CN101832544B - Method for online monitoring thermal deviations of final superheater and final reheater of boiler of power station - Google Patents

Method for online monitoring thermal deviations of final superheater and final reheater of boiler of power station Download PDF

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CN101832544B
CN101832544B CN2010101743107A CN201010174310A CN101832544B CN 101832544 B CN101832544 B CN 101832544B CN 2010101743107 A CN2010101743107 A CN 2010101743107A CN 201010174310 A CN201010174310 A CN 201010174310A CN 101832544 B CN101832544 B CN 101832544B
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boiler
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CN101832544A (en
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陈朝松
刘平元
施鸿飞
张妮乐
魏增涛
杨凯镟
刘进
王飞
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Power Equipment Engineering Co Ltd Of Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute
Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute Co Ltd
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Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for online monitoring thermal deviations of a final superheater and a final reheater of a boiler of a power station. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, building an online monitoring device, then reading online detection data, calculating the thermal deviation of each screen and each tube according to the read online detection data, and storing and displaying the result. The invention has the advantages of realizing the fast online real-time calculation and the online monitoring and controlling of the thermal deviations of the final superheater and the final reheater of the boiler, realizing the safety operation of the final superheater and the final reheater of the boiler within the service period and prolonging the service life of the final superheater and the final reheater of the boiler.

Description

Station boiler finishing superheater and final reheater method for online monitoring thermal deviations
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of station boiler finishing superheater and final reheater method for online monitoring thermal deviations, belong to the station boiler technical field.
Background technology
The developing stage that the generating set of present China has got into big capacity, high parameter, the supercritical unit of a collection of 600MW, 1000MW grade puts into operation in succession.Along with the raising of boiler parameter, the especially raising of vapor (steam) temperature, it is more outstanding such as the overtemperature problem that oxidation scale in the pipe causes that some are different from subcritical parameter.Big capacity super critical boiler generation booster that is in operation not only can cause huge direct economic loss, and since near the booster zone large stretch of pipe impaired, buried the hidden danger of continuous booster, have a strong impact on the safe operation of boiler.
For formation speed that slows down oxide skin in finishing superheater and the final reheater pipe and the booster that results in blockage that peels off of controlling oxide skin; Effectively the interior wall temperature of the stove of monitoring finishing superheater and final reheater boiler tube distributes simultaneously, needs a kind of method that Utility Boiler Superheater, reheater heating surface are carried out the thermal deviation on-line monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of carrying out boiler superheater and reheater thermal deviation on-line monitoring; Realization is carried out on-line monitoring to boiler finishing superheater and final reheater thermal deviation, and one of thermal power plant or several unit boiler finishing superheaters and final reheater thermal deviation situation are provided.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention has provided a kind of station boiler finishing superheater and final reheater method for online monitoring thermal deviations, it is characterized in that, step is:
Step 1, web page server is connected with user side browser, database server and calculation server respectively; Database server is connected with calculation server, and database server is connected through plant level supervisory information system and Power Plant DCS System or mis system and online measuring point;
Step 2, every boiler finishing superheater and the final reheater online monitoring data of reading at a distance from least 30 seconds of database server;
Step 3, read each pipe outlet wall temperature data of each screen that on-line monitoring collects, import steam temperature data and boiler operatiopn major parameter define according to thermal deviation and directly to calculate the thermal deviation coefficient along furnace width, and wherein, step 3 comprises:
Step 3.1, calculate heat absorption nonuniformity coefficient K along the flue width 1, K 1=η r* η l, wherein, η rBe the thermal deviation coefficient along furnace width, η lBe steam flow deviation factor along furnace width;
Step 3.2, calculate heat absorption nonuniformity coefficient K along the flue height direction 4,
Figure GSB00000649960800021
Wherein, h is the distance that calculation level leaves the screen bottom, and T is the total height of screen;
Step 3.3, calculate with the screen flow deviation, with the average ratio of every pipe flow in the flow that is defined as a certain pipe in a slice screen of screen flow deviation and this screen, its computing formula does
Figure GSB00000649960800022
In the formula, ξ 0Be average resistance coefficient; ξ is the computer tube resistance coefficient;
ξ 0 = ( n 1 / ξ 1 z + 1 / ξ 2 z + . . . . . . + 1 / ξ n z ) 2 , Wherein, n is the parallel transistor quantity of composition one screen,
Figure GSB00000649960800024
(i=1,2 ..., n) be total conversion resistance coefficient of i root pipe;
Figure GSB00000649960800025
Wherein, m is the quantity of the different inner diameters pipeline section of a parallel transistor of composition, d 0Be imaginary unified ips, d jBe the internal diameter of j root pipeline section,
Figure GSB00000649960800026
It is the coefficient of friction of j root pipeline section;
Average tube resistance Δ P 0For,
Figure GSB00000649960800027
Wherein, υ 0Be average specific volume, g 0Flow for average tube panel;
Flow deviation between step 3.4, calculating screen:
The pressure distribution curve of step 3.4.1, known import and export collection case is set the pressure difference Δ P ' between two collection casees earlier, according to the position at each screen place, can respectively be shielded pressure differential deltap P i, according to the relation of flow and pressure reduction, can calculate the flow of each sheet screen by following formula:
Figure GSB00000649960800028
Wherein, g iFor calculating the flow of tube panel, g 0Flow for average tube panel;
Step 3.4.2, total flow G '=∑ g i, wherein, i=1 ..., n, n are total screen number;
Step 3.4.3, investigate the deviation of calculated flow rate G ' and actual flow G; If | (G '-G)/G| do not meet the demands; Pressing following formula change Δ P ' is Δ P ";
Figure GSB00000649960800029
also gets back to step 3.4.1, otherwise gets into next step;
Flow deviation ξ between step 3.4.4, screen i=g i/ g 0
Step 3.5, calculating thermal deviation coefficient:
The thermal deviation coefficient of each sheet screen
Figure GSB00000649960800031
Δ i iFor the enthalpy that calculates screen increases, i=1 ..., n, n are total screen number, Δ i 0For each screen enthalpy increases mean value;
Step 4, show the thermal deviation curve of finishing superheater and final reheater in real time.
The present invention has following characteristics:
1, on the calculated/applied server of boiler finishing superheater and final reheater thermal deviation on-line monitoring, installs with the boiler finishing superheater of VB language and the computer software of final reheater thermal deviation on-line monitoring; According to the time interval of software set; The boiler parameter of the on-line monitoring that from database server, reads, online in real time is calculated the thermal deviation of boiler, the result that computational analysis draws; Deliver to database server again and preserve, supply web page server to call.
2, database server is deposited two types of data:
Primary sources are the data of boiler parameter on-line monitoring, comprise that main steam pressure, main steam temperature, reheated steam pressure, reheat steam temperature, electric load amount, finishing superheater outlet pressure, finishing superheater outlet temperature, high temperature reheater outlet temperature, high temperature reheater outlet temperature, each pipe of each screen of final reheater are installed the measuring point temperature, each screen of finishing superheater is respectively managed measuring point temperature etc.
Secondary sources are the result of calculation of boiler finishing superheater and final reheater thermal deviation.
3, external system interface has two kinds of functions:
The one, deposit the monitor value of boiler parameter in database;
The 2nd, be transferred to boiler control system to the boiler operatiopn control measure.
4, boiler automatic control system and parameter measuring point have two kinds of functions:
One provides the parameter of boiler on-line monitoring;
The 2nd, instruct the operation of boiler according to the result of calculation of boiler finishing superheater and final reheater thermal deviation, guarantee boiler finishing superheater and final reheater not overtemperature, move at safe condition.
5, boiler finishing superheater and the online result calculated of final reheater thermal deviation are distributed on the computer website browser; According to the browser end user is that the technical staff of power plant sends request; Through boiler finishing superheater in the calculated/applied server calls database server and the real-time result of calculation of final reheater thermal deviation; On web page server, form boiler finishing superheater and final reheater thermal deviation management result, return to the browser end user, instruct boiler operatiopn.
6, the user side browser is used for checking the thermal deviation on-line monitoring result of boiler finishing superheater and final reheater.
The boiler finishing superheater that invention provides and the method and system of final reheater thermal deviation on-line monitoring can be realized online in real time calculating and the LINE REAL TIME MONITORING and the control of boiler finishing superheater and final reheater thermal deviation.If a certain tube panel temperature of boiler finishing superheater and final reheater surpasses warning value; Reduce tube wall temperature through boiler operatiopn adjustment; Boiler finishing superheater and final reheater tube wall are in a safe condition, have reached the technique effect of keeping watch on and control boiler finishing superheater and final reheater thermal deviation on-line monitoring.
Advantage of the present invention is to realize quick online in real time calculating and the in-service monitoring and the control of boiler finishing superheater and final reheater thermal deviation; Realized the safe operation in the phase under arms of boiler finishing superheater and final reheater, prolonged boiler finishing superheater and final reheater service life.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of boiler finishing superheater of the present invention and final reheater thermal deviation on-line monitoring system.
The specific embodiment
Specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
For certain power plant overcritical 600MW station boiler finishing superheater and final reheater heating surface, adopt the thermal deviation on-Line Monitor Device, calculate the thermal deviation and startup operating mode of finishing superheater and final reheater heating surface, and historical optimum operating condition.
As shown in Figure 1; The block diagram of boiler finishing superheater of the present invention and final reheater intelligence wall temperature management devices; Boiler finishing superheater and final reheater intelligence wall temperature management devices are made up of the plant level supervisory information system (PI system) of calculation server, database server, web page server, user view side server; Web page server is connected with user side browser, database server and calculation server respectively; Calculation server is connected with database server, and database server is connected through plant level supervisory information system and Power Plant DCS System or mis system and online measuring point.
For certain overcritical 600MW boiler, finishing superheater and final reheater adopt thermal deviation on-Line Monitor Device shown in Figure 1, and its method is:
The first step: read the online measuring point data of boiler heating surface: database server is every to read a secondary data at a distance from Δ τ=30s, reads main steam pressure, main steam temperature, reheated steam pressure, reheat steam temperature, electric load amount, finishing superheater outlet pressure, finishing superheater outlet temperature, high temperature reheater outlet temperature, finishing superheater through plant level supervisory information system from the scattered control system of boiler and online measuring point and divides shield inlet temperature, each pipe of each screen of final reheater that measuring point temperature is installed, divides each sheet of shield to manage respectively that measuring point temperature, each screen of pendant superheater are respectively managed the measuring point temperature, each screen of finishing superheater is respectively managed real-time measuring datas such as measuring point temperature.
Second step: the thermal deviation coefficient that calculates each each pipe of screen according to actual measurement data.
1, along the heat absorption nonuniformity coefficient of flue width
Heat absorption nonuniformity coefficient K along the flue width 1Follow thermal deviation coefficient η along furnace width rWith steam flow deviation factor η along furnace width lBetween following relation: K is arranged 1=η r* η l
Intending the method that adopts test data and theory analysis to combine for this boiler finishing superheater confirms along the distribution situation of furnace chamber width flue-gas temperature.
2, along the heat absorption nonuniformity coefficient of flue height direction
, exist owing to the flow of flue gas deviation along the screen height along the heat absorption nonuniformity coefficient K on the short transverse 4, its heat absorption deviation COEFFICIENT K of match along height 4:
K 4 = a + b ( h T )
In the formula: a, b is for selecting coefficient for use; H---calculation level is from the distance of screen bottom; The total height of T---screen.
3, calculate with the screen flow deviation
Ratio with average every pipe flow in the flow that is defined as a certain pipe in a slice screen that shields flow deviation and this screen η l = ξ 0 ξ
In the formula: ξ 0Be average resistance coefficient; ξ is the computer tube resistance coefficient.
If a screen is made up of n root parallel transistor, every pipe is made up of the pipeline section of m section different inner diameters, like each internal diameter of i root pipe and coefficient of friction is: d jAnd
Figure GSB00000649960800053
Total conversion resistance coefficient of i root pipe does
Figure GSB00000649960800055
In the formula: d 0Be imaginary unified ips
Then the average tube resistance coefficient does ξ 0 = ( n 1 / ξ 1 z + 1 / ξ 2 z + . . . . . . + 1 / ξ n z ) 2
Can get average tube resistance Δ P 0For: Δ P 0 = 8.0 ξ 0 g 0 2 υ 0 / π 2 d 0 4
In the formula: υ 0Be average specific volume, g 0Flow for average tube panel.
4, flow deviation is calculated between the screen
If the pressure distribution curve of known import and export collection case is set the pressure difference Δ P ' between two collection casees earlier,, can respectively be shielded pressure differential deltap P according to the position at each screen place i, according to the relation of flow and pressure reduction, can calculate the flow of each sheet screen by following formula: g i = Δ P i / Δ P 0 · g 0
In the formula: g i---calculate the flow of tube panel, g 0---the flow of average discharge tube panel
The calculating total flow is: G '=∑ g i, wherein, i=1 ..., n, n are total screen number;
Investigate the deviation of calculated flow rate G ' and actual flow G, if | (G '-G)/G| do not meet the demands (different parameters boiler judgment value is different, according to concrete boiler value of fixed number), pressing following formula change Δ P ' is Δ P "
ΔP ′ ′ = G / G ′ · ΔP ′
Repeat above-mentioned steps, extremely | (G '-G)/and G| meets the demands, can shield a flow deviation to be: ξ i=g i/ g 0
5, thermal deviation coefficient calculations:
The thermal deviation coefficient of each sheet screen:
Figure GSB00000649960800064
Δ i i---the enthalpy that calculates screen increase (i=1 ..., n, n are total screen number), Δ i 0---each shields enthalpy and increases mean value;
In the enthalpy computing formula, consider above-mentioned numerical value, the enthalpy computing formula is with reference to 97 water vapour calculation of parameter standards.
The 3rd step: calculating thermal deviation coefficient results also is saved in the local data base.
Service routine is trigger process regularly: initialization service routine blanking time.Db transaction is accomplished in operation, at first in timetable, inserts up-to-date data line, comprises corresponding ID and current time.Carry out finishing superheater, final reheater thermal deviation coefficient calculations through calling the base regime information of having gathered in the database, and then be saved in the finishing superheater, the reheater thermal deviation coefficient that calculate in the local relevant database.Through relatively this calculate after accomplishing up-to-date ID number with the last ID that calculates when accomplishing, judge that these computational process data preserve whether success, if unsuccessful, then write abnormal cause and abnormal time in the text.
The 4th step: show base regime information and finishing superheater final reheater overtemperature information
The display routine accessing database, real-time calling base regime parameter (electric load amount, main steam flow amount, main vapour pressure, main stripping temperature, coal pulverizer combination, exhaust gas temperature etc.).Display routine real time access database; Statistics also shows that (these three parameters are that numerical values recited draws in the thermal deviation coefficient that goes out of Practical Calculation for finishing superheater maximum heat deviation factor, minimum thermal deviation factor, overtemperature pipe number; The pipe sum that surpasses tubing warning temperature is promptly claimed overtemperature pipe number), final reheater maximum heat deviation factor, minimum thermal deviation factor, overtemperature pipe number.
The 5th step: show finishing superheater final reheater thermal deviation curve in real time
Display routine real time access database calls the record in the up-to-date thermal deviation coefficient table, and shows that through the form of curve 30 second time interval called display routine again and refresh demonstration.The same screen measuring point of finishing superheater is installed number to be had when a plurality of, and the thermal deviation curve of display interface has many, distinguishes respectively with various colors.
The 6th step: show finishing superheater final reheater thermal deviation history curve
The user selects " thermal deviation history curve " at display interface; Select " pipe " " screen " " zero-time " " termination time " then; Display routine just can be according to user's initial conditions accessing database; Call and the video data result set, the user just can check this calculation level thermal deviation history curve during this period of time.

Claims (2)

1. station boiler finishing superheater and final reheater method for online monitoring thermal deviations is characterized in that,
Step is:
Step 1, web page server is connected with user side browser, database server and calculation server respectively; Database server is connected with calculation server, and database server is connected through plant level supervisory information system and Power Plant DCS System or mis system and online measuring point;
Step 2, every boiler finishing superheater and the final reheater online monitoring data of reading at a distance from least 30 seconds of database server;
Step 3, read each pipe outlet wall temperature data of each screen that on-line monitoring collects, import steam temperature data and boiler operatiopn major parameter define according to thermal deviation and directly to calculate the thermal deviation coefficient along furnace width, and wherein, step 3 comprises:
Step 3.1, calculate heat absorption nonuniformity coefficient K along the flue width 1, K 1=η r* η l, wherein, η rBe the thermal deviation coefficient along furnace width, η lBe steam flow deviation factor along furnace width;
Step 3.2, calculate heat absorption nonuniformity coefficient K along the flue height direction 4,
Figure FSB00000649960900011
Wherein, h is the distance that calculation level leaves the screen bottom, and T is the total height of screen;
Step 3.3, calculating are with the screen flow deviation; With the ratio of average every pipe flow in the flow that is defined as a certain pipe in a slice screen that shields flow deviation and this screen, its computing formula is
Figure FSB00000649960900012
In the formula, ξ 0Be average resistance coefficient; ξ is the computer tube resistance coefficient;
ξ 0 = ( n 1 / ξ 1 z + 1 / ξ 2 z + . . . . . . + 1 / ξ n z ) 2 , Wherein, n is the parallel transistor quantity of composition one screen,
Figure FSB00000649960900014
(i=1,2 ..., n) be total conversion resistance coefficient of i root pipe;
Figure FSB00000649960900015
Wherein, m is the quantity of the different inner diameters pipeline section of a parallel transistor of composition, d 0Be imaginary unified ips, d jBe the internal diameter of j root pipeline section,
Figure FSB00000649960900016
It is the coefficient of friction of j root pipeline section;
Average tube resistance Δ P 0For, Wherein, υ 0Be average specific volume, g 0Flow for average tube panel;
Flow deviation between step 3.4, calculating screen:
The pressure distribution curve of step 3.4.1, known import and export collection case is set the pressure difference Δ P ' between two collection casees earlier, according to the position at each screen place, can respectively be shielded pressure differential deltap P i, according to the relation of flow and pressure reduction, can calculate the flow of each sheet screen by following formula:
Figure FSB00000649960900022
Wherein, g iFor calculating the flow of tube panel, g 0Flow for average tube panel;
Step 3.4.2, total flow G '=∑ g i, wherein, i=1 ..., n, n are total screen number;
Step 3.4.3, investigate the deviation of calculated flow rate G ' and actual flow G; If | (G '-G)/G| do not meet the demands; Pressing following formula change Δ P ' is Δ P ";
Figure FSB00000649960900023
also gets back to step 3.4.1, otherwise gets into next step;
Flow deviation ξ between step 3.4.4, screen i=g i/ g 0
Step 3.5, calculating thermal deviation coefficient:
The thermal deviation coefficient of each sheet screen Δ i iFor the enthalpy that calculates screen increases, i=1 ..., n, n are total screen number, Δ i 0For each screen enthalpy increases mean value, the enthalpy computing formula is with reference to 97 water vapour calculation of parameter standards;
Step 4, show the thermal deviation curve of finishing superheater and final reheater in real time.
2. a kind of station boiler finishing superheater as claimed in claim 1 and final reheater method for online monitoring thermal deviations; It is characterized in that online monitoring data described in the step 2 comprises that main steam pressure, main steam temperature, reheated steam pressure, reheat steam temperature, electric load amount, finishing superheater outlet pressure, finishing superheater outlet temperature, high temperature reheater outlet temperature, finishing superheater divide each pipe of each screen of shield inlet temperature, final reheater that measuring point temperature is installed, divide that each sheet of shield is respectively managed the measuring point temperature, the measuring point temperature respectively managed by each screen of pendant superheater and each screen of finishing superheater is respectively managed the measuring point temperature.
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