CN101956547A - 井场地面设备系统 - Google Patents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
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- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种井场地面设备系统。为井场地面设备供能的系统包括:至少一个原动机,与为该原动机供能的燃料源连通,并具有至少一个热源;至少一个泵,布置成由该原动机驱动,该至少一个泵与至少一个井筒和该井筒中使用的至少一种流体流体连通;和至少一个辅助系统,与该至少一个原动机的热源连通。
Description
技术领域
本部分内容仅提供与本发明公开内容相关的背景信息,可能不构成现有技术。本发明总体上涉及井场地面设备,例如压裂设备等。
背景技术
典型的井服务系统包括由能量源供能的原动机,例如柴油发动机等,其驱动至少一个从动部件,例如泵,该从动部件与井筒流体连通,以向井筒中引入流体。流体可以包括压裂液、支撑剂、酸、水泥浆、砾石充填混合物、钻井液、完井液、压缩气体、及其组合。
仍期望在效率、适应性和性能方面对井场地面设备进行改进。
发明内容
一种为井场地面设备供能的系统包括:至少一个原动机,与为该原动机供能的燃料源连通,并具有至少一个热源;至少一个泵,布置成由该原动机驱动,该至少一个泵与至少一个井筒和该井筒中使用的至少一种流体流体连通;和至少一个辅助系统,与该至少一个原动机的热源连通。燃料源可包括可燃气体燃料源。可燃气体燃料源可包括井筒直接提供的天然气、生产井提供的天然气、生产设备提供的天然气及其组合中之一。可燃气体燃料源可包括压缩天然气(CNG)、液化天然气(LNG)、来自管道或贮存地的天然气、诸如氢或丙烷的压缩可燃气体、诸如丁烷的液化烃类气体及其组合中之一。
燃料源可包括液体燃料。原动机可包括压缩点火往复式发动机、火花点火往复式发动机、燃料电池、以及涡轮发动机中的至少一个。该至少一个泵可包括正排量柱塞泵(positive displacement plunger pump)、离心泵、螺杆泵(progressing cavity pump)及其组合中之一。热源可包括废气出口、原动机冷却系统、辅助冷却系统及其组合中的至少一个。
辅助系统可包括与所述至少一个热源连通的辅助热交换器。辅助系统可包括蒸汽发生器、工作流体的蒸发器、加热用在井筒中的至少一种流体的热源、燃料源、以及从井筒中生产的流体中之一。辅助系统可包括废热驱动制冷系统(waste heat driven refrigeration system)。
该系统还可包括减噪系统。该系统还可包括为原动机提供空气源的空气入口,该空气入口包括用于冷却或加热空气源的空气热交换器。空气热交换器可与辅助系统流体连通。用在井筒中的流体可包括压裂液、酸、水泥浆、砾石充填混合物、钻井液、完井液、压缩气体及其组合中至少之一,其中压裂液包括至少一种流体和支撑剂。辅助系统可包括与天然气燃料源连通、以在其膨胀时从燃料源提取热量的热交换器。
在一个实施例中,一种方法包括:提供为井场设备供能的系统,该系统包括:至少一个原动机,与为该原动机供能的燃料源连通并具有至少一个热源;至少一个泵,布置成由该原动机驱动,该至少一个泵与至少一个井筒和该井筒中使用的至少一种流体流体连通;以及至少一个辅助系统,与该至少一个原动机的热源连通;使井场设备和系统邻近井筒布置;和使用井场设备在井筒中进行至少一种井服务操作。
井服务操作可包括压裂操作、酸处理操作、固井操作、完井操作、防砂操作、连续油管(coiled tubing)操作及其组合中之一。燃料源可包括可燃气体燃料源。可燃气体燃料源可包括井筒直接提供的天然气、生产井提供的天然气、生产设备提供的天然气及其组合中之一。可燃气体燃料源可包括压缩天然气(CNG)、液化天然气(LNG)、来自管道或贮存地的天然气、压缩可燃气体、液化烃类气体及其组合中之一。热源可包括废气出口、原动机冷却系统、辅助冷却系统及其组合中的至少一个。
附图说明
结合附图参照下面的详细说明将会更好地理解本发明的这些和其它特点及优点。
图1为井场地面设备系统的实施例的示意性框图。
图2为井场地面设备系统的实施例的示意性框图。
图3为井场地面设备系统的实施例的示意性框图。
图4为用于井场地面设备系统的燃料源的实施例的示意性框图。
图5为用于井场地面设备系统的燃料源的实施例的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
参照所有附图,一个实施例的井场地面系统总体上用附图标记100表示。系统100可用于向井场地面设备供能,该井场地面设备包括原动机102,该原动机102与燃料源104连通,并布置成用于驱动从动设备或部件106或向从动设备或部件106供能,从动设备或部件106例如是至少一个泵或类似部件。所述至少一个泵106可以通过合适的管路和/或管道110与井筒108流体连通,该合适的管路和/或管道110包括但不限于本领域已知的管道,例如处理铁(treating iron)。泵106还可与多于一个井筒108以及用在该至少一个井筒108中的至少一种流体112流体连通。泵106可与多于一种流体112流体连通。系统100可安装在滑架或拖车(未示出)上,用于将系统100移至不同的井筒,例如井筒108。原动机104可包括与至少一个辅助系统118连通的热源,例如废气出口116,或者其它合适的热源,其可以进一步包括热交换器等,这在下面更详细地讨论。
在系统100操作期间,泵106可以向井筒108供应流体112,并且流体114可以从井筒108供应,例如,但不限于,产出的水和/或产出的液体或类似物。产出的液体、水、或流体114可进一步供应到泵106,正如本领域技术人员所理解的。
原动机102可以是内燃机,例如压缩点火往复式发动机或柴油往复式发动机、火花点火往复式发动机、涡轮机,例如航改涡轮机(aeroderivative turbineengine)、工业涡轮机(industrial turbine engine)、超燃冲压发动机、燃料电池等,如本领域技术人员所理解的。
参照图4和5,示出了燃料源的实施例,燃料源总体上以400和500表示。燃料源104可以是可燃气体源,例如压缩天然气(CNG)502、液化天然气(LNG)504、和/或来自管道506或贮存地508的天然气。燃料源104可包括直接从井筒108、生产井筒402(例如邻近的生产井筒)、生产设备404供应的诸如天然气等的可燃气体,或图4和5所示的天然气源108、402、404、502、504、506和508的任意组合。燃料源104可包括来自井筒108、生产井筒402或生产设备404的压缩的可燃气体和/或易燃气体,如氢或丙烷,或者液化的可燃和/或易燃烃类气体,如丁烷。燃料源104可包括液体燃料源510,例如柴油、煤油等。燃料源104可包括上述天然气源108、402、404、502、504、506和508以及上述液体燃料源510的组合,正如本领域技术人员所理解的。
可以选择燃料源104,以减少和/或改变排气系统116中的废气总体排放,例如通过减少总颗粒物质、氮氧化物(NOx)的总排放、废气中一氧化碳或二氧化碳的含量等。随着原动机104的运转,废气产生并通过排气系统116传送。然后,排气系统116中的废气的热量可以在至少一个辅助系统118中被利用,这在下面将更详细地讨论。
泵106可包括用于例如在压力等条件下将流体112提供至井筒108的正排量泵,如柱塞泵(例如三缸柱塞泵或五缸柱塞泵)、离心泵、螺杆泵或者任何合适的设备及其组合,正如本领域技术人员所理解的。
在一实施例中,最好参照图2,系统总体上以附图标记200表示。系统200包括原动机202,原动机202是包括压缩机部分204和涡轮机或涡轮扩展机部分206的涡轮发动机。空气在进口208处被引入原动机202,并可以通过空气热交换器210传送。空气热交换器210可用来冷却进入原动机202中的引入空气。空气被从热交换器引导到原动机或涡轮发动机202的压缩机部分204。压缩机部分202可具有多个压缩阶段,空气可以在压缩阶段之间或者一个或多个压缩阶段之后传送通过至少一个中间冷却器212。压缩空气离开压缩机部分204,与来自燃料源104的燃料混合,在燃烧室214中由点火器(未示出)或类似装置进行点火,并通过发动机202的涡轮机或扩展机部分206传送(route)。涡轮机或扩展机部分206可包括多个膨胀阶段,废气可在废气出口从最后阶段或中间阶段传送到用于辅助系统(例如,辅助系统118)的辅助热交换器216。原动机202的输出218,例如轴,通过直接或紧配合连接、传动装置、齿轮减速器、与泵紧配合的动力涡轮或通过其它合适的连接,连接到一个或多个从动装置(例如,泵106等)的输入(未示出),例如轴。
如上所述,泵106或从动装置与井筒108和流体源112流体连通,流体例如为工作流体或处理流体,包括但不限于,压裂液、一种或多种支撑剂、一种或多种酸、水泥浆、砾石充填混合物、钻井液、完井液以及它们的混合物。
辅助系统118可使用辅助热交换器216作为蒸汽发生器122,用于例如利用合适的输出等操作蒸汽涡轮机来生产蒸汽并操作联合循环系统,正如本领域技术人员所理解的。辅助系统118可使用辅助热交换器216作为工作流体的蒸发器,工作流体例如是流体112、流体114、燃料源104等。
辅助系统118可利用辅助热交换器216作为热源以加热流体112,从而例如控制流体或处理流体112的特性和/或化学反应。受到加热的处理流体112可以通过合适的泵送和/或装设管道的装置,例如泵106和处理铁(treatingiron)110,而被送入井筒。
辅助系统118可使用辅助热交换器216作为热源加热流体114,例如来自井筒108或者附近的井筒或者生产设备的产出液。产出液114在被蒸发或汽化成为辅助系统118的一部分之前可经过调节或处理,或者经过调节或处理的流体114可被注入原动机202的涡轮机或扩展机部分206中,或者被注入原动机202的空气入口208,以提供冷却。
辅助系统118可使用辅助热交换器216,在由LNG燃料源504或CNG燃料源502提供的过冷气体注入原动机102之前,对其进行加热,正如本领域技术人员将理解的。辅助系统118可使用辅助热交换器216作为废热驱动制冷系统120的热输入,该制冷系统可用于例如冷却进入空气热交换器210中的空气,例如在原动机202的入口208处,以操作机械制冷系统或类似系统来冷却系统100的各种部件。
在图3所示的系统100′的实施例中,辅助系统118可进一步使用来自原动机102或202的冷却水系统302的冷却水作为辅助热交换器216的热源,与流体112、流体114、燃料源104(如LNG燃料源504或CNG燃料源502)、制冷系统120、蒸汽发生器122、以及空气热交换器210一起使用。系统100′可以仅使用冷却水系统302的冷却水作为辅助热交换器216的热源。系统100和100′可以利用来自辅助冷却系统、冷却水系统302、排气系统116及其组合的热,如本领域技术人员将理解的。
空气热交换器210可用于在注入原动机102或202之前在入口208处冷却和/或加热进来的空气,并加热例如来自CNG燃料源502或LNG燃料源504的过冷天然气。然后,来自于空气热交换器210的天然气被传送至辅助热交换器216,从而例如在燃烧室214处注入原动机202或102之前加热来自空气热交换器208出口的气体。
流体114可包括压裂液、一种或多种支撑剂、一种或多种酸、水泥浆、砾石充填混合物、钻井液、完井液以及它们的混合物,如本领域技术人员已知的。一种或多种流体114可以用在任意个井服务操作中,包括但不限于,压裂操作、酸处理操作、固井操作、完井操作、连续油管操作、防砂操作及其组合。
泵或从动设备106可包括被单一原动机102或202驱动的一对泵,例如2008年9月3日递交的共同转让、同时待审的申请No.12/203,604中所公开的。
原动机102或202可进一步包括减噪系统124。减噪系统124可与原动机102或202的排气系统116结合或以合适的方式连通,减噪系统124可包括位于辅助热交换器216下游的用于废气的转向装置,使得废气可被向上引导。减噪系统124可以包括针对噪声源例如原动机102或202的废气的“噪音消除”或者中和波,以减少原动机102或202或其它地面设备噪声源的有效噪声,从而减少整个系统100的总噪声。辅助热交换器216通过使废气传送通过隔音板或类似装置,本身就具有消音器或减噪器的功能。
上面所公开的具体实施例仅是示意性的,因为本领域技术人员受益于这里的教导显然能够以不同的等同方式改进或实施本发明。而且,除了下面权利要求书中所描述的以外,此处所示出的结构或设计的细节不是限制性的。因此,很明显,上面所公开的具体实施例可以改变或改进,且所有这样的变型都被认为在本发明的范围和精神内。具体地,此处所公开的每个值的范围(从“大约a到大约b”,或等同地“从约a到b”,或等同地“从大约a-b”的形式)应当理解为是指相应值范围的幂集(所有子集的集合)。因此,此处请求的保护与下面权利要求书中提出的一样。
已经根据本发明目前较佳的实施例进行了前面的描述。与本发明相关的技术领域的人员将理解,在不有意偏离本发明的原理和范围的条件下,可以对所说明的结构和操作方法进行改进和改变。相应地,此前的描述不能被解读为只适于所描述的和附图所示的精确结构,而应理解为与下面权利要求相一致并支持权利要求,以使权利要求范围最全面、最公平。
Claims (21)
1.一种为井场地面设备供能的系统,包括:
至少一个原动机,与为该原动机供能的燃料源连通,并具有至少一个热源;
至少一个泵,布置成由该原动机驱动,该至少一个泵与至少一个井筒和该井筒中使用的至少一种流体流体连通;和
至少一个辅助系统,与该至少一个原动机的热源连通。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,燃料源为可燃气体燃料源。
3.如权利要求2所述的系统,其中,可燃气体燃料源包括井筒直接提供的天然气、生产井提供的天然气、生产设备提供的天然气及其组合中之一。
4.如权利要求2所述的系统,其中,可燃气体燃料源包括压缩天然气(CNG)、液化天然气(LNG)、来自管道或贮存地的天然气、诸如氢或丙烷的压缩可燃气体、诸如丁烷的液化烃类气体及其组合中之一。
5.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,燃料源包括液体燃料。
6.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,原动机包括压缩点火往复式发动机、火花点火往复式发动机、燃料电池、以及涡轮发动机中的至少一个。
7.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,该至少一个泵包括正排量柱塞泵、离心泵、螺杆泵及其组合中之一。
8.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,热源包括废气出口、原动机冷却系统、辅助冷却系统及其组合中的至少一个。
9.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,辅助系统包括与所述至少一个热源连通的辅助热交换器。
10.如权利要求9所述的系统,其中,辅助系统包括蒸汽发生器、工作流体的蒸发器、加热用在井筒中的至少一种流体的热源、燃料源、以及从井筒中生产的流体中之一。
11.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,辅助系统包括废热驱动制冷系统。
12.如权利要求1所述的系统,进一步包括减噪系统。
13.如权利要求1所述的系统,进一步包括为原动机提供空气源的空气入口,该空气入口包括用于冷却或加热空气源的空气热交换器。
14.如权利要求12所述的系统,其中,空气热交换器与辅助系统流体连通。
15.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,用在井筒中的流体包括压裂液、酸、水泥浆、砾石充填混合物、钻井液、完井液、压缩气体及其组合中至少之一,其中压裂液包括流体和支撑剂中的至少一种。
16.一种方法,包括:
提供为井场设备供能的系统,该系统包括:至少一个原动机,与为该原动机供能的燃料源连通并具有至少一个热源;至少一个泵,布置成由该原动机驱动,该至少一个泵与至少一个井筒和该井筒中使用的至少一种流体流体连通;以及至少一个辅助系统,与该至少一个原动机的热源连通;
使井场设备和系统邻近井筒布置;和
使用井场设备在井筒中进行至少一种井服务操作。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法,其中,井服务操作包括压裂操作、酸处理操作、固井操作、完井操作、防砂操作、连续油管操作及其组合中之一。
18.如权利要求16所述的方法,其中,燃料源包括可燃气体燃料源。
19.如权利要求18所述的方法,其中,可燃气体燃料源包括井筒直接提供的天然气、生产井提供的天然气、生产设备提供的天然气及其组合中之一。
20.如权利要求18所述的方法,其中,可燃气体燃料源包括压缩天然气(CNG)、液化天然气(LNG)、来自管道或贮存地的天然气、压缩可燃气体、液化烃类气体及其组合中之一。
21.如权利要求16所述的方法,其中,热源包括废气出口、原动机冷却系统、辅助冷却系统及其组合中的至少一个。
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- 2009-09-22 CA CA2679812A patent/CA2679812C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-09-22 CN CN201610853066.4A patent/CN106968637A/zh active Pending
- 2009-09-22 AU AU2009217432A patent/AU2009217432B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-09-22 RU RU2009135320/03A patent/RU2527100C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-09-22 CN CN200910253050.XA patent/CN101956547A/zh active Pending
-
2014
- 2014-08-04 US US14/451,277 patent/US20140345865A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105102757A (zh) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-11-25 | 普拉德研究及开发股份有限公司 | 利用天然气的增产 |
CN108179986A (zh) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-06-19 | 大庆华帝石油科技有限公司 | 多功能一体化环保装置 |
CN112523747A (zh) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 超高温井随钻仪器电路的无源式冷却设备、仪器及系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8794307B2 (en) | 2014-08-05 |
RU2527100C2 (ru) | 2014-08-27 |
CN106968637A (zh) | 2017-07-21 |
CA2679812A1 (en) | 2010-03-22 |
US20140345865A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
AU2009217432A1 (en) | 2010-04-08 |
AU2009217432B2 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
CA2679812C (en) | 2017-09-19 |
RU2009135320A (ru) | 2011-03-27 |
US20100071899A1 (en) | 2010-03-25 |
MX2009010141A (es) | 2010-05-03 |
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