CN101936823B - Method for sampling large-sized unsaturated structural undisturbed soil samples - Google Patents
Method for sampling large-sized unsaturated structural undisturbed soil samples Download PDFInfo
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- CN101936823B CN101936823B CN2010102919046A CN201010291904A CN101936823B CN 101936823 B CN101936823 B CN 101936823B CN 2010102919046 A CN2010102919046 A CN 2010102919046A CN 201010291904 A CN201010291904 A CN 201010291904A CN 101936823 B CN101936823 B CN 101936823B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for sampling large-sized unsaturated structural undisturbed soil samples. The method comprises the following steps of: determining a sampling place, and artificially and transversely enlarging a working surface at a position of a designed sampling soil layer without plant root and stem, cracks, impurities or interlayer; digging the sample pit into a step shape; segmenting the step into large earthwork units from the upper layer; taking out the units integrally manually, and marking upper and lower surfaces clearly; cutting the large earthwork units into designed size soil samples by using a panel saw, and marking upper and lower surfaces clearly; coating the soil samples with a gauze, and performing wax sealing with paraffin wax; packaging by using a plastic film, filling in a carton, blocking clearances with soft materials, and sealing the carton; and conveying the carton filled with the soil samples to a road with good road condition manually, and delivering the carton. The method can minimize the disturbance degree of the soil samples, and meets the requirement that the unsaturated structural undisturbed soil samples maintains the physical and mechanical properties in sampling, protecting and transporting processes, so that the test result is more accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geotechnical Engineering soil test technique field; Relate to a kind of sampling method; It specifically is the sampling method of the structural undisturbed soil sample of a kind of large scale unsaturation; This method can be taken out the structural undisturbed soil sample of large scale unsaturation under low state of disturbance from former soil layer, protect and be carried to the test place.
Background technology
Take in the process at existing undisturbed soil sample, the method that often adopts has:
1. on the sampling depth of design, at first cut out platform, put the iron sheet square box of making in advance then; Dig with under the continued, iron sheet is pressed into slowly, slightly exceed the iron sheet top margin until soil block while digging; Soil block is dug out, and the equating above and below covers the iron sheet lid; Rubber belt sealing is used at the scene, fills in and adhesive label.
2. after using rig to be drilled into clear hole, sample position; With the uncovered ST of heavy wall with drilling rod connect put into the hole at the bottom of, then kelly is mentioned enough height, unclamp the elevator brake; ST and supporting drilling rod free-falling; The kinetic energy that ST relies on top rod to fall to producing pours soil layer fast, cuts soil sample.
3. after using rig to be drilled into clear hole, sample position; With the uncovered ST of heavy wall with drilling rod connect put into the hole at the bottom of, mark is installed at the drilling rod top is then passed through test and make bar, drilling rod is carried out relative fixed; The method of passing through test with mark is at the uniform velocity squeezed into soil layer with ST, cuts soil sample.
The soil sample of using above several method to obtain, size is less, and the soil sample disturbance is big, and different soil basketing methods are bigger to the test findings influence, can not well keep the structural of soil sample; Preserve and transportation resources does not provide on related specifications yet, the soil sample preservation effect is not good, and the time is shorter, and soil sample is being taked and the soil sample change in physical is bigger in transit.Adopt this type of to fetch earth and safeguard original state appearance that the method for soil sample is taked carry out conventional geotechnological shop experiment still can, can not satisfy and adopt original state appearance to carry out in large geotechnical test (large geotechnical centrifugal model test etc.) process and mechanical property keeps and requirement on the holding time soil sample size, carrying maintenance, level of disruption, physics.
Summary of the invention
Defective or deficiency to the prior art existence; The objective of the invention is to; The sampling method of the structural undisturbed soil sample of a kind of large scale unsaturation is provided, and this method can be taken out the structural undisturbed soil sample of large scale unsaturation under low state of disturbance from former soil layer, protect and be carried to the test place.Institute's soil sampling can satisfy employing original state appearance and carry out in large geotechnical test (large geotechnical centrifugal model test etc.) process soil sample size, carrying maintenance, level of disruption, physical property maintenance and the requirement on the holding time.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical assignment, the present invention adopts following technical solution:
The sampling method of the structural undisturbed soil sample of a kind of large scale unsaturation is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 in the place of fetching earth of drafting, is used the hand excavation hole of taking a sample, and observes the design sample soil layer and has or not plant roots and stems, crack, impurity and interlayer, if there is plant roots and stems, crack, impurity and the interlayer phenomenon place of then will fetching earth to change near extremely position;
Step 2, in the position of no plant roots and stems, free from flaw, inclusion-free and interlayer, the horizontal expansion workplace; To take a sample to cheat and excavate into step shape; Begin step is divided into large-scale cubic metre of earth of unit from the upper strata after being shaped, adopt manual work that whole unit is taken out, and SD soil block above and below;
Step 3 uses panel saw to cut into several soil samples large-scale cubic metre of earth unit according to the soil sample design size, use cutter to scabble six faces of soil sample after, SD soil sample upper and lower to;
Step 4 is used close order gauze parcel soil sample and numbering mark, re-uses fixedly gauze and sealing of adhesive tape, and the liquid paraffin after then using hairbrush with hot melt is brushed on gauze uniformly, leaves standstill to the paraffin condensation;
Step 5 with the soil sample numbering, and is used plastic film packaging, uses adhesive tape fixed plastics film again, is provided with in the equidimension cardboard box of cystosepiment around packing into, with soft bulk material rubber belt sealing is used in the real back of space plug of cardboard box;
Step 6 adopts the artificial carton that soil sample will be housed to be transported to road conditions preferably on the highway, and entrucking is transported to the test place.
The present invention adopts manual work, after the projected depth that fetches earth obtains large-scale cubic metre of earth of unit, adopts the panel saw excision forming, and uses cutter to scabble each face of soil sample, under the prerequisite that satisfies the soil sample dimensional requirement, has effectively reduced the artificial disturbance of soil sample; Adopt close order gauze parcel, and use the liquid paraffin behind the hot melt evenly to smear the soil sample protective material of back condensation moulding, have enough hardness, intensity and sealing, can after keep soil sample profile and physical property to greatest extent; Around using, soil sample after the sealing is provided with the equidimension heavy wall packed in cases of the equidimension customization of cystosepiment; And adopt the space between real soil sample of soft diffusing shape (wheat shell etc.) material plug and the tank wall; The back uses rubber belt sealing to fix; Have good vibrationproof and stressed buffering effect, can make things convenient for simultaneously and safety pile up native case; Adopt the artificial sealing carton that soil sample will be housed to be carried to road conditions entrucking on the highway preferably, reduced impaired risk to greatest extent because the not good soil sample that causes of road conditions is jolted.The present invention has adopted multiple effective measures to reduce to the level of disruption of large scale soil sample minimum; Guaranteed that the structural undisturbed soil soil sample of unsaturation keeps the requirement of its physical property in sampling, protection, handling process; Solved and adopted the structural undisturbed soil sample of large scale unsaturation to carry out the sampling difficult problem of large-scale shop experiment, thereby made test findings more accurate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a workflow diagram of the present invention;
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further detailed description.
Embodiment
Below with reference to Figure of description and embodiment the present invention is elaborated.
As shown in Figure 1, in the place of fetching earth of drafting, use the hand excavation hole of taking a sample, observe the design sample soil layer and have or not plant roots and stems, crack, impurity and interlayer, change near extremely position if any rhizome, crack, impurity and the interlayer phenomenon place of then will fetching earth; Position at no plant roots and stems, free from flaw, inclusion-free and interlayer; The horizontal expansion workplace, step shape is excavated in the hole of will taking a sample, and the back that is shaped begins from the upper strata step is divided into large-scale cubic metre of earth of unit; Adopt manual work that whole unit is taken out, and SD soil block above and below; Use panel saw to cut into several soil samples large-scale cubic metre of earth unit according to the soil sample design size, use cutter to scabble six faces of soil sample after, SD soil sample upper and lower to; Use close order gauze parcel soil sample and numbering mark, re-use adhesive tape fixed yarn cloth and seal, the liquid paraffin after then using hairbrush with hot melt brush uniformly leaves standstill to the paraffin condensation on gauze; With the soil sample numbering, and use plastic film packaging, use adhesive tape fixed plastics film again, be provided with in the equidimension cardboard box of cystosepiment around packing into, rubber belt sealing is used in the real back of space plug of cardboard box with soft bulk material; Adopt the artificial carton that soil sample will be housed to be transported to road conditions preferably on the highway, entrucking is transported to the test place.
Be that principle of the present invention is described below:
The present invention adopts manual work to obtain large-scale cubic metre of earth of unit in the position that the projected depth that fetches earth does not have plant roots and stems, free from flaw, inclusion-free and interlayer, has guaranteed soil sample in the whole process that fetches earth, and damages or fragmentation because defective causes; Adopt panel saw to be cut to the soil sample size, and use cutter to scabble each face of soil sample, under the prerequisite that satisfies the soil sample dimensional requirement, effectively reduced the artificial disturbance of soil sample; Adopt close order gauze parcel, and use the liquid paraffin behind the hot melt evenly to smear the soil sample protective material of back condensation moulding, have enough hardness, intensity and sealing, can after keep soil sample profile, structural, water cut and other physical property to greatest extent; Around using, soil sample after the sealing is provided with the equidimension heavy wall cardboard box packing of the customization of cystosepiment; And adopt the space between real soil sample of soft diffusing shape (wheat shell etc.) material plug and the tank wall; The back uses rubber belt sealing to fix; Have good vibrationproof and stressed buffering effect, can make things convenient for simultaneously and safety pile up cardboard box; Adopt the artificial sealing carton that soil sample will be housed to be carried to road conditions entrucking on the highway preferably, reduced impaired risk to greatest extent because the not good soil sample that causes of road conditions is jolted.The present invention has adopted multiple effective measures to reduce to the level of disruption of large scale soil sample minimum; Guaranteed that the structural undisturbed soil sample of unsaturation keeps the requirement of its physics and mechanical property in sampling, protection, handling process; Solved and adopted the structural undisturbed soil sample of large scale unsaturation to carry out the sampling difficult problem of large-scale shop experiment, thereby made test findings more accurate.Technical scheme provided by the invention is applied to Lvliang City, Shanxi Province civil airport stability of slope centrifugal model test undisturbed soil sample to be taked in the work; Obtained good effect; Adopt method of the present invention to obtain 128 unsaturation original state loess appearance (soil sample full-size: 53cm * 49cm * 51cm) altogether in the present embodiment; Be transported to Beijing China Water Resources & Hydropower Science Research Institute geotechnique's centrifugal test chamber, through sampling check, the result shows; Soil sample does not have disrepair phenomenon, and the change of moisture content amount is only in 1% scope.
Claims (1)
1. the sampling method of the structural undisturbed soil sample of large scale unsaturation is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 in the place of fetching earth of drafting, is used the hand excavation hole of taking a sample, and observes the design sample soil layer and has or not plant roots and stems, crack, impurity and interlayer, if there is plant roots and stems, crack, impurity and the interlayer phenomenon place of then will fetching earth to change near extremely position;
Step 2; Position at no plant roots and stems, free from flaw, inclusion-free and interlayer; The horizontal expansion workplace, step shape is excavated in the hole of will taking a sample, and the back that is shaped begins from the upper strata step is divided into large-scale cubic metre of earth of unit; Adopt manual work that large-scale cubic metre of earth of whole unit taken out, and large-scale cubic metre of earth of above and below, unit of SD;
Step 3 uses panel saw to cut into several soil samples large-scale cubic metre of earth unit according to the soil sample design size, use cutter to scabble six faces of soil sample after, SD soil sample upper and lower to;
Step 4 is used close order gauze parcel soil sample and numbering mark, re-uses fixedly gauze and sealing of adhesive tape, and the liquid paraffin after then using hairbrush with hot melt is brushed on gauze uniformly, leaves standstill to the paraffin condensation;
Step 5 with the soil sample numbering, and is used plastic film packaging, uses adhesive tape fixed plastics film again, is provided with in the equidimension cardboard box of cystosepiment around packing into, with soft bulk material rubber belt sealing is used in the real back of space plug of cardboard box;
Step 6 adopts the artificial cardboard box that soil sample will be housed to be transported to road conditions preferably on the highway, and entrucking is transported to the test place.
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| CN2010102919046A CN101936823B (en) | 2010-09-26 | 2010-09-26 | Method for sampling large-sized unsaturated structural undisturbed soil samples |
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| CN2010102919046A CN101936823B (en) | 2010-09-26 | 2010-09-26 | Method for sampling large-sized unsaturated structural undisturbed soil samples |
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| CN102589926A (en) * | 2012-01-15 | 2012-07-18 | 付志亮 | Deformed coal sampling method |
| CN103726482B (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-08-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | One utilizes luoyang spade to carry out the horizontal soil basketing method of roadbed |
| CN106248421A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-21 | 中国人民解放军西部战区空军勘察设计院 | The sampling method of the complete severely-weathered red beds sandstone original state sample of large scale |
| CN106525483A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-03-22 | 浙江中林勘察研究股份有限公司 | Original sandy soil sampling method and sampling device |
| CN106404453B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-02-26 | 杭州格临检测股份有限公司 | The acquisition method of whole section of soil sampling |
| CN106546446A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-29 | 安徽省（水利部淮河水利委员会）水利科学研究院（安徽省水利工程质量检测中心站） | The assembled method of independent sampling tiling sampled based on large area undisturbed soil |
| CN106979867B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-08-23 | 谢春庆 | The sampling method of the structural plateau drift sheet undisturbed soil sample of large scale unsaturation |
| CN107782578B (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2019-07-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of in-situ sampling method of the rock mass containing disturbed belt |
| CN108593341B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2023-07-07 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Large undisturbed loess sampling method |
| CN109916658A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-06-21 | 北京山水云图科技有限公司 | Long-range soil sample acquisition method |
| CN110702478B (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-12-21 | 自然资源实物地质资料中心 | Method for collecting precious and fragile stratum specimen |
| CN111502580B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-06-08 | 东北大学 | Device and method for drilling broken rock mass to extract rock core |
| CN111795853A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-10-20 | 湖南省水利水电勘测设计研究总院 | Soil sampling device and method suitable for completely weathered stratum |
| CN114674591B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-03-14 | 成都理工大学 | Undisturbed rock-soil body sampling device and method |
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| JP3902202B2 (en) * | 2004-10-04 | 2007-04-04 | 独立行政法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 | Undisturbed large soil core collection device |
| CN101750234A (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-23 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Hand-holding original-state pillar collecting device |
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