CN101980001A - Nondestructive monitoring system and method for living rice grain filling - Google Patents
Nondestructive monitoring system and method for living rice grain filling Download PDFInfo
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- CN101980001A CN101980001A CN2010105268808A CN201010526880A CN101980001A CN 101980001 A CN101980001 A CN 101980001A CN 2010105268808 A CN2010105268808 A CN 2010105268808A CN 201010526880 A CN201010526880 A CN 201010526880A CN 101980001 A CN101980001 A CN 101980001A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nondestructive monitoring system and a nondestructive monitoring method for living rice grain filling, belongs to the technical field of crop production and is specially used for real-time monitoring and regulation and control management of field production at the late stage of rice growth. The system mainly comprises a supporting rod, a sensor, a Flow32 packaged stem flow meter host, a computer containing related software and a nondestructive monitoring equation and a power supply. The nondestructive monitoring method is performed 10 to 20 days after earing and flowering of the rice by the following steps of: carefully packaging a stem which is 2.5cm at the lower part between joints of the single-stem spike neck of the rice into a sensor SGA2 or SGA3; connecting the five parts by using signal lines; and starting the stem flow meter and the computer for living real-time nondestructive monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of live body, real-time, non-destructive monitoring system and method that enriches at Grain Filling of Rice, belong to the crop production technology field, be exclusively used in real-time monitoring and regulation and administration that paddy rice late growth stage field produces.
Background technology
Paddy rice is the topmost cereal crops of China, and it is staple food with rice that there is the population more than 60% in the whole nation.Since the eighties in 20th century, rice yield is in the state of pacing up and down always, though cultivated large quantities of super rice kinds (combination), but the kind of these super hybridization rices or make up equal ubiquity seed circularity difference between topic, seed circularity difference has become the further bottleneck of performance of the modern rice varieties yield potentiality of restriction.
Enrich around Grain Filling of Rice, the paddy rice researcher has been carried out a large amount of research work both at home and abroad.Zhu Qingsen etc. (1988) have carried out match to heavily weightening finish process of grain with the Richards model than morning, have been commonly scholars at present and have adopted.The Richards growth equation is: W=A (1+Be-Kt)/-1/N, equation is an independent variable with the fate t after blooming, heavy W is a dependent variable with the paddy rice grain.The Richards equation is asked first order derivative, and rate equation GR=dW/dt=ABe-Kt/[N (1+Be-Kt) must be in the milk] (N+1)/N, be in the whole filling process of seed the dynamic change of grouting speed.The Richards equation has 4 to treat fitting parameter A, B, K, N, by these parameters can determine the relative initial growth gesture, grouting extended period, maximum grouting speed of strong and weak gesture grain, on average be in the milk speed, maximum grain heavy, preceding in three phases of back grouting speed and grouting time to stages such as output contribution grouting characteristic parameter in order to the grouting characteristic of different cultivars relatively.
For a long time, paddy rice (comprising the wheat, corn of the cereal crop etc.) mensuration that kernel grouting enriches all is to adopt destructive method to measure, be exactly in the destructive sampling of the different times of kernel grouting, difference according to front and back sampling kernel weight in period draws grouting speed divided by the time, even if simulate correlation parameter, also all be to adopt destructive sampling method to obtain relevant data earlier by Richards.But, because the growth conditions of plant, the size of seed, grain position, grouting time morning and evening and climatic ecology condition etc. can not be identical, there is very big-difference between the seed of each sampling, causes the mensuration of kernel grouting speed and circularity to have certain error.In order to eliminate this error, generally adopt the method for large sample sampling, not only increased cost, owing to causing plant to be subjected to certain injury, destructive sampling has error equally.
Adopting tagging is a kind of method of carrying out substance operation and the substantial mark of kernel grouting, but adopts not only cost costliness of tagging, and will carry out the destructiveness sampling equally and carry out determination and analysis.Therefore, set up the substantial system and method for non-destructive monitoring kernel grouting of a cover live body, realize all-weather real-time, the non-destructive monitoring of process that Grain Filling of Rice is enriched, not only can reduce error, and can realize non-destructive, increase the science accuracy.
In sum, at growth indexes such as Grain Filling of Rice speed, circularity, go back easy, the quick and gratifying live body nondestructive monitoring device of neither one at present, and be used for guiding agricultural production.Apparatus of the present invention do not need destructive sampling, have convenient, quick, real-time and advantages of nondestructive, are particularly suitable for field monitoring in real time and field management and instruct.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome existing Grain Filling of Rice and enrich the defective of measuring, develop a kind of portable live body nondestructive monitoring device and method, possess the characteristics that the one line operation of suitable agri-scientific research personnel field, real non-destructive monitoring and field real-time management are instructed.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The non-destructive monitoring system that a kind of live body Grain Filling of Rice is enriched comprises support, Flow32 packaging type stemflow instrument main frame, the computing machine that host work program software Flow32, data acquisition software PC208W and non-destructive monitoring equation are housed, sensor SGA2 or SGA3; Flow32 packaging type stemflow instrument main frame links to each other with described computing machine, described sensor by signal line; Described sensor is made up of with sealed fixing device meter: described meter links to each other with described Flow32 packaging type stemflow instrument by cable; Described monitoring equation is:
Y=0.0066X-0.2465 or Y=0.0246X-1.9427
In the formula: Y is a liquid flowing strength between panicle neck, and X is the seed circularity.
Described non-destructive monitoring system, described sealed fixing device is made up of insulation sleeve, O-type circle, single-coated foam, plasticine and aluminium-foil paper, is used to reduce the thermal loss of described meter.
Described non-destructive monitoring system, described support is adjustable telescopic supporting rod.
The non-destructive monitoring method that a kind of Grain Filling of Rice is enriched, in the kernel grouting mid-term that paddy rice ears and bloomed 10-20 days, select the single stem of paddy rice of growth homogeneous and growing way stalwartness, careful top one stem that from push up a sheath, strips out about 15cm, clean out foreign material on the stem stalk with paper handkerchief, measure and write down the stem stalk diameter at 2.5cm place, below between panicle neck, select the right sensors type according to the diameter of measuring then; Sensor is connected 2.5cm place, below between the paddy rice panicle neck, and is fixed on the support bar, start stemflow instrument and computing machine then, described computing machine is equipped with software Flow32, PC208W and non-destructive monitoring equation, and described monitoring equation is:
Y=0.0066X-0.2465 or Y=0.0246X-1.9427
In the formula: Y is a liquid flowing strength between panicle neck, and X is the seed circularity; Can realize that live body, non-destructive monitoring Grain Filling of Rice enrich.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the device one-piece construction figure of system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sensor fixed position synoptic diagram of system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 installs exploded view for the sensor of system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the non-destructive monitoring equation and the synoptic diagram of liquid flowing strength and seed circularity between the panicle neck of the inventive method.
Descriptive name:
1. single stem 2. sensors of paddy rice 3. stemflow instrument main frames 4. computing machines
5. battery 6. support bars 7. nylon ropes 8. push up a leaf
9. push up 12. meters between a sheath 10. top one stem, 11. panicle necks
13. pickup wire cable joint 14. main frame cable connectors 15. top two leaves, 16. top O-type circles
17. bottom O-type circle 18. insulation sleeves 19. single-coated foams
Embodiment
1, use and operation in the field of apparatus of the present invention
(1) the stem stalk is prepared and selection of time
In the mid-term of Grain Filling of Rice (heading was bloomed back 10-20 days), select the single stem 1 of paddy rice of growth homogeneous and growing way stalwartness, careful top one stem 10 that from push up a sheath 9, strips out about 15cm, clean out foreign material on the stem stalk with paper handkerchief, measure and write down the stem stalk diameter at 2.5cm place, 11 below between panicle neck, select right sensors type (SGA2 or SGA3) according to the diameter of measuring then.
(2) installation of SGA2,3 sensors
Open well heater (being placed on the yellowish-brown color chips at meter 12 centers, also is the core component of sensor 2), carefully entrain into the stem stalk at 2.5cm place, 11 bottom between the single stem panicle neck of paddy rice in the ring heater; Meter 12 shells are closed, and fix with single-coated foam, heater chip is fully contacted with the stem stalk, at this moment, appropriateness is pulling and rotation meter 12 firmly, do not take place to slide or reverse, otherwise, reopen adhesive strip, tie up again; O- type circle 16,17 is enclosed within on the stem stalk of meter about in the of 12; Insulation sleeve 18 is installed in the assembly outside and cable connector 13 should be installed in the slit of insulation sleeve 18, tightens insulation sleeve 18 with single-coated foam 19; Seal the gap that each contact site exposes with plasticine, and the model and the resistance of record stem stalk meter well heater; Wrap up several weeks of whole sensor to prevent the influence of external environment with aluminium-foil paper to responsive energy equilibrium reading; With nylon rope 7 sensor is lashed on the sensor support bar 6 at last, in order to avoid the rice stem stalk that fractures.
(3) connection of system
Pickup wire cable joint 13 is connected with the expansion cable 14 that indicates channel number, entangles the cable junction with the rubber protective cover cover at sensor connector place, and the cable number that is connected with respective sensor/plant of record; Main frame 3 communication cables are connected with the computing machine 4 that Flow32 and PC208W software are housed; The host power supply line is connected with battery 5, opens stemflow instrument host power supply, and stemflow instrument main frame begins to sound.
2, Flow32 packaging type stemflow instrument parameter and data being set includes
(1) stemflow instrument and sensor parameters are set
Open computing machine, with Flow32 software set stemflow instrument parameter: power supply (50Hz), scan rate (5seconds), Number of Dynagages (AO 1-8gages), Reading Average time (15minutes), Data Output to Storage (15minutes), Power Down Time (23:59:59), Power On Time (0:00:01); The sensor parameters of record: Gage Type (SGA2 or SGA3) when install in the input field, Heater Resistance (resistance), Stem OD (stem stalk diameter) and Thermal Conductivity (paddy rice is hollow plant, and stem stalk pyroconductivity selects 0.28).Setting completed, with Save As save as * * * .dld.
(2) send working routine
Open PC208W software, computing machine and stemflow instrument main frame are coupled together with connect.The first step uses Set Datalogger Clk the clock of stemflow instrument main frame and the clock synchronization of computing machine.Second step sent the special maintenance program (Maint.dld) of Flow32 system, regulated SGA2,3 exemplary voltages is 2.3V.The 3rd step, use the Send button, pop-up window find preserve after sensor is set * * * the .dld program file sends in the stemflow instrument main frame.
(3) observe real-time data presented
Press the Data Display Graphs# 1 above the Numeric button, in the real-time graph display mode, watch the result, click two other button " 2 and 3 " and will show other related datas.Each interface can show 10 variablees, but preferably watches the Sap Flow reading of a few sensor always; The reading of dT and Ksh preferably is presented on the interface, and the reading of Qr and Qf is presented on another interface.Variable just has the approximately identical order of magnitude and unit like this.
(4) collect, handle and preserve data
Collect 1-3 days whole day 24 hour datas, at first, with collect/collect all in the PC208W software with the data of collecting save as raw data file * * * .dat; Secondly with the auto set zero of Ksh in the Flow32 software right * * * Ksh among the .dat carries out automatic zero set (AZS); Calculate Sap Flow function with Flow32 software shows the result who measures and preserve in the Excel document at last.
(5) the substantial quantitative non-destructive monitoring equation of Grain Filling of Rice
This seminar is based on the field test under different year, different cultivars, different nitrogen and the moisture processing horizontal, utilize Flow32 packaging type stemflow instrument to measure liquid flowing strength between panicle neck, adopt traditional determination of test method kernel grouting speed, then by correlation analysis clear and definite relation (table 1) between Grain Filling of Rice speed and the liquid flowing strength, established the non-destructive monitoring equation (Fig. 4) of rice grain circularity and liquid flowing strength on this basis, for system of the present invention provides theoretical foundation, the non-destructive monitoring equation is as follows:
Y=0.0066X-0.2465; Or Y=0.0246X-1.9427
In the formula: Y is a liquid flowing strength between panicle neck, and X is the seed circularity.
The relation of liquid flowing strength and kernel grouting speed between table 1 paddy rice panicle neck
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the non-destructive monitoring system that the live body Grain Filling of Rice is enriched comprises support, Flow32 packaging type stemflow instrument main frame, the computing machine that host work program software Flow32, data acquisition software PC208W and non-destructive monitoring equation are housed, sensor SGA2 or SGA3; Flow32 packaging type stemflow instrument main frame links to each other with described computing machine, described sensor by signal line; It is characterized in that:
Described sensor is made up of with sealed fixing device meter: described meter links to each other with described Flow32 packaging type stemflow instrument by cable; Described monitoring equation is:
Y=0.0066X-0.2465 or Y=0.0246X-1.9427
In the formula: Y is a liquid flowing strength between panicle neck, and X is the seed circularity.
2. the non-destructive monitoring method that enriches of a live body Grain Filling of Rice, it is characterized in that, in the kernel grouting mid-term that paddy rice ears and bloomed 10-20 days, select the single stem of paddy rice of growth homogeneous and growing way stalwartness, careful top one stem that from push up a sheath, strips out about 15cm, clean out foreign material on the stem stalk with paper handkerchief, measure and the record panicle neck between the stem stalk diameter at 2.5cm place, below, then according to the diameter selection right sensors type of measuring; Sensor is connected 2.5cm place, below between the paddy rice panicle neck, and is fixed on the support bar, start stemflow instrument and computing machine then, described computing machine is equipped with software Flow32, PC208W and non-destructive monitoring equation, and described monitoring equation is:
Y=0.0066X-0.2465 or Y=0.0246X-1.9427
In the formula: Y is a liquid flowing strength between panicle neck, and X is the seed circularity; Can realize that live body, non-destructive monitoring Grain Filling of Rice enrich.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110934048A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-31 | 中国水稻研究所 | Method for determining filling dynamics of rice grains |
Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2321248C2 (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2008-04-10 | Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт риса (ГНУ ВНИИ риса) | Method for controlling of piricularia pitting rice disease |
| CN101221193A (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2008-07-16 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Plant stemflow velocity measuring method and device thereof |
| CN101790955A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-08-04 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Method for controlling irrigation according to crop water shortage degree and device thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2321248C2 (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2008-04-10 | Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт риса (ГНУ ВНИИ риса) | Method for controlling of piricularia pitting rice disease |
| CN101221193A (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2008-07-16 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Plant stemflow velocity measuring method and device thereof |
| CN101790955A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-08-04 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Method for controlling irrigation according to crop water shortage degree and device thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 农业科技辑》 20100615 杨海霞 水稻不同粒位籽粒昼夜灌浆的氮素调控生理机制研究 第1.2.2.2节、3.2.4节、第39页第2段、5.1.3节 1-2 , 第06期 2 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110934048A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-31 | 中国水稻研究所 | Method for determining filling dynamics of rice grains |
| CN110934048B (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-07-06 | 中国水稻研究所 | Method for determining filling dynamics of rice grains |
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Application publication date: 20110223 |