CN101975389A - Ultra-supercritical boiler heating-surface wall-temperature monitoring system and monitoring method - Google Patents
Ultra-supercritical boiler heating-surface wall-temperature monitoring system and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101975389A CN101975389A CN2010101835202A CN201010183520A CN101975389A CN 101975389 A CN101975389 A CN 101975389A CN 2010101835202 A CN2010101835202 A CN 2010101835202A CN 201010183520 A CN201010183520 A CN 201010183520A CN 101975389 A CN101975389 A CN 101975389A
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Abstract
The invention relates to ultra-supercritical boiler heating-surface wall-temperature monitoring system and monitoring method, aiming to solve the problems of long thermocouples and ultrahigh price caused when the thermocouples are led out from both sides of a boiler. The ultra-supercritical boiler heating-surface wall-temperature monitoring system comprises the thermocouples, data acquisition systems and a monitoring system, wherein the input ends of the data acquisition systems are connected with the thermocouples, and the output ends of the data acquisition systems are connected with the monitoring system. The ultra-supercritical boiler heating-surface wall-temperature monitoring system is characterized in that the thermocouples are led out from the top of the boiler, the data acquisition systems are placed at the top of the boiler, each data acquisition system comprises a heat-collecting block, and the thermocouples and the heat-collecting blocks are directly welded and connected. The thermocouples are led out from the top of the boiler, the length of the thermocouples is reduced, and the cost of the thermocouples is greatly lowered, so that each pipeline of a boiler platen superheater and a finishing superheater can be comprehensively monitored, and the monitoring reliability is greatly enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to boiler and make the field, in particular, the invention relates to a kind of heating surface wall temperature monitoring system and method for supervising of ultra-supercritical boiler.
Background technology
Energy-conservation, reduce discharging, fall this and require fired power generating unit to raise the efficiency, promoted unconventional fast development overcritical, the ultra supercritical unit, but from the relevant unit that has moved at present, finishing superheater, pendant superheater and final reheater austenitic stainless steel material, caliber is thin, the pipeline throttle orifice is little, and higher to the cleanliness factor control requirement that the boiler manufacturing is installed, the throttle orifice blocking probability is higher during the boiler washing pipe; The easy oxidation of austenitic stainless steel material normal operation period is easy to peel off, and forms deposit in pipe bent position, and meeting blocking pipe elbow causes overheated booster when serious.In recent years, national thermal power plant stopped up because of capital construction foreign matter, oxide skin and caused that pipe explosion accident frequently took place, and some unit repeatedly this class accident took place in 1 year, and serious reaches 10 times more than.
Boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring is both at home and abroad at present influenced by cost of investment, just monitoring monitors to subrange, monitoring range is at below 10% of total amount, just select local representational position that the wall temperature measuring point is installed, can not carry out effective monitoring to high-temperature surface, the pipe of the long-term overtemperature of existence in service is just found until last booster.
Patent Office of the People's Republic of China discloses a CN1877193 document on December 13rd, 2006, name is called wall temperature on-line monitoring method and device in boiler superheater, the reheater stove, this device utilizes the measured temperature value of the outer steam temperature measuring point of the import and export stove of superheater or a small amount of pipe of reheater tube group and some operational factor of boiler, the computing of input computer, calculate this pipe in real time and organize all pipes along wall temperature value in the stove of each section of length pipe, judging whether overtemperature and loss mathematic(al) expectation, and calculate the cigarette temperature difference.Result of calculation is showing on the monitor and record in database.Realize the function of " repair based on condition of component " and " life-span monitoring ".The shortcoming of this device is that point for measuring temperature is arranged on the boiler both sides, make thermocouple very long, whether whether the structure of thermocouple is high, thereby has limited the thermocouple usage quantity, can not have obstruction and boiler to exist to boiler superheater, reheater and burn into capable comprehensive monitoring and warning partially.
Summary of the invention
The present invention draws from the boiler both sides for solving the thermocouple that exists in the prior art, cause the problem that thermocouple is very long and price is high, a kind of practicable, thermocouple deriving structure cheaply is provided, can carry out monitoring in real time comprehensively to the pipe that is heated of finishing superheater, pendant superheater in the boiler, heated condition in the boiler is monitored in real time, stop up as pipe, or ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system and the method for supervising that inclined to one side burning can in time be reported to the police takes place in the boiler heating.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the present invention includes thermocouple, data collecting system, monitoring system, the input of data collecting system links to each other with thermocouple, the output of data collecting system links to each other with monitoring system, thermocouple is drawn from the top straight line of boiler, data collecting system is placed on furnace roof, data collecting system comprises heat-collecting block, and thermocouple and described heat-collecting block directly are welded to connect.The conventional boiler wall temperature of installing adopts the arrangement of drawing thermocouple from boiler two sides, sets up the cable testing bridge of protection thermocouple in the big cover of ceiling, fairlead is less like this, but thermocouple length is longer, and average length is about 17～20 meters, and the price of thermocouple is high; Because thermocouple uses (generally having more than 1500) in a large number in the native system, must reduce the cost of thermocouple; From the arrangement that boiler top straight line is drawn, the length of thermocouple is shortened greatly, and improve the yield rate of thermocouple, reduce manufacturing, purchase cost greatly; In order to have saved a large amount of stube cables, system cost is reduced greatly, reach and eliminate the thermocouple measurement error as much as possible, improve the stability of thermocouple measurement, data collecting system is placed on furnace roof and thermocouple is close as far as possible, compensating cable in the middle of can cancelling, thermocouple does not adopt the bolting form with being connected of heat-collecting block, adopt the form of heat-collecting block and thermocouple welding, eliminate the loose contact, the uneven phenomenon of being heated that cause in the bolting form installation process; Data collecting system is gathered the boiler temperature data by thermocouple, and these data are sent to monitoring system, and monitoring system is responsible for the processing and the demonstration of data, and sends warning when judgement has fault to take place.
As preferably, on each road pipeline of boiler platen superheater and finishing superheater, all be provided with a thermocouple, and press pipeline and in boiler, link to each other with data collecting system successively along the actual arrangement of furnace chamber width order.
Boiler water wall, to coat wall, steam, low temperature superheater running temperature lower, and the metal material temperature allowance of selecting for use is bigger, and running is difficult for causing that tube wall temperature transfinites; As 603 ℃ of the high temperature reheater normal operating temperatures of certain ultra-supercritical boiler, 650 ℃ of tube wall alarm temperatures, reheater tube running temperature allowance is bigger, and high temperature reheater pipeline throttle orifice is bigger, diameter is φ 24 ~ 30mm, therefore after comparing subcritical boiler ruuning situation, heating surface pipings such as boiler water wall, coating wall, steam, low temperature superheater, reheater is not carried out FR monitoring, be selected part typical case pipe measurement wall temperature, to reduce the cost of whole system;
The finishing superheater normal operating temperature is higher, finishing superheater running temperature as certain ultra-supercritical boiler is 605 ℃, 630 ℃ of alarm temperatures, heating surface metal temperature allowance are low, and whenever all come the distributing steam flow by the throttle orifice on the allocation set case on each tube panel, the throttle orifice diameter is little, and (φ 10 ~ 20mm) easily causes obstruction; Pendant superheater is in underload (50-60%) section, and the furnace flame fullness degree is better, and the pendant superheater heat absorption is more, but this moment, steam flow was lower, very easily caused the pendant superheater overtemperature, and the pendant superheater throttle orifice is many and internal diameter is little; So full frame installation wall temperature measuring point on the tube panel to boiler platen superheater and finishing superheater, realize whole process supervision, and thermocouple is pressed the pipeline the installed actual arrangement order along furnace chamber width in boiler link to each other with data collecting system successively, for follow-up information processing and fault judgement provide necessary condition.
As preferably, thermocouple is the metal armouring thermocouple, and length is 7-8 rice.The thermocouple of measuring the boiler wall temperature is special because of the installation site, and thermocouple is difficult to change maintenance under the back normal condition that puts into operation, so the reliability of thermocouple is even more important, and the metal armouring thermocouple has protection well, is not easy to damage the advantage that cost is moderate; Length has been taken into account the practicality and the price of thermocouple for 7-8 rice; Connection lead at the output connection 1-3 of each thermocouple rice can directly link to each other each thermocouple with data collecting system, improved the reliability and the accuracy of Monitoring Data.
As preferably, thermocouple is provided with protective casing, and the thermocouple bunchy passes protective casing; Be provided with heat-preservation cotton in the space that after thermocouple passes protective casing, stays; The heat-preservation cotton upper surface is from the upper surface of protective casing 10-20mm, and the heat-preservation cotton upper surface is provided with fire prevention to the upper surface of protective casing and waters material feeding.Because the temperature of furnace roof is higher, the thermocouple outside is provided with protective casing, fills heat-preservation cotton in the protective casing, can effectively prevent thermocouple extraction location temperature overtemperature; When filling heat-preservation cotton, reserve the pit of the 10-20mm degree of depth on the top of protective casing, with fire prevention water material feeding build can prevent sleeve pipe gas leakage, leak grey.
As preferably, be provided with and the metal patch of heating surface tube in the junction of thermocouple and pipeline with material, metal patch and pipeline are welded to connect.When avoiding thermocouple to install to the injury of heating surface pipe, and the heat treatment after the welding, save on-site construction time, when the heating surface produce in factory, weld in advance and the metal patch of heating surface tube in thermocouple thermal-arrest bar welding position with material, and finish corresponding heat treatment, during site operation, thermocouple thermal-arrest bar is welded on the paster seat, work progress is to tube panel mother metal not damaged, also need not to heat-treat, construction speed is accelerated, and can install behind boiler hydraulic pressure.
As preferably, monitoring system comprises two redundant each other industrial computers.Because the importance of boiler in electricity generation system, in monitoring system, adopt two redundant each other industrial computers, an industrial computer job, the standby line data backup of going forward side by side of industrial computer, when the industrial computer of work or the communication line that connects this industrial computer break down, another industrial computer replaces work immediately automatically and sends warning, thereby has improved the reliability of whole system; Simultaneously general power plant all has two boilers to work simultaneously, or one open one and be equipped with, and therefore the thermocouple of two boilers can be connected in the monitoring system, so both has been convenient to management and has also reduced system cost.
Based on a kind of ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system provided by the present invention, the present invention also provides a kind of method for supervising of ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system, comprises that monitoring alarm method, boiler that foreign object in pipe stops up burn monitoring alarm method partially.Monitoring alarm method that foreign object in pipe stops up and boiler burn monitoring alarm method partially can be implemented simultaneously, also can implement respectively, because the hardware system that is relied on is identical, it is more reasonable, more economical therefore to implement simultaneously.
Further, the monitoring alarm method that stops up of foreign object in pipe comprises: the temperature data that the thermocouple that each tube panel is installed is gathered is imported industrial computer by what thermocouple was installed in boiler successively along the furnace chamber width order; Draw the wall temperature broken line graph along furnace chamber width of each tube panel; When the wall temperature broken line graph took place obviously to intersect, make progress unusual projecting point, this pipe is suspected to be had foreign matter and sends warning.As the technical staff of an industry, utilize industrial computer and some software commonly used, the temperature data that collects is depicted as temperature curve, accomplish easily; Each tube panel wall temperature broken line graph is arranged along the furnace chamber width order, during boiler washing pipe and start and stop, be criterion with wall temperature data variation speed, can make the monitor staff find intuitively and easily to judge that the heating surface throttle orifice of capital construction stops up and U type screen end foreign matter is piled up situation, dwindled washing pipe after boiler heating surface cut the hand hole examination scope.
Further, boiler burns monitoring alarm method partially and comprises: the temperature data that the thermocouple that each tube panel is installed is gathered is imported industrial computer by what thermocouple was installed in boiler successively along the furnace chamber width order; Monitoring system is calculated the mean temperature of each tube panel of heating surface and the mean temperature of all pipes; Drafting is along each tube panel mean temperature broken line graph of furnace chamber width; When the difference of the mean temperature of certain tube panel and all pipe mean temperatures surpasses limit value, judge that promptly there is inclined to one side burning situation in boiler combustion and sends warning.Owing to when boiler burns with the pipeline blockage generation partially, all show as relevant therewith pipeline temperature and raise; Yet boiler burns the temperature rising that is produced partially generally can be very not sharp-pointed, mean value with each pipeline temperature can truly reflect furnace outlet broad ways flue-gas temperature distribution field, thereby distinguish the fault that pipeline blockage and boiler burn partially, and take different counter-measures.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: thermocouple is drawn from furnace roof, has reduced thermocouple length, greatly reduces the cost of thermocouple, thereby can be to each road pipeline overall monitor of boiler platen superheater and finishing superheater, and the reliability of monitoring increases greatly; And can make things convenient for, distinguish intuitively two kinds of different faults of pipeline blockage and the inclined to one side burning of boiler, so that the attendant takes different counter-measures, increased the reliability and the life-span of boiler; Monitoring system adopts redundancy, has increased the reliability of system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of system schematic of a kind of ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface of the present invention wall temperature monitoring system;
Fig. 2 be among the present invention thermocouple at a certain tube panel upper edge furnace chamber width distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the wall temperature broken line graph by a certain tube panel upper edge furnace chamber width of thermocouple distribution sequence drafting among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the mean temperature broken line graph by a certain tube panel upper edge furnace chamber width of thermocouple distribution sequence drafting among Fig. 2.
Among the figure: 1. a boiler, 2. No. two boilers, 3. thermocouple, 4. data collecting system, 5. industrial computer, 6. sleeve pipe.
The specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment:
A kind of ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system of present embodiment, referring to Fig. 1, monitor the heating surface wall temperature of boiler 1, No. two boilers 2 simultaneously, thermocouple 3 in boiler 1, No. two boilers 2 on each road pipeline of pendant superheater and finishing superheater links to each other with two data acquisition systems 4 respectively, and two data acquisition systems 4 link to each other with two redundant each other industrial computers 5 respectively.
Referring to Fig. 2, the thermocouple 3 on a certain tube panel distributes along furnace chamber width, and thermocouple 3 is installed in furnace roof, and thermocouple 3 passes sleeve pipe 6 backs and links to each other with data collecting system 4 successively along putting in order of furnace chamber width by thermocouple 3; In the present embodiment, thermocouple 3 length that are installed in the pendant superheater are 7 meters, and thermocouple 3 length that are installed in the finishing superheater are 8 meters, and each thermocouple 3 all leaves 3 meters long connecting lines, and the heat-collecting block in connecting line and the data collecting system 4 is welded to connect; After thermocouple 3 passed sleeve pipe 6, space left in the sleeve pipe 6 was solid with the heat-preservation cotton filling, and reserved the pit of the 15mm degree of depth on the top of protective casing; Prevent fires preferably with flowability and to water material feeding and build, pit is filled out suitable for reading concordant with protective casing.
An industrial computer 5 is in the monitoring state during work, another industrial computer 5 is in stand-by state, standby industrial computer 5 carries out data backup synchronously, when industrial computer in the monitoring state 5 or communication line break down, the industrial computer 5 that is in stand-by state is in the monitoring state automatically immediately, sends warning simultaneously.
A kind of ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature method for supervising of present embodiment comprises the monitoring alarm method that foreign object in pipe stops up: the temperature data that the thermocouple 3 that each tube panel is installed is gathered is imported industrial computer 5 by what thermocouple 3 was installed in boiler successively along the furnace chamber width order; Draw the wall temperature broken line graph along furnace chamber width of each tube panel, referring to Fig. 3; When taking place obviously to intersect, make progress unusual projecting point in the wall temperature broken line graph, as shown in No. 10 among Fig. 3 pipes, this pipe is suspected to be had foreign matter and sends warning; Boiler burns monitoring alarm method partially: the temperature data that the thermocouple 3 that each tube panel is installed is gathered is imported industrial computer by what thermocouple 3 was installed in boiler successively along the furnace chamber width order; Monitoring system is calculated the mean temperature of each tube panel of heating surface and the mean temperature of all pipes; Drafting is along each tube panel mean temperature broken line graph of furnace chamber width, referring to Fig. 4; When the difference of the mean temperature of tube panel and all pipe mean temperatures surpasses limit value,, judge that promptly there is inclined to one side burning situation in boiler combustion and sends warning as 11, No. 12 tube panels among Fig. 4.
Above embodiment is one of preferred plan of the present invention, is not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, also has other variant and remodeling under the prerequisite that does not exceed the technical scheme that claim puts down in writing.
Claims (9)
1. ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system, comprise thermocouple, data collecting system, monitoring system, the input of described data collecting system links to each other with thermocouple, the output of data collecting system links to each other with monitoring system, it is characterized in that: described thermocouple is drawn from the top straight line of boiler, described data collecting system is placed on furnace roof, and data collecting system comprises heat-collecting block, and described thermocouple and described heat-collecting block directly are welded to connect.
2. a kind of ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: on each road pipeline of boiler platen superheater and finishing superheater, all be provided with a thermocouple, and link to each other with data collecting system successively by described pipeline actual arrangement order along furnace chamber width in boiler.
3. a kind of ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described thermocouple is the metal armouring thermocouple, length is 7-8 rice.
4. a kind of ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described thermocouple is provided with protective casing when passing the big cover of boiler, the thermocouple bunchy passes protective casing; Be provided with heat-preservation cotton in the space that after thermocouple passes protective casing, stays; Described heat-preservation cotton upper surface is provided with fire prevention in described heat-preservation cotton upper surface to the upper surface of protective casing and waters material feeding from the upper surface of protective casing 10-20mm.
5. a kind of ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: be provided with in the junction of described thermocouple and pipeline and the metal patch of heating surface tube with material, described metal patch and pipeline are welded to connect.
6. a kind of ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described monitoring system comprises two redundant each other industrial computers.
7. the method for supervising of a ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system is characterized in that: comprise that monitoring alarm method, boiler that foreign object in pipe stops up burn monitoring alarm method partially.
8. the method for supervising of a kind of ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the monitoring alarm method that described foreign object in pipe stops up comprises: the temperature data that the thermocouple that each tube panel is installed is gathered is imported industrial computer by what thermocouple was installed in boiler successively along the furnace chamber width order; Draw the wall temperature broken line graph along furnace chamber width of each tube panel; When the wall temperature broken line graph took place obviously to intersect, make progress unusual projecting point, this pipe is suspected to be had foreign matter and sends warning.
9. according to the method for supervising of claim 7 or 8 described a kind of ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring systems, it is characterized in that: described boiler burns monitoring alarm method partially and comprises: the temperature data that the thermocouple that each tube panel is installed is gathered is imported industrial computer by what thermocouple was installed in boiler successively along the furnace chamber width order; Monitoring system is calculated the mean temperature of each tube panel of heating surface and the mean temperature of all pipes; Drafting is along each tube panel mean temperature broken line graph of furnace chamber width; When the difference of the mean temperature of certain tube panel and all pipe mean temperatures surpasses limit value, judge that promptly there is inclined to one side burning situation in boiler combustion and sends warning.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109084829A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-12-25 | 淮浙煤电有限责任公司凤台发电分公司 | A kind of overcritical thermal power generation unit high-temperature surface oxidation rate verifying and calibration method |
| CN110779005A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-11 | 福能(贵州)发电有限公司 | Dynamic monitoring and alarming system for wall temperature of boiler |
| CN112628709A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-09 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Super (super) critical W-shaped flame boiler |
| CN113266844A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-17 | 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 | Wall temperature deviation control method and device based on opposed firing boiler |
| CN113295295A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-24 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司上海石洞口第二电厂 | Method for detecting wall temperature of steam heating surface of boiler |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109084829A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-12-25 | 淮浙煤电有限责任公司凤台发电分公司 | A kind of overcritical thermal power generation unit high-temperature surface oxidation rate verifying and calibration method |
| CN109084829B (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2020-12-18 | 淮浙煤电有限责任公司凤台发电分公司 | Method for verifying and calibrating oxidation rate of high-temperature heating surface of supercritical thermal generator set |
| CN110779005A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-11 | 福能(贵州)发电有限公司 | Dynamic monitoring and alarming system for wall temperature of boiler |
| CN110779005B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-11-23 | 福能(贵州)发电有限公司 | Dynamic monitoring and alarming system for wall temperature of boiler |
| CN112628709A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-09 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Super (super) critical W-shaped flame boiler |
| CN112628709B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-08-09 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Ultra-supercritical W-shaped flame boiler |
| CN113295295A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-24 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司上海石洞口第二电厂 | Method for detecting wall temperature of steam heating surface of boiler |
| CN113266844A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-17 | 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 | Wall temperature deviation control method and device based on opposed firing boiler |
| CN113266844B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-05-27 | 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 | Wall temperature deviation control method and device based on opposed firing boiler |
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Application publication date: 20110216 |