CN101975357A - Self-adaptive light source lighting system and method for high-precision image measuring device - Google Patents
Self-adaptive light source lighting system and method for high-precision image measuring device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a self-adaptive light source lighting system and a self-adaptive light source lighting method for a high-precision image measuring device. The system comprises a light source and a control system, wherein the light source comprises a front light source and a back light source; the control system comprises a microprogrammed control unit (MCU) module, a digital-to-analogue conversion module, a lighting driving module, a serial port communication module and a fuzzy expert system. In the invention, an MCU module is connected with the lighting driving module through the digital-to-analogue conversion module; the serial port communication module performs data exchange with a master personal computer (PC); the PC and the control system form a 'master-slave' lighting control system; the master PC runs a man-machine interface for lighting control and has a built-in fuzzy expert system module and an optimal lighting parameter fuzzy database. When a workpiece is measured, the control system automatically select optimal lighting parameters according to the characteristic parameters of the workpiece to be measured, so the self-adaptive control over the brightness of channel light sources is realized and an image measurement instrument can acquire an optimal image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the light illumination in the image measuring system, particularly relate to a kind of adaptive optical source lighting system and method that is used for the high accuracy image measurer.
Background technology
Light-source illuminating system is one of part of most critical in the image measuring system, its main target be with suitable manner with ray cast to testee, the contrast of outstanding tested characteristic.Light source has very big influence to image quality, factors such as the uniformity of light source, geometry, intensity of illumination, direction of illumination, wavelength all can directly have influence on measurement result, it is the whole system key of success often, this just requires the protrusion body characteristics amount as much as possible that cooperates of light source and illumination scheme, between part that object need detect and inessential part, should produce tangible difference as much as possible, increase contrast, also should guarantee enough overall brightnesses simultaneously.
It is varied to be used for Eikonometric lighting light source structure form at present, mainly contains multi-angle and shines annular lamp, strip light, axis light, Dome light source etc., however the configuration of the light source of above type can cause following problem more or less, flower point and the important information of overexposure hidden image; Shade causes the flase drop at edge; The reduction of signal to noise ratio and uneven illumination cause image to handle the difficulty that threshold value is selected.
In general radiographic measurement, the selection of illumination intensity to be adopted artificial debugging and repeatedly relatively draws, and having the human factor of being subjected to influences greatly, measures shortcomings such as efficient is low.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of adaptive optical source lighting system and method that is used for the high accuracy image measurer, it can be according to the different measuring workpiece, automatically regulate light-source brightness, realize multi-faceted illumination, make image measurer obtain best image effect.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of self adaptation light-source illuminating system that is used for the high accuracy image measurer is provided, comprise light source and control system, described light source comprises front lighting source and back side light source, wherein, the front light source be positioned at measured workpiece directly over, back side light source be positioned at measured workpiece under; Described control system comprises MCU module, D/A converter module, illumination driver module and serial communication module; Described MCU module links to each other with described illumination driver module by described analog-to-digital conversion module, and links to each other by the built-in fuzzy expert system module of described serial communication module and PC end; Described illumination driver module links to each other with back side light source with described front light source respectively.
Described front light source adopts LED annular multi-angle direct light type light source; Described high accuracy image measurer is positioned at the ring center of described LED annular multi-angle direct light type light source.
Described LED annular multi-angle direct light type light source adopts three ring designs, is made of interior ring light source, middle ring light source and outer shroud light source; Ring light source, middle ring light source and outer shroud light source all are to be become coniform arrangement and be radiated on the measured workpiece with 0 °, 30 °, 60 ° respectively by three row LED in described.
Described LED adopts the mode of series-parallel connection to connect, wherein, and series-parallel LED quantity mean allocation.
Described serial communication module is for adopting the RS232 communication standard.
Described illumination driver module adopts four-way illumination driver module, wherein, and three the corresponding front of passage light sources, the corresponding back side of other passage light source.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of adaptive optical source lighting method that is used for the high accuracy image measurer also is provided, may further comprise the steps:
(1) representative workpiece of getting different materials, different surfaces quality is thrown light on and imaging test, is target with the evaluation of imaging quality index of illuminating effect, and computing in whole search volume obtains the optimal illumination parameter of representative workpiece;
(2) set up optimal illumination parameter expert knowledge library according to the measured data of test, this expert knowledge library should reflect the feature of different parts comprehensively;
(3) measured workpiece is placed between front light source and the back side light source, characteristic parameter by PC end input measured workpiece, the fuzzy expert system module will compare according to typical part the most similar in measured workpiece and the expert knowledge library, releases control vector basic point and Local Search scope according to its similarity measurement by the fuzzy reasoning strategy;
(4) PC holds the control Vector search scope that will set to send to the MCU module, finish the illumination adjustments of light source by D/A converter module and illumination driver module, determine that by the evaluation of imaging quality index of illuminating effect the optimal illumination in this Local Search scope controls parameter;
(5) control of the optimal illumination by obtaining parameter to expert knowledge library carry out perfect.
Described evaluation of imaging quality index is maximum between-cluster variance and maximum average gray gradient, and with the otherness of outstanding object and background, the protuberate feature increases picture contrast simultaneously, is beneficial to that image is cut apart and rim detection.
The degree of membership of fuzzy reasoning institute foundation is the similitude of typical part in measured workpiece and the expert knowledge library in the described step (3), and similitude is high more, and the search volume scope is more little.
Beneficial effect
Owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention compared with prior art, have following advantage and good effect: the light source configuration that the present invention adopts front light source and back side light source to combine, this configuration can not only realize uniform irradiation, can also realize uneven irradiation, thereby highlight the contrast of tested significant points.Also set up optimal illumination parameter expert knowledge library in addition, during measuring workpieces, control system can be selected the optimal illumination parameter automatically according to the measured workpiece characteristic parameter of input, realizes the brightness of Self Adaptive Control light source, makes image measurer obtain best image.When identical parts is measured, because the similarity maximum, control system will adopt identical optimal parameter to carry out work, thereby guarantee part image quality of stability of the same race.Because this control system has " light source memory " function, lays a good foundation for the certainty measurement, make that the repeatability of certainty of measurement is better.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the measuring system configuration diagram that the present invention adopts;
Fig. 2 is a system block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a front lighting source structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that ring is penetrated schematic diagram in the light source of front of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that ring is penetrated schematic diagram in the light source of front of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a front of the present invention light source outer shroud irradiation schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is a LED connection layout of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a serial communication circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a D/A converting circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
First embodiment of the present invention relates to a kind of self adaptation light-source illuminating system that is used for the high accuracy image measurer, and Fig. 1 is the basic configuration and the framework of present embodiment.Light source comprises front lighting source and back side light source, wherein, the front light source be positioned at measured workpiece directly over, back side light source be positioned at measured workpiece under.Control system comprises MCU module, D/A converter module, illumination driver module, serial communication module and fuzzy expert system module as shown in Figure 2.
Native system has adopted MCS-51 series one chip microcomputer as master controller, is connected with the illumination driver module by digital to analog converter, produces the brightness of illumination that corresponding control current realizes different passages by the illumination driver module.System has adopted 8 D/A converters, can realize the electric current output of 0-255 different brackets, that is to say, illumination control intensity is divided into 256 different brackets.Need to prove that brightness of illumination is not linear with the control electric current, does not have the functional relation of determining, this is the core value place that native system is realized the illumination Self Adaptive Control.
Human-computer interaction interface and fuzzy expert system module operate in the PC end, and link to each other with one chip microcomputer by the serial communication module.Native system has adopted the RS232 communication mode, the information code mode that the PC end sends the control vector is: " leading character "+" illumination channel value "+" illumination controlling value ", after SCM system receives command adapted thereto, produce corresponding electric current with this controlling value and drive corresponding illumination passage.
For satisfying the different illuminating effects that require, the front light source adopts LED annular multi-angle direct light type light source, and as shown in Figure 3, the front light source adopts three ring designs, is made of interior ring light source 2, middle ring light source 3, outer shroud light source 4.They all are to be become coniform arrangement and be radiated on the measured workpiece with 0 °, 30 °, 60 ° respectively by three row LED1.Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are respectively three light source rings illustraton of model of irradiation separately, three light source rings are lighted the irradiation that can realize a plurality of different directions together, satisfy the detection requirement of difformity surface workpiece, thereby can realize detection the upper surface or the in-profile of opaque article.Adopt the light flat back side light source (native system has adopted LFL-180 that CCS company produces as back lighting) that leads, being particularly suitable for profile detects, it can be sketched the contours of the appearance profile of workpiece clearly, be not subjected to the influence of the material, color, superficial makings, change of shape etc. of workpiece to picture quality, when using back side light source, the place of printing opacity is white in color, lighttight part is black, can obtain a tangible picture of black and white contrast like this, make subsequent image processing become simpler.Mutually combine by front light source and back side light source, overcome of the harmful effect of factors such as light source geometry, inhomogeneities, direction of illumination measurement result.As shown in Figure 2, system adopts four-way illumination driver module, and wherein, passage 1-3 is interior ring light source, middle ring light source and the outer shroud light source of corresponding front light source respectively, passage 4 corresponding back side light sources.
As shown in Figure 7, the LED that the front light source is adopted adopts the series-parallel connection mode to connect, and series-parallel LED quantity mean allocation is as being connected in parallel after per 5 LED series connection among the figure.Make that by such connected mode the voltage that is distributed on each LED series arm is identical, and the electric current of each LED on series arm is also roughly the same, the brightness unanimity, the electric current by each series arm is also close simultaneously.Such connected mode makes that circuit is simple, brightness stability, reliability height, and lower to the coherence request of device, and is even indivedual LED single tube lost efficacy, also less to the influence of whole luminescence component.
The serial communication module adopts the RS232 communication standard, and its baud rate is 9600bps, and typical three-way signal: TX is adopted in communication, and RX and GND mode are shown in its circuit design Fig. 8.Shown in Figure 9 is the D/A converting circuit module circuit diagram, the data that this module receives the MCU module are that the analog-digital chip of DAC0800LCN is converted to analog quantity and promptly simulates the control electric current by model, and will simulate the brightness that the control electric current sends illumination driving circuit and then control LED to.
Second embodiment of the present invention relates to a kind of adaptive optical source lighting method that is used for the high accuracy image measurer, and this method may further comprise the steps based on the system in first embodiment:
(1) representative workpiece of getting different materials, different surfaces quality is thrown light on and imaging test, is target with the evaluation of imaging quality index of illuminating effect, and computing in whole four-dimensional search volume obtains the optimal illumination parameter of representative workpiece.Wherein, the optimal illumination parameter is the controlling value combination of four illumination passages, can be with vector V (ch1, ch2, ch3, ch4) expression, wherein chn ∈ (0,255).
(2) in the fuzzy expert system module, set up optimal illumination parameter expert knowledge library according to the test data of surveying.Wherein, expert knowledge library should reflect the characteristic parameter of measured workpiece comprehensively, as the material of measured workpiece, color, shape, size, surface roughness, surface oxidation degree etc.The database that this expert system is set up has following list structure form:
| Typical part ID | Material | Color | Degree of oxidation | Feature | ...... | Passage 1 | Passage 2 | Passage 3 | Passage 4 | |
| ******** | 45 | Ash | 10％ | Counterbore is arranged | ...... | V1 | ?V2 | ?V3 | ?V4 | |
| ******** | ?***** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ** | ?** | ?** | ?** | |
This expert knowledge library should reflect the feature to be measured of different parts comprehensively, and knowledge base is abundant more, and systematic function is good more.These Knowledge Sources are in a large amount of tests, and different replenishing set up in the practice.
(3) measured workpiece is placed between front light source and the back side light source, characteristic parameter by PC end input measured workpiece, the fuzzy expert system module will compare according to typical part the most similar in measured workpiece and the expert knowledge library, releases control vector basic point and Local Search scope according to its similarity measurement by the fuzzy reasoning strategy.Adopt the work of 4 illumination combination of channels in this method, the controlled quentity controlled variable of each passage has 256 and may change, need to carry out 256 * 256 * 256 * 256 comparison operations employing in theory and obtain the optimal illumination effect, if adopt common algorithm to make practicality reduce.The present invention has adopted the intelligent algorithm based on fuzzy expert system, according to the quick positioning control vector of workpiece for measurement feature, to realize real-time control.The meaning that is to say this method is, a given workpiece for measurement, because it has very approaching surface characteristics with similar typical part in the experts database, its Optimal Control vector must can navigate to corresponding control vector point and corresponding hunting zone according to its similitude automatically near the control vector point of typical part.If the similitude degree of measured workpiece and typical part is high more, the hunting zone is more little.When searching for similar typical part, adopt structured query sentence, for example: " Select*from experts database where material=' * * * ' and color=' * * * ' and degree of oxidation between ' * * * ' and ' * * * ' and..... ", after navigating to the most similar part, obtain its corresponding control vector V (ch1, ch2, ch3, ch4), the control vector of this workpiece for measurement must be near the control vector point of this typical part.Under the support of fuzzy expert system, the hunting zone is limited at a minimum zone, thereby operational efficiency is high.
(4) obtain the illumination control vector basic point of workpiece for measurement by similarity principle after, release the hunting zone according to the similitude degree of two parts by inference engine of expert system, system will search for optimal illumination and control vector in this zonule.System is with the feedback of image quality as control system.The image quality quality here mainly sees if there is and is beneficial to subsequent image processing and accurate measurement.Adopt maximum between-cluster variance and average surface graded two evaluation criterions as feedback, wherein, maximum between-cluster variance is big more, and the expression target and background is distinguished obvious more; The average surface gradient is the definition of image, and the reflection image is to the ability to express of details contrast.
(5) the fuzzy expert system reasoning conclusion of PC end will send to single chip control module to the control parameter by serial communication modular, by digital to analog converter optimal illumination is controlled parameter and be converted to analog current, realize aligning the brilliance control of area source and back side light source again by the illumination driver module, highlight the contrast of tested significant points, make the high accuracy image measurer can access best image effect.PC end and single chip control module have adopted " MS master-slave " formula control mode.
(6) control of the optimal illumination by obtaining parameter to expert knowledge library carry out perfect.When identical part group is measured, will set up the archives of this part in the experts database, to distinguish by the part mark sign indicating number, the part with identical parts identification code has identical illumination control parameter, is beneficial to the repeatability of the stable of picture quality and assurance certainty of measurement.It is many more to measure part, and expert knowledge library is abundant more, and systematic function is good more.The optimal illumination control vector of different parts to be measured can constantly enrich expert knowledge library, makes system's continual renovation and perfect.
Be not difficult to find, the light source configuration that the present invention adopts front light source and back side light source to combine, this configuration can not only realize uniform irradiation, can also realize uneven irradiation, thereby highlights the contrast of tested significant points.Also set up optimal illumination parameter fuzzy database in addition, during measuring workpieces, control system can be selected the optimal illumination parameter automatically according to the measured workpiece characteristic parameter of input, realizes the brightness of Self Adaptive Control light source, thereby makes image measurer obtain best image.
Claims (10)
1. a self adaptation light-source illuminating system that is used for the high accuracy image measurer comprises light source and control system, it is characterized in that, described light source comprises front lighting source and back side light source, wherein, the front light source be positioned at measured workpiece directly over, back side light source be positioned at measured workpiece under; Described control system comprises MCU module, D/A converter module, illumination driver module and serial communication module; Described MCU module links to each other with described illumination driver module by described analog-to-digital conversion module, and links to each other by the built-in fuzzy expert system module of described serial communication module and PC end; Described illumination driver module links to each other with back side light source with described front light source respectively.
2. the self adaptation light-source illuminating system that is used for the high accuracy image measurer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described front light source adopts LED annular multi-angle direct light type light source; Described high accuracy image measurer is positioned at the ring center of described LED annular multi-angle direct light type light source.
3. the self adaptation light-source illuminating system that is used for the high accuracy image measurer according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described LED annular multi-angle direct light type light source adopts three ring designs, is made of interior ring light source, middle ring light source and outer shroud light source; Ring light source, middle ring light source and outer shroud light source all are to be become coniform arrangement and be radiated on the measured workpiece with 0 °, 30 °, 60 ° respectively by three row LED in described.
4. the self adaptation light-source illuminating system that is used for the high accuracy image measurer according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described LED adopts the mode of series-parallel connection to connect, wherein, and series-parallel LED quantity mean allocation.
5. the self adaptation light-source illuminating system that is used for the high accuracy image measurer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described back side light source adopts the light guiding technique to throw light on.
6. the self adaptation light-source illuminating system that is used for the high accuracy image measurer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described serial communication module is for adopting the RS232 communication standard.
7. the self adaptation light-source illuminating system that is used for the high accuracy image measurer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described illumination driver module adopts four-way illumination driver module, wherein, article three, the corresponding front of passage light source, the corresponding back side of other passage light source.
8. an adaptive optical source lighting method that is used for the high accuracy image measurer is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) representative workpiece of getting different materials, different surfaces quality is thrown light on and imaging test, is target with the evaluation of imaging quality index of illuminating effect, and computing in whole search volume obtains the optimal illumination parameter of representative workpiece;
(2) set up optimal illumination parameter expert knowledge library according to the measured data of test, this expert knowledge library should reflect the feature of different parts comprehensively;
(3) measured workpiece is placed between front light source and the back side light source, characteristic parameter by PC end input measured workpiece, the fuzzy expert system module will compare according to typical part the most similar in measured workpiece and the expert knowledge library, releases control vector basic point and Local Search scope according to its similarity measurement by the fuzzy reasoning strategy;
(4) PC holds the control Vector search scope that will set to send to the MCU module, finish the illumination adjustments of light source by D/A converter module and illumination driver module, determine that by the evaluation of imaging quality index of illuminating effect the optimal illumination in this Local Search scope controls parameter;
(5) control of the optimal illumination by obtaining parameter to expert knowledge library carry out perfect.
9. the adaptive optical source lighting method that is used for the high accuracy image measurer according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described evaluation of imaging quality index is maximum between-cluster variance and maximum average gray gradient, otherness with outstanding object and background, while protuberate feature, increase picture contrast, be beneficial to that image is cut apart and rim detection.
10. the adaptive optical source lighting method that is used for the high accuracy image measurer according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, the degree of membership of fuzzy reasoning institute foundation is the similitude of typical part in measured workpiece and the expert knowledge library in the described step (3), similitude is high more, and the search volume scope is more little.
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| CN115835448B (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2024-03-19 | 无锡车联天下信息技术有限公司 | Method and device for adjusting light, endoscope equipment and medium |
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