CN101948363B - High-looseness high-sensitivity ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive for explosion welding and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-looseness high-sensitivity ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive for explosion welding and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101948363B CN101948363B CN2010102949802A CN201010294980A CN101948363B CN 101948363 B CN101948363 B CN 101948363B CN 2010102949802 A CN2010102949802 A CN 2010102949802A CN 201010294980 A CN201010294980 A CN 201010294980A CN 101948363 B CN101948363 B CN 101948363B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ammonium nitrate
- agent
- fuel oil
- modifying agent
- sensitivity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Abstract
The invention provides a high-looseness high-sensitivity ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive for explosion welding and a preparation method thereof. The high-looseness high-sensitivity ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is characterized by comprising a powdery compound modifying agent and aiming at solving the unsolved problems of easily serious agglomeration under severe environments of rainy reason, foggy days and the like, low detonation sensitivity during winter charge, poor explosion propagation property when a large board explodes and compounds during the practical use of the traditional porous ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive. The added powdery compound modifying agent comprises a crystal pattern transition agent, a dispersing agent, a lubricating agent, an absorbing agent and a centralite. The preparation method comprises the steps of: adding the compound modifying agent and the porous granulated ammonium nitrate together into an edge runner mill, raising the temperature to ensure that the porous ammonium nitrate is sensitized through crystal transition, and then adding fuel oil after the temperature is reduced, and evenly stirring and mixing at low temperature to obtain the modified porous ammonium oil explosive with good looseness, high detonation sensitivity and explosion propagation distance of exceeding 5m. The invention is especially suitable for the large-board compound explosive welding engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of explosive welding with ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of high loose high sensitivity ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Be main body oxygenant and to add oil fuel be the ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture that reductive agent is processed with the ammonium nitrate, be meant one type of low explosive with steady detonation speed in 2500～2800m/s scope.Because this type explosive does not adopt high explosives such as TNT or RDX as the blast energy; And raw material sources are abundant, component and preparation technology are simple; Production cost is cheaper; Also have than expanded explosive or powder breast explosive and be prone to characteristics such as cloth medicine, degree of packing plasticity be less, weld in the fields such as (compound), photoface exploision operation, city controlled blasting and metallic explosive moulding so settled the present still is widely used in metallic explosive.But in actual use, exist in rainy season, have and be prone to serious caking, technological deficiency such as low, the big plate blast of powder charge detonation sensitivity compound tense explosion transfer performance difference in the winter time under the severe environment such as mist.
In order to solve the above-mentioned defective of standard porous ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture, modern age, the countries in the world scientific and technical personnel developed the low explosive or the modified porous ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture of other kind: for example California, USA university to have developed explosion velocity be the fibrous explosive of low explosion velocity of 2000m/s; Japanese industry Institute for Research and Technology makes the perchloric acid urea series liquid low explosive of explosion velocity between 1700～2200m/s; The nineties, the low explosive that Chinese patent (patent No. ZL85 1 03347,1986) contriver proposition is made by secondary explosive and swelling perlite powder thinner; Institutes Of Technology Of Nanjing has applied for Chinese patent (the patent number of accepting 02137848.7,2002) subsequently, proposes with the energy of low explosion velocity expanded explosive as blast processing; Invented with common an ammonium nitrate, tensio-active agent, loose combustible agent by the Chinese patent (the patent number of accepting 200510021858.7,2005) of Nanhong Chemical Co., Ltd., Sichuan's application in the recent period and made with oil fuel and hang down into low explosive.Though foregoing invention has been done some improvement to the kind and the performance of explosive, all do not obtaining complete success aspect anti-caking of solution and the raising detonation sensitivity.Face explosive welding industry market demand, further study the preventing blocking technology and its detonation sensitivity of raising of this type explosive, become very urgent, the anxious further technical barrier of solution of treating.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art background, design the modified porous ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture that a kind of moistureproof agglomeration preventing performance and detonation sensitivity are superior to the standard product.
The present invention's design: realize above-mentioned purpose; Must seek a kind of polynary powdery composite modifying agent of constituent element performance complement; Join in the standard porous ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture, not only make the states of matter of mixture obviously loose, and under certain technological temperature; The crystal formation kind that the crystal phase transition of multi-hole nitramines is significantly improved for the autosensibilization characteristic, thereby be met the high loose high sensitivity ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture that explosive welding is used.So the loose high sensitivity porous of height of the present invention ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture is made up of oxygenant ammonium nitrate, reductive agent oil fuel and powdery composite modifying agent.This composite modifying agent must constituent element performance complement of design, can overcome the easy caking defective of porous ammonium nitrate, can significantly improve the polynary composite modifying agent system of porous ammonium nitrate detonation sensitivity again.For this reason, this composite modifying agent must become agent, dispersion agent, lubricant, sorbent material and centralite by crystalline substance and forms.Dispersion agent need be controlled the heterogeneous conversion characteristic of porous ammonium nitrate in the composition; It mainly acts on is the irreversible change or the slow variation of near the control porous ammonium nitrate crystalline form transformation temperature of porous ammonium nitrate; To keep goods to have the satisfactory stability crystalline form; Make goods of the present invention in storage period, be difficult for adhesion, keep good free-running property; Lubricant in the composition will play moistureproof hydrophobic effect, prevents the intrusion of an ammonium nitrate after ambient moisture is to modification; Low-density sorbent material is as carrier, and it is inner that other component of composite modifying agent is adsorbed on its reticulated structure, and can adsorb the moisture on porous ammonium nitrate surface, makes modified porous an ammonium nitrate keep loose condition (of surface); Centralite can absorb brilliant residual intergranular free acid and the micro-degradation production that becomes in the agent, improves heat-resistant quality of the present invention; The design of wherein brilliant change agent is the most key: brilliant change agent is cats product, and its main effect is to make the crystal of porous ammonium nitrate expansion deformation more than 85 ℃ or " accurate expanded ", transfers the significantly cubic crystalline form crystal of improvement of autosensibilization performance to;
According to above-mentioned design; The polynary composite powder modifying agent system of a constituent element performance complement of design: the crystalline substance of graining change effect becomes agent must adopt long-chain fat amine inorganic weak acid salt, and this type material must adopt octadecyl primary amine and weak acid (acetic acid, boric acid, phosphoric acid etc.) to carry out neutralization reaction and make; Dispersion agent must adopt and contain polar group-SO
4H ,-SO
3H ,-PO
4The AS of the plane configuration of H, this type material are various naphthalenesulfonates; Lubricant adopts the lower melting point film forming material, and this type material is: polyester, long chain fatty acids amides, longer chain fatty acid and its esters, stearyl alcohol, wax, TKK 021 etc.; The sorbent material employing contains the insoluble silicon-dioxide of HMP, has cancellated inertia breeze, and this type material is: sepiolite, wollastonite, brucite, zeyssatite, smectite, vermiculite etc.; Centralite adopts the phenylurea and the aniline category matter that can absorb residual intergranular acid and micro-degradation production, and this type material is: dimethyl-sym-diphenylurea, pentanoic, urea, diethyl diphenyl urea, thiocarbamide etc.
The loose high sensitivity ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture of height of the present invention, its composition by quality % is:
Ammonium nitrate 90.0～97.0
Oil fuel 2.9～8.6
Composite modifying agent 0.1～0.4
Wherein the composition of composite modifying agent by quality % is:
40～80 brilliant change agent: octadecyl primary amine phosphoric acid salt or octadecyl primary amine formate or ten
Eight kiber alkyl amine acetates or octadecyl primary amine borate
10～30 dispersion agents: dispersing agent MF or sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate or xylogen
Sodium sulfonate or TKK 021
4～8 lubricants: Triple Pressed Stearic Acid or Palmiticacid or stearyl alcohol or stearic amide
5～20 sorbent materials: sepiolite or kaolin or smectite or zeyssatite
0.2～2 centralite: urea or thiocarbamide or pentanoic or diethylammonium pentanoic
The best of the loose high sensitivity ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture of height of the present invention is formed:
94 ammonium nitrates
5.7 oil fuel
0.3 composite modifying agent
Wherein the best of composite modifying agent composition by quality % is:
70 brilliant change agent: octadecyl primary amine borate;
15 dispersion agents: dispersing agent MF;
6 lubricants: Triple Pressed Stearic Acid;
8 sorbent materials: sepiolite;
1 centralite: urea.
Preparing method's design of the present invention: at first will measure ammonium nitrate and composite modifying agent in wheel roller, the control material certain temperature range that heats up makes the brilliant change of ammonium nitrate sensitization; Cooling makes temperature of charge be lower than 45 ℃ then, adds metering fuel oil again, stirring and evenly mixing together, and discharging, packing can make the high loose high sensitivity ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture of the present invention.
The preparation of composite modifying agent: at first sorbent material is dried; After crystalline substance is become agent and lubricant is crushed to the regulation fineness respectively in ball mill or kibbler; Then in forming (quality %) ratio; With the sorbent material of metering, brilliant agent, dispersion agent, lubricant and the centralite of becoming, add in the stirrer together and puddle, can make Powdered composite modifying agent.
The present invention and present compared with techniques have the following advantages:
1 has successfully introduced the composite modifying agent composition that the ammonium nitrate modification is used with cats product brilliant change agent and AS simultaneously, has changed traditional outdated ideas that two types of tensio-active agents of zwitterion can not be used with of thinking.
The AS of 2 plane configurations is as dispersion agent; The irreversible change or the slow variation of control porous ammonium nitrate crystalline form near the transformation temperature of porous ammonium nitrate; To keep goods to have the satisfactory stability crystalline form; Make goods of the present invention shatter value >=95% in six months storage periods, and it is serious not add the goods caking of composite modifying agent, shatter value＜50%.
The brilliant change of 3 cats products agent has obviously improved the autosensibilization performance of porous ammonium nitrate, thereby has improved the detonation sensitivity of goods of the present invention greatly, can cancel the auxiliary cartridge bag that detonates, and has prolonged goods detonation and has stablized the propagation of explosion distance, has reduced the detonation critical thickness.
4 composite modifying agents of the present invention are applied in the porous ammonium nitrate, consumption few (be porous ammonium nitrate quality 0.1%～0.4%), and but effect is remarkable.
5 composite modifying agent raw material sources of the present invention are abundant, and preparation technology is simple, and is safe and convenient to use, so be easy to promote in the blast processing industry.
Embodiment
1 presses following optimum formula (quality %) implements:
94 ammonium nitrates
5.7 oil fuel
0.3 composite modifying agent
Wherein composite modifying agent is formed (quality %) enforcement by following the best;
70 brilliant change agent: octadecyl primary amine borate
15 dispersion agents: dispersing agent MF sodium
6 lubricants: Triple Pressed Stearic Acid
8 sorbent materials: sepiolite
1 centralite: urea
The preparation of composite modifying agent: at first the 8kg sepiolite is dried by the fire 4h in 80～90 ℃ baking oven, after 70kg octadecyl primary amine borate and 6kg Triple Pressed Stearic Acid are pulverized in rotating speed is the ball mill of 40r/min respectively, fineness needed more than the 425 μ m80%; Handle qualified raw material with dispersion agent dispersing agent MF sodium 15kg and urea 1Kg with above-mentioned three kinds then, add together in the stirrer of double-layer spiral structure, puddle 30～40min after, product is promptly processed in discharging.
Preparation of the present invention: at first ammonium nitrate 188kg and composite modifying agent 0.6Kg are joined in the wheel roller together, the control material that heats up is 85～95 ℃ of scopes, and wheel rolls nitre 20-25min, makes the brilliant change of ammonium nitrate sensitization; Cooling makes temperature of charge be lower than 45 ℃ then, adds metering fuel oil 11.4Kg again, adds together to stir to puddle the ripe 3～4min of sensitization, and discharging, packing can make the high loose high sensitivity ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture of the present invention.
Utilize the performance of the modified porous ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture that above-mentioned method of manufacture makes: outward appearance is loose, and through detecting, explosion velocity is 2600-2800m/s, satisfies explosive welding (compound) requirement; It is loose stable that goods are stored six months outward appearance physical conditions, shatter value >=95%, and it is serious not add the goods caking of composite modifying agent, shatter value＜50%.
2 by forming (quality %) enforcement as follows:
90 ammonium nitrates
8.6 oil fuel
0.4 composite modifying agent
Wherein composite modifying agent is implemented by following form (quality %):
40 brilliant change agent: octadecyl primary amine phosphoric acid salt
30 dispersion agents: sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate
8 lubricants: stearic amide
20 sorbent materials: kaolin
2 centralite: thiocarbamide
Preparation of the present invention is with reference to embodiment 1.
The modified porous ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture that utilizes the present invention to make is applied to the operation of blast processing composite plate, and explosive fluidity is good, is prone to the cloth medicine, and it is compound normal to explode.
3 by forming (quality %) enforcement as follows:
97 ammonium nitrates
2.9 oil fuel
0.1 composite modifying agent
Wherein composite modifying agent is implemented by following form (quality %):
80 brilliant change agent: octadecyl primary amine formate
10 dispersion agents: sodium lignosulfonate
4 lubricants: Palmiticacid
5.8 sorbent material: smectite
0.2 centralite: pentanoic
Preparation of the present invention is with reference to embodiment 1.
Utilize the present invention, the compound big board size that is applied to explode (the compound plate welding operation (titanium and general steel plate) of 3m * 10m), and contrast with the welding operation effect of standard ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture, referring to table 1.
The big plate composite effect contrast table of table 1
Show from the contrast composite effect: under this cloth medicinal strip spare of goods of the present invention, detonation sensitivity is high, and the propagation of explosion distance is longer than standard ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture, and historical facts or anecdotes has showed the normal Compound Machining of big plate.
4 by forming (quality %) enforcement as follows:
96 ammonium nitrates
3.8 oil fuel
0.2 composite modifying agent
Wherein composite modifying agent is implemented by following form (quality %):
60 brilliant change agent: octadecyl primary amine acetate
20 dispersion agents: TKK 021
5 lubricants: stearyl alcohol
14.5 sorbent material: zeyssatite
0.5 centralite: diethylammonium pentanoic
Preparation of the present invention is with reference to embodiment 1.
Adopt the linkage analysis (TGA-DTA method) of Q600 type differential scanning calorimetric thermogravimetric analysis, studied the kinetics of thermal decomposition of goods of the present invention, the heat decomposition temperature detected result is referring to table 2.
Table 2 TGA-DTA test-results
Visible from table 2: it is hot that goods of the present invention have an anti-height than forefathers goods, and particularly the high technology temperature of 267 ℃ of the initial heat decomposition temperatures of goods of the present invention when making ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture is 100 ℃, so production use safety.
Claims (2)
1. an explosive welding is with high loose high sensitivity ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture, is made up of ammonium nitrate, oil fuel and the Powdered composite modifying agent that can improve ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture states of matter free-running property and detonation sensitivity, and its component by quality % is:
Ammonium nitrate 90.0～97.0
Oil fuel 2.9～8.6
Composite modifying agent 0.1～0.4
Wherein the component of composite modifying agent by quality % is:
40～80 brilliant change agent: octadecyl primary amine phosphoric acid salt or octadecyl primary amine formate or octadecyl primary amine acetate or octadecyl primary amine borate
10～30 dispersion agents: dispersing agent MF or sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate or sodium lignosulfonate or TKK 021
4～8 lubricants: Triple Pressed Stearic Acid or Palmiticacid or stearyl alcohol or stearic amide
5～20 sorbent materials: sepiolite or kaolin or smectite or zeyssatite
0.2～2 centralite: urea or thiocarbamide or pentanoic or diethylammonium pentanoic.
2. the loose high sensitivity ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture of height according to claim 1 is characterized in that its component by quality % is:
94 ammonium nitrates
5.7 oil fuel
0.3 composite modifying agent
Wherein the component of composite modifying agent by quality % is:
70 brilliant change agent: octadecyl primary amine borate;
15 dispersion agents: dispersing agent MF;
6 lubricants: Triple Pressed Stearic Acid;
8 sorbent materials: sepiolite;
1 centralite: urea.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102949802A CN101948363B (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2010-09-29 | High-looseness high-sensitivity ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive for explosion welding and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102949802A CN101948363B (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2010-09-29 | High-looseness high-sensitivity ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive for explosion welding and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101948363A CN101948363A (en) | 2011-01-19 |
| CN101948363B true CN101948363B (en) | 2012-05-02 |
Family
ID=43452013
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102949802A Expired - Fee Related CN101948363B (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2010-09-29 | High-looseness high-sensitivity ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive for explosion welding and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101948363B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102503741B (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2013-09-18 | 殷海权 | Water-soluble pore-forming agent used for bulky porous granular ammonium nitrate with high oil absorptivity |
| CN108406078B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2020-10-20 | 安徽江南化工股份有限公司 | Protection method for explosive welding of emulsion explosive |
| CN108002964A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-05-08 | 山西同德化工股份有限公司 | Low detonation velocity powdery emulsifying explosive based on sodium sulphate |
| CN111018634B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-08-03 | 南京理工大学 | Formula of HMX-TNT-based fusion-cast explosive viscosity reducer |
| CN111704514B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2023-12-08 | 安徽江南化工股份有限公司 | Powdery emulsion explosive anti-caking agent |
| CN111908987A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-10 | 宜兴市阳生化工有限公司 | Low-detonation-velocity small-diameter powdery emulsion explosive |
| CN112919996B (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-02-11 | 巴彦淖尔盛安化工有限责任公司 | Low-density porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation system thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1597645A (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2005-03-23 | 殷海权 | Crystal shape modifier for anmonium nitrate |
| CN101544524A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2009-09-30 | 北京星宇惠龙科技发展有限责任公司 | Anfo explosive and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2010
- 2010-09-29 CN CN2010102949802A patent/CN101948363B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1597645A (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2005-03-23 | 殷海权 | Crystal shape modifier for anmonium nitrate |
| CN101544524A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2009-09-30 | 北京星宇惠龙科技发展有限责任公司 | Anfo explosive and manufacturing method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101948363A (en) | 2011-01-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101948363B (en) | High-looseness high-sensitivity ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive for explosion welding and preparation method thereof | |
| US2590054A (en) | Process of producing ammonium nitrate-containing composition | |
| CN102992923B (en) | Preparation method of benzotrifuroxan (BTF) and trinitrotoluene (TNT) cocrystallized explosive | |
| CN103113173A (en) | Composite additive for high-strength high temperature and high moisture resisting porous granular nitramine | |
| CN103333034A (en) | Nano nickel oxide coated modified boron fuel and preparation methods thereof | |
| CN102603442A (en) | Safe and environment-friendly initiating explosive substituent and preparation method thereof | |
| US2441248A (en) | Fast burning delay fuze | |
| CN106699490A (en) | Safety airbag igniting powder composition and preparation method of safety airbag igniting powder composition | |
| CN101143801A (en) | Ammonium nitrate modifier and preparing method thereof | |
| CN113376208A (en) | Application of molybdenum in improving reaction performance of boron-containing energetic material | |
| CN100425580C (en) | Method and equipment for preparing powder explosive | |
| CN102992924B (en) | Preparation method of benzotrifuroxan (BTF) and 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) cocrystallized explosive | |
| CN111138236B (en) | 1,2, 4-triazole nitrate coated boron-magnesium composite metal powder fuel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102992925A (en) | Method for preparing BTF-HNIW (benzotrifuroxan- hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane) eutectic explosive | |
| CN106631642A (en) | High-energy mixed explosive containing titanium powder and preparation method of high-energy mixed explosive | |
| CN102850150B (en) | The powder porous ammonium nitrate explosive of ternary component and manufacture method thereof and using method | |
| CN1067043A (en) | Powder ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation method thereof | |
| US2604391A (en) | Gas-producing nondetonating composition | |
| CN1066838A (en) | Flocculent non-sensitizing agent ammonium nitrate explosive and its manufacturing process | |
| US3475237A (en) | Boron fuel-salt smoke-producing compositions | |
| CN102219701B (en) | Energetic salt and preparation method thereof | |
| NO134898B (en) | ||
| Ren et al. | A simple and efficient strategy for constructing nitrogen-rich isomeric salts and cocrystal through pKa calculation | |
| US3291659A (en) | Ammonium nitrate disks | |
| US3009801A (en) | Sensitized ammonium nitrate explosive and method of manufacture |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120502 Termination date: 20170929 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |