CN101948962A - Vacuum foaming method for preparing foamed aluminum/aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Vacuum foaming method for preparing foamed aluminum/aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101948962A CN101948962A CN201010286385.4A CN201010286385A CN101948962A CN 101948962 A CN101948962 A CN 101948962A CN 201010286385 A CN201010286385 A CN 201010286385A CN 101948962 A CN101948962 A CN 101948962A
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- aluminium
- aluminium alloy
- alloy melt
- melt
- tackify
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001250 2024 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013012 foaming technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum foaming method for preparing foamed aluminum/aluminum alloy, and belongs to the field of porous metal materials. The method aims at the defects of pore structure uniformity control, the long time and the low efficiency of foaming, the high cost and the difficult dispersion of a TiH2 foamer of the current melt foaming method for preparing the foamed aluminum/aluminum alloy, prepares the foamed aluminum/aluminum alloy by adopting a vacuum foaming method, and has the characteristics of uniform pore structure, high efficiency, low cost and applicability for industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the melt vacuum foaming preparation technology method in porous metal material field, particularly foamed aluminum.
Background technology
Foamed aluminum has characteristics such as lightweight, high specific strength, high specific stiffness, energy absorption, sound-absorbing noise abatement, damping vibration attenuation, in hi-techs such as space flight and aviation, naval vessels, automobile, Highrise buildings, noise control and civil area huge market potential is arranged.
At present, known foam melt method prepares foamed aluminum, employing be TiH
2As whipping agent, pass through TiH
2Decomposition produce gas and make the molten aluminium foaming and obtain.This method exists: (1) is because TiH
2Decomposition starting temperature (450 ℃) be lower than the fusing point of aluminium/aluminium alloy, thereby make TiH
2Too early too quick decomposition when dispersed with stirring and make its difficulties in dispersion, TiH usually
2The dispersed with stirring time can not surpass 100s, be the reason place of foamed aluminum structural uniformity control difficulty; (2) TiH
2Price more expensive, be to cause one of high reason of foamed aluminum production cost; (3) foamed time of known foam melt method is 5-10 minute, and the time is long, efficient is low.Thereby, improve the structural uniformity of foamed aluminum and pore structure controllability, adopt non-TiH
2Whipping agent foaming, shortening foamed time improve foaming efficient, are the important channels of improving foamed aluminum preparation technology, promoting the industrial application of foamed aluminum.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of vacuum foaming preparation method of foamed aluminum, its technical scheme comprises following processing step:
(1) tackify of aluminium/aluminium alloy melt: the raw material of employing is aluminium/aluminium alloy, aluminium/aluminium alloy is heated to the above 20-100 of its fusing point ℃ of fusing, insulation 30min., the calcium of aluminium/aluminium alloy melt weight 2-3% is added in the back in aluminium/aluminium alloy melt, stirred 8-20 minute with 1500 rev/mins stirring velocitys, make the viscosity of aluminium/aluminium alloy melt bring up to 1.8-2.5mPas;
(2) introducing of initial gas and homogenizing are handled: the gas of injection melt volume 5-10% in the aluminium/aluminium alloy melt of tackify, stirred 2-5 minute with 1000-3000 rev/min stirring velocity, gas is dispersed in the aluminium/aluminium alloy melt of tackify with the form of small pore;
(3) vacuum foaming: aluminium/aluminium alloy melt tackify, that contain small equal qi-emitting hole is inserted in the decompression storehouse, and the 5-20 that bleeds makes the air pressure in the decompression storehouse be reduced to 10 second
-3-10
-4Atm, the initial small air porous expanded aluminium/aluminium alloy melt that makes in aluminium/aluminium alloy melt foams, and after aluminium/aluminium alloy melt foam water cooled and solidified, obtains foamed aluminum.
Aluminium in described aluminium/aluminium alloy is commercial-purity aluminium, and described aluminium alloy is the alloy that aluminum substrate and alloying element Si, Cu, Mg, Zn constitute.
Inventive principle:
(1) vacuum foam theory
Under vacuum condition, along with reducing of external pressure, the volume of initial pore can rapid rapid expansion.
According to The Ideal-Gas Equation, have for isothermal process:
p
1V
1＝p
2V
2 (1)
(1) in the formula, P
1-normal atmosphere (atm), V
1Volume (the mm of small pore under the-normal pressure
3), P
2-decompression storehouse air pressure (atm), V
2Volume (the mm of pore under the-vacuum
3).
Pore is considered as spheroid, and then (1) formula is deformed into:
p
1r
1 3＝p
2r
2 3 (2)
(2) in the formula, r
1The radius of small pore (mm) under-normal pressure, r
2The radius of pore (mm) under-vacuum
Utilize (2) can calculate the volumetric expansion amount of initial pore, decompression storehouse air pressure is low more, and then the pore volumetric expansion is big more, but merges phenomenon because pore exists, and therefore, actual value is greater than theoretical value.Being provided with a diameter is the initial pore of 0.1mm, and normal atmosphere is 1atm, and when air pressure was reduced to 0.001atm, this initial pore can be expanded to the pore of diameter 1mm; When air pressure was reduced to 0.0001atm, then this initial pore can be expanded to the pore of diameter 2.15mm.
(2) the homogenizing principle of initial pore
Add calcium in aluminium/aluminium alloy melt and stir, the oxidation by calcium generates CaO, CaAl in melt
2O
4Deng oxide compound and aluminium/aluminium alloy melt viscosity is improved, initial pore and expansible pore could retain in aluminium/aluminium alloy melt, form stable melt foam, and solidify by water-cooled faster and to make the melt foamy structure remain the formation foamed aluminum.
In addition,, make the initial gas of introducing in tackifying fusant, be tiny, uniform distributions, for the even acquisition of foamy structure provides assurance by introducing, the stirring of initial gas.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: improve at the melt tackify on the basis of foamy structure stability, handle, utilize gas expansion characteristics under low pressure to prepare foamed aluminum, solve TiH in the known flux foaming technology by the introducing and the homogenizing of initial pore
2Expensive, the TiH of whipping agent
2Problems such as whipping agent difficulties in dispersion, the control of foamed aluminum structural uniformity and foaming efficient are low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention is further elaborated below by example, but content of the present invention is not limited to this.
(1) tackify of aluminium/aluminium alloy melt: the raw material of employing is commercial-purity aluminium (hereinafter to be referred as aluminium)/aluminium alloy, aluminium/aluminium alloy is heated to the above 20-100 of its fusing point ℃ of fusing, insulation 30min., the calcium of aluminium/aluminium alloy melt weight 2-3% is added in the back in aluminium/aluminium alloy melt, stirred 8-20 minute with 1500 rev/mins stirring velocitys, make the viscosity of aluminium/aluminium alloy melt bring up to 1.8-2.5mPas;
(2) introducing of initial gas and homogenizing are handled: the gas of injection melt volume 5-10% in the aluminium/aluminium alloy melt of tackify, stirred 2-5 minute with 1000-3000 rev/min stirring velocity, gas is dispersed in the aluminium/aluminium alloy melt of tackify with the form of small pore;
(3) vacuum foaming: aluminium/aluminium alloy melt tackify, that contain small equal qi-emitting hole is inserted in the decompression storehouse, and the 5-20 that bleeds makes the air pressure in the decompression storehouse be reduced to 10 second
-3-10
-4Atm, the initial small air porous expanded aluminium/aluminium alloy melt that makes in aluminium/aluminium alloy melt foams, and after aluminium/aluminium alloy melt foam water cooled and solidified, obtains foamed aluminum.
Embodiment 1:
The employing commercial-purity aluminium is a raw material, with commercial-purity aluminium be heated to 700 ℃ of fusings, the insulation 30min. obtain molten aluminium; In molten aluminium, add the calcium of molten aluminium weight 2%, stirred 10 minutes, make molten aluminium viscosity bring up to 1.9mPas with 1500 rev/mins stirring velocitys; Introduce the gas of melt volume content 5% in the molten aluminium of tackify, stir with 1000 rev/mins stirring velocitys and initial gas was uniformly dispersed in 2 minutes; Molten aluminium behind the tackify, that contain small pore is inserted in the decompression storehouse, bleed and made the air pressure in the decompression storehouse be reduced to 0.001atm in 6 seconds, the initial air porous expanded molten aluminium that makes foams, and obtains the foamed aluminium of porosity 75%, mean pore size 1.4mm after the molten aluminium foam water cooled and solidified.
Embodiment 2:
Adopting the Al-Si12 alloy is raw material, and the Al-Si12 alloy is heated to 650 ℃ of fusings, insulation 30min. gets the Al-Si12 alloy melt; In the Al-Si12 alloy melt, add the calcium of Al-Si12 alloy melt weight 2.5%, stirred 12 minutes, make Al-Si12 alloy melt viscosity bring up to 2.1mPas with 1500 rev/mins stirring velocitys; Introduce the gas of melt volume content 7% in the molten aluminium of tackify, stir with 1500 rev/mins stirring velocitys and initial gas was uniformly dispersed in 4 minutes; Al-Si12 alloy melt behind the tackify, that contain small pore is inserted in the decompression storehouse, bleed and made the air pressure in the decompression storehouse be reduced to 0.001atm in 8 seconds, the initial air porous expanded Al-Si12 flux foaming that makes obtains the Al-Si12 alloy foam of porosity 80%, mean pore size 2.2mm after the Al-Si12 melt foam cooled and solidified.
Embodiment 3:
Adopting 2024 aluminium alloys is raw material, and 2024 aluminium alloys are heated to 680 ℃ of fusings, insulation 30min. obtains 2024 aluminium alloy melts; In 2024 aluminium alloy melts, add the calcium of 2024 aluminium alloy melt weight 3%, stirred 15 minutes, make 2024 aluminium alloy melt viscosity bring up to 2.4mPas with 1500 rev/mins stirring velocitys; Introduce the gas of melt volume content 9% in 2024 aluminium alloy melts of tackify, stir with 2500 rev/mins stirring velocitys and initial gas was uniformly dispersed in 5 minutes; 2024 aluminium alloy melts behind the tackify, that contain small pore are inserted in the decompression storehouse, bleed and made the air pressure in the decompression storehouse be reduced to 0.0001 in 15 seconds, initial air porous expanded 2024 aluminium alloy melts that make foam, and obtain the 2024 aluminium alloy foams of porosity 89%, mean pore size 3.4mm after the 2024 aluminium alloy melt foam water cooled and solidified.
Claims (2)
1. the vacuum foaming preparation method of a foamed aluminum is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
(1) tackify of aluminium/aluminium alloy melt: the raw material of employing is aluminium/aluminium alloy, aluminium/aluminium alloy is heated to the above 20-100 of its fusing point ℃ of fusing, insulation 30min., the calcium of aluminium/aluminium alloy melt weight 2-3% is added in the back in aluminium/aluminium alloy melt, stirred 8-20 minute with 1500 rev/mins stirring velocitys, make the viscosity of aluminium/aluminium alloy melt bring up to 1.8-2.5mPas;
(2) introducing of initial gas and homogenizing are handled: the gas of injection melt volume 5-10% in the aluminium/aluminium alloy melt of tackify, stirred 2-5 minute with 1000-3000 rev/min stirring velocity, gas is dispersed in the aluminium/aluminium alloy melt of tackify with the form of small pore;
(3) vacuum foaming: aluminium/aluminium alloy melt tackify, that contain small equal qi-emitting hole is inserted in the decompression storehouse, and the 5-20 that bleeds makes the air pressure in the decompression storehouse be reduced to 10 second
-3-10
-4Atm, the initial small air porous expanded aluminium/aluminium alloy melt that makes in aluminium/aluminium alloy melt foams, and after aluminium/aluminium alloy melt foam water cooled and solidified, obtains foamed aluminum.
2. the vacuum foaming preparation method of foamed aluminum shaped piece according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the aluminium in described aluminium/aluminium alloy is commercial-purity aluminium, and described aluminium alloy is the alloy that aluminum substrate and alloying element Si, Cu, Mg, Zn constitute.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102863854A CN101948962B (en) | 2010-09-19 | 2010-09-19 | Vacuum foaming method for preparing foamed aluminum/aluminum alloy |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102863854A CN101948962B (en) | 2010-09-19 | 2010-09-19 | Vacuum foaming method for preparing foamed aluminum/aluminum alloy |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101948962A true CN101948962A (en) | 2011-01-19 |
| CN101948962B CN101948962B (en) | 2012-07-25 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103667764A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-03-26 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of zinc-aluminum alloy foam |
| CN104772448A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-15 | 新疆大学 | Foam and metal material layered casting-integral molding equipment and method |
| CN106316140A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-11 | 雷春生 | Method for preparing high-strength electric engineering noise elimination material |
| CN106735248A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of vacuum foam preparation method of aluminium foam sandwich plate |
| CN107475580A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-15 | 苏州飞伦利斯金属科技有限公司 | A kind of porous Al alloy and preparation method thereof |
| WO2021035813A1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-04 | 东北大学 | Device and method for preparing foamed aluminum material by means of air blowing |
| CN114908268A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-08-16 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Method for producing metal foam |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1994620A (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2007-07-11 | 中南大学 | Foamed aluminium or foamed aluminium alloy continuous casting system and continuous casting process |
| US20080314546A1 (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2008-12-25 | Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin Gmbh | Process for the Powder Metallurgy Production of Metal Foam and of Parts Made from Metal Foam |
-
2010
- 2010-09-19 CN CN2010102863854A patent/CN101948962B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
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| US20080314546A1 (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2008-12-25 | Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin Gmbh | Process for the Powder Metallurgy Production of Metal Foam and of Parts Made from Metal Foam |
| CN1994620A (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2007-07-11 | 中南大学 | Foamed aluminium or foamed aluminium alloy continuous casting system and continuous casting process |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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|---|
| 《材料导报》 20080131 罗洪杰 等 镁基多孔材料的研究现状与展望 第102-106页 1-2 第22卷, 第1期 2 * |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103667764A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-03-26 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of zinc-aluminum alloy foam |
| CN104772448A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-15 | 新疆大学 | Foam and metal material layered casting-integral molding equipment and method |
| CN106316140A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-11 | 雷春生 | Method for preparing high-strength electric engineering noise elimination material |
| CN106316140B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2019-01-01 | 徐琳 | A kind of preparation method of high intensity electrical engineering deadener |
| CN106735248A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of vacuum foam preparation method of aluminium foam sandwich plate |
| CN106735248B (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2019-06-11 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of vacuum foam preparation method of aluminium foam sandwich plate |
| CN107475580A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-15 | 苏州飞伦利斯金属科技有限公司 | A kind of porous Al alloy and preparation method thereof |
| WO2021035813A1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-04 | 东北大学 | Device and method for preparing foamed aluminum material by means of air blowing |
| CN114908268A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-08-16 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Method for producing metal foam |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101948962B (en) | 2012-07-25 |
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