CN101929411B - The internal combustion engine improved and the vehicle comprising this internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the internal combustion engine of a kind of improvement and comprise the vehicle of this internal combustion engine.The invention provides a kind of quartastroke engine, including: combustor (110), there is at least one intake valve (123) and at least one air bleeding valve (124) and at least two igniter (140,142)；And cylinder bore (108), cylinder bore wall (109) limit, there is reciprocating piston in described cylinder bore (108).Combustor (110) is the expanded volume of cylinder bore (108) and is limited by multiple sidewalls (112).Combustor (110) has the open flat base (111) adjacent with cylinder bore wall (109).At least one igniter (140,142) is arranged substantially at the first side wall (112) place of the pedestal (111) at or adjacent to combustor (110).The geometry of combustor (110) improves efficiency of combustion and fuel economy together with the position of at least one spark plug.

Description

The internal combustion engine improved and the vehicle comprising this internal combustion engine

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of improvement being particularly well-suited to and running with poor fuel/air mixture Internal combustion engine and comprise the vehicle of this internal combustion engine.

Background technology

It is known that each cylinder in internal combustion engine is designed with two or more valve, i.e. intake valve And air bleeding valve.In these valves chamber in cylinder head (cylinder head, cylinder head) (commonly referred to combustor) opening.When using two valves (that is, one intake valve and one Air bleeding valve) time, these valves are formed in the usual manner and " embarking on journey " is arranged so that energy is defeated Go out optimization.Fig. 1 shows cylinder head 1000, its intake valve 1001 and air bleeding valve 1002 It is arranged in rows in for single spark ignition engine.Fig. 2 shows cylinder head 1010, its Intake valve 1011 and air bleeding valve 1012 are arranged for dual spark ignited engine, this pair of fire Spark ignition engine has the hemispherical combustion chamber of often title.

Generally, this electromotor uses uniform air-fuel feed, and each cylinder is only It is provided with a spark plug.One shortcoming of this layout is the combustion process completed from lighting a fire to Need considerable time.When engine speed is higher, available firing duration may Not, so that use non-optimal (i.e., the persistently improving) duration of ignition to avoid not Burning and consequential energy loss, waste of fuel and the increase of discharge completely.Enter one The shortcoming of step is derived from needs richer fuel/air mixture, in order to more preferable in realizing combustor Yarage and enough flame propagate, and enough energy output and/or reduce Pinking, especially when using poor fuel/air mixture.

To a certain extent, these problems can have the electromotor of two spark plugs by use Solve.When in little thorax electromotor (small bore engine) middle use, this is anti-straight Feel, because in little thorax electromotor, flame travel is relatively short and is typically enough to reality The most effectively burn.Additionally, due to it is less, also for accommodating the space of the two spark plug Can come into question.This can be by being positioned at the timing side of electromotor by one of them spark plug (timing side) solves, such as the 195904th of the 16 days July in 2002 the applicant the Number indian patent (corresponding to International Patent Publication No. WO 2005/042954A1) is retouched Stating, which disclose a kind of little thorax double-spark plug engine, it is according to four-stroke principle And run, there is intake valve and air bleeding valve that " one-tenth line " constructs, and this patent is to draw Enter mode and be hereby incorporated by (and figure 2 illustrates).Protection set is set so that spark plug extends Through timing chain chamber, thus protect it from being made and prevent dirty consequent nothing by lubricating oil Effect is run.But, due to this " one-tenth line " structure provide the output of good energy but Fuel economy is the most unhelpful in the case of main target, it is necessary at this electromotor In make compromise.By using the entrance air-fuel feed of higher rotation speed, efficiency of combustion side There is the room for improvement of abundance in face.

The applicant is also at the WO that its International Publication date is on July 19th, 2007 No. 2007/080604 international patent publications describes a kind of electromotor, its intake valve and row Air valve becomes " biasing " structure, and figure 3 illustrates herein.In this electromotor, fire Spark ignition device is arranged away from the timing chain of electromotor, therefore need not such as the 195904th Number indian patent is provided for the protection set of one of them spark plug like that.Additionally, pass through (eddy current of increase can construct the eddy current increased in combustor at least partially through this eccentrically arranged valve Realize), it is achieved that preferably feed mixing.Therefore, this electromotor is the most useful. It has been noted, however, that a kind of trend, the most unburned tail gas negatively affects discharge and combustion Material efficiency.Further trend (being derived from aforementioned trends) is the trend that pinking occurs.Therefore, Remain a need for improving geometry and the design of combustor, in order to reduce pinking and improve burning effect Rate and fuel economy.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of internal combustion engine, it is according to four-stroke principle Run, there is the performance of the improvement being better than available engine, especially when at fuel-lean combustion When running under pattern.

For realizing this purpose, the invention provides a kind of quartastroke engine, comprising:

Combustor, it has at least one intake valve and at least one air bleeding valve and at least two Individual igniter；And cylinder bore (cylinder bore), it is limited by cylinder bore wall, and having can Reciprocating piston in described cylinder bore.

Wherein, described combustor is that the volume of described cylinder bore extends, and described combustor is by sidewall Limit, and there is the open flat base of neighbouring described cylinder bore wall, and at least one Igniter be substantially provided in be positioned at or neighbouring described combustor described pedestal the One side-walls.

This engine arrangement, and the design of especially combustor allows to utilize well combustion Burning indoor space, in combustion, this contributes to efficiency of combustion and fuel economy. This combustor is top, the single slope formula combustion being improved efficiency of combustion by the ad-hoc location of spark plug Burn room.This combustor also can be substantially perpendicular to the central axis of cylinder bore and quilt by making transverse axis Extend.

Generally, the use of two igniters or spark plug contributes to combustion to a certain extent Burn efficiency.But, be positioned at or neighbouring combustor pedestal the first side wall at least The setting of one igniter further improves efficiency of combustion.When the point of second or other Fire device is arranged in or achieves when the second side-walls of the pedestal of combustor Big advantage.This purpose is maximum by making flame front pass through its distance propagating across combustor Change, and improve the use of available combustion chamber volume.This improves efficiency of combustion, especially exists When using poor fuel feed.

By two (although can include more) igniters or spark plug are arranged to each other Diameter is also advantageous relatively.It is further preferred that the mount point of igniter (it is by the phase Hope and be directed towards orienting each other) pedestal that corresponds to top, single slope formula combustor is (aforesaid Plane of the opening pedestal) end of joint face at place.These geometric positions generally correspond to burning The full-size part of room, thus contribute to the shape by the burning interior space as described below Shape and the optimization of utilization and make combustion process optimization.More specifically, this can be filled by igniting The ratio between spacing distance and cylinder bore diameter or ratio between putting represent.It is very ideal that This ratio is 1 or close to 1.Can supplement, this layout of igniter prevents Tail gas after which retain probability, thus reduce prior art as above In the trend of pinking noticed.For clarity sake, mention " ... it is interpreted as afterwards " Mention when using two spark plugs, away from the direction in the region between two spark plugs.

Efficiency of combustion is also improved when piston head is provided with recess.Recess on piston head can Being configured to produce additional combustion chamber volume, this combustion chamber volume is along from an igniter court It is gradually increased towards the central axis of cylinder bore to the direction of another igniter.Advantageously, The shape of the recess in piston and position have the fuel-air feed in increase combustor The characteristic of eddy motion, or at least make any negative influence of eddy motion in combustor Minimize.The shape of recess can be ellipse, ellipsoid, avette or ovoid.Preferable Ground, ellipse, ellipsoid, avette or ovoid recess main shaft two igniters it Between direction extend through piston head.

Preferably, when observing from top dead centre, the axis of projection of described igniter and piston head The main shaft of upper recess all intersects each other with obtuse angle.This open to the outside world is arranged is burnt by optimization Indoor space utilization and make generation combustion process optimization in combustor.More specifically Ground, flame front propagation and have passed through than in bigger open space, at described existing In motivation, such as, igniter is not directed towards orienting each other, but has angular direction, this Provide little chance to the flame front propagated from spark plug, in order to along wide forward Rather than place intersects on one point.The bigger utilization of this bags improves efficiency of combustion.

This electromotor (preferably singlecylinderengine) has the structure of the parts in combustor Making, this structure makes the shape in the space in combustor and utilizes optimization, and add treat by The lighting and inspire and propagate and be developed to consume feed of fuel in combustion chamber air charge The amount of available space of flame front.By making layout and the setting of igniter or spark plug Optimization makes the importance uniformly increased of active combustion room volume and shape be difficult to too high Estimate.Such as, in above-mentioned No. 2007/080604 International Publication of WO, spark plug Position and orientation must be arranged on the base (mount) or boss (boss) increased. It has been discovered by the applicants that the removal of these bases or boss decreases the combustion after spark plug Burn the cubical content of room, associated, significantly improve for poor fuel/air mixing The combustibility of thing.To this end, igniter or spark plug at least one (but more preferably For both) surface that is installed into one of them sidewall with combustor flushes, to obtain This effect.It is desirable that at least, closest to intake valve (particularly in the direction of eddy current) Igniter or spark plug are mounted to flush with combustor surface.

In some embodiment of electromotor, this valve is usually disposed as " biasing " and arranges, makes The space of flame kernel must be can be used for by the gas combustion in the combustor by above-mentioned structure And the eddy current produced and the most close to each other.Suitable helps by the recess on piston head Thering is provided, this recess has the direction of the reticule of the plane along top, single slope formula shaped combustion chamber Major axis or main shaft.This makes most of volume of combustor be contained in central volume, for Can be visible, this central volume can be depicted as expanded volume, the axis of this central volume with The direction of the recess in piston is identical.Shape and the position of the recess in piston also results in work The generation in the one or more Ji Liu districts between plug and cylinder head, thus when piston stops towards upper When point position is moved, the burning gases being extruded produce so-called " squeezing stream " motion.This Squish strengthens by providing one or more Ji Liu districts at the top of combustor；Example As, it is possible to provide Liang Gejiliu district, these Ji Liu districts substantially become crescent so that formed Squeeze stream directed towards the central area of combustor.

For other convection cell kinetics of the electromotor of the present invention, important motion is Combination tumble flow and eddy current (" oblique tumble flow ").Tumble flow and eddy current be can eddy flow, it makes to start Fuel in machine and air mixing.By selecting at intake valve, especially air inlet port Suitable entering angle, in the electromotor of the applicant, create tumble flow.The layout of bellows Affect entering angle with the fuel characteristic being transferred to electromotor, and electromotor be packaged into make into Enter angle and permission is formed tumble flow.Preferably, the axis of air inlet port is realized the most abreast Relative to the alignment of the longitudinal axis of combustor, so that tumble flow effect maximizes.Another whirlpool Stream eddy flow (it can be along clockwise direction) is produced by the biased configuration of intake valve and air bleeding valve Raw.Tumble flow in the electromotor of applicant and the combination of eddy current are capable of the feed improved Mixing and more preferable combustion stability and operating flexibility.

Poor fuel operational mode (wherein, air fuel ratio 15: 1 to 17: 1 model In enclosing) it is important for electromotor.Poor fuel promotes engine fuel economy, And may be also advantageous in the control of certain form of engine emission.But, important , firing duration is enough quickly to guarantee that effective electromotor runs.Multi-spark plug structure Make for this purpose with combustor pedestal at two or more igniters or spark plug Position the same be all important.At or adjacent to the relative side-walls at combustor pedestal The relative layout of the diameter of igniter also ensure that the most quickly flame is propagated, and And whole combustion chamber volume is generally capped within the time more shorter than single igniter, and Poor fuel/air mixture burns the most completely, and can use the timing of optimal spark with Facilitate implementation best engine performance without producing pinking or increasing discharge discharge.

On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of internal combustion run according to four-stroke principle Machine, comprising:

A () has the combustion of the valve system including at least one intake valve and at least one air bleeding valve Burn room；

B () is positioned at least two igniter of combustor；And

C () is used for driving the driving means of valve system,

Wherein, at the described igniter pedestal being arranged on combustor diametrically opposed to each other, And at least one igniter is arranged in a straight line with valve system.This engine arrangement permits Permitted the burning interior space further with, and this contributes to efficiency of combustion and fuel economy Property.

Advantageously, the electromotor of the present invention is little thorax electromotor.The practice of the present invention uses The common characteristics of little thorax, low capacity or thin tail sheep electromotor include: from 75cc to 225cc Cylinder-variable volume scope, preferably at 100cc to 200cc (more preferably at 100cc To 150cc) in the range of, a diameter of 45mm to 70mm of cylinder bore, as two-wheeled or three Prime mover of the operation of wheeled vehicle or other motor vehicles (especially motorcycle).Note, Advantageously, the little thorax electromotor of the present invention need not water-cooling system and effectively runs.This Motivation advantageously singlecylinderengine, it can be two valve overhead cam four-stroke engine.

The driving means of valve can be timing chain.The driving means of such as timing chain can be arranged In the driving device chamber with lubricant feed.Due to be arranged on (several in internal combustion engine Igniter with valve system in line) can advantageously and normally need through driving Device chamber and extend, because can be used for accommodating the space of launch device in little thorax electromotor Very limited, especially, igniter can be provided for (with the shape of spark plug in the present invention Formula) protection set to prevent lubricant from affecting the function of spark plug.

Owing to noise and coarse things (harshness) are likely to affect the property of electromotor Can, can be according to No. 2007032020 PCT application of WO of pending trial while applicant Described in scheme run spark plug, its content is hereby incorporated by with way of reference, and wherein, The increase advanced the speed by engine speed or engine acceleration in response to combustion pressure Speed replaces, or engine speed increases on acceptable marginal value, for electromotor Control unit make igniter or spark plug delay run or stop.

Electromotor can be that fuel injects (fuel injected) or carburetting , and be applicable to the vehicle fitting of any scope (carburetted).Typical application is used in In the sulky vehicle of such as motorcycle, but can apply and take turns or 4 type of vehicle taken turns 3 In, this electromotor advantageously two valve engine, but this is not precluded from greater number of valve.

This electromotor has the efficiency of combustion of improvement, pinking, low emission occurs according to measurement is less Thing, and improve fuel economy.The driving force improved also is the advantage of this electromotor. These advantage major parts occur because of spark plug and the optimum layout of valve, and as it has been described above, Affected by geometry in the combustor of little thorax electromotor.

Accompanying drawing explanation

From non restrictive description to the preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, permissible The internal combustion engine of the present invention is more fully understood, in accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 shows prior art cylinder head, its intake valve and air bleeding valve be arranged in rows in with In single spark ignition engine；

Fig. 2 shows prior art cylinder head, and its intake valve and air bleeding valve are arranged for double Spark ignition engine；

Fig. 3 is the upward view of the cylinder head of prior art internal combustion engine；

Fig. 3 a is the top view of the cylinder head of prior art internal combustion engine；

Fig. 4 is the upward view of the cylinder head of internal combustion engine according to the preferred embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 4 a is the sectional view of the combustor according to prior art, it is shown that the peace of spark plug Dress；

Fig. 4 b is the sectional view of combustor according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is shown that fire The installation of Hua Sai；

Fig. 5 is the schematic bottom sectional view (A) of prior art electromotor, and according to this The schematic bottom sectional view (B) of the electromotor of invention preferred embodiment, it is provided that described view Only for the purpose compared；

Fig. 6 is the schematic sectional side (A) of prior art electromotor, and according to this The schematic sectional side (B) of the electromotor of invention preferred embodiment, it is provided that described view Only for the purpose compared；

Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the piston by the preferred embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 8 provides combustor used in electromotor according to the preferred embodiment of the invention The scope of schematic isometric view (a) to (d) also shows including spark plug and valve Each parts；

Fig. 9 provides the schematic isometric view (a) to (d) of the combustor shown in Fig. 8 Scope, but in order to further and preferably illustrate the not shown each portion of the shape of combustor Part.

Detailed description of the invention

Referring now to Fig. 3, it is shown that above with reference to variable (swept) volume of cylinder and cylinder The bottom of the cylinder head 14 of this kind of little thorax quartastroke engine 100 that diameter describes.Cylinder Lid 14 includes the combustor 110 with intake valve 23 and air bleeding valve 24.Intake valve 23 He The timing of air bleeding valve 24 is controlled by timing chain (not shown).

Combustor 110 has top formula, single slope (pent-roof) structure.Top, single slope formula combustor Be upper surface be tilt or the combustor on deflection top, including at least two tilt and divide downwards The surface opened or upwards converge or sidewall.Described sidewall will not intersect, namely at cusp Say that they do not gather along congruence, but each sidewall have can be at combustor 110 Top at terminate at a plane or the curved geometric on roundish surface.

Two spark plugs 40 and 42 (each spark plug is conventionally manufactured) are assemblied in gas In cylinder cap 14.Spark plug 40 and 42 is positioned in combustor 110 and causes poor fuel/air Mixture or the igniting of feed and burning, it is allowed to electromotor 100 is under fuel-lean mode of combustion Run to improve fuel economy.It is noted that spark plug 40 and 42 is arranged on rising Base or boss 43 on.

As shown in Figure 3, it is believed that combustor 110 is divided into four subregions.It is believed that enter Air valve 23 is located along in the subregion that diagonal is relative with air bleeding valve 24, although valve 23 and 24 There are some with other subregions to overlap.This valve structure produces favourable " eddy current " owing to having The ability of degree, thus have, with than " becoming line " valve structure, there is more preferable fuel economy Property relevant " offset " structure.Compared with the equal vehicle not comprising offset structure, The fuel economy substantially improved of at least 5% can be realized.Spark plug 40 and 42 In the another two subregion that the diagonal of combustor 110 is relative, and do not extend through calmly Time chain chamber, because of without being designed to or protect it to avoid with the lubricant in this chamber connect Touch.

Intake valve 23 and the air bleeding valve 24 of electromotor 100 are started by rocker arm assembly 18, Shown in Fig. 3 a, the more detailed details of this rocker arm assembly is in the International Publication day of applicant Phase is described in international patent publications No.WO 2007/080604 on July 19th, 2007, Its content is hereby incorporated by with way of reference.This rocker arm assembly 18 is constructed to two sparks The location of plug 40 and 42 provides bigger space, and contributes to spark plug 40 and 42 end Timing chain chamber (Fig. 3) away from electromotor 100 positions.

Referring now to Fig. 4 to Fig. 8, except electromotor 100 and combustor 110 in the diagram Outside reference number by front numbered " 1 ", be positioned at the combustor 110 of top, single slope formula structure It is identical that interior each parts are discussed with Fig. 3.Form the combustor of cylinder bore 108 expanded volume 110 have the sidewall 112 adjacent with cylinder bore wall 109.

It is provided with two spark plugs 140 and 142, and these spark plugs 140 and 142 exist Play during igniter fuel/air charge and the identical effect of above-mentioned spark plug 40 and 42.Still set It is equipped with intake valve 123 and air bleeding valve 124, and they are still located in offset structure.But It is that the layout of spark plug 140 and 142 and position exist some with spark plug 40 and 42 and show The difference write.Difference on these positions is for by the improvement profit in space in combustor 110 With or optimum use and realize improve flame front (flame front) propagate critically important. Now with reference to Fig. 4 to Fig. 8, these are described different.

First, two spark plugs 140 are the most relative with 142 or install the most on the contrary, And toward each other, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 8.Spark plug 140 and 142 orients toward each other. Therefore, at two points that diameter is relative, start spark, light fuel air mixture shape Become the flame front quickly propagated, thus compared with the burn rate of single spark plug engine, The burn rate of the fuel-air feed improved, and court can be provided undoubtedly in combustor 110 Cover the whole volume of combustor 110 to each other and realize being close to of fuel-lean air mixture Burn completely.This is for realizing as the fuel using fuel-lean air mixture main purpose Economy is the most valuable.On the contrary, if energy output is the problem of major concern, such as co-occurrence As having in technology, then fuel-rich air mixture will be preferred, but will result in increase Fuel consumption and increase emission (such as hydrocarbon emissions) most probably.

Secondly, spark plug 140 and 142 is not the most positioned on base or the boss of rising.On the contrary, Spark plug 140 and 142 is all arranged on the side the most separately or upwards converged of combustor 110 On wall 112, these sidewalls 112 have the geometry of bending as Fig. 3 example.This A little sidewalls 112 are adjacent with cylinder bore wall 109, and combustor 110 forms the extension of cylinder bore 108 to be held Long-pending.Also can be observed, spark plug 140 and 142 is arranged on the pedestal 111 of combustor 110 Place or the most neighbouring.This pedestal 111 is plane and adjacent with cylinder bore wall 109, And connect cylinder bore 108 and combustor 110.

The sidewall 112 that spark plug 140 and 142 is also mounted to combustor 110 flushes, as Shown in Fig. 4 b.

This layout of spark plug 140 and 142 has the combustion chamber volume made before spark plug The advantage of amount maximization.Fig. 4 a and 4b shows detailed comparisons's view, wherein, Fig. 4 a Show that spark plug is positioned on base or the boss 43 of rising, and Fig. 4 b shows spark plug 140 and 142 are positioned to flush with sidewall of combustion chamber 112.The preferred embodiment ensure that combustion The major part burning room 110 is advanced in terms of plug ignition point, and guarantees that flame front is not required to Will be at each spark plug 140 and 142 below along the burning of rollback direction and towards sidewall 112 The combustor surface rollback at place.This at poor fuel/air mixture in two spark plug 140 Hes Propagation and the development aspect of the flame front started after the igniting at 142 be enough to obtain and change Entering, owing to electromotor 100 runs in fuel-lean mode of combustion, this is for realizing improvement Fuel economy and/or minimizing emission are critically important.

3rd, and referring in particular to Fig. 6, it may be noted that with the fire in internal combustion engine A Hua Sai compares, the spark plug 140 in internal combustion engine B according to a preferred embodiment of the invention It is positioned at each other at bigger spacing distance with 142, and orients toward each other.This spacer From can be close to the size of cylinder bore diameter, it is noted that spark plug 140 and 142 in internal combustion engine B Mount point be located substantially at the periphery of cylinder bore.Represent with a ratio, this spacing distance and cylinder The diameter ratio of thorax 108 is close to 1.This is existing significantly lower than 1 with the ratio of this spacing distance The layout of technology is contrasted.On the one hand this be positioned at fire with also ensuring combustion zone maximum ratio Between flower plug 140 and 142.From each spark plug 140 and 142 along near combustor 110 The propagation of flame front that moves ahead of the widest part and development allow to utilize to a greater degree burning Space in room 110, in order to flame kernel and flame front along wide front portion (rather than One point) to propagate, develop and intersect, result is to improve efficiency of combustion and fuel economy. The shape of the combustor 110 shown in especially Fig. 8 and 9 is conducive to this flame front Propagate.For elaborating further, can see easily, flame front is from each spark Plug 140 and 142 centered by each spark plug in circular arc form radiation.By arranging root According to the spark plug 140 and 142 of the present invention, substantially intersect at combustor 110 at flame front In the moment of central point, the radius of flame front circular arc is maximum, and therefore fires close to passing Burn room 110 straight line (if or in three-dimensional simulation be visible, be plane). Which ensure that the burning of combustor 110 center and around the combustion at the surface 112 of combustor There is between burning relatively short period of time.This can be closer together of with spark plug 140 and 142 Situation contrasts (Fig. 5 and 6 shows this contrast), and they are when crossing when There is less radius, formed and initially intersect " point " rather than straight line, and wherein, This joining with significantly lower speed (with reference to the present invention describe situation compared with) towards Combustor surface continues to external migration.And, in electromotor B, spark plug 140 and 142 Virtual at the pedestal 111 of the sidewall 112 being arranged on and be positioned at top, single slope formula combustor 110 At the mount point 117 that the end on composition surface is corresponding, the shape of top, this list slope formula combustor is especially Illustrate in figs. 8 and 9.

It is located substantially at the pedestal 111 of combustor 110 or the most neighbouring spark plug 140 is relevant to the advantage realizing described electromotor with the position of 142.As shown in Figure 6, this Kind of position is effectively prevented spark plug 140 and 142 tail gas below and retains (trapping) and exist It is likely to be formed in the region 130 of pinking trend.

4th, spark plug 140 is positioned to extend through valve drive or timing chain chamber 150, because the optimum use in space in this permission combustor 110, again contribute to reality The best flame front development and advance and there is the combustibility of improvement.Spark plug 140 Protection set can be provided with, to protect it from the lubrication being present in timing chain chamber 150 The impact of agent.

5th, it is conveniently shown in Fig. 7 a and 7b, piston head 160 center dant 162 Be provided for improve combustion process the hydrodynamics that improves in combustion process.Recess 162 is oval.The main shaft 163 of oval recess 162 is two spark plug 140 Hes On direction between 142 (also it is and valve power drive system the axis of camshaft (that is, with) The direction " embarked on journey ") extend through piston head 160.This is used for being formed from each spark plug 140 and 142 combustion chamber volume increased towards the center of combustor 110.Recess 162 is also Contribute to keeping the efficient vortex motion of fuel-air feed when piston 161 raises, or Any adverse effect at least making the recess 162 in piston head 160 and cause minimizes.Figure Clockwise eddy current rotational flow direction is shown in 5.

Additionally, the essence of recess 162 is to provide between the surface of cylinder head and piston 161 Form " squeezing stream " district, as shown in the region 115 in Fig. 7 b.When piston 160 is at cylinder In towards top dead centre (TDC) raise time, fuel-air feed be especially compressed to two new In month Xing Jiliu district or region 115, and the feed formed is " squeezed. " and is formed Towards the crowded stream of combustor 110 center, thus promote that the enhancing of fuel-air feed mixes. Therefore, charge motion and flame front pass the propagation of combustor 110 by piston head 160 In recess 162 geometry and combustor surface geometry (include Ji Liu district 115 Geometry with combustor surface other parts) impact, to improve efficiency of combustion.Remove Outside efficiency of combustion improves, the pinking caused owing to there is tail gas in combustor 110 becomes Gesture also weakens, and this is owing to tail gas is unlikely trapped in the non-dots flame range of combustor 110, Such as it is positioned at after one or two spark plug 140 and 142.

The most again, than in Fig. 3 electromotor more towards the spark plug 140 and 142 oriented each other Orientation critically important.The axis of projection of spark plug 140 and 142 is with phase at an angle between axis Hand over, be an obtuse angle, the noticeably greater than angle in prior art electromotor.And, stop from upper From the point of view of Dian, the axis of projection of spark plug 140 and 142 and the recess 162 on piston head 160 Main shaft intersects each other with a big obtuse angle.By the space in optimum use combustor 110, This " open " is arranged and is made to occur the combustion process in combustor 110 optimum.More Specifically, flame front through before the ratio of combustor 110 in Combustion chamber design bigger Dischargeable capacity and propagate and develop, in Combustion chamber design before, such as, be not directed towards that Spark plug of this orientation has angularly orientation, and this provides less machine for flame front Can carry out to intersect wide flame front.This bigger utilization of the bags improves efficiency of combustion And decrease pinking trend.

Will be the most aobvious for the change of inventive combustion engine and modification technical staff of this disclosure So.This change and modification are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.Such as, combustor 110 Can have than the curve geometry given by the above-mentioned convergence sidewall 112 being bent upwards More sharp-pointed geometry.In this case, combustor 110 can take prism shape, Such as triangular prism shape.

Claims (23)

1. a quartastroke engine, including:

Combustor, has at least one intake valve and at least one air bleeding valve and extremely Few two igniters；And

Cylinder bore, is limited by cylinder bore wall, has and can move back and forth in described cylinder bore Piston,

Wherein, described combustor is the expanded volume of described cylinder bore, described combustor Limited by multiple sidewalls and the open flat base adjacent with described cylinder bore wall, and And at least one igniter is substantially provided at or adjacent to described combustor At the first side wall of pedestal,

Wherein, at least two igniter is positioned to neat with the sidewall of described combustor Flat；

Wherein, each igniter is respectively provided with the center through described igniter Axis of projection；

Wherein, the described axis of projection of described at least two igniter is with an obtuse angle phase Hand over；And

Wherein, the ratio between spacing distance and the cylinder bore diameter between described igniter Example or ratio are 1,

Wherein, piston head is provided with oval recess, described oval recess along From the direction of an igniter to another igniter towards described cylinder bore Mandrel line is gradually increased, when described piston raises towards top dead centre in the cylinder, and combustion Material air charge is compressed in two half moon-shaped regions, and described fuel-air Feed flows towards combustor center, thus promotes the increasing of described fuel-air feed Strong mixing.

Internal combustion engine the most according to claim 1, wherein, described combustor is top, single slope formula Design.

Internal combustion engine the most according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the second igniter is arranged The second side-walls at the pedestal at or adjacent to described combustor.

Internal combustion engine the most according to claim 3, wherein, described igniter diametrically that This is located opposite from described first and second side-walls.

Internal combustion engine the most according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the peace of described igniter The end on the composition surface at described pedestal decorateeed and be positioned at described combustor is corresponding.

Internal combustion engine the most according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, lights a fire described at least two Device orients toward each other.

Internal combustion engine the most according to claim 1, wherein, the shape of the recess in piston and Position strengthens the eddy motion of the fuel-air feed in described combustor.

Internal combustion engine the most according to claim 7, wherein, the shape of described recess is oval Shape, ellipsoidal, avette or ovoid.

Internal combustion engine the most according to claim 8, wherein, described ellipse, ellipsoid , the main shaft of the recess of avette or ovoid extend through described piston head, and Wherein, the direction between described main shaft and two igniters is consistent.

Internal combustion engine the most according to claim 1, wherein, from the point of view of top dead centre, described point The described axis of projection of any one in fire device and the master of the recess on described piston head Axle intersects each other with an obtuse angle.

11. internal combustion engines according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, in described igniter At least one surface being mounted to the described sidewall with described combustor flushes.

12. internal combustion engines according to claim 11, wherein, at least near intake valve Igniter is mounted to the described surface of the described sidewall with described combustor and flushes.

13. internal combustion engines according to claim 12, wherein, closest to described in intake valve Igniter is closest along eddy current rotational flow direction.

14. internal combustion engines according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described intake valve and aerofluxus Valve is arranged with offset and is arranged in described combustor.

15. internal combustion engines according to claim 1, wherein, described recessed in described piston head The shape in portion and position form Ji Liu district between piston and cylinder head.

16. internal combustion engines according to claim 15, wherein, it is provided that Liang Gejiliu district, this Xie Jiliu district has the most crescent, thus the crowded stream formed is towards described combustor Center directed.

17. 1 kinds of internal combustion engines run with four-stroke principle, including:

(a) cylinder head, including combustor and valve system, described valve system include to A few intake valve and at least one air bleeding valve；

B () at least two igniter, is positioned in described combustor；And

C () driving means, is used for driving described valve system,

Wherein, described igniter is arranged diametrically opposite to each other in described burning At the pedestal of room, and at least one igniter is arranged on always with described valve system On line,

Wherein, at least two igniter is positioned to neat with the sidewall of described combustor Flat；

Wherein, each igniter is respectively provided with the center through described igniter Axis of projection；

Wherein, the described axis of projection of described at least two igniter is with an obtuse angle phase Hand over；And

Wherein, the ratio between spacing distance and the cylinder bore diameter between described igniter Example or ratio are 1,

Wherein, piston head is provided with oval recess, described oval recess along From the direction of an igniter to another igniter towards described cylinder bore Mandrel line is gradually increased, when described piston raises towards top dead centre in the cylinder, and combustion Material air charge is compressed in two half moon-shaped regions, and described fuel-air Feed flows towards combustor center, thus promotes the increasing of described fuel-air feed Strong mixing.

18. internal combustion engines according to claim 17, wherein, described sidewall upwards converges.

19. according to the internal combustion engine described in claim 17 or 18, and wherein, described electromotor is single Cylinder engine.

20. internal combustion engines according to claim 19, wherein, described electromotor is in poor fuel Run under combustion mode.

21. according to the internal combustion engine described in claim 17 or 18, and wherein, described electromotor is little Thorax electromotor.

22. according to the internal combustion engine described in claim 17 or 18, and wherein, igniter is spark Plug.

23. 1 kinds of vehicles comprising internal combustion engine in any one of the preceding claims wherein.