Background technology
Low, the good mechanical property of aluminium zinc fusing point, thereby in industry, obtained using widely.Foundry goods with this alloy system manufacturing mainly is used in five aspects: the one, and the member class, as be used for the accessory of papermaking equipment, textile manufacturing machine, brickmaking mechanical, road building machine, metallurgical machinery, hoisting machinery, printing machinery, plastics machinery and mining machinery etc.; The 2nd, bearing shell, bearing, slide plate and slide block etc.; The 3rd, automobile, tractor part; The 4th, the mould class is as draw mould, blow die, die set, blanking mould; The 5th, art.It has good machinability and excellent surface finishing performance in addition.It also has good densification and platability, can electroplate with anodic polarization and handle.The aluminium zinc Tc is interval big, and the routine casting macrosegregation is serious, has the low melting point eutectic district between nascent dentrite.Temperature raises, and its intensity, hardness sharply descend, and after 150 ℃, tensile strength is lower than aluminium alloy and copper alloy, and this seriously limits it and uses in hot environment.Zinc alloy is made concrete product and is often used under the operating mode of complexity.With the bearing is example, may work under stress alternation, and directions such as the high rotating speed of special purpose bearing forward, high loading, lower noise develop.Prolong bearing work-ing life, must take measures aspect the material selecting, make it can bear complex stress and wear-resisting and corrosion resistance, to satisfy abominable working conditions.
Electromagnetic agitating technology is applied to metallurgical process and has experienced long time.At the initial stage thirties 20th century, the De Leifusi of Swede just finds can produce enough big whipping force with the shifting magnetic field in melt metal, and can reach satisfied mixing effect.Lang Jinbeige discovered in 1961: solidify in alternating electromagnetic field, the crystal grain of steel ingot can be by refinement.This result of study impels people such as steeping Pu Maier that induction stirring is applied in the continuous casting production of steel ingot.Under the effect of electromagnetic force, quickened to solidify flowing of heavy metal liquid, can improve oxide compound, distribution of sulphide, slacken column crystal and crystal grain thinning, improve the inner quality of ingot casting, can also improve the surface quality of ingot casting, therefore, electromagnetic agitating technology now has been widely used in the continuous casting production of ferrous metal.In the semi-solid metal forming technology, the preparation of semi-solid metal slurry or blank is the basis of this forming technique, and countries in the world are dropped into a large amount of man power and materials to this and studied.In the preparation method of present semi-solid metal slurry of inventing or blank, induction stirring preparation method is the most successful a kind of method.
In recent years, the development of electromagnetic agitating technology and application make the mechanical property of material that breakthrough change take place.At present, have practical application foreground the induction stirring flash set technology oneself reach its maturity.This provides a kind of brand-new technique means for the hot strength that increases substantially aluminium zinc.Doing wearing piece with the induction stirring aluminium zinc is example, adopts the ZA 27 alloy of induction stirring explained hereafter to have very tiny microstructure, has with the conventional cast ZA 27 alloy and compares higher mechanical property and wear resisting property.The induction stirring ZA 27 alloy improves 110% as the comprehensive cost of sliding surface bearing than conventional cast ZA 27 alloy, a little less than the conventional cast Babbitt metal, but improve 150% or more than conventional cast ZA 27 alloy its work-ing life, improve nearly 180% than traditional Babbitt metal, help enterprise and reduce maintenance of equipment and part replacement time, enhance productivity, reduce total equipment component procurement payment consumption simultaneously, can form best cost performance, its economic benefit will be very considerable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to anti-corrosion aluminium zinc of a kind of casting wear-resistant and preparation method thereof, is aluminium zinc composite alloying and electromagnetic agitating technology combination with ZA, is intended to improve the over-all properties of aluminium zinc, promptly possesses good mechanics, wear-resisting and corrosion resistance simultaneously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material is characterized in that: composition in the described material and weight percent thereof (wt%) are: Al 27%-43.5%, Cu 1.5%-2.5%; Mn 0.2%-1.0%, Ni 0.1%-0.9%, surplus is Zn and unavoidable impurities.
A kind of preparation method of the aluminium alloy material of wear-and corrosion-resistant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said method comprising the steps of:
(1) earlier warm resistance furnace in box is heated to 750 ℃, respectively the crucible that aluminium ingot, aluminum bronze master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy and aluminium nickel master alloy are housed is put into box temperature resistance furnace then, after treating its whole fusings, temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, puts into zinc ingot metal then, behind the insulation 30min, skim, add insulating covering agent, insulating covering agent is that mass percent is that 50% NaCl and mass percent are the mixture that 50% KCl forms, and uses hexachloroethane degasification removal of impurities then, obtains molten metal;
(2) adopt electromagnetic stirring equipment to carry out the induction stirring base, equipment comprises powerstat and whipping appts; During induction stirring, the plumbago crucible that is preheating to 300 ℃ is placed in the electromagnetic mixing apparatus, pouring metal melt is carried out induction stirring in plumbago crucible, solidify fully, obtain aluminium alloy material until it.
Preparation method according to the described wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material of claim 1 is characterized in that: powerstat rated output 9KW, input voltage 380V, output voltage 0~430V, outward current 0~50A.
Preparation method according to the described wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material of claim 1 is characterized in that: teeming temperature is 650~670 ℃.
Preparation method according to the described wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material of claim 1 is characterized in that: the induction stirring time: 60~120s.
Preparation method according to the described wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material of claim 1 is characterized in that: on load voltage is 120-150V during induction stirring.
The anti-corrosion aluminium alloy material of casting wear-resistant of the present invention has higher intensity, wear resistance and solidity to corrosion.The wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium zinc can be used for diesel engine main bush and crawl dozer, shovel loader, the thrust wheel of excavator travel mechanism, axle sleeve of leading axle etc.Can predict, along with the performance of aluminium alloy material improves and potential market is developed gradually, its social application prospect will be very broad.
In the development of industrial base, the material property of some key parts in the great advanced equipment and the restraining factors that the shaping problem has become further these equipments of raising, and induction stirring prepares the alloy material technology and provides an effective means for solving this key issue.Electromagnetic agitating technology has overcome thick, the segregation important disadvantages of the crystal grain that exists in the conventional cast process, is a kind of solidifying process that has competitive power.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is specifically described:
Embodiment 1:
The preparation method of wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material may further comprise the steps:
(1) earlier warm resistance furnace in box is heated to 750 ℃, respectively the crucible that aluminium ingot, aluminum bronze master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy and aluminium nickel master alloy are housed is put into box temperature resistance furnace then, after treating its whole fusings, temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, puts into zinc ingot metal then, behind the insulation 30min, skim, add insulating covering agent, insulating covering agent is that mass percent is that 50% NaCl and mass percent are the mixture that 50% KCl forms, and uses hexachloroethane degasification removal of impurities then, obtains molten metal;
(2) adopt electromagnetic stirring equipment to carry out the induction stirring base, equipment comprises powerstat and whipping appts, powerstat rated output 9KW, input voltage 380V, output voltage 0~430V, outward current 0~50A; During induction stirring, the plumbago crucible that is preheating to 300 ℃ is placed in the electromagnetic mixing apparatus, pouring metal melt is carried out induction stirring in plumbago crucible, teeming temperature is 650 ℃, induction stirring time 60s, on load voltage is 120V during induction stirring, solidifies fully until it, obtains aluminium alloy material.
Composition and weight percent (wt%) thereof in the wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material that makes according to the foregoing description are: Al 27.4, and Cu 2.2%; Mn 0.2%, and Ni 0.3%, and surplus is Zn and unavoidable impurities.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation method of wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material may further comprise the steps:
(1) earlier warm resistance furnace in box is heated to 750 ℃, respectively the crucible that aluminium ingot, aluminum bronze master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy and aluminium nickel master alloy are housed is put into box temperature resistance furnace then, after treating its whole fusings, temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, puts into zinc ingot metal then, behind the insulation 30min, skim, add insulating covering agent, insulating covering agent is that mass percent is that 50% NaCl and mass percent are the mixture that 50% KCl forms, and uses hexachloroethane degasification removal of impurities then, obtains molten metal;
(2) adopt electromagnetic stirring equipment to carry out the induction stirring base, equipment comprises powerstat and whipping appts, powerstat rated output 9KW, input voltage 380V, output voltage 0~430V, outward current 0~50A; During induction stirring, the plumbago crucible that is preheating to 300 ℃ is placed in the electromagnetic mixing apparatus, pouring metal melt is carried out induction stirring in plumbago crucible, teeming temperature is 650 ℃, induction stirring time 100s, on load voltage is 150V during induction stirring, solidifies fully until it, obtains aluminium alloy material.
Composition and weight percent (wt%) thereof in the wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material that makes according to the foregoing description are: Al 27.4, and Cu 2.2%; Mn 0.4%, and Ni 0.1%, and surplus is Zn and unavoidable impurities.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation method of wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material may further comprise the steps:
(1) earlier warm resistance furnace in box is heated to 750 ℃, respectively the crucible that aluminium ingot, aluminum bronze master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy and aluminium nickel master alloy are housed is put into box temperature resistance furnace then, after treating its whole fusings, temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, puts into zinc ingot metal then, behind the insulation 30min, skim, add insulating covering agent, insulating covering agent is that mass percent is that 50% NaCl and mass percent are the mixture that 50% KCl forms, and uses hexachloroethane degasification removal of impurities then, obtains molten metal;
(2) adopt electromagnetic stirring equipment to carry out the induction stirring base, equipment comprises powerstat and whipping appts, powerstat rated output 9KW, input voltage 380V, output voltage 0~430V, outward current 0~50A; During induction stirring, the plumbago crucible that is preheating to 300 ℃ is placed in the electromagnetic mixing apparatus, pouring metal melt is carried out induction stirring in plumbago crucible, teeming temperature is 660 ℃, induction stirring time 80s, on load voltage is 120V during induction stirring, solidifies fully until it, obtains aluminium alloy material.
Composition and weight percent (wt%) thereof in the wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material that makes according to the foregoing description are: Al 35.2, and Cu 2.2%; Mn 0.4%, and Ni 0.2%, and surplus is Zn and unavoidable impurities.
Embodiment 4:
The preparation method of wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material may further comprise the steps:
(1) earlier warm resistance furnace in box is heated to 750 ℃, respectively the crucible that aluminium ingot, aluminum bronze master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy and aluminium nickel master alloy are housed is put into box temperature resistance furnace then, after treating its whole fusings, temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, puts into zinc ingot metal then, behind the insulation 30min, skim, add insulating covering agent, insulating covering agent is that mass percent is that 50% NaCl and mass percent are the mixture that 50% KCl forms, and uses hexachloroethane degasification removal of impurities then, obtains molten metal;
(2) adopt electromagnetic stirring equipment to carry out the induction stirring base, equipment comprises powerstat and whipping appts, powerstat rated output 9KW, input voltage 380V, output voltage 0~430V, outward current 0~50A; During induction stirring, the plumbago crucible that is preheating to 300 ℃ is placed in the electromagnetic mixing apparatus, pouring metal melt is carried out induction stirring in plumbago crucible, teeming temperature is 670 ℃, induction stirring time 120s, on load voltage is 150V during induction stirring, solidifies fully until it, obtains aluminium alloy material.
Composition and weight percent (wt%) thereof in the wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material that makes according to the foregoing description are: Al 35.2, and Cu 2.2%; Mn 0.4%, and Ni 0.3%, and surplus is Zn and unavoidable impurities.
Embodiment 5:
The preparation method of wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material may further comprise the steps:
(1) earlier warm resistance furnace in box is heated to 750 ℃, respectively the crucible that aluminium ingot, aluminum bronze master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy and aluminium nickel master alloy are housed is put into box temperature resistance furnace then, after treating its whole fusings, temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, puts into zinc ingot metal then, behind the insulation 30min, skim, add insulating covering agent, insulating covering agent is that mass percent is that 50% NaCl and mass percent are the mixture that 50% KCl forms, and uses hexachloroethane degasification removal of impurities then, obtains molten metal;
(2) adopt electromagnetic stirring equipment to carry out the induction stirring base, equipment comprises powerstat and whipping appts, powerstat rated output 9KW, input voltage 380V, output voltage 0~430V, outward current 0~50A; During induction stirring, the plumbago crucible that is preheating to 300 ℃ is placed in the electromagnetic mixing apparatus, pouring metal melt is carried out induction stirring in plumbago crucible, teeming temperature is 670 ℃, induction stirring time 120s, on load voltage is 150V during induction stirring, solidifies fully until it, obtains aluminium alloy material.
Composition and weight percent (wt%) thereof in the wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material that makes according to the foregoing description are: Al 43.1, and Cu 2.2%; Mn 0.6%, and Ni 0.5%, and surplus is Zn and unavoidable impurities.
Embodiment 6:
The preparation method of wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material may further comprise the steps:
(1) earlier warm resistance furnace in box is heated to 750 ℃, respectively the crucible that aluminium ingot, aluminum bronze master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy and aluminium nickel master alloy are housed is put into box temperature resistance furnace then, after treating its whole fusings, temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, puts into zinc ingot metal then, behind the insulation 30min, skim, add insulating covering agent, insulating covering agent is that mass percent is that 50% NaCl and mass percent are the mixture that 50% KCl forms, and uses hexachloroethane degasification removal of impurities then, obtains molten metal;
(2) adopt electromagnetic stirring equipment to carry out the induction stirring base, equipment comprises powerstat and whipping appts, powerstat rated output 9KW, input voltage 380V, output voltage 0~430V, outward current 0~50A; During induction stirring, the plumbago crucible that is preheating to 300 ℃ is placed in the electromagnetic mixing apparatus, pouring metal melt is carried out induction stirring in plumbago crucible, teeming temperature is 650 ℃, induction stirring time 80s, on load voltage is 130V during induction stirring, solidifies fully until it, obtains aluminium alloy material.
Composition and weight percent (wt%) thereof in the wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material that makes according to the foregoing description are: Al 35.2, and Cu 2.2%; Mn 0.9%, and Ni 0.8%, and surplus is Zn and unavoidable impurities.
Embodiment 7:
The preparation method of wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material may further comprise the steps:
(1) earlier warm resistance furnace in box is heated to 750 ℃, respectively the crucible that aluminium ingot, aluminum bronze master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy and aluminium nickel master alloy are housed is put into box temperature resistance furnace then, after treating its whole fusings, temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, puts into zinc ingot metal then, behind the insulation 30min, skim, add insulating covering agent, insulating covering agent is that mass percent is that 50% NaCl and mass percent are the mixture that 50% KCl forms, and uses hexachloroethane degasification removal of impurities then, obtains molten metal;
(2) adopt electromagnetic stirring equipment to carry out the induction stirring base, equipment comprises powerstat and whipping appts, powerstat rated output 9KW, input voltage 380V, output voltage 0~430V, outward current 0~50A; During induction stirring, the plumbago crucible that is preheating to 300 ℃ is placed in the electromagnetic mixing apparatus, pouring metal melt is carried out induction stirring in plumbago crucible, teeming temperature is 660 ℃, induction stirring time 00s, on load voltage is 140V during induction stirring, solidifies fully until it, obtains aluminium alloy material.
Composition and weight percent (wt%) thereof in the wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material that makes according to the foregoing description are: Al 43.1, and Cu 2.2%; Mn 0.9%, and Ni 0.7%, and surplus is Zn and unavoidable impurities.
Embodiment 8:
The preparation method of wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material may further comprise the steps:
(1) earlier warm resistance furnace in box is heated to 750 ℃, respectively the crucible that aluminium ingot, aluminum bronze master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy and aluminium nickel master alloy are housed is put into box temperature resistance furnace then, after treating its whole fusings, temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, puts into zinc ingot metal then, behind the insulation 30min, skim, add insulating covering agent, insulating covering agent is that mass percent is that 50% NaCl and mass percent are the mixture that 50% KCl forms, and uses hexachloroethane degasification removal of impurities then, obtains molten metal;
(2) adopt electromagnetic stirring equipment to carry out the induction stirring base, equipment comprises powerstat and whipping appts, powerstat rated output 9KW, input voltage 380V, output voltage 0~430V, outward current 0~50A; During induction stirring, the plumbago crucible that is preheating to 300 ℃ is placed in the electromagnetic mixing apparatus, pouring metal melt is carried out induction stirring in plumbago crucible, teeming temperature is 670 ℃, induction stirring time 120s, on load voltage is 150V during induction stirring, solidifies fully until it, obtains aluminium alloy material.
Composition and weight percent (wt%) thereof in the wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material that makes according to the foregoing description are: Al 43.1, and Cu 2.2%; Mn1.0%, Ni 0.9%, and surplus is Zn and unavoidable impurities.
According to the mechanics of the wear-and corrosion-resistant aluminium alloy material of technique scheme preparation and wear-resisting, corrosion resisting property is as shown in the table: