CN101949752A - Triaxial adaptive dynamic-balance execution device for centrifuger - Google Patents
Triaxial adaptive dynamic-balance execution device for centrifuger Download PDFInfo
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- CN101949752A CN101949752A CN 201010242135 CN201010242135A CN101949752A CN 101949752 A CN101949752 A CN 101949752A CN 201010242135 CN201010242135 CN 201010242135 CN 201010242135 A CN201010242135 A CN 201010242135A CN 101949752 A CN101949752 A CN 101949752A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a triaxial adaptive dynamic-balance execution device for a centrifuger, which comprises a horizontal dynamic-balance execution unit, a vertical dynamic-balance execution unit and an execution controller for controlling the dynamic-balance execution units, wherein each dynamic-balance execution unit comprises a base fixed on a rotor, a guide rail fixed on the base, a sliding block in sliding connection with the guide rail, a drive mechanism for driving the sliding block to reciprocate along the guide rail, and a dynamic-balance mass block fixedly connected to the sliding block; a data acquisition device is arranged outside the rotor, acquires periodic vibration responses of the rotor caused by amounts of unbalance, and is connected with a processor; the processor can acquire the amplitude and phases of the vibration responses caused by different amounts of unbalance, and compute an initial amount of unbalance of the rotor and the travel directions and travel distances of each sliding block according to the amplitude and the phases; the drive mechanisms of each execution unit are controlled by the execution controller; and the processor communicates with the execution controller by using a wireless communication device. The triaxial adaptive dynamic-balance execution device has the advantages of direct arrangement on the rotor, capability of realizing adaptive dynamic-balance regulation when the mass distribution or rotating speed of the rotor is changed, and accurate control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tri-axial self-adaptive dynamic balance actuating unit that is used for the big rotor of length-diameter ratio.
Technical background
At present, transient equilibrium work to rotor is mostly finished on dynamic balancing machine, also some is to use dynamic balance instrument to carry out spot dynamic balance to come rotor is carried out transient equilibrium, dynamically balanced kind mainly is divided into single face transient equilibrium and two-sided transient equilibrium, must carry out two-sided transient equilibrium when the length-diameter ratio of rotor is big.When using dynamic balancing machine or dynamic balance instrument to eliminate amount of unbalance, need startup repeatedly and stop, on face of rotor or two faces, eliminate afterwards or increase a part of quality, implementation procedure is very complicated, the needed time is also very long, and as long as the rotating speed of rotor or mass distribution change and just rotor need be taken on the dynamic balancing machine or the use dynamic balance instrument is done transient equilibrium again.
Summary of the invention
Realize transient equilibrium work for convenience, more for when the mass distribution of the big rotor of length-diameter ratio or rotating speed change, rotor can be realized the self-adaptation transient equilibrium, the invention provides a kind of self-adaptation three axial dynamic poise devices.
The tri-axial self-adaptive dynamic balance actuating unit that is used for hydro-extractor comprises the horizontal direction of the rotor that is fixed in, respectively along the Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element of two its transient equilibrium masses of axial adjustment be fixed in the face of cylinder of rotor, the vertically vertical dynamic balance execution unit of its transient equilibrium mass of up-down adjustment and the implementation controller of control dynamic balance execution unit;
Described dynamic balance execution unit comprises and is fixed in described epitrochanterian base, be fixed on the guide rail on the described base, the slide block that is slidingly connected with described guide rail and promote described slide block along the reciprocating gear train of described guide rail is fixed in the transient equilibrium mass on the described slide block;
Described rotor is provided with the data collector of the periodic vibration response of the rotor that collection causes by amount of unbalance outward, the amplitude that described data collector and can obtain the vibratory response that different aequums causes and phase place and original unbalance and the moving direction of each slide block and the processor of displacement of calculating rotor according to described amplitude and phasometer are connected, and described processor is by wireless communication apparatus and described implementation controller communication.
Further, described rotor upper surface four the Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance elements that evenly distribute, the guide rail conllinear of two relative Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance elements, the moving direction of slide block are opposite; The guide rail of two adjacent Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance elements is vertical mutually;
Even four vertical dynamic balance execution unit that distribute on the periphery of described rotor, the guide rail of all vertical dynamic balance execution unit is parallel to each other;
Any a pair of Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element must have a pair of vertical dynamic balance execution unit coplane with it.
Further, described data collector comprises on the rotary drive mechanism that is arranged on described rotor, the rotating speed of rotary drive mechanism can be converted to the photoelectric encoder of pulse sequence signal, the data collecting card that is connected with described photoelectric encoder, the trigger mechanism that whether vibrates and obtain the vibration transducer of vibration signal and trigger described data collecting card, make it begin to sample with described data acquisition card connection and inductiopn rotor;
With the pulse signal of described photoelectric encoder output external clock signal as data collecting card, with the vibration signal of described vibration transducer output input signal as data collecting card, the sampled signal that will obtain after will sampling to described vibration signal according to described external clock signal is as the output signal of described data collecting card, and described sampled signal is imported in the described processor.
Further, described vibration transducer is a current vortex sensor.
Further, described trigger mechanism comprise be fixed in comprise be fixed on the described horn, with horizontal direction on arbitrary dynamic balance execution unit the guide rail conllinear magnet steel and with the Hall switch of described data acquisition card connection, described rotor is whenever goed around, described Hall switch and described magnet steel meet once, and the described data collecting card of trigger action that described Hall switch and described magnet steel send when meeting is sampled.
Perhaps, described trigger mechanism is opened in the groove on the face of cylinder of rotor, and described groove is with described vibration transducer is corresponding down.
Further, described processor comprises when rotor slowly runs, obtain respectively and write down, the systematic error logging modle of the mismachining tolerance graph of errors of the rotor of following vibration transducer induction, when the rotor operate as normal, obtain respectively and write down, first cache module of first vibration signal that produces by rotor of following vibration transducer induction, the slide block of Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element is moved, and the execution module of record slide block moving direction and distance, obtain respectively and after the recording level slide block moves, on, second cache module of second vibration signal that produces by rotor of following vibration transducer induction, the slide block of vertical dynamic balance execution unit is moved, and the execution module of record slide block moving direction and distance, after obtaining respectively and writing down upright slide block and move, on, the 3rd cache module of the 3rd vibration signal that produces by rotor of following vibration transducer induction, respectively with first, second, mismachining tolerance in the 3rd vibration signal is removed, and the noise of filtering vibration signal, obtain the error module of going of the amplitude of vibration signal and phase place, according to first, second, the quality of the amplitude of the 3rd vibration signal and phase place and slide block and displacement, calculate the upper surface of rotor and the original unbalance on the cylinder with influence coefficient method, and described amount of unbalance is converted to the required mobile direction of slide block of each topworks and the computing module of distance, required mobile direction of slide block that described computing module obtains and the described execution module of distance input.
Further, described gear train comprises stepper motor and screw mechanism, and leading screw is connected with the output shaft of described motor, and feed screw nut and described mass are affixed; The both sides of described leading screw are provided with the limit switch of restriction slide block moving range respectively, the two ends of described leading screw are connected with base by supporting base respectively, be provided with bearing between described supporting base and the described screw mandrel, described supporting base is fixed in described base; Described stepper motor is controlled by described implementation controller.
Further, described rotary drive mechanism comprises and the gear mechanism that drives described rotor rotation, gear wheel and described rotor coaxial setting, pinion wheel and described gear wheel engaged transmission, described photoelectric encoder is installed in the rotating shaft of described pinion wheel.
Further, described processor is by wireless communication apparatus and described implementation controller communication, and wireless communication apparatus uses RS232 and described processor communication.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: by dynamic balance execution unit is installed, obtain the adjustment parameter of dynamic balance execution unit by the vibratory response that is caused by amount of unbalance of analyzing rotor on rotor, make rotor reach transient equilibrium.When the rotating speed of rotor and mass distribution changed, the vibratory response of rotor also changed accordingly, and processor will reanalyse, calculate vibratory response, re-move the slide block of dynamic balance execution mechanism, make rotor reach transient equilibrium again.Upper surface at rotor is installed the force unbalance that four dynamic balance execution unit are used for eliminating rotor, on the face of cylinder of rotor the couple unbalance that four dynamic balance execution unit are used for eliminating rotor is installed.
The trigger pip that the present invention uses Hall switch to begin image data as the phase reference and the data collecting card of dynamic balancing measurement.During rotor rotation, what Hall switch was exported at ordinary times is high level, when meeting with magnet steel with output low level, so rotor is whenever goed around, pulse of Hall switch output, this pulse inputs to capture card, and its rising edge begins the reference signal of image data as data collecting card.
Also can be by on the periphery of rotor, offering the trigger mechanism of making data collecting card with following vibration transducer corresponding groove.When vibration transducer ran into groove instantly, signal of sensor was undergone mutation, and the signal of this sudden change is promptly as triggering the trigger pip that described data collecting card is sampled.
During the driving mechanism action, the power of drive motor is through pinion wheel, and gear wheel is passed to rotor, thereby makes rotor rotation; The photoelectric encoder that is connected in the pinion wheel rotating shaft is converted to pulse train output with the rotating speed of pinion wheel rotating shaft, this pulse train inputs to data collecting card, external clock signal as the data collecting card sampling, no matter guarantee rotor rotating speed size, rotor is whenever goed around, and data collecting card is integer-period sampled
Individual, and the stationkeeping of sampled point; Having under the situation of amount of unbalance, rotor has periodic vibration, and current vortex sensor is installed in the outside of rotor, rely on to detect the vibratory response to amount of unbalance that the gap variable quantity of itself and rotor is measured rotor; The output signal of current vortex sensor inputs to data collecting card, as the input signal of data collecting card; Data collecting card starts after receiving the reference signal pulse, enters the state of preparing sampling, whenever receives an external clock signal pulse afterwards and gathers an input signal, has gathered
Individual back transfers data to computing machine by usb bus, finishes data acquisition one time.
Since root diameter bigger, circularity after machining can not be fine, rotor when rotated, the mismachining tolerance curve of rotor and the vibration response curve same frequency of amount of unbalance and phase place are also fixing, so before coming into operation, the mismachining tolerance curved measurement of rotor should be come out and its intrinsic reference record as system is got off; The method that obtains rotor mismachining tolerance curve is: be that rotor changes under extremely low rotating speed
Change, make the size of the vibration that amount of unbalance causes be almost 0, system is through behind the data acquisition mentioned above, and data collecting card will collect the mismachining tolerance curve of rotor, and be transferred to processor.When calculating the amount of unbalance of rotor, earlier the mismachining tolerance in the vibration signal is removed, improve the accuracy of control.
The present invention has and directly is installed on the rotor, can realizes self-adaptation transient equilibrium adjustment, the advantage of precise control when the mass distribution of rotor or rotating speed change.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of first kind of embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of second kind of embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the cut-open view of dynamic balance execution unit.
Fig. 5 is a control flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
With reference to accompanying drawing 1,2,4,5, further specify the present invention:
Be used to realize the dynamic balance execution device of above-mentioned manner of execution, comprise the horizontal direction of the rotor 1 that is fixed in, respectively along the Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element 2-1 of two its transient equilibrium masses of axial adjustment be fixed in the face of cylinder of rotor, vertically the vertical dynamic balance execution unit 2-2 of its transient equilibrium mass of up-down adjustment and the implementation controller 7 of control dynamic balance execution unit;
Described dynamic balance execution unit comprises the base 21 that is fixed on the described rotor 1, be fixed on the guide rail 22 on the described base 21, the slide block 23 that is slidingly connected with described guide rail 22 and promote described slide block 23 along described guide rail 22 reciprocating gear trains, on described transient equilibrium the mass 24 affixed and described slide blocks 23, for four dynamic balance execution unit 2-1 on the horizontal direction, guide rail 22 conllinear of two relative dynamic balance execution unit 2-1, the moving direction of slide block 23 is opposite, and the guide rail 22 of two adjacent dynamic balance execution unit 2-1 is vertical mutually; For four dynamic balance execution unit 2-2 of vertical direction, the guide rail 22 of dynamic balance execution unit 2-2 is parallel to each other, the mobile phase of slide block 23 same; Dynamic balance execution unit 2-1,2-2 are controlled by implementation controller 7.
Described rotor 1 is outer to be provided with the harvester of the periodic vibration response of the rotor 1 that collection causes by amount of unbalance, the amplitude that described harvester and can obtain the vibratory response that different aequums causes and phase place and original unbalance and the moving direction of each slide block and the processor 3 of displacement of calculating rotor according to described amplitude and phasometer are connected, and described processor 3 is by wireless communication apparatus 6 and described implementation controller 7 communications.
Four the Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element 2-1 that evenly distribute on the described rotor 1, guide rail 22 conllinear of two relative Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element 2-1, the moving direction of slide block 23 are opposite; The guide rail 22 of two adjacent Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element 2-1 is vertical mutually;
Even four vertical dynamic balance execution unit 2-2 that distribute on the periphery of described rotor 1, the guide rail 22 of all vertical dynamic balance execution unit 2-2 is parallel to each other;
Any a pair of Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element 2-1 must have a pair of vertical dynamic balance execution unit 2-2 coplane with it.
Described harvester comprises on the rotary drive mechanism that is arranged on described rotor 1, the rotating speed of rotary drive mechanism can be converted to the photoelectric encoder 41 of pulse sequence signal, the data collecting card 42 that is connected with described photoelectric encoder 41 is with the trigger mechanism that described data collecting card 42 is connected and whether inductiopn rotor 1 vibrates and obtain the vibration transducer 43 of vibration signal and trigger described data collecting card 42, make it begin to sample;
With the pulse signal of described photoelectric encoder 41 outputs external clock signal as data collecting card 42, with the vibration signal of described vibration transducer 43 outputs input signal as data collecting card 42, the sampled signal that will obtain after will sampling to described vibration signal according to described external clock signal is as the output signal of described data collecting card 42, and described sampled signal is imported in the described processor 3.
Described vibration transducer 43 is a current vortex sensor.
Described trigger mechanism comprises and is fixed in described epitrochanterian magnet steel 441 and the Hall switch 442 that is connected with described data collecting card 42, described rotor 1 is whenever goed around, described Hall switch 442 meets once with described magnet steel 441, the described data collecting card 42 of trigger action that described Hall switch 442 sends when meeting with described magnet steel 441.
Described processor 3 comprises when horn slowly runs, obtain and write down the systematic error logging modle of the mismachining tolerance curve of horn, when rotor 1 operate as normal, obtain respectively and write down, first cache module of first vibration signal that produces by rotor 1 of following vibration transducer 43 inductions, the slide block of Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element 2-1 is moved, and the execution module of record slide block moving direction and distance, after obtaining and write down slide block 23 respectively and moving, on, second cache module of second vibration signal that produces by rotor 1 of following vibration transducer 43 inductions, the slide block of vertical dynamic balance execution unit 2-2 is moved, and the execution module of record slide block moving direction and distance, after obtaining and write down slide block 23 respectively and moving, on, the 3rd cache module of the 3rd vibration signal that produces by rotor 1 of following vibration transducer induction; Respectively mismachining tolerance corresponding in first, second, third vibration signal is removed and filtering interfering noise signal, the amplitude of obtaining vibration signal and phase place go error module, according to the quality and the displacement of the amplitude of first, second, third vibration signal and phase place and slide block, calculate the amount of unbalance of rotor and described amount of unbalance be converted to the slide block 23 required mobile directions of each topworks and the computing module of distance with influence coefficient method.
Described gear train comprises stepper motor 251 and screw mechanism, and leading screw 252 is connected with the output shaft of described motor 251, and feed screw nut 253 and described mass 24 are affixed; The both sides of described leading screw 252 are provided with the limit switch 254 of restriction slide block moving range respectively, the two ends of described leading screw are connected with base 21 by supporting base 255 respectively, be provided with bearing 256 between described supporting base 255 and the described screw mandrel 254, described supporting base 255 is fixed in described base 21; Described stepper motor 251 is controlled by described implementation controller 7.
Described rotary drive mechanism comprises and the gear mechanism that drives described rotor 1 rotation, gear wheel 51 and described rotor 1 coaxial setting, pinion wheel 52 and described gear wheel 51 engaged transmission, described photoelectric encoder 41 is installed in the rotating shaft 53 of described pinion wheel 52.
Described processor 3 is by wireless communication apparatus 6 and described implementation controller 7 communications, and wireless communication apparatus 6 uses RS232 and 3 communications of described processor.
The execution in step of processor is as follows:
(1), the current rotating speed that will drive the driving mechanism of rotor rotation converts pulse sequence signal to, guarantees that rotor whenever goes around, no matter the rotor speed height, the umber of pulse in the pulse train is the same, the described pulse sequence signal of real time record;
(2), on rotor, set a mark, make rotor whenever go around, mark sends a pulse signal, and the position of mark is on a slide block moving direction; And stipulate that the centre of gyration with rotor is an initial point, the line of described mark and described initial point is
Axle, the direction from described initial point to described mark is
To, and find according to the right-hand rule
The axle and
To,
The axle and
To, existing regulation
The axle and
That face of axle decision is last rectifying plane,
The axle and
That face of axle decision is
Face,
The axle and
That face of axle decision is
Face,
Face and
Face is formed the cylinder rectifying plane; In rotor outside, install vibration transducer in position near the rotor upper surface, vibration transducer under installing near the position of rotor lower surface, the face at last vibration transducer place is last test surfaces, the face at following vibration transducer place under test surfaces;
(3), rotor before coming into operation, need obtain the mismachining tolerance curve of rotor, and described mismachining tolerance curve is preserved as systematic error; Horn is changeed under extremely low rotating speed
Change, make the size of the vibration that amount of unbalance causes be almost 0, with the external clock signal of current pulse sequence signal as data collecting card, the pulse signal that sends with mark is as the trigger pip of data collecting card, described horn mismachining tolerance curve is carried out integer-period sampled, the revolution that the sampling horn rotates is
, horn is whenever goed around, and data collecting card is integer-period sampled
Individual, the mismachining tolerance curve of the rotor that upper and lower vibration transducer records respectively: the first mismachining tolerance curve
(
), the second mismachining tolerance curve
(
), write down described first, second mismachining tolerance curve;
(4), make rotor be in normal operating conditions, obtain first vibration signal that the amount of unbalance of rotor causes, with the external clock signal of current pulse sequence signal as data collecting card, the pulse of sending with mark is as the trigger pip of data collecting card, to described first vibration signal sampling, the same in the revolution that the sampling horn rotates and the sampling number of revolution and the step (3), be respectively
With
, upper and lower vibration transducer obtains first vibration response curve respectively
,
(
); Remove mismachining tolerance corresponding in first vibration response curve
,
(
),
Amplitude and phase place that utilization is eliminated undesired signal and obtained first vibration response curve from motion tracking correlation filtering method are respectively:
(5), mobile respectively going up in the rectifying plane
,
The slide block of the dynamic balance execution unit axially, and write down the displacement that two axial top shoes move and be respectively
,
(
Axial two slide block displacement equivalence, any one that only need move wherein during use gets final product,
Two axial slide block displacements are equivalence also, and any one that only need move wherein during use gets final product), if wherein displacement moves to positive dirction for just representing, for negative indication moves to negative direction;
Upper and lower vibration transducer obtains second vibration signal that the current amount of unbalance of rotor causes respectively, with the external clock signal of current pulse sequence signal as data collecting card, described second vibration signal is sampled as the trigger pip of data collecting card with the pulse that mark sends, the same in the revolution that the sampling horn rotates and the sampling number of revolution and the step (3), be respectively
With
, upper and lower vibration transducer obtains second vibration response curve respectively
,
(
); Remove the mismachining tolerance in second vibration response curve
,
(
), utilize from motion tracking correlation filtering method and eliminate undesired signal and obtain the amplitude and the phase place of second vibration response curve:
(6), mobile going up in the rectifying plane
,
The slide block of axial dynamic balance execution unit makes two axial top shoes get back to initial position, and the slide block of the dynamic balance execution unit in the mobile afterwards cylinder rectifying plane makes
The slide block of the dynamic balance execution unit on the face is moving displacement respectively
,
, make
The slide block of the dynamic balance execution unit on the face is moving displacement respectively
,
If wherein displacement moves to positive dirction on the occasion of expression, negative value is represented to move to negative direction, keep test speed constant, upper and lower vibration transducer obtains the 3rd vibration signal that the current amount of unbalance of rotor causes respectively, with the external clock signal of current pulse sequence signal as data collecting card, described the 3rd vibration signal is sampled as the trigger pip of data collecting card with the pulse that mark sends, the same in the revolution that the sampling horn rotates and the sampling number of revolution and the step (3), be respectively
With
, and the 3rd vibration signal sampled obtain the 3rd vibration response curve
,
(
); Remove the mismachining tolerance in the 3rd vibration response curve
,
(
), utilize from the motion tracking correlation filtering and eliminate undesired signal and obtain the amplitude and the phase place of the 3rd vibration response curve:
(7) make the slide block of four vertical dynamic balance execution unit in the cylinder rectifying plane move to initial position;
(8), the amplitude and the phase place of first, second, third vibration response curve that draws according to step (4), step (5) and step (6), and the moving direction of each slide block and displacement, use influence coefficient method to calculate the upward correction of rotor and the original unbalance on the cylinder rectifying plane:
Wherein:
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, wherein
Be the turning radius of vertical direction dynamic balance execution unit slide block,
mBe the movable part quality, movable part comprises slide block, feed screw nut, transient equilibrium mass and connects the bolt and nut of usefulness;
If initial unbalance,
The axle and
Component on the axle is respectively
,
, initial unbalance,
The plane and
Component in the plane is respectively
,
:
Then
Direction and
The distance that slide block on the direction need move is respectively
,
, and
Wherein
Be the turning radius of vertical direction dynamic balance execution unit slide block,
mBe the movable part quality, movable part comprises slide block, feed screw nut, transient equilibrium mass and connects the bolt and nut of usefulness; Result of calculation on the occasion of the time represent to move to the positive dirction of corresponding coordinate axle, represent during for negative value to move to the negative direction of corresponding coordinate axle;
(9), make the slide block of each dynamic balance execution mechanism move to the position of requirement; Obtain current vibratory response, judge whether current vibration is in the vibration allowed band, if, the position that then keeps each slide block; If not, then return step (4).
In the step (9), before moving slider, judge whether slide block can be moved to outside the guide rail earlier: if then send warning, and prompting can't be finished transient equilibrium; If not, moving slider then.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: by dynamic balance execution unit 2-1 is installed on rotor, 2-2 obtains the adjustment parameter of dynamic balance execution unit by the vibratory response that is caused by amount of unbalance of analyzing rotor 1, makes rotor 1 reach transient equilibrium.When the rotating speed of rotor 1 and mass distribution changed, the vibratory response of rotor 1 also changed accordingly, and processor 3 will reanalyse, calculate vibratory response, re-move the slide block 23 of dynamic balance execution mechanism, make rotor 1 reach transient equilibrium again.The upper surface that is installed in rotor is installed the force unbalance that four Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element 2-1 are used for eliminating rotor, and the couple unbalance that four vertical dynamic balance execution unit 2-2 are used for eliminating rotor is installed on the face of cylinder that is installed in rotor.
The trigger pip that the present invention uses Hall switch to begin image data as the phase reference and the data collecting card of dynamic balancing measurement.During rotor rotation, what Hall switch was exported at ordinary times is high level, when meeting with magnet steel with output low level, so rotor is whenever goed around, pulse of Hall switch output, this pulse inputs to capture card, and its rising edge begins the reference signal of image data as data collecting card; During the driving mechanism action, the power of drive motor is through pinion wheel, and gear wheel is passed to horn, thereby horn is rotated; The photoelectric encoder that is connected in the pinion wheel rotating shaft is converted to pulse train output with the rotating speed of pinion wheel rotating shaft, this pulse train inputs to data collecting card, external clock signal as the data collecting card sampling, no matter guarantee rotor rotating speed size, rotor is whenever goed around, and data collecting card is integer-period sampled
Individual, and the stationkeeping of sampled point.Having under the situation of amount of unbalance, rotor has periodic vibration, and upper and lower current vortex sensor is installed in the outside of rotor, rely on to detect the vibratory response to amount of unbalance that the gap variable quantity of itself and rotor is measured rotor; The output signal of upper and lower current vortex sensor inputs to data collecting card, as the input signal of data collecting card; Data collecting card starts after receiving the reference signal pulse, enters the state of preparing sampling, whenever receives an external clock signal pulse afterwards and gathers an input signal, has gathered
Individual back transfers data to computing machine by usb bus, finishes data acquisition one time.
Since root diameter bigger, circularity after machining can not be fine, rotor when rotated, the mismachining tolerance curve of rotor and vibration response curve same frequency, the same-phase of amount of unbalance, so before coming into operation, the mismachining tolerance curved measurement of rotor should be come out and its intrinsic reference record as system is got off; The method that obtains rotor mismachining tolerance curve is: be that rotor changes under extremely low rotating speed
Change, make the size of amount of unbalance be almost 0, system is through behind the data acquisition mentioned above, and capture card will collect the mismachining tolerance curve of rotor, and be transferred to processor.When calculating the amount of unbalance of rotor, earlier the mismachining tolerance in the vibration signal is removed, improve the accuracy of control.
Set a mark on rotor, make rotor whenever go around, mark sends a pulse signal, and the position of mark is on a slide block moving direction; And stipulate that the centre of gyration with rotor is an initial point, the line of described mark and described initial point is
Axle, the direction from described initial point to described mark is
To, and find according to the right-hand rule
The axle and
To,
The axle and
To, existing regulation
The axle and
That face of axle decision is last rectifying plane,
The axle and
That face of axle decision is
Face,
The axle and
That face of axle decision is
Face,
Face and
Face is formed the cylinder rectifying plane; In rotor outside, install vibration transducer in position near the rotor upper surface, vibration transducer under installing near the position of rotor lower surface, the face at last vibration transducer place is last test surfaces, the face at following vibration transducer place under test surfaces; Data collecting card is all gathered pivoted arm at every turn
The signal of individual turn over, upper and lower test surfaces upper rotor part mismachining tolerance curve is respectively
,
(
), record first vibration signal on the upper and lower test surfaces and be respectively
,
(
), second vibration signal is respectively on the upper and lower test surfaces
,
(
), the 3rd vibration signal is respectively on the upper and lower test surfaces
,
(
), the quality of movable part is
, movable part comprises transient equilibrium mass, feed screw nut, slide block and the bolt and nut that is used to connect.
(1) eliminate mismachining tolerance, obtain because the vibration signal that amount of unbalance causes:
（
）
(2) use from motion tracking correlation filtering method and eliminate undesired signal and obtain the vibration amplitude and the phase place of first vibration signal of rotor:
If the expression formula of first vibration response signal is on the last test surfaces
, down the expression formula of first vibration signal is on the test surfaces
(
), wherein
,
Be unbalanced signal,
,
Be interference noise;
If
,
(
)
Right
,
From
Summation:
Right
, wherein
, under abundant situation of sampling period:
Right
, wherein
, under abundant situation of sampling period:
So
,
So
,
The amplitude and the phase place of vibration of above test surfaces first vibration signal be respectively:
Similarly, use vibration amplitude and the phase place of eliminating undesired signal and obtaining first vibration response signal on the following test surfaces of rotor from the motion tracking correlation filtering mentioned above to be respectively:
Similarly, use vibration amplitude and the phase place of eliminating undesired signal and obtaining second, third vibration response signal on the upper and lower test surfaces of rotor from the motion tracking correlation filtering mentioned above to be respectively:
(3) use influence coefficient method to calculate the amount of unbalance of rotor:
Can be write first, second, third vibration signal of upper and lower test surfaces as vector form:
If when initial on the rotor amount of unbalance on rectifying plane and the cylinder rectifying plane be respectively
,
, the vibration response signal of corresponding upper and lower test surfaces is respectively first vibration response signal
,
, if the amount of unbalance on last rectifying plane and the cylinder rectifying plane to the influence coefficient of upper and lower test surfaces is respectively
,
,
,
, then
On the last rectifying plane
Axially,
The slide block moving displacement of axial dynamic balance execution unit
(wherein
For
Axial displacement,
For
Axial displacement is set on the occasion of expression and is moved to positive dirction, and negative value is represented to move to negative direction), then since on slide block on the rectifying plane move produce the force unbalance amount be
, keep test speed constant, then the vibration response signal of upper and lower test surfaces is second vibration signal at this moment:
(2)
Make on the rectifying plane
Axially,
Axially the slide block of dynamic balance execution unit moves to initial position, and makes
The slide block of the dynamic balance execution unit on the face is moving displacement respectively
,
, and make
The slide block of the dynamic balance execution unit on the face is moving displacement respectively
,
(set on the occasion of expression and move to positive dirction, negative value is represented to move to negative direction), then be what move generation couple unbalance amount owing to the slide block on the cylinder rectifying plane
, wherein
Be the turning radius of vertical direction dynamic balance execution unit slide block,
mBe the movable part quality, movable part comprises slide block, feed screw nut, transient equilibrium mass and connects the bolt and nut of usefulness that keep test speed constant, then the vibration response signal of upper and lower test surfaces is the 3rd vibration signal at this moment:
Can get by (1) and (2)
Can get by (1) and (3)
(5) substitution (1) can be got original unbalance is:
(4) and (5) substitutions (6) can be got:
(4) make the slide block of four dynamic balance execution unit in the cylinder rectifying plane move to initial position;
(5) displacement and the direction of the slide block of calculating three axial dynamic balance execution unit;
If initial unbalance,
The axle and
Component on the axle is respectively
,
, initial unbalance,
The plane and
Component in the plane is respectively
,
, then the initial unbalance, vector can be converted into plural form:
Then
Direction and
The distance that slide block on the direction need move is respectively
,
, and
Wherein
The turning radius for vertical direction dynamic balance execution unit slide block; Result of calculation on the occasion of the time represent to move to the positive dirction of corresponding coordinate axle, represent during for negative value to move to the negative direction of corresponding coordinate axle.
Embodiment two
With reference to Fig. 2,3,4,5
The difference part of present embodiment and embodiment two is: described trigger mechanism is opened in the groove on the face of cylinder of rotor, and described groove is with described vibration transducer is corresponding down.
The technical conceive of present embodiment is: by offer the trigger mechanism of making data collecting card with the vibration transducer corresponding groove on the periphery of rotor.When vibration transducer ran into groove, signal of sensor was undergone mutation, and the signal of this sudden change is promptly as triggering the trigger pip that described data collecting card is sampled.
The described content of this instructions embodiment only is enumerating the way of realization of inventive concept; protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as only limiting to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also reach in those skilled in the art conceive according to the present invention the equivalent technologies means that can expect.
Claims (10)
1. the tri-axial self-adaptive dynamic balance actuating unit that is used for hydro-extractor, it is characterized in that: comprise the horizontal direction of the rotor that is fixed in, respectively along the Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element of two its transient equilibrium masses of axial adjustment be fixed in the face of cylinder of rotor, the vertically vertical dynamic balance execution unit of its transient equilibrium mass of up-down adjustment and the implementation controller of control dynamic balance execution unit, each performance element is controlled by described implementation controller;
Described dynamic balance execution unit comprises and is fixed in described epitrochanterian base, be fixed on the guide rail on the described base, the slide block that is slidingly connected with described guide rail and promote described slide block along the reciprocating gear train of described guide rail is fixed in the transient equilibrium mass on the described slide block;
Described rotor is provided with the data collector of the periodic vibration response of the rotor that collection causes by amount of unbalance outward, and the amplitude that described data collector and can obtain the vibratory response that different aequums causes and phase place and original unbalance and the moving direction of each slide block and the processor of displacement of calculating rotor according to described amplitude and phasometer are connected.
2. the tri-axial self-adaptive dynamic balance actuating unit that is used for hydro-extractor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: four the Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance elements that evenly distribute on the described rotor, the guide rail conllinear of two relative Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance elements, the moving direction of slide block are opposite; The guide rail of two adjacent Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance elements is vertical mutually;
Even four vertical dynamic balance execution unit that distribute on the periphery of described rotor, the guide rail of all vertical dynamic balance execution unit is parallel to each other;
Any a pair of Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element must have a pair of vertical dynamic balance execution unit coplane with it.
3. the tri-axial self-adaptive dynamic balance actuating unit that is used for hydro-extractor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described data collector comprises on the rotary drive mechanism that is arranged on described rotor, the rotating speed of rotary drive mechanism can be converted to the photoelectric encoder of pulse sequence signal, the data collecting card that is connected with described photoelectric encoder, the trigger mechanism that whether vibrates and obtain the vibration transducer of vibration signal and trigger described data collecting card, make it begin to sample with described data acquisition card connection and inductiopn rotor;
With the pulse signal of described photoelectric encoder output external clock signal as data collecting card, with the vibration signal of described vibration transducer output input signal as data collecting card, the sampled signal that will obtain after will sampling to described vibration signal according to described external clock signal is as the output signal of described data collecting card, and described sampled signal is imported in the described processor.
4. the tri-axial self-adaptive dynamic balance actuating unit that is used for hydro-extractor as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described vibration transducer is a current vortex sensor.
5. the tri-axial self-adaptive dynamic balance actuating unit that is used for hydro-extractor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described trigger mechanism comprise be fixed in described epitrochanterian magnet steel and with the Hall switch of described data acquisition card connection, described rotor is whenever goed around, described Hall switch and described magnet steel meet once, and the described data collecting card of trigger action that described Hall switch and described magnet steel send when meeting is sampled.
6. the tri-axial self-adaptive dynamic balance actuating unit that is used for hydro-extractor as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described trigger mechanism is opened in the groove on the face of cylinder of rotor, and described groove is with described vibration transducer is corresponding down.
7. want the 5 or 6 described tri-axial self-adaptive dynamic balance actuating units that are used for hydro-extractor as right, it is characterized in that: described processor comprises when rotor slowly runs, obtain respectively and write down, the systematic error logging modle of the mismachining tolerance graph of errors of the rotor of following vibration transducer induction, when the rotor operate as normal, obtain respectively and write down, first cache module of first vibration signal that produces by rotor of following vibration transducer induction, the slide block of Horizontal Dynamic Balancing performance element is moved, and the execution module of record slide block moving direction and distance, obtain respectively and after the recording level slide block moves, on, second cache module of second vibration signal that produces by rotor of following vibration transducer induction, the slide block of vertical dynamic balance execution unit is moved, and the execution module of record slide block moving direction and distance, after obtaining respectively and writing down upright slide block and move, on, the 3rd cache module of the 3rd vibration signal that produces by rotor of following vibration transducer induction, respectively with first, second, mismachining tolerance in the 3rd vibration signal is removed, and the noise of filtering vibration signal, obtain the error module of going of the amplitude of vibration signal and phase place, according to first, second, the quality of the amplitude of the 3rd vibration signal and phase place and slide block and displacement, calculate the upper surface of rotor and the original unbalance on the cylinder with influence coefficient method, and described amount of unbalance is converted to the required mobile direction of slide block of each topworks and the computing module of distance.
8. the tri-axial self-adaptive dynamic balance actuating unit that is used for hydro-extractor as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: described gear train comprises stepper motor and screw mechanism, leading screw is connected with the output shaft of described motor, and feed screw nut and described mass are affixed; The both sides of described leading screw are provided with the limit switch of restriction slide block moving range respectively, the two ends of described leading screw are connected with base by supporting base respectively, be provided with bearing between described supporting base and the described screw mandrel, described supporting base is fixed in described base; Described stepper motor is controlled by described implementation controller.
9. the tri-axial self-adaptive dynamic balance actuating unit that is used for hydro-extractor as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described rotary drive mechanism comprises and the gear mechanism that drives described rotor rotation, gear wheel and described rotor coaxial setting, pinion wheel and described gear wheel engaged transmission, described photoelectric encoder is installed in the rotating shaft of described pinion wheel.
10. the tri-axial self-adaptive dynamic balance actuating unit that is used for hydro-extractor as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: described processor is by wireless communication apparatus and described implementation controller communication.
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| CN2010102421350A CN101949752B (en) | 2010-08-02 | 2010-08-02 | Triaxial adaptive dynamic-balance execution device for centrifuger |
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| CN112284618A (en) * | 2019-07-27 | 2021-01-29 | 九江精密测试技术研究所 | Dynamic balance adjusting device of high-precision precise centrifuge |
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