CN101933475A - Stage-by-stage pinctada martensii colony selective breeding method - Google Patents
Stage-by-stage pinctada martensii colony selective breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101933475A CN101933475A CN2010101976342A CN201010197634A CN101933475A CN 101933475 A CN101933475 A CN 101933475A CN 2010101976342 A CN2010101976342 A CN 2010101976342A CN 201010197634 A CN201010197634 A CN 201010197634A CN 101933475 A CN101933475 A CN 101933475A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stage-by-stage pinctada martensii colony selective breeding method. The method comprises the following steps of: collecting 3 to 5 pinctada martensii breeding colonies from different sea areas; screening out individuals with the shell length 15 to 20 percent longer than the average shell length from each colony to serve as alternative parent mollusk; marking the alternative parent mollusks respectively to breed, wherein the selection intensity is 10 to 15 percent; performing secondary breeding; selecting 40 to 60 individuals with mature gonads respectively from each alternative parent mollusk colony; dissecting and scissoring the gonads and mixing sperms and ova respectively to perform artificial insemination; and performing optimization in a metamorphosis period, a juvenile mollusk period, an adult mollusk period and a parent mollusk period, wherein the selection and remain rate is 50 to 60 percent and a fast-growth excellent variety (system) can be cultivated after selection of 4 to 5 generations. The method has the advantages that: a fast-growth and high-stress-resistance excellent new variety suitable for culture sea areas environment in China can be cultivated by performing the stage-by-stage colony selection on multi-generation pinctada martensii; and the selective breeding method is simple and practicable and scale production can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the shellfish culture field, relate to a kind of breed pteria martensii formula colony selection by stages.
Background technology
It is coastal that the main geography of pteria martensii Pinctada martensii is distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan of Japan, India and China.For a long time, pteria martensii is the main body of China's pearl culture, special in Guangdong, Guangxi and some areas, Hainan still are the pillar industry of economic development.Up to now, the existing history of propagating artificially on a large scale in more than 40 year of pteria martensii, owing to for a long time do not note the seed selection kind of science and use a small amount of parent to carry out inbreeding, proterties degeneration such as cause the appearance shellfish body of cultured population to diminish, sex premature, nacre secretion capacity weaken.In addition, the sea area cultivation density is excessive, and breeding environment worsens, and causes the quality of China's sea water pearls obviously landslide to occur, has seriously weakened competitiveness in the international market.In order to make the healthy development that continues of China's sea water pearls industry, the trend of preventing whole industry to glide is cultivated the pteria martensii improved seeds that are fit to culture in China sea area and is seemed very urgent and necessary.
Selecting breeding is to eliminate by basic population being carried out planned screening, increases the frequency of occurrences of valuable gene in the colony, reduces unwanted gene frequency, thereby improves the economic characters of cultured population.Japan has just carried out the selection breeding work of pteria martensii in the sixties in 20th century.Doctor Wada the breeding target formulated of leader's laboratory mainly comprise shell convexity, the heavy coefficient of shell and shell look, through seed selection for many years cultivated the shell convexity, shell is heavy, shell is wide and choosing system such as white.The seed selection work of China is carried out later, but makes fast progress, and has cultivated a plurality of " fast " growth choosing system and golden yellow, black, red and white shell look choosing system at present.At present, do not see the pteria martensii research report of formula selection breeding by stages as yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention be to provide a kind of cultivate growth fast with degeneration-resistant strong breed pteria martensii formula colony selection by stages, cultivate and be fit to the pteria martensii improved seeds that culture in China sea area.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is: 1) collect 3-5 pteria martensii cultured population from different sea areas, go out shell from each mass screening and grow up individuality in the long 15-20% of average shell as alternative close shellfish, mark is cultured respectively, selection intensity 10-15%; 2) subculture is bred, and selects 40-60 gonad maturity individuality respectively from each alternative close shellfish group, dissects the clip sexual gland, and smart ovum is mixed laggard pedestrian worker's insemination respectively, carries out larval culture and sea area breed according to the established practice technology; 3) carry out preferably in period of metamorphosis, juvenile mollusk phase, one-tenth shellfish phase and close shellfish phase.
Described period of metamorphosis preferably is meant throws in adherance after eyespot appears in kinetoplast, after the young of 50-60% adheres to adherance is directly moved on to another nursery pond and cultivate.
The described juvenile mollusk phase preferably is meant at juvenile mollusk phase (2.0-3.0cm), carries out the sea area and cultures from the cultured population individuality of selecting to grow faster, and the individuality that superseded growth is slower, the rate of selecting and remain is 50-60%;
The described one-tenth shellfish phase preferably is meant between the mature stage of sea area (about 6.0cm), and the average shell of measuring cultured population is long, shell is high and characteristic index such as body weight, and it is individual faster to go out growth with the standard screening that is higher than average 10-20%, and the rate of selecting and remain is 50-60%.
The described close shellfish phase is meant preferably between breeding period and breeds for the parent carries out subculture from cultured population selection growth is individual faster that the rate of selecting and remain is 50-60%.
The present invention has following advantage: by to the pteria martensii colony of the formula by stages selection in many generations, can cultivate growth soon, and degeneration-resistant strong, the good new lines of suitable China sea area breeding environment; This selection is simple and feasible, can accomplish scale production.
Embodiment
In February, 2006, flood and black stone behind the Leizhou respectively, 1000 individualities of Chinese parasol tree cultured population are held in the Xuwen, each colony therefrom optimizes shell and grows up individuality in the long 15-20% of average shell as alternative close shellfish, selection intensity 10%, close shellfish mark breed respectively with source, different sea area does not mix mutually with other colony.In April, 2006, from the alternative close shellfish of each cultured population, select 60 gonad maturity individualities respectively, dissect insemination; Under water temperature 24-26 ℃ condition, eyespot appears in an after fertilization 20-25 days young, throws in lamina affixad when eyespot young ratio reaches 40%, directly lamina affixad is moved on to other nursery pond after 60% the young adheres to and cultivates, and eliminates the remaining young.When the juvenile mollusk specification reaches 2-3cm, select 60% growth individual faster from cultured population, the individuality that superseded growth is slower.Become the shellfish specification to reach about 6cm, the average shell of measuring each colony is long, shell is high and characteristic index such as body weight, and to go out growth individual faster to be higher than average 15% standard screening, and the rate of selecting and remain is 60%.In April, 2008, breed for the parent carries out subculture from cultured population selection 50% growth is individual faster, 80 gonad maturities of picked at random are individual in addition breeds control group for close shellfish.Between the mature stage of sea area (7 monthly age), the contrast of the growth fraction of seed selection group has improved 18.3%.
Claims (5)
1. culture pteria martensii formula colony selection by stages for one kind, it is characterized in that:
1) collects 3-5 pteria martensii cultured population from different sea areas, optimize shell from each colony and grow up individuality in the long 15-20% of average shell, distinguish the mark breed, selection intensity 10-15% as alternative close shellfish; 2) subculture is bred, and selects 40-60 gonad maturity individuality respectively from each alternative close shellfish group, dissects the clip sexual gland, and smart ovum is mixed laggard pedestrian worker's insemination respectively; 3) period of metamorphosis, juvenile mollusk phase, become the shellfish phase and the prematuration period carry out preferred, the rate of selecting and remain 50-60%.
2. according to the described a kind of breed pteria martensii of claim 1 formula colony selection by stages, it is characterized in that period of metamorphosis preferably is meant throws in adherance after eyespot appears in the young, after the young of 50-60% adheres to adherance is directly moved on to another nursery pond and cultivate.
3. according to the described a kind of breed pteria martensii of claim 1 formula colony selection by stages, it is characterized in that the juvenile mollusk phase preferably is meant at juvenile mollusk phase 2.0-3.0cm, carry out the sea area and culture from the cultured population individuality of selecting to grow faster, the individuality that superseded growth is slower, the rate of selecting and remain is 50-60%;
4. according to the described a kind of breed pteria martensii of claim 1 formula colony selection by stages, it is characterized in that into the shellfish phase preferably is meant between the mature stage of sea area, be 6.0-7.0cm, the average shell of measuring cultured population is long, shell is high and characteristic index such as body weight, go out growth individuality faster with the standard screening that is higher than average 10-20%, the rate of selecting and remain is 50-60%.
5. according to the described a kind of breed pteria martensii of claim 1 formula colony selection by stages, it is characterized in that the close shellfish phase preferably is meant to select from cultured population that growth is individual faster breeds for the parent carries out subculture that the rate of selecting and remain is 50-60%.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102388828A (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2012-03-28 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Breeding method for rapid growing line of seawater pearl shells |
| CN102960271A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-03-13 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Rotational mating breeding method for pinctada fucata groups |
| CN103975883A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-13 | 广东海洋大学 | Breeding method of pinctada martensi black-shell strain for sea pearl cultivation |
| CN107926790A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-20 | 重庆金宇恒科技有限公司 | A kind of producing method for seed for the Perna viridis strain that encrusts |
| CN111972331A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-24 | 北部湾大学 | Method for cultivating bead-breeding receptor pinctada fucata martensii |
| CN111972332A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-24 | 北部湾大学 | Method for breeding small-sized new variety of pinctada fucata |
| CN113287552A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-08-24 | 广西海洋研究所有限责任公司 | Method for synchronously preserving wild pinctada martensii |
Citations (2)
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| CN1742572A (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2006-03-08 | 中国海洋大学 | Iteration selective breeding method for scallop |
| CN101361468A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-02-11 | 大连水产学院 | Common intertidal shellfish high-yield anti-adversity seed selection method |
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2010
- 2010-06-01 CN CN2010101976342A patent/CN101933475B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1742572A (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2006-03-08 | 中国海洋大学 | Iteration selective breeding method for scallop |
| CN101361468A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-02-11 | 大连水产学院 | Common intertidal shellfish high-yield anti-adversity seed selection method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 《海南生物技术研究与发展研讨会论文集》 20060801 曲艳波 马氏珠母贝8个选育家系遗传结构的RAPD分析 49-55 , 2 * |
| 《热带海洋学报》 20060130 何毛贤 《马氏珠母贝选育子一代生长特性研究》 19-22 第25卷, 第1期 2 * |
| 《热带海洋学报》 20091130 何毛贤 养殖密度、水层和养殖地点对马氏珠母贝选育群体生长存活的影响 68－71 第28卷, 第6期 2 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102388828A (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2012-03-28 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Breeding method for rapid growing line of seawater pearl shells |
| CN102960271A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-03-13 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Rotational mating breeding method for pinctada fucata groups |
| CN103975883A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-13 | 广东海洋大学 | Breeding method of pinctada martensi black-shell strain for sea pearl cultivation |
| CN107926790A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-20 | 重庆金宇恒科技有限公司 | A kind of producing method for seed for the Perna viridis strain that encrusts |
| CN111972331A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-24 | 北部湾大学 | Method for cultivating bead-breeding receptor pinctada fucata martensii |
| CN111972332A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-24 | 北部湾大学 | Method for breeding small-sized new variety of pinctada fucata |
| CN113287552A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-08-24 | 广西海洋研究所有限责任公司 | Method for synchronously preserving wild pinctada martensii |
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| CN101933475B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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