CN101976505A - Traffic evaluation method and system - Google Patents
Traffic evaluation method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101976505A CN101976505A CN2010105202181A CN201010520218A CN101976505A CN 101976505 A CN101976505 A CN 101976505A CN 2010105202181 A CN2010105202181 A CN 2010105202181A CN 201010520218 A CN201010520218 A CN 201010520218A CN 101976505 A CN101976505 A CN 101976505A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a traffic evaluation method which comprises the following steps: importing map data, floating car data and mobile phone base station positioning data, and carrying out organization and management to acquire basic data; establishing a reliability evaluation model; and carrying out data fusion on the basic data through the reliability evaluation model to acquire traffic integrated information. The traffic evaluation method and system establish the reliability evaluation model of the road network based on the floating car data and the mobile phone base station positioning data, have the advantages of large data volume, high quality and good space-time characteristics, effectively overcome the defects of high cost, few samples, poor quality and poor timeliness in the traditional method, and accurately acquire the traffic integrated information with large covering area and strong practicability under the action of the reliability evaluation model, thereby accurately reflecting the distribution and flow rules of the urban traffic flow.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to computer technology, particularly relate to a kind of traffic evaluation method and system.
[background technology]
One of important carrier that the urban road traffic network is moved as national economy, its stability is directly connected to the normal development of national economy, therefore, is necessary it is carried out the traffic evaluation analysis.During traditional traffic is estimated, the source ubiquity of data defectives such as data cost height, the sampling sample is limited, the cycle is long, the quality of data is relatively poor, and road network is an interactive dynamic random system of a traffic supplying party and party in request, the trip of its vehicle and population distributes and all has tangible randomness, and the trip distribution characteristics that can not obtain vehicle in the urban road network, population is real-time dynamicly seriously restricting the accuracy that conventional traffic is estimated.
How obtain the vehicle and the population trip characteristics data of road network, and data are carried out overall treatment, traffic evaluation is one of difficult problem of facing of traffic administration, traffic programme construction always by high-tech means.
[summary of the invention]
Based on this, be necessary to provide a kind of traffic evaluation method of obtaining vehicle and the dynamic change of population trip information.
In addition, also be necessary to provide a kind of traffic evaluation system that obtains vehicle and the dynamic change of population trip information.
A kind of traffic evaluation method comprises the steps: to import map datum, unsteady vehicle data, cellular base station locator data, and carries out organization and administration, obtains basic data; Set up the reliability evaluation model; By the reliability evaluation model described basic data is carried out data fusion, obtain the traffic integrated information.
Preferably, described method also comprises the traffic integrated information is published on step in the Geographic Information System.
Preferably, described importing map datum, float vehicle data, cellular base station locator data, and carry out organization and administration, the step that obtains basic data is: obtain float vehicle data and cellular base station locator data, and respectively the vehicle data that floats is carried out pre-service according to described map datum; To float vehicle data and cellular base station locator data and map datum mates, and obtains information of vehicles and population trip trace information.
Preferably, the described step of obtaining the vehicle data that floats is: obtain the vehicle data that floats from vehicle termination by the extracting data that wireless communication mode sent.
Preferably, described pretreated step is: the vehicle data that floats is carried out logic determines, filter abnormal data; Deletion float vehicle data corresponding vehicle be the unsteady vehicle data of empty wagons.
Preferably, described reliability evaluation model comprises: by basic data, calculate vehicle flowrate, speed, the density variation relation along with the time; Data and unsteady vehicle data calculate the connection reliability according to the map; From the vehicle data that floats, obtain journey time, carry out the fail-safe analysis of road network journey time; According to described connection reliability and the resulting journey time reliability of road network journey time fail-safe analysis, calculate road network capacity reliability.
A kind of traffic evaluation system comprises at least: data collection station, and be used to import map datum, unsteady vehicle data, cellular base station locator data, and carry out organization and administration, obtain basic data; Model building device is used to set up the reliability evaluation model; Evaluating apparatus is used for by the reliability evaluation model described basic data being carried out data fusion, obtains the traffic integrated information.
Preferably, also comprise: distributing device is used for the traffic integrated information is published on Geographic Information System.
Preferably, described data collection station comprises: pretreatment module is used to obtain float vehicle data and cellular base station locator data, and respectively the vehicle data that floats is carried out pre-service according to described map datum; Matching module is used for unsteady vehicle data and cellular base station locator data and map datum are mated, and obtains information of vehicles and population trip trace information.
Preferably, described pretreatment module from vehicle termination by extracting data that wireless communication mode the sent vehicle data that floats.
Preferably, described pretreatment module is further used for the vehicle data that floats is carried out logic determines, filters abnormal data, deletion float vehicle data corresponding vehicle be the unsteady vehicle data of empty wagons.
Preferably, described model building device comprises: the essential characteristic MBM, be used for by basic data, and calculate vehicle flowrate, speed, density variation relation along with the time; Be communicated with MBM, be used for data and unsteady vehicle data according to the map, calculate the connection reliability; The journey time MBM is used for obtaining journey time from the vehicle data that floats, and carries out the fail-safe analysis of road network journey time; The capacity MBM is used for calculating road network capacity reliability according to being communicated with reliability and the resulting journey time reliability of road network journey time fail-safe analysis.
Above-mentioned traffic evaluation method and system set up the reliability evaluation model of road network based on float vehicle data and cellular base station locator data, advantage with big data quantity, high-quality and space-time characterisation, remedied effectively that cost height in the classic method, sample are few, of poor quality, the deficiency of poor in timeliness, under the effect of reliability evaluation model, accurately obtain wide coverage, practical traffic integrated information, reflected the traffic flow distribution and the flowing law in city exactly.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of traffic evaluation method among the embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram of traffic evaluation method step S10 among the embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the detailed block diagram of traffic evaluation system among the embodiment.
[embodiment]
Fig. 1 shows the method flow that traffic is estimated among the embodiment, comprises the steps:
In step S10, import map datum, unsteady vehicle data, cellular base station locator data, and carry out organization and administration, obtain basic data.In one embodiment, the cellular base station locator data is the mobile phone location information that gets access in mobile communications network, and geodata has write down geographic coordinate, the Vehicular data recording that floats the information of vehicles in the road network, be raw data, raw data is carried out organization and administration and obtained basic data.This basic data has write down all information of population trip and vehicle.
Among one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the process of step S10 specifically:
In step S102, obtain float vehicle data and cellular base station locator data, and data are carried out pre-service to the vehicle data that floats respectively according to the map.Particularly, the vehicle data that floats (Float Car Data is called for short FCD) is to obtain by the extracting data that wireless communication mode sent from vehicle termination.The car-mounted terminal of taxi monitoring and scheduling center and taxi carries out information interaction, the car-mounted terminal of taxi sends to GPS (Global Positioning System, GPS) information such as data and vehicle-state, speed, direction, mileage number that comprised current time in the unsteady vehicle data at monitoring and scheduling center by wireless communication mode.It is empty wagons or loaded vehicle that vehicle-state has been indicated this taxi.Wireless communication mode is preferably general packet radio service technology (General Packet Radio Service, abbreviation GPRS), global system for mobile communications (Global System for Mobile Communications, be called for short GSM) or CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) (CodeDivision Multiple Access is called for short CDMA) in any one.From continuous unsteady vehicle data, can extract about this vehicle and have the track of vehicle data of geographic coordinate, initial termination (Origin-Destination is called for short OD) data etc.Obtain the cellular base station locator data by the information interaction between mobile phone and the base station.
Owing to reasons such as the car-mounted terminal in the taxi, signal transmission and reception, buildings block, situations such as gps data drift, vehicle speed value are unusual, time of reception confusion can appear in the unsteady vehicle data that gets access to, therefore, be necessary original unsteady vehicle data is carried out pre-service.Particularly, pretreated step is: at first the unsteady vehicle data that receives is carried out logic determines, filter abnormal data; Corresponding vehicle is the unsteady vehicle data of empty wagons in the unsteady vehicle data of deletion then.The taxi of carrying is not in the process of seeking traveller; random bigger driving behavior such as roadside marquis visitor, rest, irregular lane change and acceleration and deceleration usually can appear; thereby the actual traffic operation conditions that can not reflect urban road truly, the unsteady vehicle data of therefore essential deletion empty wagons.Can embody the trip of taxi essential characteristic by continuous unsteady vehicle data, this trip of taxi essential characteristic has comprised that service time, whole day carrying kilometres, the equal carrying number of times of car, carrying time, sky are sailed time, day service time, whole day carrying kilometres, the equal carrying kilometres of car, a day operation takes in and car is all runed income etc., thereby pass through statistical study and can obtain information such as the difference trip flow of different time, different regions, OD distribution, with the Changing Pattern of reflection vehicle driving feature along with the time.
In step S104, will float vehicle data and cellular base station locator data and map datum mate, and obtain information of vehicles and population trip trace information.Particularly, adopt point and straight line to characterize the node and the path of city road network, and this node and straight line all have geographic position attribute accurately, to realize the correspondence in node, path in map datum and the city road network, the coupling of vehicle data, cellular base station data and map datum thereby realization is floated.Utilize unsteady vehicle data and cellular base station locator data to carry out location positioning to vehicle, population, and follow the trail of its change in location information continuously, carry out data processing and route matching on this basis, extract corresponding information of vehicles and population trip trace information, to reflect the dynamic change characterization of at interval interior motion track of various time cycles, the data that obtain have stronger representativeness and authenticity, and the quality of data is higher.
In step S20, set up the reliability evaluation model.In one embodiment, the vehicle in city and population trip possess following essential characteristic: (1) randomness, city vehicle and population trip are subjected to the influence of multiple internal and external factor, internal cause such as trip purpose, individual preference etc., external cause such as road net situation, traffic hazard, disaster etc., these factors often all exist certain uncertainty and randomness; (2) space clustering, the trip of city vehicle, population be based on traffic trip closely, vehicle, population goes out the line frequency height, in the down town or the transport hub have tangible aggregation; (3) time cycle property, the trip of vehicle usually are closely connected with the population trip, and therefore the population trip mainly concentrates in the short time period of morning and evening to travel frequently, to attend a school by taking daily trips.This change is the cycle change with 24 hours or a week usually.This shows that the vehicle in city and population trip are closely related with traffic, the degree of stability of road network, therefore, must set up the reliability evaluation model according to basic data.
Set up the reliability evaluation model by spatial analysis.This spatial analysis can provide various analytical model that basic data is carried out obtaining all kinds of thematic datas after convergence analysis is handled, and classification and storage, in order to showing or the data sharing use.The reliability evaluation model carries out combinatory analysis to obtain the trip rule to various basic datas, simultaneously the service level and the degree of reliability of road network are estimated, for the general public trip provides the transport information reference, for the planning personnel provides the planning application instrument, for the decision-making leader provides decision-making foundation.This reliability evaluation model comprises by according to basic data, calculates between vehicle flowrate, speed, the density variation relation along with the time; Data and unsteady vehicle data calculate the connection reliability according to the map; From the vehicle data that floats, obtain journey time, carry out the fail-safe analysis of road network journey time; According to being communicated with reliability and the resulting journey time reliability of road network journey time fail-safe analysis, calculate road network capacity reliability, wherein:
According to basic data, calculate vehicle flowrate, speed, density variation relation along with the time.Among one embodiment, the vehicle flowrate in the road network, speed and density are three basic parameters of reflection urban transportation feature.Vehicle flowrate is defined as the vehicle number that passes through a certain section of road in the unit interval; Speed is the index of expression road service level, service quality, has comprised average velocity, midrange speed, speed etc. the most frequently; Density is defined as the vehicle number that exists on the unit interval of a certain moment road, is the representative index of the congestion state of expression road.Utilize information of vehicles and population trip trace information in the basic data to carry out Data Fusion and route matching, obtain the variation relation between the time dependent dynamic law of the traffic capacity in path and vehicle flowrate, speed, the density, in the hope of in traffic planninng, design and utilization, reaching the purpose of coordinating and improving various means of transportation functions of use.
Data and unsteady vehicle data calculate the connection reliability according to the map.Among one embodiment, be communicated with reliability and be meant that the node in the road network keeps the probability of connection, reflected the connection situation in the road network, describe the reliability of road network from network topology structure.In one embodiment, two nodes of picked at random road network node set judge by the network topology relation whether both are communicated with, and repeat above-mentioned steps and find the solution road network in conjunction with the series-parallel system reliability calculation method to be communicated with reliability.
From the vehicle data that floats, obtain journey time, carry out the fail-safe analysis of road network journey time.Among one embodiment, it is right that the journey time reliability is meant for a given OD, and traveler can be finished the probability of trip at the appointed time smoothly, is the maximum time that arrives the destination under given probability.Particularly, journey time can be divided into path journey time reliability, OD to journey time reliability and system stroke time reliability.But path journey time reliability is meant the probability of journey time in acceptance threshold on the given path, OD to the journey time reliability be comprehensive given OD between all paths of being used by the user journey time with obtain one about OD to the estimating of service level, system stroke time reliability then is to consider the index of all OD to a total system service level obtaining.Path journey time reliability helps the selection of traveler to the path, and OD then helps the supvr to estimate the performance of road network to time reliability and system stroke time reliability.
According to being communicated with reliability and the resulting journey time reliability of road network journey time fail-safe analysis, calculate road network capacity reliability.Among one embodiment, the capacity reliability be meant road network acceptable service level with can hold the probability of certain volume of traffic, considered the marginal capacity of road network, this marginal capacity is maximum effect factor in the OD demand, when user's optimum allocation to road network the time, is satisfied the current ability in highway section.Wherein, acceptable road service level is meant measuring of driver and passenger experienced in the traffic flow vehicle operating service quality, that is road is in following quality level that operation service is provided of certain transportation condition.Usually, the factor that influences the road service level has many, as road, traffic, control, environmental baseline etc.Therefore the capacity reliability is to satisfy under the highway section current ability and travel time reliability constraint, road network the maximum magnitude of traffic flow that can hold.
In step S30, by the reliability evaluation model basic data is carried out data fusion, obtain the traffic integrated information.In one embodiment, basic data is imported in the reliability evaluation model, carry out data fusion, to obtain traffic integrated informations such as vehicle flowrate, speed, density in the road network, realize that road network is communicated with reliability evaluation analysis, the analysis of road network journey time reliability evaluation, the analysis of road network capacity reliability evaluation.In other embodiments, basic data is imported in the reliability evaluation model, also can carry out space-time characteristic analysis, the traffic distribution of road network vehicle flowrate, speed, density and induce analysis, forecasting traffic flow and traffic accident prevention control analysis etc.
In step S40, the traffic integrated information is published in the Geographic Information System.Among one embodiment, to pass through Geographic Information System (GeographicInformation System by the traffic integrated information that the reliability evaluation model analysis obtains, GIS) issue, with the distribution that is applied to traffic flow with induce, in the land use planning, city planning, and according to the integrated information Knowledge Extraction application of traffic integrated information realization based on information of vehicles and population trip trace information, for decision-making management provides support, in addition, can also be applied in traffic administration and planning, the traffic accident prevention control application.
Fig. 3 shows the detailed module of traffic evaluation system among the embodiment, and this traffic evaluation system comprises data collection station 10, model building device 20, evaluating apparatus 30 and distributing device 40, wherein:
Among one embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, data collection station 10 comprises pretreatment module 102 and matching module 104.
Among one embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, model building device 20 comprises essential characteristic MBM 202, is communicated with MBM 204, journey time MBM 206 and capacity MBM 208.
Essential characteristic MBM 202 is used for by basic data, calculates vehicle flowrate, speed, the density variation relation along with the time.Particularly, as previously mentioned, the vehicle flowrate in the road network, speed and density are three basic parameters of reflection urban transportation.By the vehicle number of a certain section of road, obtain vehicle flowrate in the 202 unit of account times of essential characteristic MBM, calculate the vehicle number that exists on the unit interval of a certain moment road, obtain density, and obtain speed by the vehicle data that floats.This speed is the index of expression road service level, service quality, has comprised average velocity, midrange speed and speed etc. the most frequently.
Be communicated with MBM 204, be used for data and unsteady vehicle data according to the map, calculate the connection reliability.Particularly, as previously mentioned, be communicated with MBM 204 in one embodiment, two nodes of picked at random road network node set, judge by the network topology relation whether both are communicated with, repeat above-mentioned steps and find the solution road network to be communicated with reliability in conjunction with the series-parallel system reliability calculation method.
Journey time MBM 206 is used for obtaining journey time from the vehicle data that floats, and carries out the fail-safe analysis of road network journey time.Journey time MBM 206 calculates the probability that passerby can finish trip at the appointed time smoothly, promptly arrives the maximum time of destination under given probability.As previously mentioned, but journey time MBM 206 is calculated the probability of journey time in acceptance threshold on the given paths, obtains path journey time reliability; Calculate given OD between the journey time in all paths of being used by the user to obtain OD to the journey time reliability; Take all factors into consideration all OD to obtain system stroke time reliability.
Capacity MBM 208 is used for calculating road network capacity reliability according to being communicated with reliability and the resulting journey time reliability of road network journey time fail-safe analysis.Capacity MBM 208 is calculated the probability of road network at the acceptable service level and the volume of traffic, obtains the capacity reliability.
Evaluating apparatus 30 is used for by the reliability evaluation model basic data being carried out data fusion, obtains the traffic integrated information.In one embodiment, evaluating apparatus will carry out Data Fusion in map datum, float vehicle data and the cellular base station locator data importing reliability evaluation model, to obtain the traffic integrated information, realize that road network is communicated with reliability evaluation analysis, the analysis of road network journey time reliability evaluation, the analysis of road network capacity reliability evaluation.In other embodiments, evaluating apparatus 30 imports basic data in the reliability evaluation model, can also carry out space-time characteristic analysis, the traffic distribution of road network vehicle flowrate, speed, density and induce analysis, forecasting traffic flow and traffic accident prevention control analysis etc.
Distributing device 40 is used for the traffic integrated information is published on Geographic Information System.In one embodiment, distributing device 40 is issued the traffic integrated information that the reliability evaluation model analysis obtains by Geographic Information System, with the distribution that is applied to traffic flow with induce, in the land use planning, city planning, and according to the integrated information Knowledge Extraction application of traffic integrated information realization based on information of vehicles and population trip trace information, for decision-making management provides support, in addition, can also be applied in traffic administration and planning, the traffic accident prevention control application.
Above-mentioned traffic evaluation method and system set up the reliability evaluation model of road network based on float vehicle data and cellular base station locator data, advantage with big data quantity, high-quality and space-time characterisation, remedied effectively that cost height in the classic method, sample are few, of poor quality, the deficiency of poor in timeliness, under the effect of reliability evaluation model, accurately obtain wide coverage, practical traffic integrated information, reflected the traffic flow distribution and the flowing law in city exactly.
Above-mentioned traffic evaluation method and system are by Geographic Information System issuing traffic integrated information, can diagram data be stored in combination, data mining and special topic show to the unsteady vehicle data of magnanimity and Mobile Phone Locating data, realized the integrated information Knowledge Extraction that combines with information of vehicles, population trip trace information and road network reliability evaluation, for traffic administration and planning, urban land use and planning provide the aid decision making support.
The reliability evaluation model has been estimated dynamic traffic situations such as urban road network service level, degree of stability intuitively in above-mentioned traffic evaluation method and the system, for development of Urban Traffic lays the foundation.
Vehicle data float in above-mentioned traffic evaluation method and the system by realizing and being connected of its highway section, place that with the map datum coupling data precision is very high; The cellular base station locator data can get access to big data quantity, time series continuously and cover the population trip trace information in whole city, and by the map datum combination, realizes the accurate evaluation of transportation network.
The above embodiment has only expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to claim of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (12)
1. a traffic evaluation method comprises the steps:
Import map datum, unsteady vehicle data, cellular base station locator data, and carry out organization and administration, obtain basic data;
Set up the reliability evaluation model;
By the reliability evaluation model described basic data is carried out data fusion, obtain the traffic integrated information.
2. traffic evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described method also comprises the traffic integrated information is published on step in the Geographic Information System.
3. traffic evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described importing map datum, float vehicle data, cellular base station locator data, and carry out organization and administration, the step that obtains basic data is:
Obtain float vehicle data and cellular base station locator data, and respectively the vehicle data that floats is carried out pre-service according to described map datum;
To float vehicle data and cellular base station locator data and map datum mates, and obtains information of vehicles and population trip trace information.
4. traffic evaluation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the described step of obtaining the vehicle data that floats is:
Obtain the vehicle data that floats from vehicle termination by the extracting data that wireless communication mode sent.
5. traffic evaluation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described pretreated step is:
The vehicle data that floats is carried out logic determines, filter abnormal data;
Deletion float vehicle data corresponding vehicle be the unsteady vehicle data of empty wagons.
6. traffic evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reliability evaluation model comprises:
By basic data, calculate vehicle flowrate, speed, density variation relation along with the time;
Data and unsteady vehicle data calculate the connection reliability according to the map;
From the vehicle data that floats, obtain journey time, carry out the fail-safe analysis of road network journey time;
According to described connection reliability and the resulting journey time reliability of road network journey time fail-safe analysis, calculate road network capacity reliability.
7. a traffic evaluation system is characterized in that, comprises at least:
Data collection station is used to import map datum, unsteady vehicle data, cellular base station locator data, and carries out organization and administration, obtains basic data;
Model building device is used to set up the reliability evaluation model;
Evaluating apparatus is used for by the reliability evaluation model described basic data being carried out data fusion, obtains the traffic integrated information.
8. traffic evaluation system according to claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Distributing device is used for the traffic integrated information is published on Geographic Information System.
9. traffic evaluation system according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described data collection station comprises:
Pretreatment module is used to obtain float vehicle data and cellular base station locator data, and respectively the vehicle data that floats is carried out pre-service according to described map datum;
Matching module is used for unsteady vehicle data and cellular base station locator data and map datum are mated, and obtains information of vehicles and population trip trace information.
10. traffic evaluation system according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described pretreatment module from vehicle termination by extracting data that wireless communication mode the sent vehicle data that floats.
11. traffic evaluation system according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described pretreatment module is further used for the vehicle data that floats is carried out logic determines, filters abnormal data, deletion float vehicle data corresponding vehicle be the unsteady vehicle data of empty wagons.
12. traffic evaluation system according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described model building device comprises:
The essential characteristic MBM is used for by basic data, calculates vehicle flowrate, speed, the density variation relation along with the time;
Be communicated with MBM, be used for data and unsteady vehicle data according to the map, calculate the connection reliability;
The journey time MBM is used for obtaining journey time from the vehicle data that floats, and carries out the fail-safe analysis of road network journey time;
The capacity MBM is used for calculating road network capacity reliability according to being communicated with reliability and the resulting journey time reliability of road network journey time fail-safe analysis.
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