CN101984617A - Method for processing peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of filter bank based on compressed sensing technology - Google Patents

Method for processing peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of filter bank based on compressed sensing technology Download PDF

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CN101984617A
CN101984617A CN2010105664693A CN201010566469A CN101984617A CN 101984617 A CN101984617 A CN 101984617A CN 2010105664693 A CN2010105664693 A CN 2010105664693A CN 201010566469 A CN201010566469 A CN 201010566469A CN 101984617 A CN101984617 A CN 101984617A
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张广超
赵志峰
张宏纲
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for processing the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of a filter bank based on a compressed sensing technology. The method comprises the processes of reducing the PAPR of signals at a sending terminal and recovering the PAPR of signals at a receiving terminal. The method at the sending terminal comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out baseband modulation and serial-to-parallel conversion on the signals; (2) randomly inserting zero values in parallel signals, wherein the number of the inserted zero values is definite; and (3) carrying out filter bank modulation on the parallel signals in which the zero values are inserted, returning a definite number of peak values to zero, then carrying out digital-to-analog conversion and other operations on the signals, and sending out the signals. The method at the receiving terminal comprises the following steps: (a) carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the received signals, then carrying out baseband modulation on the signals, and carrying out serial-to-parallel conversion on the signals; (b) reproducing the parallel signals for recovering the eliminated peak values, and carrying out operation on the recovered peak values and the original parallel signals; and (c) demodulating the result after operation in the step (b) by the filter bank.

Description

Method based on the processing bank of filters peak-to-average force ratio of compressed sensing technology
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly be used to handle method based on multinomial Structure Filter group peak-to-average force ratio based on the compressed sensing technology.
Background technology
Compressed sensing (CS) is an emerging signal processing technology in recent years, its core concept is that data sampling and compression merging are carried out, the non-self-adapting linear projection (measured value) of acquired signal at first, then according to corresponding restructing algorithm by the measured value release signal.Compressed sensing has the basic demand of two aspects: the sparse property of signal, the non-correlation of observation base (observing matrix) and transform-based (transformation matrix).For natural any signal, all there is a specific representation space, make this signal have sparse property in this space.Prove through correlation theory, random matrix, promptly element is the matrix of random number, has good non-correlation with the transform-based of fixing.
The great advantage of compressed sensing technology is and can significantly reduces resource and energy that signal consumes in data acquisition and transmission course to sample far below the sampling rate of nyquist sampling rate.With respect to the distributed source coding method that the elder generation of routine samples and afterwards compresses, the advantage of compressed sensing do not need to be any prior information of processed signal, and does not need the control information exchange.
The bank of filters technology itself is a kind of invention technology early, is the thing of recent years but be applied in the multi-carrier communications systems.Filter bank multi-carrier system (FBMC) is born for the shortcoming that overcomes ofdm system (OFDM).But the too high problem of the inherent defect as the overloading system---peak-to-average force ratio (ratio of the peak of signal energy and signal energy mean value), the FBMC system does not still overcome.And in the technology that reduces FBMC system signal peak-to-average force ratio, all be to be cost with certain systematic function sacrifice, such as code check, computation complexity, signal to noise ratio etc.Technology now is also at research as less code check sacrifice how, and lower computation complexity or less signal to noise ratio sacrifice etc. reduce the peak-to-average force ratio of FBMC signal.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of processing bank of filters peak-to-average force ratio based on the compressed sensing technology.
Design of the present invention is: in the transmitting terminal of FBMC system, s (s length is N) is the time-domain signal after the bank of filters modulation, and s has high peak-to-average force ratio.The present invention is with K peak value cancellation of the maximum of signal, and the requirement of FBMC system to signal peak-to-average ratio depended in the selection of K, and the peak-to-average force ratio of signal will reduce accordingly like this.This makes s add a signal p (length of p is N) with regard to being equivalent to, and the p signal only has value (value is the negative of relevant position peak value) at the peak value place of x correspondence, and the value of other positions of p is 0.But FBMC system requirements receiving terminal can recover s with little error when receiving by the signal of cancellation peak value.Therefore, require to carry among the s signal p of cancellation peak value.The present invention reserves certain subcarrier to carry p in the frequency domain of signal s, the present invention utilizes CS method ripple to recover the signal p of time domain by the preserved sub-carrier of frequency domain for this reason.
Because the feature of FBMC system, the K value is far smaller than the N value, that is to say that the value major part among the p is null value, and having only few value is non-zero, so signal p has just in time satisfied the notion of the sparse property of mentioning among the CS.Formula (2) has been represented the relation of p and p signal behind the bank of filters rectification,
P=ψp (2)
ψ is a bank of filters inverse transformation base, and the frequency domain representation of the p that P just is is according to the CS theory, as long as find a matrix Ф ∈ R M * N(M<<N), and the length of M observation signal, N is the length of signal P.Use this matrix that P is observed, formula (3) has been represented this relation,
Y=ФP (3)
Y in the formula (3) is a measured value, and is theoretical as long as work as Ф according to CS, and ψ satisfies when irrelevant, and we just can use Y to recover time-domain signal p.
For this reason, the present invention utilize CS advantage mentioned above to reduce to handle the FBMC system peak-to-average than the time computation complexity.By the CS algorithm, use the peak-to-average force ratio of lower computation complexity at the transmitting terminal reduction signal of FBMC system, use lower computation complexity to recover the signal that does not reduce peak-to-average force ratio originally at the FBMC system receiving terminal simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the concrete technical scheme that the present invention taked is: its method based on the processing bank of filters peak-to-average force ratio of compressed sensing technology comprises transmitting terminal signal processing and receiving end signal processing,
Wherein, described transmitting terminal signal processing comprises the steps:
(1) earlier the digital signal after the baseband modulation is obtained parallel signal through serial to parallel conversion, again parallel signal is carried out the vector expansion, satisfy following relational expression (1) so that insert null value in the described parallel signal at random as total number of inserting null value in preserved sub-carrier and the parallel signal
M > 2 MAR · SNR K log ( N - K ) + K - 1 - - - ( 1 )
In the formula (1), M represents to insert in the parallel signal total number of null value, N represents to insert the total length of the parallel signal after the null value, K represent the predefined peak value number that needs cancellation (K<M<<N), MAR is the ratio between the amplitude mean value of signal of the amplitude minimum value of signal of cancellation peak value and cancellation peak value, and SNR is the energy of signal of cancellation peak value and the ratio of noise energy;
(2) bank of filters will insert parallel signal after the null value by frequency domain transform to time domain, make parallel signal in the time domain cross multinomial structure again and mix and fall, obtain the signal after the bank of filters modulation;
(3) signal after the bank of filters modulation is carried out amplitude detection, select maximum K peak value and it is made zero, obtain the bank of filters modulation signal of cancellation peak value;
(4) the bank of filters modulation signal with the cancellation peak value sends to receiving terminal after further handling, and described further processing comprises D/A switch, signal amplification and is modulated to high frequency;
Described receiving end signal is handled and is comprised the steps:
(a) analog signal that will receive from transmitting terminal is by high frequency modulated conversion digital signal again behind the low frequency, laggard line number word base band demodulating, and demodulation is corresponding with the chopping phase of step (1);
(b) digital signal after the demodulation is obtained parallel signal through serial to parallel conversion, this parallel signal is duplicated, again this parallel signal is stored in the register;
(c) bank of filters will duplicate the parallel signal that obtains by spatial transform to frequency domain, make parallel signal in the frequency domain cross multinomial structure again and mix and fall, obtain the signal after the bank of filters demodulation;
(d) from the signal after the bank of filters demodulation, extract the signal of preserved sub-carrier;
(e) according to the signal of the preserved sub-carrier that extracts, utilize compression sensing method that the described K that makes zero of step (3) peak value recovered;
(f) use K peak value after the parallel signal of storing in the described register of step (b) adds the described recovery of step (e), obtain and the identical signal of signal after the described bank of filters of step (2) is modulated;
(g) bank of filters is carried out demodulation to the signal that step (f) obtains, and earlier the signal that step (f) is obtained to frequency domain, makes in the frequency domain signal cross that multinomial structure is mixed falls by spatial transform again, obtains the signal after the new bank of filters demodulation.
Further, the compression sensing method in the step of the present invention (e) is a quadrature coupling track algorithm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) prior art is that the processing that computation complexity is high is placed on transmitting terminal and the processing that calculation of complex is low has been placed on receiving terminal, is placed on transmitting terminal and the processing that calculation of complex is high has been placed on receiving terminal and the present invention is the processing that computation complexity is low.Because the present invention reserves corresponding subcarrier by the matrix expansion at frequency domain at transmitting terminal, at the peak value of the maximum predetermined number of the direct cancellation of time domain, so the present invention is very low at the computation complexity of transmitting terminal.
(2) prior art is at the computation complexity height of transmitting terminal, and the corresponding calculated amount is the function of N, and N is the length of a bank of filters modulation signal.Receiving terminal of the present invention amount of calculation be the function of M, M is the number of preserved sub-carrier, M<<N, therefore compare computation complexity with prior art and significantly reduced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the inventive method transmitting terminal;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the inventive method receiving terminal;
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic that the inventive method transmitting terminal is handled signal;
The principle schematic that Fig. 4 handles signal for the inventive method receiving terminal.
Embodiment
Below, the invention will be further described with concrete enforcement in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
(1) illustrates that at first the present invention is (referring to Fig. 1 and the Fig. 3) that how to reduce signal peak-to-average ratio at transmitting terminal.
Step (1): digital signal is at first passed through baseband modulation, usually adopts modulation systems such as QPSK, QAM, OQAM in the FBMC system, then with the digital signal after the baseband modulation through serial to parallel conversion, represent signal behind the serial to parallel conversion with X.Afterwards, signal X is carried out the vector expansion, obtains formula (4),
Y=SX (4)
In the formula (4), the matrix of the N that S is * (N-M), N is the length of spread signal Y, N-M is the length of signal X.The effect of vector expansion is to insert null value to obtain signal Y in signal X in parallel, wherein insert null value and be in order to reserve subcarrier and carry the signal of cancellation peak value, the position that null value is inserted in theoretical requirement according to compressed sensing must be at random, but requiring total number of insertion null value is M, and M need satisfy the requirement of formula (1):
M > 2 MAR · SNR K log ( N - K ) + K - 1 - - - ( 1 )
In the formula (1), M represents to insert in the parallel signal total number of null value, N represents to insert the total length of the expansion parallel signal Y after the null value, K represents the predefined peak value number that needs cancellation, MAR is the ratio between the amplitude mean value of signal of the minimum value of amplitude of signal of cancellation peak value and cancellation peak value, and promptly MAR is the ratio between the mean value of the minimum value of p signal amplitude in the step (3) and signal amplitude; SNR is the energy of signal of cancellation peak value and the ratio of noise energy, and promptly SNR is the ratio of p signal energy and noise energy in the step (3).In the reality, the determining of MAR getting by the MAR of the signal of cancellation peak-to-average force ratio before is averaged.In the reality, the energy of signal is to get by the energy of cancellation peak-to-average force ratio signal before is averaged among the SNR, and the energy of noise is (noise energy is a determined value under the stable situation of channel) that the channel situation by the receiving terminal feedback gets.The contribution of formula (1) with the correlation of having stipulated out M and K value, the K value, is satisfied under the situation of formula (1) and have only when the M value signal peak-to-average ratio size requirements decision by the FBMC system, receiving terminal could recover the signal of cancellation peak value with little error.
Step (2): bank of filters will insert parallel signal after the null value by frequency domain transform to time domain (adopting inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) to carry out conversion usually), the parallel signal of time domain is fallen through multinomial structure is mixed, and what export afterwards is the signal of modulating through bank of filters.As shown in Figure 3, the structure behind the IFFT is multinomial structure, wherein mixes and falls coefficient h 0, h 1... h KM-1Be to be determined by the prototype filter of respective filter group, k is called to mix and falls the factor, is fixed number value really in the FBMC system, gets k=4 among Fig. 3.Multinomial structure mixes that to fall be that parallel signal to IFFT output carries out frequency-domain shaping and time domain and mixes and fall, frequency-domain shaping is to be that the secondary lobe of frequency-region signal diminishes in order to make after digital to analog conversion, and to fall be that to satisfy at prototype filter be the code check that fully improves signal under the prerequisite of Qwest's criterion and time domain is mixed.
Step (3): make the bank of filters modulation signal by amplitude detection again, thereby find out maximum K peak value and, obtain the bank of filters modulation signal of cancellation peak value with this K peak value cancellation (promptly making zero).This makes the signal of bank of filters modulation add a signal p (length of p is N) with regard to being equivalent to, and the p signal only has value (value is the negative of relevant position peak value) at the peak value place of x correspondence, and the value of other positions of p is 0.Wherein, K selects the requirement of signal peak-to-average ratio according to the bank of filters system, say accurately be exactly when the peak-to-average force ratio of bank of filters system requirements signal more hour, then the value of K is big more; And when the peak-to-average force ratio of bank of filters system requirements signal was big more, the value of K was just more little, and definite actual needs according to system of concrete K value carries out.After system determined the K value, through type (1) just can be determined the size of M value like this.Peak-to-average force ratio refers to the maximum of signal energy and the ratio of mean value, and amplitude is the most direct embodiment of digital signal energy, direct several range values with maximum are classified as zero among the present invention, and peak value will reduce accordingly as can be seen, and peak-to-average force ratio also is minimized like this.
Step (4): then the bank of filters signal with the cancellation peak value carries out digital-to-analogue conversion, then signal is transferred to high frequency, and last amplifying emission is gone out.In addition according to channel situation, can carry out chnnel coding to the signal that enters before the bank of filters, insert pilot tone and add the operation of training sequence.
(2) illustrate that then receiving terminal is (referring to Fig. 2 and the Fig. 4) that how to recover the peak value of cancellation.
Step (a): at first will be modulated to low frequency again and again by height from the analog signal that transmitting terminal receives, be digital signal with signal by analog signal conversion through over-sampling, laggard line number word base band demodulating, and demodulation is corresponding with the chopping phase of step (1).
Step (b): with the process of the digital signal after demodulation serial to parallel conversion, parallel signal is duplicated earlier, the purpose of duplicating is the signal that extracts from the frequency domain of reproducing signals on the preserved sub-carrier, and utilizes the information on the preserved sub-carrier that p is recovered out again.Afterwards, parallel signal is stored in the register, the time of parallel signal in register is identical with the time that the parallel signal that duplicates is handled, and the purpose of doing like this is when p recovers out, can carry out computing with parallel signal.
Step (c): the parallel signal after bank of filters will be duplicated to frequency domain, normally adopts the method for fast Fourier transform (FFT) to obtain frequency-region signal by spatial transform.Make parallel signal in the frequency domain cross multinomial structure again and mix and fall, obtain the bank of filters restituted signal.As shown in Figure 4, reproducing signals is through being exactly multinomial structure through structure after the FFT, and the structure in this step is identical with multinomial structure in the step (2), wherein mixes and falls coefficient h 0, h 1... h KM-1Be by the decision of the prototype filter of respective filter group, k is called to mix and falls the factor, is fixed number value really in the FBMC system, gets k=4 among Fig. 4.Multinomial structure in this step be for step (2) in multinomial structure form matched filter, thereby the signal demodulation can better be come out.
Step (d): next step extracts the signal on the preserved sub-carrier from the bank of filters restituted signal, and the method for extraction is to multiply by the signal of reproducing signals after the bank of filters demodulation with matrix, by formula (5) expression,
P=RC (5)
In the formula (5), C represents the signal of reproducing signals after the bank of filters demodulation, and C length is N.R is the matrix of M * N, and M is the number of preserved sub-carrier, and the effect of this matrix is the signal that extracts on the preserved sub-carrier, and P is the signal on the preserved sub-carrier that extracts.
Step (e): then according to the signal on the preserved sub-carrier, use the CS method that the K that makes zero peak value described in the step (3) recovered, promptly recover the p in the step (3).Use CS to carry out the contribution that p recovers is,,, only need to obtain the signal P on the preserved sub-carrier, just can recover p according to CS principle all frequency domain informations of needs p signal not because the p signal itself satisfies sparse property principle.In selection,, select quadrature coupling track algorithm (OMP) as specific implementation method in conjunction with the characteristic of Fourier transform base to the CS specific algorithm.Adopted the CS technology just, its computation complexity is the function of preserved sub-carrier number M, and the computation complexity of similar technology is the function of N, and M<<N, therefore compare computation complexity and significantly reduced with prior art.
Step (f): make K peak value after parallel signal in the register adds the described recovery of step (e), promptly deduct the signal p that recovers in the step (e), obtain the signal after the modulation of step (2) median filter group.
Step (g): bank of filters is carried out demodulation to the signal that step (f) obtains, and earlier the signal that step (f) is obtained to frequency domain, makes in the frequency domain signal cross that multinomial structure is mixed falls by spatial transform again, obtains the signal after the new bank of filters demodulation.As shown in Figure 4, the signal in the register deducts the signal p that recovers, again through after the FFT conversion through structure be filter bank structure, the structure in this step is identical with multinomial structure in the step (2), the wherein mixed coefficient h of falling 0, h 1... h KM-1Be by the decision of the prototype filter of respective filter group, k is called to mix and falls the factor, is fixed number value really among the FBMC, gets k=4 among Fig. 4.But the multinomial structure in this step be for step (2) in multinomial structure form matched filter, thereby the signal demodulation can better be come out.Processing through above-mentioned receiving terminal has just obtained and the middle identical signal of signal Y of step (1).

Claims (2)

1. the method based on the processing bank of filters peak-to-average force ratio of compressed sensing technology is characterized in that comprising the processing of transmitting terminal signal processing and receiving end signal,
Described transmitting terminal signal processing comprises the steps:
(1) earlier the digital signal after the baseband modulation is obtained parallel signal through serial to parallel conversion, again parallel signal is carried out the vector expansion, satisfy following relational expression (1) so that insert null value in the described parallel signal at random as total number of inserting null value in preserved sub-carrier and the parallel signal
M > 2 MAR · SNR K log ( N - K ) + K - 1 - - - ( 1 )
In the formula (1), M represents to insert in the parallel signal total number of null value, N represents to insert the total length of the parallel signal after the null value, K represent the predefined peak value number that needs cancellation (K<M<<N), MAR is the ratio between the amplitude mean value of signal of the amplitude minimum value of signal of cancellation peak value and cancellation peak value, and SNR is the energy of signal of cancellation peak value and the ratio of noise energy;
(2) bank of filters will insert parallel signal after the null value by frequency domain transform to time domain, make parallel signal in the time domain cross multinomial structure again and mix and fall, obtain the signal after the bank of filters modulation;
(3) signal after the bank of filters modulation is carried out amplitude detection, select maximum K peak value and it is made zero, obtain the bank of filters modulation signal of cancellation peak value;
(4) the bank of filters modulation signal with the cancellation peak value sends to receiving terminal after further handling, and described further processing comprises D/A switch, signal amplification and is modulated to high frequency;
Described receiving end signal is handled and is comprised the steps:
(a) analog signal that will receive from transmitting terminal is by high frequency modulated conversion digital signal again behind the low frequency, laggard line number word base band demodulating;
(b) digital signal after the demodulation is obtained parallel signal through serial to parallel conversion, this parallel signal is duplicated, again this parallel signal is stored in the register;
(c) bank of filters will duplicate the parallel signal that obtains by spatial transform to frequency domain, make parallel signal in the frequency domain cross multinomial structure again and mix and fall, obtain the signal after the bank of filters demodulation;
(d) from the signal after the bank of filters demodulation, extract the signal of preserved sub-carrier;
(e) according to the signal of the preserved sub-carrier that extracts, utilize compression sensing method that the described K that makes zero of step (3) peak value recovered;
(f) use K peak value after the parallel signal of storing in the described register of step (b) adds the described recovery of step (e), obtain and the identical signal of signal after the described bank of filters of step (2) is modulated;
(g) bank of filters is carried out demodulation to the signal that step (f) obtains, and earlier the signal that step (f) is obtained to frequency domain, makes in the frequency domain signal cross that multinomial structure is mixed falls by spatial transform again, obtains the signal after the new bank of filters demodulation.
2. the method that is used to handle the bank of filters peak-to-average force ratio based on the compressed sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the compression sensing method in the described step (e) is a quadrature coupling track algorithm.
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