CN101933031B - 执行阻抗匹配以防止性能降低的rfid读取器 - Google Patents

执行阻抗匹配以防止性能降低的rfid读取器 Download PDF

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CN101933031B
CN101933031B CN2009801040126A CN200980104012A CN101933031B CN 101933031 B CN101933031 B CN 101933031B CN 2009801040126 A CN2009801040126 A CN 2009801040126A CN 200980104012 A CN200980104012 A CN 200980104012A CN 101933031 B CN101933031 B CN 101933031B
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rfid reader
impedance
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CN101933031A (zh
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李炷衡
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Bluebird Soft Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10198—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves setting parameters for the interrogator, e.g. programming parameters and operating modes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10237—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the reader and the record carrier being capable of selectively switching between reader and record carrier appearance, e.g. in near field communication [NFC] devices where the NFC device may function as an RFID reader or as an RFID tag
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10366—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications
    • G06K7/10376—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications the interrogation device being adapted for being moveable
    • G06K7/10386—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications the interrogation device being adapted for being moveable the interrogation device being of the portable or hand-handheld type, e.g. incorporated in ubiquitous hand-held devices such as PDA or mobile phone, or in the form of a portable dedicated RFID reader
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10821—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices
    • G06K7/10881—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices constructional details of hand-held scanners
    • G06K7/10891—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices constructional details of hand-held scanners the scanner to be worn on a finger or on a wrist

Abstract

本发明揭露一种射频识别(radio frequency identification；RFID)读取器。当附装至并使用于人体上时，该RFID读取器根据从标签接收到的射频(radiofrequency；RF)信号以及RFID读取器已被附装至人体上而执行阻抗匹配，从而防止由于人体的介电常数引起天线的阻抗变化而造成性能降低。

Description

执行阻抗匹配以防止性能降低的RFID读取器
技术领域
本发明涉及射频识别(radio frequency identification；RFID)，更具体而言，涉及一种能够在被附装至人体上时执行阻抗匹配以防止因阻抗变化而发生性能降低的RFID读取器。
背景技术
射频识别(radio frequency identification；RFID)技术发展于20世纪中叶，且自从其在20世纪90年代末期开始用于库存管理和供应链管理(supply chainmanagement；SCM)以来一直受到人们的关注。
RFID技术使用RFID读取器对存储在RFID标签中的信息进行识别。RFID标签将不同的标签信息存储在可重写的存储器中。标签信息可包括关于附有RFID标签的产品或货物的购买信息，并且还包括广告及事件。
最近，RFID越来越多地应用于各种行业领域中，例如过程管理、SCM、存取管理、物流、仓库管理、零售业、图书馆和租赁商店管理、运输付款、非现金付款、医疗服务、游乐园和事件业务、治安、以及娱乐业。此外，对可附装至人体上的RFID装置的使用也越来越多。
当使用被附装至人体上的RFID装置(例如RFID读取器)时，由于人体的介电常数，RFID读取器的天线的阻抗会发生变化。阻抗的变化可使RFID读取器的性能降低。
发明内容
本发明的技术目标
本发明提供一种射频识别(radio frequency identification；RFID)读取器，用于防止在RFID读取器被附装至人体上使用时发生性能降低。
本发明的效果
根据本发明，一种射频识别(RFID)读取器在通过天线接收到射频(radiofrequency；RF)信号时执行天线的阻抗匹配，从而防止在RFID读取器被附装至人体上使用时发生性能降低。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明一些实施例的射频识别(RFID)系统的方块图；
图2为根据本发明一些实施例的RFID读取器的方块图；
图3为显示图2所示的阻抗匹配单元的结构的图式；
图4为显示根据本发明一些实施例的被附装至人体上的RFID读取器的图式；以及
图5为根据本发明一些实施例的RFID读取器的阻抗匹配程序的流程图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种射频识别(radio frequency identification；RFID)读取器，其能够在被附装至人体上时执行阻抗匹配以防止发生性能降低。该RFID读取器包括接收器、传感器、处理器、以及阻抗匹配单元。
接收器将通过天线接收到的射频信号转换成基带信号。传感器探测RFID读取器是否已被附装至人体上，并且可以是红外线传感器。处理器根据基带信号以及RFID读取器是否已被附装至人体上而产生至少一个控制信号。
处理器根据基带信号的变化而判断RFID读取器的性能是否降低，并根据对性能是否降低的判断的结果而产生所述至少一个控制信号，其中基带信号的变化起因于在RFID读取器被附装至人体上时人体的介电常数所造成的天线的阻抗变化。
阻抗匹配单元响应于所述至少一个控制信号，在通过天线接收到射频信号时执行天线的阻抗匹配。阻抗匹配单元的阻抗可响应于所述至少一个控制信号而变为预定阻抗。
阻抗匹配单元可包括阻抗变换器，阻抗变换器包括至少一个元件，所述至少一个元件的阻抗响应于所述至少一个控制信号而变化。阻抗变换器可包括至少一个电感器，所述至少一个电感器的电感响应于所述至少一个控制信号而变化。阻抗变换器可包括至少一个电容器，所述至少一个电容器的电容响应于所述至少一个控制信号而变化。
阻抗匹配单元还可包括用以将阻抗变换器电性连接至天线的连接器。RFID读取器还可包括显示单元，显示单元用以接收由处理器从基带信号提取的标签信息并将标签信息显示在屏幕上。
实施例
为充分地理解本发明、本发明的优点及通过实作本发明而达成的目的，请参照用于例示本发明较佳实施例的附图。
在下文中，将通过参照附图解释本发明的较佳实施例来对本发明进行详细说明。各图式中的相同参考编号表示相同元件。
图1为根据本发明一些实施例的射频识别(RFID)系统的方块图。参照图1，RFID系统包括标签50、RFID读取器100、以及主机150。
标签50被附装至产品上并存储数据(即标签信息)。标签信息可包括关于附装有RFID标签的产品或货物的购买信息，并且还包括广告及事件。
RFID读取器100连接至主机150(例如个人数字助理(personal digitalassistant；PDA)或移动电话)，并与主机150交换数据。RFID读取器100还根据利用射频通信从标签50传送的射频(RF)信号来辨识标签信息。
图2为根据本发明一些实施例的RFID读取器100的方块图。参照图2，RFID读取器100包括天线110、阻抗匹配单元120、耦合器130、发射器140、接收器150、处理器160、显示单元170、以及传感器180。
天线110从标签50接收包含标签信息的RF信号。阻抗匹配单元120执行天线110的阻抗匹配。详细而言，阻抗匹配单元120响应于从处理器160输出的一个或多个控制信号CS1、CS2、CS3和CS4而对通过天线110接收到的RF信号执行阻抗匹配。
阻抗匹配单元120可仅在RFID读取器100被附装至人体上时执行阻抗匹配。阻抗匹配单元120的阻抗可响应于所述一个或多个控制信号CS1至CS4而变至预定阻抗。可预先设定预定阻抗，以使从接收器150输出的基带信号的幅度为最大。这意味着阻抗匹配单元120用以防止在RFID读取器100被附装至人体上时可能发生的性能降低。
图3为显示图2所示的阻抗匹配单元120的结构的图式。参照图3，阻抗匹配单元120包括阻抗变换器124以及连接器122。阻抗变换器124可包括至少一个元件，所述至少一个元件的阻抗响应于所述至少一个控制信号CS 1、CS2、CS3或CS4而变化。阻抗变换器124可包括至少一个其电感会响应于所述至少一个控制信号CS1、CS2、CS3或CS4而变化的电感器L1、L2或L3、以及至少一个其电容会响应于所述至少一个控制信号CS1、CS2、CS3或CS4而变化的电容器C。
尽管在图3中例示阻抗变换器124包括多个电感器L1至L3以及电容器C(其阻抗响应于所述至少一个控制信号CS1、CS2、CS3或CS4而变化)，然而图3所示的结构仅是一个实例，且本发明并不仅限于此。连接器122将阻抗变换器124电性连接至天线110。
耦合器130向接收器150输出通过天线110接收到的RF信号或从阻抗匹配单元120接收到的RF信号。耦合器130还向天线110输出从发射器140接收到的RF信号。提供耦合器130是为了防止发射器140与接收器150之间出现干扰。耦合器130可由循环器或定向耦合器来实作。
接收器150将通过天线110和耦合器130接收到的RF信号转换为基带信号并输出该基带信号。基带信号可包含标签信息。传感器180探测RFID读取器100是否已被附装至人体上，并且可以是红外线传感器。
图4为显示根据本发明一些实施例的被附装至人体上的RFID读取器100的图式。参照图4，传感器180探测RFID读取器100是否已被附装至人体上。RFID读取器100根据RFID读取器100是否已被附装至人体上而在通过天线100接收到RF信号时执行天线100的阻抗匹配。
处理器160根据从接收器150输出的基带信号以及RFID读取器100是否已被附装至人体上而产生所述至少一个控制信号CS1、CS2、CS3或CS4。处理器160根据基带信号的变化而判断RFID读取器100的性能是否降低，并根据判断结果而产生所述至少一个控制信号CS1、CS2、CS3或CS4，基带信号的变化起因于当RFID读取器100被附装至人体上时由人体的介电常数所造成的天线110的阻抗变化。
显示单元170接收由处理器160从基带信号提取的标签信息并将标签信息显示在屏幕上。显示单元170可以是液晶显示(liquid crystal display；LCD)装置或有机电致发光显示(organic electroluminescent display；OELD)装置。
图5为根据本发明一些实施例的RFID读取器100的阻抗匹配程序的流程图。以下，将参照图1至图3以及图5对阻抗匹配程序进行详细说明。
在操作S 10中，天线110从RFID标签50接收RF信号，耦合器130将通过天线110接收到的RF信号传送至接收器150，且接收器150将RF信号转换为基带信号。在操作S20中，传感器180探测RFID读取器100是否已被附装至人体上。在操作S30中，处理器160根据基带信号的变化而判断RFID读取器100的性能是否降低，并根据判断结果而产生所述至少一个控制信号CS1、CS2、CS3或CS4，以防止性能降低。
在操作S40中，阻抗匹配单元120响应于所述至少一个控制信号CS1、CS2、CS3或CS4而执行阻抗匹配，以补偿性能的降低。
尽管已参照本发明的实例性实施例对本发明进行了具体显示和说明，然而所属领域的一般技术人员将理解，在不背离权利要求书所界定的本发明的精神与范围的情况下，可对其作出形式及细节上的各种改变。
工业适用性
根据本发明一些实施例的射频识别(radio frequency identification；RFID)读取器可用于各种行业领域中，例如过程管理、供应链管理(supply chainmanagement；SCM)、存取管理、物流、仓库管理、零售业、图书馆和租赁商店管理、运输付款、非现金付款、医疗服务、游乐园和事件业务、治安、以及娱乐业。

Claims (8)

1.一种射频识别RFID读取器，其能够在所述RFID读取器被附装至人体上时执行阻抗匹配以防止出现性能降低，所述RFID读取器包括：
接收器，用以将通过天线接收到的射频信号转换为基带信号；
传感器，用以探测所述RFID读取器是否已被附装至所述人体上；
处理器，用以根据所述基带信号以及所述RFID读取器是否已被附装至所述人体上而产生至少一个控制信号；以及
阻抗匹配单元，用以响应于所述至少一个控制信号，在通过所述天线接收到所述射频信号时执行所述天线的阻抗匹配；
其中，所述阻抗匹配单元包括阻抗变换器，所述阻抗变换器包括至少一个元件，所述至少一个元件的阻抗响应于所述至少一个控制信号而变化，且所述阻抗变换器电性连接至所述天线。
2.如权利要求1所述的RFID读取器，其特征在于，所述传感器是红外线传感器。
3.如权利要求1所述的RFID读取器，其特征在于，所述处理器根据所述基带信号的变化而判断所述RFID读取器的性能是否降低，并根据所述对性能是否降低的判断的结果产生所述至少一个控制信号，所述基带信号的所述变化起因于在所述RFID读取器被附装至所述人体上时所述人体的介电常数所造成的所述天线的阻抗变化。
4.如权利要求1或3所述的RFID读取器，其特征在于，所述阻抗匹配单元的阻抗响应于所述至少一个控制信号而变为预定阻抗。
5.如权利要求1所述的RFID读取器，其特征在于，所述阻抗变换器包括至少一个电感器，所述至少一个电感器的电感响应于所述至少一个控制信号而变化。
6.如权利要求1所述的RFID读取器，其特征在于，所述阻抗变换器包括至少一个电容器，所述至少一个电容器的电容响应于所述至少一个控制信号而变化。
7.如权利要求1所述的RFID读取器，其特征在于，所述阻抗匹配单元还包括连接器，所述连接器用以将所述阻抗变换器电性连接至所述天线。
8.如权利要求1所述的RFID读取器，其特征在于，还包括显示单元，所述显示单元用以接收由所述处理器从所述基带信号提取的标签信息并将所述标签信息显示在屏幕上。
CN2009801040126A 2008-01-30 2009-01-30 执行阻抗匹配以防止性能降低的rfid读取器 Expired - Fee Related CN101933031B (zh)

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