CN113738325B - System for rich oil coal normal position pyrolysis and carbon entrapment coupling - Google Patents
System for rich oil coal normal position pyrolysis and carbon entrapment coupling Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 36
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 small molecule hydrocarbon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/243—Combustion in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/295—Gasification of minerals, e.g. for producing mixtures of combustible gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/70—Combining sequestration of CO2 and exploitation of hydrocarbons by injecting CO2 or carbonated water in oil wells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for coupling in-situ pyrolysis and carbon capture of rich coal, which comprises a power station oxygen-enriched combustion boiler, a compressor, an air separation device, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separation device and a boiler air preheater. Aiming at fuels such as oil-rich coal and the like with high tar yield and easy decomposition by heating to generate oil gas, the invention adopts flue gas at the tail part of an oxygen-enriched combustion power station boiler to heat an underground coal bed, realizes in-situ pyrolysis oil extraction of coal and completes energy gradient utilization in the in-situ coal pyrolysis process. The oil produced during pyrolysis is extracted, the remaining material is fully utilized, and carbon dioxide is captured. The fuel is input into the whole system, the process comprising electric energy and oil is output, and pollutants and carbon dioxide are not discharged. The system realizes the clean and efficient utilization of the rich oil coal in the in-situ pyrolysis process, and promotes the aim of energy carbon neutralization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system for coupling in-situ pyrolysis and carbon capture of oil-rich coal.
Background
The development of unconventional oil and gas resources provides an alternative path to the supply of oil, which can be pyrolyzed by heating to produce considerable quantities of oil and gas products. The coal is subjected to pyrolysis conversion, so that direct combustion of the coal can be avoided, pollution to the atmosphere is reduced, and the national energy safety is enhanced. The conventional oil production process in a refining furnace after being mined to the ground generates a great deal of pollution, and the pyrolysis residue with low volatile components after pyrolysis is also a great amount of solid waste, which can pollute the soil on the ground surface if not treated properly. The underground in-situ pyrolysis is a new mode which can reduce the pollution to the atmosphere and soil, the heating pyrolysis extraction process is carried out underground, but the pyrolysis process needs a large amount of heat energy to heat the stratum, so that the system heat energy utilization in the heating process and the heat energy recovery after the heating process are very important.
Oxyfuel combustion also known as O2/CO2Combustion, can efficiently trap CO2And carbon emission to the atmosphere is reduced. As heat energy is needed to enter the stratum in the pyrolysis process, the flue gas generated by oxygen-enriched combustion heats the stratum, so that the carbon emission of the whole pyrolysis system to the outside can be reduced, and the aim of carbon neutralization in the future can be fulfilled. Therefore, the development of a system for extracting oil by oxygen-enriched combustion and in-situ pyrolysis of underground coal has great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
For solid fuels with high volatile components such as oil-rich coal, oil and gas can be extracted by a pyrolysis method, but a large amount of pollution is generated due to the pyrolysis of the above-ground coal. The invention relates to a system for coupling in-situ pyrolysis and carbon capture of oil-rich coal, which is a method for heating an underground coal bed by extracting tail flue gas of an oxygen-enriched combustion boiler of a power station, preparing oil gas by in-situ pyrolysis of the oil-rich coal and fully utilizing waste heat of the flue gas, thereby realizing efficient sludge co-combustion in the power station boiler, and mainly comprises an in-situ coal pyrolysis part, a waste heat utilization part of a product, the oxygen-enriched combustion power station boiler, an air separation device and other equipment.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a system for coupling in-situ pyrolysis and carbon capture of oil-rich coal comprises an oxygen-enriched combustion boiler, a compressor, an air separation device, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separation device and a boiler air preheater of a power station;
power station oxygen-enriched combustion boiler combustion to generate high-temperature CO2The hot steam of the boiler heated by burning is used for generating electricity,high temperature CO produced by combustion in flue2Flue gas is used for underground coal pyrolysis; CO extracted from flue by compressor2Supercritical CO pressurized at high temperature2The coal bed can be penetrated into the coal bed to be fully pyrolyzed and organic matters generated by pyrolysis are dissolved;
the method comprises the steps that cold energy of an air separation device in an oxygen-enriched combustion power station is utilized, low-temperature pure oxygen separated out by air is introduced into an underground coal seam, a freezing wall of the coal seam is manufactured to separate a pyrolysis zone from a non-pyrolysis zone, the pure oxygen discharged from a heat exchanger in the freezing wall is introduced into a gas-liquid separator to exchange heat with pyrolysis products, the temperature of the pyrolysis products is fully reduced, the pyrolysis products are condensed to form liquid oil to be separated, meanwhile, the temperature of the pure oxygen is increased, and the products after coal pyrolysis are sent into the heat exchanger for heating water;
then the extracted gas is sent into a gas-liquid separator to be cooled to normal temperature, oil products are separated, water in the pyrolysis gas is removed, the uncondensed gas in the pyrolysis products contains organic gas, the organic gas is sent into a boiler reburning area to be continuously burnt, and NO generated by partial combustion can be reduced in a fuel-rich areax；
The pure oxygen and the circulating carbon dioxide are subjected to heat exchange by the gas-liquid separator and then mixed to form primary air, the primary air is sent into an air preheater of the boiler to be continuously heated, and the primary air carries fuel to enter a hearth for combustion;
when the set value is mined in the first coal seam block, opening a first valve to allow high-temperature gas to enter the second coal seam block to start preheating the second coal seam block, and simultaneously, the preheating time of the second coal seam block is advanced, so that the second coal seam block can synchronously follow up oil production after the oil production of the first coal seam block is finished; after the in-situ pyrolysis extraction of oil and gas in the first coal seam block is finished, after the oil extraction is finished, closing the first valve, the second valve and the third valve, introducing the flue gas at the tail part of the boiler into the coal seam, absorbing the residual heat of the coal seam into the flue gas, and then sending the flue gas back to the boiler hearth; CO in part of boiler tail flue2The coal bed is extracted and heated, and can be recycled into the hearth, and the redundant part is subjected to carbon dioxide capture.
A further improvement of the present invention is that the organic matter produced by pyrolysis is a mixture comprising liquid oil and gas at ambient temperature.
In a further development of the invention, the organic gas contains CH4、C2H6Such small molecules.
The invention is further improved by adopting high-temperature CO generated by the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler of the power station2The flue gas is introduced into the first coal seam block for pyrolysis, and part of CO in the tail flue of the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler of the power station is extracted2And the additional heating equipment investment is reduced.
The invention is further improved in that the pyrolysis product of coal is fed into a heat exchanger for heating feed water, and the temperature of the pyrolysis product can be reduced to 350 ℃.
The further improvement of the invention is that after the oil extraction of the first coal seam area is finished, the low-temperature flue gas with the temperature not higher than 120 ℃ at the tail end of the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler of the power station is introduced into the coal seam, the waste heat of the 600 ℃ in the coal seam is absorbed into the flue gas, and then the flue gas is sent back to the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler of the power station, so that the flue gas recirculation is realized.
A further development of the invention is that the high-temperature CO2The flow path in the first coal seam block is serpentine.
The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) the flue gas through extraction oxygen boosting burning power plant boiler afterbody heats the underground coal seam and carries out the preparation of oil gas, can reduce extra energy input to obtain abundant utilization with the flue gas heat energy of boiler, reduced the energy resource consumption of whole system.
(2) Because the oxygen-enriched combustion technology needs a large amount of pure oxygen, a large amount of idle cold energy is arranged in the air separation device, the pure oxygen cold energy generated in the air separation device is used for freezing a freezing wall under a coal seam, the cold energy of the air separation device is utilized, the freezing wall is generated, and the pollution of the pyrolysis process to the underground is reduced.
(3) All the residual heat generated in the in-situ pyrolysis process is utilized by various devices in the system, such as an oxygen-enriched combustion boiler (1) of a power station, a heat exchanger (7) for heating feed water and a gas-liquid separation device (8), so that the cascade utilization of energy is realized.
(4) In the system, only fuel is input, oil products and electric energy are output, no additional pollutants are generated, and all carbon dioxide is circularly captured to realize carbon neutralization externally.
(5) The system adopts the design of the snake-shaped airflow channel and the method for preheating the second coal seam block in advance, which is beneficial to shortening the time required by oil production and improving the oil yield in unit time.
(6) The in-situ pyrolysis is carried out underground, so that the pollution to the ground and the atmosphere is reduced, the coal with low additional value is pyrolyzed, the oil gas with high additional value and higher heat value is generated, better economic benefit is provided, and the carbon emission of the oil gas with unit heat value is lower than that of the coal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for in-situ pyrolysis and carbon capture of rich coal according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
the system comprises a power station oxygen-enriched combustion boiler 1, a compressor 2, an air separation device 3, a first coal bed block 4, a second coal bed block 5, a freezing wall 6, a heat exchanger 7 for heating feed water, a gas-liquid separation device 8, an oil product 9, circulating carbon dioxide 10, pure oxygen 11, primary air 12, organic gas 13, fuel 14, trapped carbon dioxide 15, a first valve 16, a second valve 17, a third valve 18 and a boiler air preheater 19.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the system for coupling in-situ pyrolysis and carbon capture of rich coal provided by the invention comprises an in-situ coal pyrolysis part consisting of a power station oxygen-enriched combustion boiler 1, a compressor 2, an air separation device 3, a first coal seam block 4, a second coal seam block 5, a freeze wall 6 and fuel 14; a heat exchanger 7 for heating feedwater, a gas-liquid separation device 8, an oil product 9, circulating carbon dioxide 10, pure oxygen 11, primary air 12, organic gas 13, fuel 14, trapped carbon dioxide 15, a first valve 16, a second valve 17, a third valve 18 and a waste heat utilization part of a boiler air preheater 19. The system comprehensively considers the optimization of the in-situ pyrolysis part, the waste heat utilization part and the carbon capture, develops the flue gas pyrolysis coal bed, comprehensively utilizes the waste heat of the pyrolyzed product, and separates the oil gas and the whole system carbon capture process.
The invention provides an in-situ pyrolysis and carbon capture coupled system for rich coal, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the pure oxygen 11 that air separator 3 produced is low in temperature, send this part of low temperature pure oxygen into the coal seam and carry out the heat transfer, has cooled the coal seam on the one hand and has formed freezing wall 6, and on the other hand has improved the temperature of pure oxygen 11, is convenient for reach follow-up pure oxygen 11 and gets into the primary air 12 temperature of power station oxygen boosting combustion boiler 1. The pure oxygen temperature that air separation plant produced is low, sends this part low temperature pure oxygen into the coal seam and carries out the heat transfer, has cooled off the coal seam on the one hand and has formed freezing wall, reduces the infiltration, pollutes the scheduling problem, and on the other hand has improved the temperature of pure oxygen, is convenient for reach follow-up pure oxygen and gets into the temperature that furnace becomes a wind.
(2) High-temperature flue gas (about 600 ℃) generated by the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler 1 of the power station enters the first coal seam block 4 after being compressed, and the content of the extracted flue gas can be properly adjusted due to the fact that the content of volatile components of residual products in the coal seam changes along with time in actual operation.
(3) The pyrolysis product enters the heat exchanger 7 for heating the water supply, so that the water supply temperature is increased, the power generation efficiency is improved, the temperature of the pyrolysis product is reduced, and the subsequent oil-gas separation is facilitated. The pyrolysis product can be reduced to about 350 ℃ in the water supply heating process, the gas-liquid separation device adopts a mode of cooling and rotating at the same time, the pyrolysis product is reduced to be lower than the liquefaction temperature of oil, the oil product in the oil product is condensed, and then the oil product is thrown out in a rotating mode. The cold source gas for cooling the pyrolysis product in the gas-liquid separator is circulating carbon dioxide and pure oxygen, and the circulating carbon dioxide and the pure oxygen are preheated and mixed into primary air which is sent to a hearth of the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler of the power station.
(4) The pyrolysis product enters a gas-liquid separation device 8 to further reduce the temperature, is condensed to produce oil, and is separated by the gas-liquid separation device to form an oil product.
(5) The organic gas 13 separated from the pyrolysis product is not easy to separate from the flue gas in the pyrolysis process, so that the organic gas enters a reburning area of the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler 1 of the power station for combustion, the calorific value of the gas is fully utilized, and meanwhile, a fuel-rich area is generated in a hearth to reduce NOxAnd (4) generating. The organic gas is small molecule hydrocarbon (such as CH)4，C2H6Etc.) are fed into the reburning area of the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler of the power station, which is beneficial to forming reducing atmosphere in a hearth and reducing NOxThe heat value of the organic gas is utilized, and the supply of the original fuel is reduced.
(6) The second coal seam block 5 and the first coal seam block 4 operate substantially the same, the only difference being that the second coal seam block 5 is preheated in advance to ensure uninterrupted oil production.
(7) CO produced in each part2And the circulating gas enters an oxygen-enriched combustion boiler 1 of the power station, and is finally collected in a tail end flue of a hearth uniformly. After the coal bed oil extraction is finished, the low-temperature flue gas (not higher than 120 ℃) at the tail end of the power station oxygen-enriched combustion boiler is introduced into the coal bed, the waste heat of the coal bed at 600 ℃ is absorbed into the flue gas, the flue gas coming out of the coal bed has more heat than the flue gas coming in, the components are hardly changed, then the flue gas is sent back to the power station oxygen-enriched combustion boiler, the flue gas recirculation is realized, and equivalently, the coal bed is used as a low-temperature hearth. Sequestered CO2Is all CO produced in the whole system2All part of the CO produced2Are circulated into the hearth of the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler of the power station without being directly released into the atmosphere, thereby storing CO generated at the tail part of the boiler2I.e. a system-wide carbon capture is achieved.
Wherein, snakelike airflow channel has been formed in the coal seam, has increased heat transfer area of contact when the flue gas passes through, has reinforceed the heat transfer, is convenient for reach the pyrolysis temperature in shorter time to pyrolysis temperature distribution is more even. Meanwhile, a fracturing technology is adopted, fracturing fluid is introduced, and the coal bed is fractured into micro cracks in all directions, so that the release of pyrolysis products is facilitated.
The specific working process of the invention is as follows with reference to the attached figure 1:
the pyrolysis process occurs in many coal seam blocks in the underground, and since the work engineering in different coal seam blocks is similar, only a first coal seam block 4 and a second coal seam block 5 are drawn in the drawings for simplicity to illustrate the work flow of the system. Power station oxygen-enriched combustion boiler 1 generates high-temperature CO by combustion2The boiler hot steam heated by combustion can be used for power generation, and high-temperature CO generated by combustion in the flue2Flue gas is used for underground coal pyrolysis. CO extracted from flue by compressor 22Supercritical CO pressurized at high temperature2Can efficiently permeate into the coal bed to carry out full pyrolysis and dissolve organic matters generated by pyrolysis. The pyrolyzed material is a mixture of liquid (oil) and gas at ambient temperature, supercritical CO2The dissolving performance of the oil gas is good, the oil gas can be efficiently dissolved, which is equivalent to the extraction of pyrolysis products, and the phenomenon that organic matters with large molecular weight are solidified in a pipeline and stick to the wall surface of the pipeline for transporting the pyrolysis products is avoided. The cold energy of an air separation unit 3(ASU) in the oxygen-enriched combustion power station is utilized to introduce low-temperature pure oxygen 11 separated by air into an underground coal bed, a freezing wall 6 of the coal bed is manufactured, a pyrolysis area and a non-pyrolysis area are isolated, and the problems of water seepage, pollution and the like are solved. The temperature of the pure oxygen 11 coming out of the heat exchanger in the freezing wall is still low and is not enough to meet the temperature requirement of the primary air 12 during combustion, so that the pure oxygen 11 is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 8 to exchange heat with the pyrolysis product, the temperature in the pyrolysis product is fully reduced, the pyrolysis product is condensed to form liquid oil to be separated, and meanwhile, the temperature of the pure oxygen 11 is increased. The second valve 17 is opened, the first valve 16 and the third valve 18 are closed, the product after coal pyrolysis is sent into the heat exchanger 7 for heating water, the temperature of the water supply is generally above 300 ℃, the temperature of the pyrolysis product can be kept above 350 ℃ after heat exchange is finished, oil produced by liquefaction of pyrolysis gas is prevented from being adhered to the heat exchanger, and meanwhile, after the water supply is heated, the heat absorption capacity of a hearth is reduced, the total power generation efficiency is improved, and the coal consumption is reduced. Then the extracted gas below 350 ℃ is sent into a gas-liquid separator 8 to be cooled to normal temperature, liquid (oil product) is separated, simultaneously water in pyrolysis gas is also removed, and uncondensed gas in the pyrolysis product contains CH4，C2H6Such sub-divisionsThe organic gas 13 can be sent into the reburning area of the boiler to be continuously burnt, the fuel utilization efficiency is improved, and the fuel-rich area can be formed to reduce NO generated by partial combustionx. Pure oxygen and recycled CO2The primary air 12 is formed by mixing after heat exchange of the gas-liquid separator 8, and the preheating temperature is still low, so that the primary air 12 is sent into an air preheater 19 of a boiler to be continuously heated. When 60% of the coal is mined from the first coal seam block 4, the first valve 16 is opened, high-temperature gas is introduced into the second coal seam block 5 to start preheating the second coal seam block 5, so that the waste heat of the first coal seam block 4 can be utilized earlier, and the preheating time of the second coal seam block 5 is advanced, so that the second coal seam block 5 can synchronously follow up the oil production after the oil production of the first coal seam block 4 is finished (since the working process of the second coal seam block 5 is the same as that of the first coal seam block 4, the same working process is omitted in the drawing).
After 4 normal position pyrolysis extractions oil and gas in first coal seam block, after the oil recovery, close first valve 16, second valve 17, open third valve 18, let in the coal seam with the flue gas of boiler afterbody, absorb the waste heat in coal seam 600 ℃ in the flue gas, compare only more heat when the flue gas that comes out in the coal seam with when entering, the composition almost does not change, then send the flue gas back to boiler furnace 1, can reduce the coal consumption. The boiler tail flue only has a part of CO2Is extracted to heat the coal seam and is recycled back into the furnace chamber, thereby generating CO by combustion2The excess will be subjected to carbon dioxide capture 15, and from a system perspective, CO will be present more and more2Not released to the atmosphere and is completely trapped or sequestered. The effects of power generation, oil production and carbon dioxide capture are realized, and carbon emission reduction is realized.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A system for coupling in-situ pyrolysis and carbon capture of oil-rich coal is characterized by comprising an oxygen-enriched combustion boiler (1) of a power station, a compressor (2), an air separation device (3), a heat exchanger (7), a gas-liquid separation device (8) and a boiler air preheater (19);
power station oxygen-enriched combustion boiler (1) burns to generate high-temperature CO2The hot steam of the boiler heated by combustion is used for power generation, and the high-temperature CO generated by combustion in the flue2Flue gas is used for underground coal pyrolysis; CO extracted from the flue by the compressor (2)2Supercritical CO pressurized at high temperature2The coal bed can be penetrated into the coal bed to be fully pyrolyzed and organic matters generated by pyrolysis are dissolved;
the method comprises the steps that cold energy of an air separation device (3) in an oxygen-enriched combustion power station is utilized, low-temperature pure oxygen (11) separated out through air separation is introduced into an underground coal seam, a freezing wall (6) of the coal seam is manufactured, a pyrolysis area and a non-pyrolysis area are isolated, the pure oxygen (11) discharged from a heat exchanger in the freezing wall is introduced into a gas-liquid separation device (8) and exchanges heat with pyrolysis products, the temperature of the pyrolysis products is fully reduced, the pyrolysis products are condensed to form liquid oil to be separated, meanwhile, the temperature of the pure oxygen (11) is increased, and the products after coal pyrolysis are sent into a heat exchanger (7) used for heating feed water;
then the extracted gas is sent into a gas-liquid separation device (8) to be cooled to normal temperature, an oil product (9) is separated, water in the pyrolysis gas is removed, the uncondensed gas in the pyrolysis product contains organic gas (13), the organic gas is sent into a boiler reburning area to be continuously burnt, and NO generated by partial combustion can be reduced in a fuel-rich areax；
The pure oxygen and the circulating carbon dioxide (10) are subjected to heat exchange by a gas-liquid separation device (8) and then mixed to form primary air (12), the primary air (12) is sent into an air preheater (19) of a boiler to be continuously heated, and the primary air (12) carries fuel (14) to enter a hearth for combustion;
when the set value is mined from the first coal seam block (4), the first valve (16) is opened, high-temperature gas is led into the second coal seam block (5) to start preheating the second coal seam block (5), and meanwhile the preheating time of the second coal seam block (5) is advanced, so that the first coal seam block (4) can be conveniently preheated(4) After oil production is finished, the second coal seam block (5) can synchronously follow up the oil production; after the in-situ pyrolysis extraction of oil and gas in the first coal seam block (4) is finished and the oil extraction is finished, closing the first valve (16), opening the second valve (17), opening the third valve (18), introducing the flue gas at the tail part of the boiler into the coal seam, absorbing the residual heat of the coal seam into the flue gas, and then sending the flue gas back to the hearth of the boiler (1); CO in part of boiler tail flue2The extracted heated coal seam can be recycled back into the furnace, and the excess part is subjected to carbon dioxide capture (15).
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the organic matter generated by pyrolysis comprises a mixture of liquid oil and gas at normal temperature.
3. The system for coupling in-situ pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and carbon capture according to claim 1, wherein the organic gas (13) contains CH4、C2H6Such small molecules.
4. The system for in-situ pyrolysis of rich coal and carbon capture coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that high-temperature CO generated by the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler (1) of the power station is adopted2The flue gas is introduced into the first coal seam block (4) for pyrolysis, and part of CO in the tail flue of the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler (1) of the power station is extracted2And the additional heating equipment investment is reduced.
5. The system for in-situ pyrolysis of coal rich in oil and carbon capture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the product of coal pyrolysis is sent to a heat exchanger (7) for heating feed water, and the temperature of the pyrolysis product can be reduced to 350 ℃.
6. The system for coupling in-situ pyrolysis and carbon capture of oil-rich coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein after oil extraction in the first coal seam block (4) is finished, low-temperature flue gas at the extreme end of the oxycombustion boiler (1) of the power station is introduced into the coal seam, the waste heat at the temperature of 600 ℃ in the coal seam is absorbed into the flue gas, and then the flue gas is returned to the oxycombustion boiler (1) of the power station, so as to realize flue gas recirculation.
7. The system for coupling in-situ pyrolysis and carbon capture of oil-rich coal according to claim 1, wherein the high-temperature CO is2The flow path in the first coal seam block (4) is serpentine.
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| CN114718534B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-09-08 | 陕西省煤田地质集团有限公司 | In-situ pyrolysis system for coupling self-heating and electric heating of oil-rich coal |
| CN115095307B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2023-06-13 | 陕西省煤田地质集团有限公司 | Oil extraction system for underground direct pyrolysis of oil-rich coal |
| CN115678588A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-02-03 | 西安交通大学 | System and method for in-situ composite heating and heat energy utilization of oil-rich coal |
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