Background technology
Wearing and tearing are one of principal modes of machine components inefficacy, corresponding 50% of the fret wear that accounts for of abrasive wear.In abrasive wear, the low stress erosive wear accounts for certain proportion again.The low stress erosive wear extensively is present in during modern industry produces, like the wearing and tearing of slurry pump flow passage components such as mine, power plant and pipeline and valve.These vulnerable parts not only bear the erosion and the shear action of solids in the course of the work, but also will bear the corrosiveness and the action of high temperature of liquid medium, and working environment is extremely abominable, thereby make the service life of these wearing pieces lower.
The high-abrasive material of erosive wear commonly used has in industrial and mining enterprises at present: several big classifications such as white cast-iron, abrasion-resistant stee, non-ferrous alloy, pottery, plastic, rubber.These materials often make the cooperation of performances such as hardness, toughness, elevated temperature strength, antioxidant anticorrosive property, hear resistance unsatisfactory, and the raising of some performance is also very limited.For the complicated erosive wear operating mode that changes, its wear-resisting heat-resisting corrosion-resisting property is difficult to make a breakthrough.At present, the more widely used material of slag stock pump is a rich chromium cast iron, and rich chromium cast iron has higher hardness, and certain resistance to corrosion, and use obtains certain effect on the slag stock pump.But along with the increasing of actual condition output, and the slag stock pump is to the development of maximizing, and the transporting velocity of liquid slurry increases, and the wearing and tearing of slag stock pump are also just serious.Rich chromium cast iron is difficult to resist the erosive wear of high-speed solid particle and corrosion and the cavitation erosion that liquid medium causes.Therefore, rich chromium cast iron is not very good material as slag stock pump flow passage components material.
Non-ferrous alloy class, ceramic-like, plastic, rubber class high-abrasive material, development to some extent in recent years.But from practical situations; The weak point that all has some aspect, as: ceramic material has high rigidity, high-wearing feature, corrosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance, is highly suitable for the use under the low stress abrasive conditions; But owing to ceramic material, processing difficulties; Production cost is high, and the big characteristics of fragility, and its application is restricted.
The iron and steel metal has good machinability, toughness and intensity, Al
2O
3Have a lot of good performances, as have performances such as high intensity, hardness, wearability, corrosion resistance, can be used as various clad materials.In order to bring into play the advantage separately of metal and pottery; Ceramic material and metal material are compounded to form composite surface material; Both given full play to the performance of material separately; Can carry out material property and structure Design to different working conditions artificially again, be a developing direction of high-abrasive material under the low stress abrasive conditions.
There is employing to form Al at steel pipe internal-surface in the prior art from epidemic techniques
2O
3The method of pottery, however the method that adopts casting to ooze on the non-revolved body surface forms Al
2O
3The technology of cramic coat is not also appeared in the newspapers.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of prior art, one of the object of the invention is to provide a kind of Al
2O
3Particle surface strengthens the cast-infiltration method of base steel composite material, through the Al of this method preparation
2O
3Particle surface strengthens base steel composite material and not only has the good machinability of metal, toughness and intensity, also has the corrosion resisting property that the high hardness of ceramic material is become reconciled.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is:
A kind of Al
2O
3Particle surface strengthens the cast-infiltration method of base steel composite material, carries out according to the following steps,
1) proportioning component: granularity is the Al of 120-150 order and two kinds of specifications of 200-320 order
2O
3Particle, wherein the 120-150 order accounts for 30-50% by weight percentage, and the 200-320 purpose accounts for 50-70%; Binding agent is high pure clay, accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 6-10%, and auxiliary material is boric acid, sodium fluoride, PVC particle, and its mesoboric acid accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 0.3%-0.8%, and sodium fluoride accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 5%-8%, and the PVC particle accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 8%-12%;
2) preparation Al
2O
3Prefabricated section: will go up and go on foot the Al that chooses
2O
3Particle, binding agent and auxiliary material after mechanical mixture is even, is put into press and are pressed into prefabricated section, and the situation at the position that the shape and size of prefabricated section are compound is as required confirmed;
3) prefabricated section that roasting briquet: with step 2) obtains in stove at 800-850 ℃ of following roasting 1.5-2 hour;
4) fixing prefabricated section: the prefabricated section after the roasting is put into sand mold needs compound position, and fixes;
5) the melting casting is oozed: melting molten steel in medium-frequency induction furnace, and the fine aluminium deoxidation, cast temperature is 1550 ℃-1650 ℃; It is indoor that the sand mold of step 4) is placed on vacuum pouring, vacuumizes, and vacuum is 0.02-0.03MPa; Pour into a mould, cast finishes and continues to vacuumize 2-10min, makes motlten metal fully fill type and cast and is seeped in the hole of prefabricated section; Unpack in cooling back, knockout and cleaning, promptly obtains Al
2O
3Particle surface strengthens base steel composite material.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. the present invention is a matrix with the ferrous materials of extensive use, Al
2O
3Particle adopts casting infiltration to prepare Al as wild phase
2O
3Particle surface strengthens base steel composite material, and combination process is simple, with low cost, be applicable to the surface recombination wear-resistant material that uses under the low stress abrasive material erosive wear operating mode.
2.Al
2O
3Particle surface strengthens being characterized as of base steel composite material: Al
2O
3Particle well is embedded in the steel matrix, Al
2O
3Particle adopts different grain size to mix, thereby arrangement is tightr, does not gather a phenomenon, Al but have
2O
3Be full of steel matrix around the particle, be the metallurgical binding state.Steel surface cast-infiltration composite bed mainly be organized as Al
2O
3Particle+steel matrix+graphite, steel matrix is mainly ferrite.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment one
A kind of Al
2O
3Particle surface strengthens the cast-infiltration method of base steel composite material, carries out according to the following steps,
1) proportioning component: granularity is the Al of 120-150 order and two kinds of specifications of 200-320 order
2O
3Particle, wherein the 120-150 order accounts for 30% by weight percentage, and the 200-320 purpose accounts for 70%; Binding agent is high pure clay, accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 6%, and auxiliary material is boric acid, sodium fluoride, PVC particle, and its mesoboric acid accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 0.3%, and sodium fluoride accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 5%, and the PVC particle accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 8%;
2) preparation Al
2O
3Prefabricated section: will go up and go on foot the Al that chooses
2O
3Particle, binding agent and auxiliary material after mechanical mixture is even, is put into press and are pressed into prefabricated section, and being shaped as of prefabricated section is plane, and thickness is 3 millimeters;
3) prefabricated section that roasting briquet: with step 2) obtains in stove 800 ℃ of following roastings 1.5 hours;
4) fixing prefabricated section: the prefabricated section after the roasting is put into the sand mold top, and fix;
5) the melting casting is oozed: melting molten steel in medium-frequency induction furnace, and the fine aluminium deoxidation, cast temperature is 1550 ℃; It is indoor that the sand mold of step 4) is placed on vacuum pouring, vacuumizes, and vacuum is 0.02-0.03MPa; Pour into a mould, cast finishes and continues to vacuumize 5min, makes motlten metal fully fill type and cast and is seeped in the hole of prefabricated section; Unpack in cooling back, knockout and cleaning, promptly obtains Al
2O
3Particle surface strengthens base steel composite material.
Embodiment two
A kind of Al
2O
3Particle surface strengthens the cast-infiltration method of base steel composite material, carries out according to the following steps,
1) proportioning component: granularity is the Al of 120-150 order and two kinds of specifications of 200-320 order
2O
3Particle, wherein the 120-150 order accounts for 40% by weight percentage, and the 200-320 purpose accounts for 60%; Binding agent is high pure clay, accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 8%, and auxiliary material is boric acid, sodium fluoride, PVC particle, and its mesoboric acid accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 0.5%, and sodium fluoride accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 6%, and the PVC particle accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 10%;
2) preparation Al
2O
3Prefabricated section: will go up and go on foot the Al that chooses
2O
3Particle, binding agent and auxiliary material after mechanical mixture is even, is put into press and are pressed into prefabricated section, and being shaped as of prefabricated section is plane, and thickness is 2 millimeters
3) prefabricated section that roasting briquet: with step 2) obtains in stove 850 ℃ of following roastings 1.5 hours;
4) fixing prefabricated section: the prefabricated section after the roasting is put into the side of sand mold, and fix;
5) the melting casting is oozed: melting molten steel in medium-frequency induction furnace, and the fine aluminium deoxidation, cast temperature is 1550 ℃; It is indoor that the sand mold of step 4) is placed on vacuum pouring, vacuumizes, and vacuum is 0.02-0.03MPa; Pour into a mould, cast finishes and continues to vacuumize 5min, makes motlten metal fully fill type and cast and is seeped in the hole of prefabricated section; Unpack in cooling back, knockout and cleaning, promptly obtains Al
2O
3Particle surface strengthens base steel composite material.
Embodiment three
A kind of Al
2O
3Particle surface strengthens the cast-infiltration method of base steel composite material, carries out according to the following steps,
1) proportioning component: granularity is the Al of 120-150 order and two kinds of specifications of 200-320 order
2O
3Particle, wherein the 120-150 order accounts for 50% by weight percentage, and the 200-320 purpose accounts for 70%; Binding agent is high pure clay, accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 10%, and auxiliary material is boric acid, sodium fluoride, PVC particle, and its mesoboric acid accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 0.8%, and sodium fluoride accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 8%, and the PVC particle accounts for Al
2O
3The mass ratio of particle is 8%;
2) preparation Al
2O
3Prefabricated section: will go up and go on foot the Al that chooses
2O
3Particle, binding agent and auxiliary material after mechanical mixture is even, is put into press and are pressed into prefabricated section, and being shaped as of prefabricated section is plane, and thickness is 3.5 millimeters;
3) prefabricated section that roasting briquet: with step 2) obtains in stove 850 ℃ of following roastings 2 hours;
4) fixing prefabricated section: the prefabricated section after the roasting is put into the bottom of sand mold, and fix;
5) the melting casting is oozed: melting molten steel in medium-frequency induction furnace, and the fine aluminium deoxidation, cast temperature is 1650 ℃; It is indoor that the sand mold of step 4) is placed on vacuum pouring, vacuumizes, and vacuum is 0.02-0.03MPa; Pour into a mould, cast finishes and continues to vacuumize 5min, makes motlten metal fully fill type and cast and is seeped in the hole of prefabricated section; Unpack in cooling back, knockout and cleaning, promptly obtains Al
2O
3Particle surface strengthens base steel composite material.
Al
2O
3The maximum that particle surface strengthens the base steel composite material relative wear resistance appears at 45 ° at erosion angle, but at the erosion angle when 30 °, 45 ° and 60 ° the relative erosion wearing and tearing wearability of this composite all than other three kinds of material height.Rich chromium cast iron erosive wear wearability is best in four kinds of materials under 90 ° erosion angle.The maximum erosive wear wear rate of low-chromium cast-iron appears at 60 ° at erosion angle, and its best erosive wear wearability appears at 45 ° at erosion angle.
Table 1 is the erosion resistance tests result of the 45 ° of following test materials in erosion angle, from table, can find out Al
2O
3The erosive wear wearability of particle surface enhancing base steel composite material is best, and its relative erosion wearing and tearing wearability is 5.25 times of Q235 steel.
The erosion resistance tests result of table 1 material (45 ° at erosion angle)
The wearing and tearing sample |
Wear rate, δ mg/h |
Relative wear resistance, β |
Q235 |
12.20 |
1.00 |
Rich chromium cast iron |
9.24 |
1.32 |
Low-chromium cast-iron |
6.26 |
1.95 |
Composite of the present invention |
2.90 |
4.20 |
Applicant's statement; The present invention explains detailed process equipment of the present invention and technological process through the foregoing description; But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and technological process, does not mean that promptly the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and technological process could be implemented.The person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, and to any improvement of the present invention, to the interpolation of the equivalence replacement of each raw material of product of the present invention and auxiliary element, the selection of concrete mode etc., all drops within protection scope of the present invention and the open scope.