement of use cost, therefore seldom industry reasonably uses these flue gases, and this also causes a large amount of loss of the heat of flue gas and the limitation of flue gas Btu utilization.Generally reclaimed by waste heat boiler and other the waste heat of residual neat recovering system to this high-temperature flue gas at treatment and finishing section.But so only the residual heat resources of high-temperature flue gas can be utilized 50-70%, still have a large amount of residual heat resources and waste, higher efficiency can not be reached.In addition, from the pollutant that in the flue gas of electric power enterprise, heating power enterprise and Industrial Stoves, also implication is a large amount of as NOx, SOx, dust and heavy metal etc., how to remove these pollutants flue gas is reached problem that discharge standard is also people's headache always cost-effectively.
Patent CN101063404 (boiler flue gas reclaiming full gaseous state pouring well oil production device) and patent CN101063406 (boiler flue reclaiming CO 2 liquify pouring well oil production device) devise a kind of can recovery boiler flue gas, liquefied carbon dioxide, nitrogen together inject the boiler flue reclaiming clean-up pouring oil production device of oil mining viscous crude with steam.This invention purifies the carbon dioxide of generation, nitrogen in the steam and flue gas mainly utilizing boiler to produce to carry out pouring oil production, wherein more heat energy is consumed to the purification of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, sufficient Btu utilization is not carried out to boiler smoke, being provided with scrubbing tower at exhanst gas outlet on the contrary directly makes heat loss fall, and its heat is not fully utilized.
Patent CN200510031682.3, CN201129947, CN1392386 devise different technologies for the exhaust pass gas of ceramic industry kiln, coal-burning boiler, smelting furnace respectively and recycle it.These three kinds of patents are adopted as other enterprise respectively and provide low-temperature heat source, adopting the mode such as recover, preheating raw material to reclaiming.But these technology substantially rest in a system recycle or utilize the flue gas of low temperature to carry out recyclings fume afterheat, its efficiency is not high, and can not by discharge fume in pollutant carry out good removing.
In collection coal bed gas and oil recovery process, usually in subterranean coal or oil reservoir, pass into gas and assist exploitation.
Patent CN101418679A, CN101503957A describe a kind of method carrying out exploiting coal bed methane by injecting high-temperature high-pressure steam heating coal seam to subterranean coal.This technology utilizes high-temperature high-pressure steam to improve the permeability in coal seam, and the exploitation for the coal bed gas in hypotonicity coal seam has good effect.But this technology is only applicable to coal-bed gas exploitation field, to not having the low-order coal of coal bed gas, discarded coal resource cannot apply.
Patent US4393934 describes a kind of by injecting CO to coal underground gasifying furnace
2, amine substance, flue gas, the mixture such as alcohol improve the infiltrative technology in coal seam.This technology blasts the permeability that some wettable volatile materials or flue gases etc. improve coal seam, the recovery of part can be carried out to flue gas, but it utilizes the permeability being only limitted to improve coal seam, complete design and consideration are not carried out to whole system, so the heat in flue gas can not be utilized completely.
Patent CN101113666 (a kind of coal bed gas mining novel technology) devises a kind of coal bed gas mining novel technology, this technology is by arranging the air inlet well of vertical shaft and horizontal expansion passage, high-pressure fluid is utilized to carry out frac treatment to coal seam, by injecting pressure-air or high pressure oxygen in air inlet well, at air inlet well with go out to set up between gas well the gas channel that cracks in coal seam forms, high-temperature flue gas re-injection air inlet well after the part coal bed gas burning that well array of giving vent to anger is gone out, then supply oxygen in subterranean coal is progressively stopped, when stable state is produced, only by high-temperature flue gas, destructive distillation is carried out to coal, and maintain out the stable aerogenesis of gas well.The shortcoming of this technology utilizes the high-quality coal bed gas of self output to carry out re-injection again of burning, and reduces coal bed gas recovery ratio, also reduce the efficiency of whole system simultaneously.In addition, the limitation part of this technology is that it can only be used in the higher coal seam containing coal bed gas of degree of metamorphism, such as, based in the coal seam of bituminous coal, anthracite etc.
Summary of the invention
First aspect, the invention discloses a kind of flue gas that utilizes and the method for original position destructive distillation is carried out to subterranean coal, comprise flue gas and oxygen jointly or successively to pass in subterranean coal and original position destructive distillation is carried out to coal, thus the semicoke after the destructive distillation producing dry distillation gas and be retained in original position.
Second aspect, the invention discloses a kind of flue gas that utilizes and carries out the method for original position destructive distillation to subterranean coal, comprise the following steps:
A., air inlet well and go out gas well is set, they all from earth drilling to subterranean coal in, and get through at least one gas passage at air inlet well with in going out between gas well subterranean coal; Then,
B. flue gas and oxygen are passed into jointly or successively to carry out original position destructive distillation to coal in described gas passage, thus the semicoke after the destructive distillation producing dry distillation gas and be retained in original position.
The third aspect, the invention discloses a kind of flue gas that utilizes and carries out the method for original position destructive distillation to subterranean coal, comprise the following steps:
A., air inlet well and go out gas well is set, they all from earth drilling to subterranean coal in, and get through at least one gas passage at air inlet well with in going out between gas well subterranean coal; Then,
B. flue gas and oxygen are passed into jointly or successively to carry out original position destructive distillation to coal in described gas passage, thus the semicoke after the destructive distillation producing dry distillation gas and be retained in original position; Then, or with step b side by side,
C. in the semicoke after described destructive distillation, other oxygen and/or steam is passed into gasify to this semicoke further.
Accompanying drawing is sketched
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the temperature variant figure of gas componant of dry distillation gas, and data wherein carry out the experiment of original position destructive distillation from utilizing flue gas to coal seam.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
In a first aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of flue gas that utilizes and the method for original position destructive distillation is carried out to subterranean coal, comprise flue gas and oxygen jointly or successively to pass in subterranean coal and original position destructive distillation is carried out to coal, thus the semicoke after the destructive distillation producing dry distillation gas and be retained in original position.Below from several aspect, a first aspect of the present invention is described respectively.
Described flue gas comes from the high-temperature tail gas of the equipment exhausting such as gas turbine, calcining furnace, kiln, coal-burning boiler in thermal power generation industry, heat supply industry, chemical industry, cement sectors, steel industry etc., and it is generally in the condition of high temperature, such as about 500-650 DEG C.And generally containing a certain amount of dust in this flue gas, depend on device type, the dust content difference in flue gas is also larger, such as, the dust content of coal-burning boiler output flue gas is comparatively large, can reach more than 30%; And the carbon containing waste heat gas dust content of chemical plant output can be less than 0.5%.In order to prevent dust from blocking pressurization system, dust arrester can be set as required dust removal process is carried out to flue gas.For the flue gas that dust content is less, dust removal process need not be carried out.For the flue gas that dust content is larger, then preferably its before being passed in subterranean coal through dust removal process.If carry out dust removal process, then preferably before flue gas and oxygen mix, dust removal process is carried out to it.Dedusting can be carried out in dust arrester, can use any suitable dust arrester in this area, such as cyclone dust collectors etc.After dust arrester, the dust that particle diameter is larger can be removed more than 90%.
Oxygen then provides in modes such as purity oxygen, air, oxygen-enriched air.Wherein oxygen-enriched air refers to the mist of air and oxygen, and wherein the percentage by volume of oxygen is greater than 21%.Therefore, the mixture of above-mentioned flue gas and oxygen in fact also can be the mixture of flue gas and purity oxygen, air, oxygen-enriched air etc.
By any suitable mixing arrangement such as mixed pipe line etc. by flue gas and oxygen mix, the mixed proportion of flue gas and oxygen does not have particular/special requirement, according to the needs of coal degree of metamorphism, subterranean coal geological and hydrological conditions, the two mixed mixture temperature, on the way heat waste, underground dry distillation of coal temperature and whether can inject the combined factors decisions such as oxygen to subterranean coal separately.Such as, in one embodiment, in mixed mixture, the volume ratio of flue gas and oxygen can be 85: 15 to 95: 5, can certainly adopt other suitable volume ratio any.
By any suitable method, this flue gas and oxygen are delivered in subterranean coal jointly or successively.One method first the two is mixed, and then sent in subterranean coal by the mixture of gained.In this approach, a kind of common mode passes into into gas well mouth by the mixture of gained, then allows it be transported in subterranean coal along air inlet well.But carry like this, heat in flue gas is because rock material (the such as basalt of the borehole wall with formation air inlet well, mix stone cement etc.) directly contact and dispel the heat on the way, so incur loss, can reduce to be delivered to temperature during subterranean coal, dry distillation efficiency is caused to decline, therefore preferred mode of movement is passed in subterranean coal by pipeline by the mixture of described flue gas and oxygen, because have air to exist between duct wall and the air inlet well borehole wall, therefore then first the heat radiation of flue gas will could arrive the air inlet well borehole wall by this layer of air, and the coefficient of thermal conductivity of air will lower than the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the material of the formation air inlet well borehole wall, therefore thermal loss on the way can be reduced.Another kind of method flue gas and oxygen being transported to jointly subterranean coal the two to be passed into respectively in subterranean coal by respective pipeline then to mix at subterranean coal situ.First flue gas can also be sent in subterranean coal, then oxygen is sent in subterranean coal.
This flue gas and oxygen enter after in subterranean coal jointly or successively, utilize the waste heat of flue gas to heat subterranean coal to carry out original position destructive distillation to it.The waste heat gas of about 500-650 DEG C can meet part coal seam and be heated and produce the requirement of carbonization gas, because the coal of part low metamorphic grade is as peat, brown coal etc., its pyrolysis is generally about 200 DEG C beginnings, reach the peak value of pyrolysis gas gas production at about 450 DEG C, can pyrolysis complete about 600 DEG C major parts.And the effect of oxygen be under the high temperature provided in flue gas with part of coal generation combustion reaction, to release heat, for maintaining the pyrolysis temperature of subterranean coal.Destructive distillation as herein described refers to heats to make its pyrolysis produce the process of escaping gas composition such as dry distillation gas to coal.Wherein the main component of dry distillation gas is CH
4, CO, H
2, CO
2.In addition, in method of the present invention, while retort process, also react along with there is oxidation reaction that some carbon and oxygen occurs and carbon dioxide and carbon the process generating carbon monoxide.These adjoint reactions or provide and maintain heat needed for pyrolysis temperature, or produce some fuel gas further, be all useful.Semicoke after such retort process produces dry distillation gas and is retained in the destructive distillation of original position.Wherein dry distillation gas passes through gas well and gathers on ground, uses after process further as gaseous fuel.Semicoke after destructive distillation is then retained in original position, and this can keep the original form in coal seam substantially, prevents intrusion and the surface collapse of underground water.And such semicoke causes permeability and reactivity all greatly to improve because of its porous character, this is conducive to next carrying out original position gasification to it.
Formerly flue gas and oxygen mix are transported in the embodiment in subterranean coal again, also by other pipeline, extra oxygen are input in subterranean coal.The object done so is also to provide extra oxygen to react releases heat with coal generation situ combustion, so that the temperature maintained in subterranean coal is in coal carbonization temperature, and providing the flexibility of manipulation.Its beneficial effect is had compared with the scheme be input to again after all being mixed with flue gas by whole oxygen in subterranean coal by the oxygen outside the other pipeline amount of imports.Because industrial normally used oxygen is the oxygen under normal temperature, if this normal temperature oxygen is all first mixed with flue gas and passes into underground again, then the temperature of mixed mixture may be made too low when oxygen incorporation is excessive, cause this mixture to be difficult to when being introduced in subterranean coal cause retort process, and be difficult to cause oxygen and burning of coal and react.Therefore, if desired, the temperature that can arrange on air inlet pipeline when assisted heating device enters coal seam to ensure the mixture of flue gas and oxygen is enough to cause original position destructive distillation and the partial combustion of coal.But preferred way part of oxygen is mixed with flue gas and makes the temperature of mixture still be enough to cause the retort process of subterranean coal, and be enough to the combustion reaction causing coal and oxygen, another part oxygen is then after underground retoring and combustion process cause, introduced by other pipeline, to maintain this combustion process, and then maintenance pyrolysis temperature, and by adjust separately this extra oxygen supply to adjust pyrolysis temperature, this provide subsurface temperature control convenience and flexibility.In one embodiment, the amount of this extra oxygen is the 5-15 volume % of the amount of flue gas.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of flue gas that utilizes and the method for original position destructive distillation carried out to subterranean coal, comprise the following steps:
A., air inlet well and go out gas well is set, they all from earth drilling to subterranean coal in, and get through at least one gas passage at air inlet well with in going out between gas well subterranean coal; Then,
B. flue gas and oxygen are passed into jointly or successively to carry out original position destructive distillation to coal in described gas passage, thus the semicoke after the destructive distillation producing dry distillation gas and be retained in original position.
Wherein, in step a, by any suitable boring method from ground drilling to subterranean coal, and the well being wherein used for the mixture inputting flue gas and oxygen is called air inlet well, and the well being used for exporting dry distillation gas is called gas well.At least one gas passage is got through, to set up gas from entering gas well mouth to subterranean coal again to the passage going out the unimpeded flowing of gas well mouth at air inlet well with in going out between gas well subterranean coal by any suitable method.This gas passage coal seam is on the way exactly the coal seam of standing original position destructive distillation.By by high pressure gas fracturing method or hydrofracturing method or drill through the methods such as method and get through described at least one gas passage at air inlet well with in going out between gas well subterranean coal.These methods are all well known in the art, do not repeat them here.
In stepb, its each side is all identical with each side described in a first aspect of the present invention.
In a third aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of flue gas that utilizes and the method for original position destructive distillation carried out to subterranean coal, comprise the following steps:
A., air inlet well and go out gas well is set, they all from earth drilling to subterranean coal in, and get through at least one gas passage at air inlet well with in going out between gas well subterranean coal; Then,
B. flue gas and oxygen are passed into jointly or successively to carry out original position destructive distillation to coal in described gas passage, thus the semicoke after the destructive distillation producing dry distillation gas and be retained in original position; Then, or with step b side by side,
C. in the semicoke after described destructive distillation, other oxygen and/or steam is passed into gasify to this semicoke further.
Wherein, the step a of this third aspect is identical with b with the step a of a second aspect of the present invention with b, repeats no more.
In the step c of this third aspect, by passing into other oxygen and/or steam again in the semicoke after destructive distillation, this oxygen and/or steam and porous can be made and the semicoke generation original position gasification reaction of high response, produce the fuel gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen and methane further.This fuel gas also passes through gas well and outputs to ground, as gaseous fuel.It should be noted that, this step c can carry out after step b, also can carry out with step b simultaneously.
In above a first aspect of the present invention, second aspect and the third aspect, all to guarantee that gas flowing is unimpeded, thus to make the mixture of flue gas and oxygen enter into during gas well mouth in the pressure of gauge pressure higher than it from entering the gas passage of gas well mouth in subterranean coal to the loss of total pressure on the way gone out between gas well mouth.Way is the circulation area expanding air inlet well, gasification tunnel and go out gas well, to reduce flow resistance; Another kind method makes the mixture of flue gas and oxygen before entering air inlet well, be pressurized device such as supercharger supercharging, in make its enter into during gas well mouth with the pressure of gauge pressure higher than gas enter gas well mouth and and the loss of total pressure on the way that goes out between gas well mouth; Or the two methods combining carries out.
Embodiment
Composition graphs 1 couple of the present invention carries out exemplary illustration, and embodiment and accompanying drawing are not all construed as limiting the invention.
To utilize flue gas, the experiment of original position destructive distillation is carried out to coal seam.Temperature is 650 DEG C and the cement burning furnace flue gas that dustiness is 30% passes in dust arrester 1, remove the dust of wherein 90%, then carried by transfer pipeline 2, and with from the oxygen mix of curing by oxygen therapy pipeline 3, then by air inlet pipeline 4 mixture delivered in the gas passage 5 in subterranean coal, carry out original position destructive distillation and gasification to coal seam on the way, the dry distillation gas of generation is delivered on ground, for utilization by outlet pipe 6.
The gas composition of the dry distillation gas obtained under different coal seam temperature has been shown in Fig. 2, with volume percentage.Coal seam temperature can be regulated according to the composition of required dry distillation gas.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1, effective utilization of flue gas waste heat: the present invention utilizes flue gas and oxygen is common or successively injecting subterranean coal carries out In Situ Heating to subterranean coal, and meet the heat of the oxidized generation of oxygen by utilizing coal seam to be heated, maintain destructive distillation to continue to carry out, by making coal seam destructive distillation output coal gas, recovery of subterranean coal seam, fully recycle the used heat of flue gas, and the high recovery rate of subterranean coal gas or dry distillation gas can have been realized.
2, decreasing pollution: some in flue gas are easily adsorbed and the pollutant that participates in reacting also as heavy metal element, SOx, NOx can deposit or adsorb in subterranean coal, eliminate the pollution be directly discharged in air.
3, carbon emission is reduced: the carbon dioxide in flue gas generates carbon monoxide with subterranean coal reaction in-situ in the present invention, has both decreased the direct discharge of carbon dioxide, can make a silk purse out of a sow's ear again, process gas fuel.
4, simplify flue gas aftertreatment technology: in traditional flue gas last handling process, due to the requirement of environmental protection, need to arrange the post-processing steps such as a large amount of dedusting, desulphurization and denitration, purification, just can utilize further or discharge; Flue gas can be made to be utilized further after the present invention then only needs dedusting, eliminate all the other steps, simplify technique.
5, the scope of application is wide: in traditional progress of coal mining, due to the restriction by safety, economy and Mining technology condition, can not to " three times " coal seam (under water body, under road, under city) and the coal of low metamorphic grade carry out exploiting and utilizing, cause the waste of resource.And the present invention can realize the utilization of the coal of " three times " coal seam and low metamorphic grade.Method in art methods CN101113666 be mainly used in degree of metamorphism higher containing coal bed gas coal seam such as bituminous coal, anthracite coal seam in, for low-disintegration coal kind (as peat, brown coal etc.) then poor effect.And the present invention adopts flue gas and oxygen to blast underground, then directly heat coal seam and produce carbonization gas, and no matter whether coal seam itself is containing coal bed gas, this feature makes the present invention be applicable to low rotten coal, as peat, brown coal, weak caking coal etc., and be particularly useful for the severe situation of geological conditions, such as to " three times ", coal seam (under water, under road, under city) or geological hydrology inclement condition (especially roof and aquifer near, there is the coal seam of environmental risk in underground coal mining) farthest utilize, the present invention can be utilized from these coal seams to exploit its carbonization gas, semicoke after destructive distillation can ensure the original position in coal seam, prevent and underground water conducting and surface collapse.In addition for the coal seam under some geological conditionss be relatively good, can the method for first the application of the invention by subterranean coal destructive distillation, increase the permeability in coal seam, and then carry out underground gasification, be conducive to the stability contorting of Underground Coal Gasification Process.
Claims (7)
1. utilize high-temperature flue gas to carry out a method for original position destructive distillation to subterranean coal, comprise the following steps:
A. arrange air inlet well and go out gas well, they all get into subterranean coal from ground, and get through at least one gas passage at air inlet well with in going out between gas well subterranean coal; Then,
B. high-temperature flue gas and oxygen are passed in described gas passage jointly or successively to carry out original position destructive distillation to coal, thus the semicoke after the destructive distillation producing dry distillation gas and be retained in original position, the temperature of described high-temperature flue gas is 500-650 DEG C, and described flue gas comes from the high-temperature tail gas of gas turbine in thermal power generation industry, heat supply industry, chemical industry, cement sectors, steel industry, calcining furnace, kiln, coal-burning boiler equipment exhausting; Then, or side by side,
C. in the semicoke after described destructive distillation, other oxygen and/or steam is passed into gasify to this semicoke further.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein first by described high-temperature flue gas and oxygen mix and then be passed in subterranean coal by pipeline by the mixture of gained.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein by independently pipeline high-temperature flue gas and oxygen are passed in subterranean coal respectively make again both mix at subterranean coal situ.
4. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises and being input in subterranean coal by extra oxygen by other pipeline.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the amount of wherein extra oxygen is the 5-15 volume % of the amount of high-temperature flue gas.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein by getting through described at least one gas passage by high pressure gas fracturing method or hydrofracturing method or the method that drills through at air inlet well with in going out between gas well subterranean coal.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the gas wherein making to enter air inlet well enter into during gas well mouth in the pressure of gauge pressure higher than it from entering gas well mouth through subterranean coal to the loss of total pressure on the way gone out between gas well mouth.
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| US9435184B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2016-09-06 | Carbon Energy Limited | Sacrificial liner linkages for auto-shortening an injection pipe for underground coal gasification |
| CN103541714B (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2016-06-15 | 新奥气化采煤有限公司 | Shower nozzle and coal underground gasification method |
| CN104533368B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-09-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Application and system of a kind of combustion in situ flue gas in oil reservoir exploitation |
| CN111188594B (en) * | 2020-02-22 | 2021-11-19 | 太原理工大学 | Old goaf coal slime water gas-liquid fluidized mining device and method |
| CN113738325B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-05-20 | 西安交通大学 | System for rich oil coal normal position pyrolysis and carbon entrapment coupling |
| CN115287100B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2023-06-27 | 西安交通大学 | Underground in-situ gasification-pyrolysis-waste heat utilization integrated system for oil-rich coal |
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