Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve when utilizing traditional FMT that the TiAl inter-metallic compound material is forged that the blank that exists is too fast to the mould heat radiation, resistance of deformation big, the mould damage is serious, forging and molding is difficult to problems such as completion, proposes a kind of two chambers high temperature forging building mortion and method of TiAl intermetallic compound kind forging.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of taking to be:
Two chambers high temperature forging building mortion of TiAl intermetallic compound kind forging of the present invention comprises blank high-temperature heating element, mould high-temperature heating element, punch and die; Said building mortion also comprises blank heating chamber, mold heated chamber and active clapboard; Be provided with active clapboard between the adjacent setting in said blank heating chamber and the two, can realize through spurring active clapboard up and down that the burner hearth of burner hearth and the mold heated chamber of blank heating chamber connects each other, the burner hearth of the burner hearth of blank heating chamber and mold heated chamber is separate with the mold heated chamber; The working end of punch, die all places mold heated indoor, and punch passes the upper end wall body of mold heated chamber, and die passes the lower end wall body of mold heated chamber, and punch, die are installed on the forcing press, and punch, die and mold heated chamber are independently; The mold heated chamber is a complete stove, and mold heated chamber upper and lower side has been opened the hole of a punch-die size, lets punch-die put in the stove and works; The profile of punch constitutes TiAl intermetallic compound kind forging die cavity with corresponding up and down setting of the profile of die; Said blank heating chamber and mold heated chamber are the confined chamber body; At the indoor blank high-temperature heating element that is provided with of blank heating, the last lower wall of mold heated chamber is provided with the mould high-temperature heating element.
Utilize two chambers high temperature forging manufacturing process of the TiAl intermetallic compound kind forging of the above-mentioned building mortion of right to realize according to following steps:
Step 1, TiAl intermetallic compound forge piece blank reheating put into heat on the indoor material carrier platform of blank heating and be incubated, meanwhile, forging mold punch and die are heated and be incubated in that mold heated is indoor; Punch and die are heated to 800 ℃~1000 ℃, TiAl intermetallic compound forge piece blank reheating is heated to 1230 ℃~1300 ℃;
Step 2, when forging mold punch and die reach predetermined temperature; And after TiAl intermetallic compound forge piece blank reheating heat tracing finishes; Open the movable thermal insulation board between blank heating chamber and the mold heated chamber; It is indoor that TiAl intermetallic compound forge piece blank reheating is pushed into mold heated along material carrier platform from the blank heating chamber, and clamping is put within the die cavity of die;
Step 3, close active clapboard, blank heating chamber fire door and mold heated chamber fire door, prepare to forge;
Step 4, forging: punch, die carry out matched moulds, pressurize under the press effect, accomplish forging process; The mold cavity internal shaping that TiAl intermetallic compound forge piece blank reheating constitutes at punch, die, thus TiAl intermetallic compound forging finished product obtained.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts independent two heating clambers adjacent and that can connect to heat blank and forging mold respectively; Avoid blank in traditional forging process to move to a large amount of losses of heat the mold cavity process, TiAl intermetallic compound high temperature forging is shaped is easy to accomplish from heating furnace.The essence of the inventive method is to use a cover to have the heating system of the adjacent and heating clamber that can connect of two independence, respectively with forging mold and blank heating to different temperature, and can the loss of blank empty calory be moved quickly into and carry out forging and molding on the mould.
One, adopt independent two heating clambers adjacent and that can connect to heat blank and forging mold respectively, TiAl intermetallic compound blank 1 is fast moving in blank heating chamber 7 and mold heated chamber 16 all the time, and thermal loss is controlled at minimum degree.Effectively alleviate the high problem of resistance of deformation that causes owing to thermal loss in the forging process, made forging and molding carry out easily.
Two, process mold heated temperature of the present invention is 800 ℃~1000 ℃, is lower than 1230 ℃~1300 ℃ of TiAl intermetallic compound blank heating, can adopt high temperature alloy to make forging mold, has avoided the serious problem of mould damage in the forging process simultaneously.
Three, because temperature reduces situation during the TiAl blank deformation alleviation, resistance of deformation raise not obviously, improved the yield rate and the stock utilization of forged article, and effectively improved forging structure property and mechanical property.The corresponding increase of blank deformation amount in every time forging and molding has reduced the forging passage simultaneously, has reduced the energy loss that repeats to heat, and enhances productivity, rationally controlled production cost effectively.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 that this embodiment is described; Two chambers high temperature forging building mortion of the described TiAl intermetallic compound kind of this embodiment forging comprises blank high-temperature heating element 5, mould high-temperature heating element 19, punch 14 and die 17; It is characterized in that: said building mortion also comprises blank heating chamber 7, mold heated chamber 16 and active clapboard 10; Be provided with active clapboard 10 between said blank heating chamber 7 and the 16 adjacent settings of mold heated chamber and the two; Can realize that through spurring active clapboard 10 up and down the burner hearth of blank heating chamber 7 and the burner hearth of mold heated chamber 16 connect (when active clapboard 10 upwards draws and moves each other; Can realize that the burner hearth of blank heating chamber 7 and the burner hearth of mold heated chamber 16 connect each other), the burner hearth of the burner hearth of blank heating chamber 7 and mold heated chamber 16 is separate (when active clapboard 10 inserts downwards; The burner hearth of burner hearth and mold heated chamber 16 that can realize blank heating chamber 7 is separate, does not promptly connect); The working end of punch 14, die 17 places all that (punch 14 passes the upper end wall body of mold heated chamber 16 in the mold heated chamber 16; Die 17 passes the lower end wall body of mold heated chamber 16; Punch, die are installed on the forcing press, and punch, die and heating clamber are independently; Mold heated chamber 16 is complete stoves; Just mold heated chamber 16 upper and lower sides have been opened the hole of a punch-die size; Punch-die can be put in the stove works), the profile of punch 14 constitutes TiAl intermetallic compound kind forging die cavity with corresponding up and down setting of the profile of die 17; Said blank heating chamber 7 is the confined chamber body with mold heated chamber 16; In blank heating chamber 7, be provided with blank high-temperature heating element 5, the last lower wall of mold heated chamber 16 is provided with mould high-temperature heating element 19.
The chamber of blank heating described in this embodiment 7 should be closely adjacent with mold heated chamber 16, and said active clapboard 10 is a thermal baffle.
The said punch of this embodiment 14, die 17 should select high-temperature alloy material to process, because the operating temperature of punch 14, die 17 is more generally forged higher (800 ℃~1000 ℃).
The specific embodiment two: combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 that this embodiment is described; The said blank heating of this embodiment chamber 7 comprises blank heating chamber body of heater 3 and blank heating chamber fire door 8, and said blank heating chamber fire door 8 is installed on the sidewall away from the blank heating chamber body of heater 3 of mold heated chamber 16.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 that this embodiment is described; The said mold heated of this embodiment chamber 16 comprises mold heated chamber body of heater 20 and mold heated chamber fire door 18, and said mold heated chamber fire door 18 is installed on the sidewall away from the mold heated chamber body of heater 20 of blank heating chamber 7.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment two.
The specific embodiment four: combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 that this embodiment is described; The said building mortion of this embodiment also comprises material carrier platform 6; Said material carrier platform 6 is positioned at the burner hearth of blank heating chamber 7 and mold heated chamber 16; Be that said material carrier platform 6 parts place on the bottom face of blank heating chamber body of heater 3, another part of said material carrier platform 6 places on the bottom face of mold heated chamber body of heater 20, and the end face of another part of said material carrier platform 6 contacts with die 17.Material carrier platform 6 is used to carry blank, and can be under the situation of opening active clapboard 10, blank 1 is sent into from blank heating chamber 7 be positioned at mold heated chamber 16, is convenient to operation.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment three.
The specific embodiment five: combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 that this embodiment is described; The said blank heating of this embodiment chamber 7 also comprises alumina silicate heat-insulation layer 4 (lightweight alumina silicate heat-insulation layer), and said blank heating chamber body of heater 3 all adopts the higher high temperature refractory fireclay block material of intensity to process with material carrier platform 6; On the inner surface of blank heating chamber body of heater 3 and material carrier platform 6, lay alumina silicate heat-insulation layer 4.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment four.
The specific embodiment six: combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 that this embodiment is described, the said active clapboard of this embodiment 10, blank heating chamber fire door 8 and mold heated chamber fire door 18 all adopt the zirconia insulation material to process.Select the zirconia insulation material for use, have the convenient simultaneously unlatching of good heat insulation effect.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment three, four or five.
The specific embodiment seven: combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 that this embodiment is described; The said mold heated of this embodiment chamber 16 also comprises carborundum mold heated layer 15; Said mold heated chamber body of heater 20 is processed by aluminum silicate insulation material; The inner surface of lower wall is respectively equipped with carborundum mold heated layer 15 on the body of heater 20 of mold heated chamber, and said mould high-temperature heating element 19 is arranged in the carborundum mold heated layer 15.Other composition and annexation and specific embodiment six phase are together.
The specific embodiment eight: combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 that this embodiment is described, the said blank high-temperature heating element 5 of this embodiment is a silicon molybdenum heating rod; Said mould high-temperature heating element 19 is a resistance wire.Mold heated chamber 16 operating temperatures are in 800 ℃~1000 ℃, adopt resistance wire 19 heating to get final product satisfied temperature requirement.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment one, two, three, four, five or seven.
The specific embodiment nine: combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 that this embodiment is described; The said building mortion of this embodiment also comprises two cooled plate 12 and two asbestos boards 13; Have many water channels 11 on each cooled plate 12, the lower surface of the upper surface of punch 14, die 17 respectively is provided with a cooled plate 12; Respectively be provided with asbestos board 13 between punch 14 and the cooled plate 12 and between die 17 and the cooled plate 12.Can make mould uniformity of temperature profile in heating, forming process like this, thermal loss is little, has improved the efficiency of heating surface.Feed circulating water cooling during work, prevent that template from producing distortion, damage mould or former under the long-time big stress state of high temperature.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment eight.
The specific embodiment ten: combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 that this embodiment is described; This embodiment is the manufacturing process that utilizes compounds forging between the form metal of the said building mortion of arbitrary specific embodiment in the specific embodiment one to nine, and two chambers high temperature forging manufacturing process of TiAl intermetallic compound kind forging is realized according to following steps:
Step 1, TiAl intermetallic compound forge piece blank reheating 1 put into heat on the material carrier platform 6 of blank heating chamber 7 and be incubated, meanwhile, in mold heated chamber 16, forging mold punch 14 and die 17 are heated and be incubated; Punch 14 and die 17 are heated to 800 ℃~1000 ℃, TiAl intermetallic compound forge piece blank reheating 1 is heated to 1230 ℃~1300 ℃;
Step 2, when forging mold punch 14 and die 17 reach predetermined temperature; And after TiAl intermetallic compound forge piece blank reheating 1 heat tracing finishes; Open the movable thermal insulation board 10 between blank heating chamber 7 and the mold heated chamber 16; TiAl intermetallic compound forge piece blank reheating 1 is pushed in the mold heated chamber 16 from blank heating chamber 7 along material carrier platform 6, and clamping is put within the die cavity of die 17;
Step 3, close active clapboard 10, blank heating chamber fire door 8 and mold heated chamber fire door 18, prepare to forge;
Step 4, forging: punch 14, die 17 carry out matched moulds, pressurize under the press effect, accomplish forging process; The mold cavity internal shaping that TiAl intermetallic compound forge piece blank reheating 1 constitutes at punch 14, die 17, thus TiAl intermetallic compound forging finished product 2 obtained.
The intermetallic compound of TiAl described in this embodiment forging blank 1 is Ti3Al, Ti2Al, TiAl, TiAl3 or TiAl2Nb.
The said method of this embodiment; Before to blank 1 and forging mold (punch 14 and die 17) heating, can active clapboard 10 be closed (i.e. insertion downwards), separate with the burner hearth of the burner hearth of guaranteeing blank heating chamber 7 and mold heated chamber 16; Do not connect mutually, guarantee heats.
The said method of this embodiment, before forging, the stride that carries out the mould Installation and Debugging earlier: punch 14, die 17 are installed on forcing press, need between mould and press, be laid cooled plate 12 simultaneously.And between mould and cooled plate 12, fill asbestos board insulation material (asbestos board 13); Mould is aligned, adjust forcing press moved cross beam bottom dead centre, to make things convenient for next step forging.
Set forth as follows again to the present invention:
Device according to the invention is designed to the mode of heating of two chambers heating according to forging and mold shape.Device according to the invention has the heating clamber that two independence is adjacent and can connect, and two heating clambers are respectively blank heating chamber 7 and mold heated chamber 16.Each heating clamber all has independently temperature heating, measurement, control system and leads to extraneous fire door.Separate the active clapboard 10 of two heating clambers and process, do not have heat flow down in working order and be easy to unlatching to guarantee two heating clambers by the zirconia light heat insulation material.Active clapboard 10 can be movable, makes things convenient for blank 1 to move to mold heated chamber 16 from blank heating chamber 7.Material carrier platform 6 is used to carry blank, and can be under the situation of opening active clapboard 10, blank 1 is sent into from blank heating chamber 7 be positioned at mold heated chamber 16, and mold cavity is put in clamping.The purpose of doing like this be exactly in traditional forging process blank move to a large amount of losses of heat the mold cavity process from heating furnace.The heating element heater of two heating clambers, insulation material should be selected corresponding material according to its operating temperature separately.Blank heating chamber 7 operating temperatures are in 1230 ℃~1300 ℃; Adopt high-temperature heating element silicon molybdenum heating rod 5 to heat; Blank heating chamber body of heater 3, material carrier platform 6 are owing to there is the requirement of structural strength aspect; All adopt the higher high temperature refractory fireclay block material of intensity, and lay the lightweight aluminum silicate insulation material to reach better heat insulation effect with the surface that is exposed to heating clamber in the junction of refractory brick.Blank heating chamber fire door 8 is selected the zirconia insulation material for use, has the convenient simultaneously unlatching of good heat insulation effect.Mold heated chamber 16 operating temperatures are in 800 ℃~1000 ℃; Adopt resistance wire 19 heating to get final product satisfied temperature requirement; Mold heated chamber burner hearth 15 is processed by carbofrax material; Light filling aluminum silicate insulation material in the heat-insulation layer 20 (mold heated chamber body of heater 20), the mold heated chamber fire door 18 same light heat insulation material zirconias of selecting.
Two heating clambers: blank heating chamber 7, mold heated chamber 16 should be closely adjacent; Like this can so that TiAl intermetallic compound blank 1 fast as far as possible among blank heating chamber 7 moves to the mold cavity the mold heated chamber 16, reduce thermal loss to greatest extent.Fully thermal insulation of dividing plate 10 simultaneously makes under dividing plate 10 closure states, not have heat flow between two heating clambers in the course of work, and when preventing to work long hours, mold heated chamber 16 temperature exceed the design scope of application, and body of heater and mould are caused damage.
Because the general forging of operating temperature (800 ℃~1000 ℃) is higher; Punch 14, die 17 materials should be selected high temperature alloy; And filling asbestos board thermal insulation board 13 up and down between mould and the cooled plate 12; Make mould uniformity of temperature profile in heating, forming process, thermal loss is little, has improved the efficiency of heating surface like this.Need between mould and press, lay cooled plate 12 simultaneously, on cooled plate 12, process water channel 11, feed circulating water cooling during work, prevent that template from producing distortion, damage mould or former under the long-time big stress state of high temperature.
During work, mold heated chamber 16 and blank heating chamber 7 are heated forging mold 14,17 and TiAl intermetallic compound forging blank 1 respectively and are incubated.Concrete heating schedule needs to calculate acquisition according to the blank size with reference to the Forging Technology handbook.Mold heated to 800 ℃~1000 ℃, and blank heating to 1230 ℃~1300 ℃.
After mould reaches predetermined temperature, and TiAl blank 1 heat tracing finishes, open the thermal insulation board 10 between two chambers, utilize fire tongs or similar means that blank 1 is pushed into mold heated chamber 16 along material carrier platform 6 from blank heating chamber 7, and clamping is put within the mold cavity.Because blank 1 moves in the atmosphere of heating all the time, does not experience room temperature environment, this has just been avoided in the conventional forging process process blank to transfer to the thermal loss the mold cavity from heating furnace to the full extent.