CN105176552A - Novel gas heat carrier retorting and gas power generation integrated device and technology - Google Patents
Novel gas heat carrier retorting and gas power generation integrated device and technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN105176552A CN105176552A CN201510638680.4A CN201510638680A CN105176552A CN 105176552 A CN105176552 A CN 105176552A CN 201510638680 A CN201510638680 A CN 201510638680A CN 105176552 A CN105176552 A CN 105176552A
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel gas heat carrier retorting and gas power generation integrated device. The device comprises a gas heat carrier retorting system, a gasification reaction system, a gas turbine power generation and gas heat carrier circulating system as well as a flue gas treatment and steam turbine power generation system and has the advantages of reasonable structure, convenience in operation and control and the like. The invention further provides a novel gas heat carrier retorting and gas power generation integrated technology. Oil shale with different particle sizes during crushing can be comprehensively utilized, the oil shale with larger particle sizes can be used for retorting for oil production, the oil shale with smaller particle sizes, semicoke produced by retorting and separated heavy oil are sent into a gasification reactor for a reaction for gas production, produced synthesis gas and retorting pyrolysis gas become fuel for gas turbine power generation, high-temperature waste gas discharged by a gas turbine is deoxidized and heated by the aid of an after-burning boiler and then enters a retorting boiler, heat is provided for an oil shale retorting process, by the aid of the device, gradient utilization of energy is realized, the effective utilization rate of resources is increased, and the comprehensive utilization degree is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil shale resources technical field of comprehensive utilization, is the destructive distillation of a kind of new gas thermal barrier and fuel gas generation integrated apparatus and technique thereof.
Background technology
Since entering 21 century, world's crude oil price remains high, and various countries start to find various types of fungible energy source, and wherein an extremely important direction is the exploitation of the unconventionaloil pool energy.At present, Chinese society every field is all in Rapid development stage, and energy consumption continues soaring, and the supply conditions of coal, petroleum resources are increasingly severe, especially petroleum resources.End 2012, domestic crude oil year, consumption reached 4.76 × 108t, and output in domestic is only 2.07 × 108t, and importation dependence is up to 56.42%, this has badly influenced the energy security of China, and finding fungible energy source becomes domestic scholars problem demanding prompt solution.
Resinous shale is the organic mineral products of a kind of high-ash solid combustible, shale oil can be obtained after low-temperature pyrolysis, its oil length is greater than 3.5% usually, general ash oontent is greater than 40%, organic content is higher, be mainly sapropel type, humic sapropel type and sapropel humus type, its thermal value is generally not less than 4.18MJ/kg.
National resinous shale evaluation result shows, China's oil shale resources are very abundant, have a very wide distribution, and is distributed in 47 basins of 20 province and municipalities, has 80 containing mining area.Whole nation oil shale resources are 7199.37 × 108t shale oil resource is 476.44 × 108t, and the recyclable resource of shale oil is 119.79 × 108t.Reserves are only second to the U.S., Brazil and Estonia, occupy the 4th, the world.
Oil shale resources are that a kind of very important oil supplements the energy, China so that global status also more and more higher, every country all carries out positive the research developed resinous shale.In fact, resinous shale has been brought in the national strategy energy or energy security problem domains by a lot of country all.Utilize destructive distillation oil refining technology can produce the oil fuel of equal importance with oil in a large number from resinous shale, the interdependency of China to foreign oil can be reduced, alleviate the China's oil impact on social development, economic construction brought in short supply to a certain extent.
Existing oil shale retorting technique mainly contains two kinds, is respectively gaseous heat-carrier retorting technique and hot solid carrier devolatilization technology.Mainly introduce gaseous heat-carrier retorting technique below, gaseous heat-carrier retorting technique be in gas retort by the macrobead resinous shale of particle diameter 15 ~ 75mm by realizing low-temperature pyrolysis with gas thermal source direct contact heat transfer.This technology major advantage to save the comminution energy conssumption of resinous shale.Existing deficiency has: the block resinous shale after (1) fragmentation, only have the macrobead resinous shale of particle diameter between 15 ~ 75mm can be utilized by gas retort, below the 8mm chip shale accounting for shale processing total amount about 20% ~ 25% is rejected, and causes a large amount of waste and the environmental pollution of energy resource; (2) pyrolysis gas is as gaseous heat-carrier, needs independent process furnace combustion parts pyrolysis gas cycling hot to be vented one's spleen and is heated to certain temperature, also makes cost increase while waste partial thermal decomposition gas; (3) gaseous heat-carrier destructive distillation oil refining, owing to adopting wet type coke discharging, the semicoke of institute's output is difficult to utilize, and energy utilization rate is only 50% ~ 60% of raw oil shale more; (4) high viscosity heavy oil that gas-oil mixture produces in cooling, dedusting, scavenging process is difficult to transport, also containing a large amount of nitrogen, sulphur, wax and metallic element, directly does fuel combustion and will cause serious problem of environmental pollution.
There is the problems such as high energy consumption, high carbon emission, high pollution, low-conversion in existing Energy utilization patterns.Meanwhile, China's Energy resources 'bottleneck' restrictions become increasingly conspicuous, and the increasing pressure of energy-saving and emission-reduction is large, and energy growth pattern is in the urgent need to changing.For the drawback of existing energy utilization technique, it is high in technological content, low in resources consumption, low in the pollution of the environment, good in economic efficiency, secure safely that future source of energy utilizes technological development direction to accomplish.
The present invention considers that future source of energy utilizes technological development direction, and existing energy utilization Process ba-sis carries out substantial improvement and bring new ideas.Science of solid-fuelled gasifying electricity generation technology and oil shale distillation technology being carried out is integrated, carries out perfect, to improve the thermomechanical property of system, and reduce the discharge of each pollutant by system optimization to existing shale oil generating mode.By carrying out high-efficiency gasification utilization to granule wax shale, semicoke, heavy oil, and finally realize the cascade utilization of fuel chemical energy.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, device and technique is utilized to carry out substance innovation to existing resinous shale, there is provided oil-collecting shale retorting, the new gas thermal barrier destructive distillation of solid fuel gasification and fuel gas generation one and fuel gas generation integrated apparatus and technique thereof, with the cascade utilization of the clean burning and the energy that achieve fuel.
Solving one of scheme of its technical problem employing is, a kind of new gas thermal barrier destructive distillation and fuel gas generation integrated apparatus, it is characterized in that, it comprises gaseous heat-carrier distillation system, gasification reaction system, gas turbine power generation and the gaseous heat-carrier recycle system and fume treatment and steam turbine generation system, the structure of described gaseous heat-carrier distillation system is, shale warehouse 1 is connected with crusher 2 opening for feed by belt, first discharge port of crusher 2 is connected with the opening for feed of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort 3, the oil gas vent of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort 3 is connected with the oil and gas import of condensing equipment 4, the oil gas vent of condensing equipment 4 is connected with the oil and gas import of oil gas washer 5, the shale oil outlet of oil gas washer 5 is connected with storage tank 6, half coke bin 7 is set in the bottom of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort 3, the structure of described gasification reaction system is, the second discharge port of crusher 2 is all connected with gasifying reactor 8 opening for feed with the discharge port of half coke bin 7, the structure of described gas turbine power generation and the gaseous heat-carrier recycle system is, the gasification synthesis gas outlet of gasifying reactor 8 is connected with the gasification synthesis gas import of combustion chamber 10 and the gasification synthesis gas import of additional combustion boiler 12 respectively, and the carbonization gas outlet that oil gas washs clearly device 5 is connected with the gasification synthesis gas import of combustion chamber 10 and the gasification synthesis gas import of additional combustion boiler 12 respectively, the gas inlet of combustion chamber 10 is connected with the air outlet of compressor 9, and the high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas outlet of combustion chamber 10 is connected with the inlet mouth of gas turbine 11, and the air outlet of gas turbine 11 is connected with the gas supplementing opening of additional combustion boiler 12, the structure of described fume treatment and steam turbine generation system is, the air outlet of gas turbine 11 is connected with the inlet mouth of high pressure steam generator 13, the high pressure steam air outlet of high pressure steam generator 13 is connected with turbine driven set 14, the exhanst gas outlet of high pressure steam generator 13 is connected with electrostatic precipitator 15 inlet mouth, and electrostatic precipitator 15 air outlet is connected with chimney 17 by induced draft fan 16.
Solve the scheme that its technical problem adopts two is that the destructive distillation of a kind of new gas thermal barrier and fuel gas generation integral process, is characterized in that, it comprises following content:
1) gaseous heat-carrier retort process
Oil shale mine is inserted shale warehouse 1, resinous shale in shale warehouse 1 is sent to crusher 2 through belt, resinous shale after fragmentation can be divided into two portions according to particle diameter, be that the macrobead resinous shale of 15mm ~ 75mm sends into gaseous heat-carrier gas retort 3 by wherein particle diameter, pyrolysis temperature 450 ~ 550 DEG C, the gas-oil mixture produced is trapped by the collection umbrella of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort 3 and is sent body of heater, enter condensing equipment 4, sending into oil gas through overcooled gas-oil mixture washs clearly in device 5, device 5 is washed clearly by gas-oil mixture dedusting by oil gas, purification, desulfurization process, obtain shale oil and send in storage tank 6 storing, the carbonization pneumatic transmission separated enters additional combustion boiler 12 and combustion chamber 10, and the oil shale semi-coke that gaseous heat-carrier gas retort 3 produces is sent in half coke bin 7 and temporarily stored,
2) gasification reaction process
The granule wax shale of the particle diameter < 15mm that step 1) crusher 2 fragmentation produces mixes with the semicoke from half coke bin 7 sends into gasifying reactor 8 afterwards, enter also have oil gas to wash clearly heavy oil and air that device 5 separates and the water vapour of gasifying reactor 8 simultaneously, the granule wax shale of particle diameter < 15mm, semicoke, heavy oil and air and water vapour is generating gasification reaction in gasifying reactor 8, and the gasification synthesis gas of generation sends into additional combustion boiler 12 and combustion chamber 10;
3) gas turbine power generation and gaseous heat-carrier working cycle
Step 2) gasification synthesis gas that obtains with wash clearly the carbonization gas that device 5 obtains from oil gas and mix, a part of mixed synthesis gas is sent in combustion chamber 10, with the pressurized air mixed firing from compressor 9, the high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas producing 1200 DEG C enters expansion work in gas turbine 11, the high-temp waste gas of discharging from turbine removes oxygen gas component by additional combustion boiler 12 and improves temperature, the interior generation temperature of additional combustion boiler 12 is that the high-temp waste gas of 600 ~ 800 DEG C directly enters gas retort 3, for oil shale distillation process provides heat;
4) fume treatment and steam turbine generation process
In the high-temp waste gas that step 3) gas turbine is discharged, some enters in high pressure steam generator 13, the high temperature and high pressure steam that high pressure steam generator 13 produces drives turbine driven set 14 to generate electricity, through electrostatic precipitator 15 dedusting after flue gas cooling, send into chimney 17 by induced draft fan 16 and discharge.
New gas thermal barrier of the present invention destructive distillation and fuel gas generation integrated apparatus rational in infrastructure, convenient operation and control, can make resinous shale fully be fully utilized.
The beneficial effect of new gas thermal barrier of the present invention destructive distillation and fuel gas generation integral process is embodied in:
1, the resinous shale of different-grain diameter in shattering process has been fully utilized, the resinous shale that particle diameter is larger is used for destructive distillation liquefaction, send into gasifying reactor together with the semicoke that the less resinous shale of particle diameter and destructive distillation produce and isolated heavy oil and react gas processed, the oil shale particle of different-grain diameter is obtained for sufficient utilization, improves the effective rate of utilization of resource;
2, combustion power generation is directly used for after the gasification synthesis gas that in distillation system, isolated carbonization gas and gasification reaction system generate mixes, the high-temp waste gas of discharging promotes temperature by additional combustion boiler and removes oxygen gas component, then send into gas retort and provide heat for retort process, realize the cascade utilization of the energy, thus promote the efficiency of energy utilization of whole system;
3, the semicoke that granule wax shale and destructive distillation produce is carried out gasification process, achieve solid-fuelled gasification, improve the utilising efficiency of fuel, realize the efficiency utilization of fuel chemical energy;
4, the product of system comprises shale oil and electric energy, achieves system Poly-generation, changes the general layout that traditional oils shale utilizes the simplification of system product;
5, in gas turbine discharge flue gas, a part enters in high pressure steam generator 13 and transfers heat to water, and the high temperature and high pressure steam of generation drives turbine driven set 14 to generate electricity, and takes full advantage of this part high temperature sensible heat, improves the utilising efficiency of the energy;
6, technical process is scientific and reasonable, and comprehensive utilization degree is high, convenient operation and control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of new gas thermal barrier of the present invention destructive distillation and fuel gas generation integrated apparatus.
In Fig. 1: 1-resinous shale warehouse, 2-crusher, 3-gas retort, 4-condensing equipment, 5-oil gas washs device clearly, 6-storage tank, 7-half coke bin, 8-gasifying reactor, 9-compressor, 10-combustion chamber, 11-gas turbine, 12-additional combustion boiler, 13-high pressure steam generator, 14-turbine driven set, 15-electrostatic precipitator, 16-induced draft fan, 17-chimney.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and the invention will be further described with reference to accompanying drawing 1.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of new gas thermal barrier of the present invention destructive distillation and fuel gas generation integrated apparatus, it is characterized in that, it comprises gaseous heat-carrier distillation system, gasification reaction system, gas turbine power generation and the gaseous heat-carrier recycle system and fume treatment and steam turbine generation system, the structure of described gaseous heat-carrier distillation system is, shale warehouse 1 is connected with crusher 2 opening for feed by belt, first discharge port of crusher 2 is connected with the opening for feed of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort 3, the oil gas vent of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort 3 is connected with the oil and gas import of condensing equipment 4, the oil gas vent of condensing equipment 4 is connected with the oil and gas import of oil gas washer 5, the shale oil outlet of oil gas washer 5 is connected with storage tank 6, half coke bin 7 is set in the bottom of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort 3, the structure of described gasification reaction system is, the second discharge port of crusher 2 is all connected with gasifying reactor 8 opening for feed with the discharge port of half coke bin 7, the structure of described gas turbine power generation and the gaseous heat-carrier recycle system is, the gasification synthesis gas outlet of gasifying reactor 8 is connected with the gasification synthesis gas import of combustion chamber 10 and the gasification synthesis gas import of additional combustion boiler 12 respectively, and the carbonization gas outlet that oil gas washs clearly device 5 is connected with the gasification synthesis gas import of combustion chamber 10 and the gasification synthesis gas import of additional combustion boiler 12 respectively, the gas inlet of combustion chamber 10 is connected with the air outlet of compressor 9, and the high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas outlet of combustion chamber 10 is connected with the inlet mouth of gas turbine 11, and the air outlet of gas turbine 11 is connected with the gas supplementing opening of additional combustion boiler 12, the structure of described fume treatment and steam turbine generation system is, the air outlet of gas turbine 11 is connected with the inlet mouth of high pressure steam generator 13, the high pressure steam air outlet of high pressure steam generator 13 is connected with turbine driven set 14, the exhanst gas outlet of high pressure steam generator 13 is connected with electrostatic precipitator 15 inlet mouth, and electrostatic precipitator 15 air outlet is connected with chimney 17 by induced draft fan 16.
A kind of new gas thermal barrier of the present invention destructive distillation and fuel gas generation integral process, comprise following content:
1) gaseous heat-carrier retort process
Oil shale mine is inserted shale warehouse 1, resinous shale in shale warehouse 1 is sent to crusher 2 through belt, resinous shale after fragmentation can be divided into two portions according to particle diameter, be that the macrobead resinous shale of 15mm ~ 75mm sends into gaseous heat-carrier gas retort 3 by wherein particle diameter, pyrolysis temperature 450 ~ 550 DEG C, the gas-oil mixture produced is trapped by the collection umbrella of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort 3 and is sent body of heater, enter condensing equipment 4, sending into oil gas through overcooled gas-oil mixture washs clearly in device 5, device 5 is washed clearly by gas-oil mixture dedusting by oil gas, purification, desulfurization process, obtain shale oil and send in storage tank 6 storing, the carbonization pneumatic transmission separated enters additional combustion boiler 12 and combustion chamber 10, and the oil shale semi-coke that gaseous heat-carrier gas retort 3 produces is sent in half coke bin 7 and temporarily stored,
2) gasification reaction process
The granule wax shale of the particle diameter < 15mm that step 1) crusher 2 fragmentation produces mixes with the semicoke from half coke bin 7 sends into gasifying reactor 8 afterwards, enter also have oil gas to wash clearly heavy oil and air that device 5 separates and the water vapour of gasifying reactor 8 simultaneously, the granule wax shale of particle diameter < 15mm, semicoke, heavy oil and air and water vapour is generating gasification reaction in gasifying reactor 8, and the gasification synthesis gas of generation sends into additional combustion boiler 12 and combustion chamber 10;
3) gas turbine power generation and gaseous heat-carrier working cycle
Step 2) gasification synthesis gas that obtains with wash clearly the carbonization gas that device 5 obtains from oil gas and mix, a part of mixed synthesis gas is sent in combustion chamber 10, with the pressurized air mixed firing from compressor 9, the high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas producing 1200 DEG C enters expansion work in gas turbine 11, the high-temp waste gas of discharging from turbine removes oxygen gas component by additional combustion boiler 12 and improves temperature, the interior generation temperature of additional combustion boiler 12 is that the high-temp waste gas of 600 ~ 800 DEG C directly enters gas retort 3, for oil shale distillation process provides heat;
4) fume treatment and steam turbine generation process
In the high-temp waste gas that step 3) gas turbine is discharged, some enters in high pressure steam generator 13, the high temperature and high pressure steam that high pressure steam generator 13 produces drives turbine driven set 14 to generate electricity, through electrostatic precipitator 15 dedusting after flue gas cooling, send into chimney 17 by induced draft fan 16 and discharge.
In FIG, make use of the granule wax shale (< 15mm) produced in shattering process, the semicoke that this part resinous shale and destructive distillation produce and send into gasifying reactor 8 together with isolated heavy oil react gas processed from gas-oil mixture.
In FIG, after the gasification synthesis gas that gasifying reactor 8 is produced mixes with carbonization gas and sends into combustion chambers burn, the high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas produced sends into gas turbine 11 expansion work, the high-temp waste gas that turbine is discharged promotes temperature and the oxygen gas component removed in flue gas further by additional combustion boiler 12, then to send in gas retort 3 as oil shale distillation process provides heat, achieve the cascade utilization of the energy.
In FIG, high pressure steam generator 13 takes full advantage of the high temperature sensible heat that gas turbine discharge flue gas carries, and generates high temperature and high pressure steam and drives turbine driven set 14 to generate electricity, simultaneously can also as required by itself and system sectionalizing.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. new gas thermal barrier destructive distillation and fuel gas generation integrated apparatus, it is characterized in that, it comprises gaseous heat-carrier distillation system, gasification reaction system, gas turbine power generation and the gaseous heat-carrier recycle system and fume treatment and steam turbine generation system, the structure of described gaseous heat-carrier distillation system is, shale warehouse (1) is connected with crusher (2) opening for feed by belt, first discharge port of crusher (2) is connected with the opening for feed of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort (3), the oil gas vent of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort (3) is connected with the oil and gas import of condensing equipment (4), the oil gas vent of condensing equipment (4) is connected with the oil and gas import of oil gas washer (5), the shale oil outlet of oil gas washer (5) is connected with storage tank (6), in the bottom of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort (3), half coke bin (7) is set, the structure of described gasification reaction system is, the second discharge port of crusher (2) is all connected with gasifying reactor (8) opening for feed with the discharge port of half coke bin (7), the structure of described gas turbine power generation and the gaseous heat-carrier recycle system is, the gasification synthesis gas outlet of gasifying reactor (8) is connected with the gasification synthesis gas import of combustion chamber (10) and the gasification synthesis gas import of additional combustion boiler (12) respectively, and the carbonization gas outlet that oil gas washs clearly device 5 is connected with the gasification synthesis gas import of combustion chamber (10) and the gasification synthesis gas import of additional combustion boiler (12) respectively, the gas inlet of combustion chamber (10) is connected with the air outlet of compressor (9), and the high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas outlet of combustion chamber (10) is connected with the inlet mouth of gas turbine (11), and the air outlet of gas turbine (11) is connected with the gas supplementing opening of additional combustion boiler (12), the structure of described fume treatment and steam turbine generation system is, the air outlet of gas turbine (11) is connected with the inlet mouth of high pressure steam generator (13), the high pressure steam air outlet of high pressure steam generator (13) is connected with turbine driven set (14), the exhanst gas outlet of high pressure steam generator 13 is connected with electrostatic precipitator (15) inlet mouth, and electrostatic precipitator (15) air outlet is connected with chimney (17) by induced draft fan (16).
2. the destructive distillation of new gas thermal barrier and a fuel gas generation integral process, comprises following content:
1) gaseous heat-carrier retort process
Oil shale mine is inserted shale warehouse 1, resinous shale in shale warehouse 1 is sent to crusher 2 through belt, resinous shale after fragmentation can be divided into two portions according to particle diameter, be that the macrobead resinous shale of 15mm ~ 75mm sends into gaseous heat-carrier gas retort (3) by wherein particle diameter, pyrolysis temperature 450 ~ 550 DEG C, the gas-oil mixture produced is trapped by the collection umbrella of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort (3) and is sent body of heater, enter condensing equipment (4), sending into oil gas through overcooled gas-oil mixture washs clearly in device (5), device (5) is washed clearly by gas-oil mixture dedusting by oil gas, purification, desulfurization process, obtain shale oil and send into the middle storage of storage tank (6), the carbonization pneumatic transmission separated enters additional combustion boiler (12) and combustion chamber (10), and the oil shale semi-coke that gaseous heat-carrier gas retort (3) produces is sent in half coke bin (7) and temporarily stored,
2) gasification reaction process
Gasifying reactor (8) is sent into after the granule wax shale of particle diameter < 15mm that step 1) crusher (2) fragmentation produces mixes with the semicoke from half coke bin (7), enter also have oil gas to wash clearly heavy oil and air that device (5) separates and the water vapour of gasifying reactor (8) simultaneously, the granule wax shale of particle diameter < 15mm, semicoke, heavy oil and air and water vapour is generating gasification reaction in gasifying reactor (8), the gasification synthesis gas produced sends into additional combustion boiler (12) and combustion chamber (10),
3) gas turbine power generation and gaseous heat-carrier working cycle
Step 2) gasification synthesis gas that obtains with wash clearly the carbonization gas that device (5) obtains from oil gas and mix, a part of mixed synthesis gas is sent in combustion chamber (10), with the pressurized air mixed firing from compressor (9), the high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas producing 1200 DEG C enters gas turbine (11)
inexpansion work, the high-temp waste gas of discharging from turbine removes oxygen gas component by additional combustion boiler (12) and improves temperature, additional combustion boiler (12) interior generation temperature is that the high-temp waste gas of 600 ~ 800 DEG C directly enters gas retort (3), for oil shale distillation process provides heat;
4) fume treatment and steam turbine generation process
In the high-temp waste gas that step 3) gas turbine is discharged, some enters high pressure steam generator (in 130, the high temperature and high pressure steam that high pressure steam generator (13) produces drives turbine driven set (14) generating, through electrostatic precipitator (15) dedusting after flue gas cooling, send into chimney (17) by induced draft fan (16) and discharge.
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