CN101926406A - Biological deodorization and discoloration method for proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises - Google Patents
Biological deodorization and discoloration method for proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises Download PDFInfo
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- CN101926406A CN101926406A CN 201010222266 CN201010222266A CN101926406A CN 101926406 A CN101926406 A CN 101926406A CN 201010222266 CN201010222266 CN 201010222266 CN 201010222266 A CN201010222266 A CN 201010222266A CN 101926406 A CN101926406 A CN 101926406A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biological deodorization and discoloration method for proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises, which comprises the following steps: carrying out high-temperature sterilization on a certain amount of silkworm chrysalis powder, inoculating with a specific microorganism strain, carrying out solid fermentation, carrying out biological transformation processes of blanching, disinfection, degreasing and the like while soaking in ethanol, dehydrating, and crushing to obtain silkworm chrysalis protein powder with good color and no odor. The method has the advantage of convenient process, and is suitable for industrial processing production. The prepared silkworm chrysalis protein has no odor, and the color of the silkworm chrysalis powder is changed from puce to offwhite. The deodorized silkworm chrysalis protein has more reasonable amino acid composition, the content of seven essential amino acids is increased by 39-85%, and the content of the silkworm chrysalis protein is increased by 2-3%.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of new method of utilizing biotechnology to remove proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises stink and color and luster, belong to silkworm chrysalis deep process technology field in the food industry.
Background technology:
China is maximum in the world silk cocoon producing country, produces more than 70 ten thousand tons of silk cocoons per year, produces about 150,000 tons of dried silkworm chrysalis.Silkworm chrysalis is a byproduct remaining behind the silk cocoon filature, has abundant nutritive value.Protein content is very high in the silkworm chrysalis, crude protein in dried silkworm chrysalis content up to 60%-71.9%, contain 18 seed amino acids, and essential amino acid is formed rationally, balanced proportion, wherein essential amino acids content accounts for 42% of total amino acid, and essential amino acid and nonessential amino acid ratio are 0.7, the desirable amino acid pattern (essential amino acids content accounts for total amino acid 40%, and essential amino acid and nonessential amino acid ratio are 0.6) that meets very much the FAO/WHO suggestion.
Yet, because pupa albumen has strong peculiar smell, limited its application in food and pharmaceutical industries production, only be used to feed and fertilizer additive at present, minute quantity is eaten by the people, and economic worth is very low, causes the huge waste and the environmental pollution of resource.How removing the pupa albumen peculiar smell has become the bottleneck problem of pupa albumen development and use.Research about the pupa albumen deodorization is many, mainly contain: the one, Qiao Minghang, comrade Li Defang was published in " Jiangsu food and fermentation " the 1st phase " development of microbial method deodorization dried silkworm chrysalis meal " paper in 1997, reported the method for utilizing the microorganism Rhizopus oligosporus to remove the silkworm chrysalis stink, its method deodorizing technology is simple, cost is lower, deodorising effect is obvious, unharmful substance is residual, has the industrial applications prospect, but there is certain defective in this method, as: the pupa albumen after the fermentation contains the peculiar fishy smell material that microbial metabolism produces, and the albumen color and luster is dark etc.; The 2nd, Zheng Shiyuan, Xie Zhigang, comrade Cao Youming was published in the paper of " food science and technology " (8) phase " the solvent method one step degreasing of silkworm chrysalis, decolouring, deodorization process research " in 2003, reported the method that adopts gasoline, benzene, ether, acetone and other organic solvent pupa albumen to be carried out deodorization, its method deodorising effect is obvious, but organic solvent residual is higher in the protein product, influences the edible safety of pupa albumen; The 3rd, Wu Jianyi, comrade Wei Kemin was published in the paper of " silkworm industry science " (3) phase " preparation method of low fat odourless silkworm chrysalis protein powder " in 2003, reported air sweetenings such as adopting chlorine, ozone and clorox, this method operation is loaded down with trivial details, deodorising effect is relatively poor, also can cause albumen secondary pollution etc.; The 4th, the Yang Ji garden, Ye Mingqiang, Kuang Zheshi, Liao Sentai, Xiao Gengsheng, Luo Guoqing, Yang Jinbo, comrade Zhao Xiangjie were published in the paper of " Chinese silkworm industry " the 4th phase " the feed process technology and the application in the animal husbandry and fishery industry thereof of silkworm chrysalis " in 2009, had reported physical absorption deodour methods such as employing atlapulgite and composite fibre, this method deodorization is not thorough, and loss of proteins is serious.Although the report about the silkworm chrysalis deodorization is many, can reach and remove the silkworm chrysalis peculiar smell, processing technology is easy, and the method that is easy to suitability for industrialized production is not appeared in the newspapers as yet.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is in order to solve the defective that prior art exists, for food and pharmaceutical industries provide biological deodorization and discoloration new method cheap, that high-quality protein raw material provides a kind of proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention realizes that the technical scheme that purpose adopts is:
A kind of biological deodorization and discoloration method of proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises comprises the step of following order:
1. filature silkworm chrysalis:
Silkworm chrysalis behind the collection filature, air dry or heated-air drying were through pulverizing 40 mesh sieves.
2. microbial fermentation:
Inoculate tropical candidiasis in dried silkworm chrysalis meal, in 35 ℃ of environment, carried out solid fermentation 38-42 hour.
3. ethanol washing:
Tunning is adjusted the pH value to 3.5-4.5 with watery hydrochloric acid, centrifugal, collecting precipitation; Use 95% (v/v) alcohol immersion of 2 times of volumes again, the centrifugal ethanol of removing is used 95% (v/v) ethanol cyclic washing 4 times again.
4. drying and crushing:
Collection in 60 ℃ of following heated-air dryings, pulverizing, promptly gets free from extraneous odour, the effective dried silkworm chrysalis meal of color and luster through the tunning of precipitation with alcohol.
The advantage of the biological deodorization and discoloration method of proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises of the present invention and beneficial effect:
1. the employing microbe fermentation method joins microorganism fungus kind in the dried silkworm chrysalis meal, makes the deodorization dried silkworm chrysalis meal behind liquid fermentation, and technical matters is easy, is easy to the industrialization processing.
2. the dried silkworm chrysalis meal after the deodorization is handled through alcoholic solution, both can play bleaching (color and luster becomes shallow white by dark brown), disinfective action, can be used for degreasing again; To macromolecular substances in the dried silkworm chrysalis meal or be unfavorable for digesting material and can carry out degradation, improve its digestibility.
3. the pupa albumen quality behind the deodorization and discoloration is higher, and the amino acid of pupa albumen composition is more reasonable after the deodorization, and 7 kinds of contents of essential amino acids are significantly improved, and reach 35%-85%; Protein content improves 2-3%.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 microbial fermentation removes the technological process of proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises stink and color and luster;
Dried silkworm chrysalis meal color and luster photo before Fig. 2 deodorization;
Dried silkworm chrysalis meal color and luster photo after Fig. 3 deodorization;
The makings chromatogram (GC-MS) of pupa albumen powder odoring substance composition figure before Fig. 4 deodorization;
The makings chromatogram (GC-MS) of pupa albumen powder odoring substance composition figure after Fig. 5 deodorization.
The specific embodiment:
Below by embodiment the biological deodorization and discoloration method of proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises of the present invention is further specifically described:
1, the silkworm chrysalis behind the collection filature, air dry or heated-air drying were pulverized 40 mesh sieves through common pulverizer.
2, microbial fermentation: get weight ratio and be 20: 1 dried silkworm chrysalis meal and glucose, add the water of 20 times of volumes, 121 ℃ of sterilizations 30 minutes down, after cooling off under the room temperature, inoculate tropical candidiasis, inoculum concentration is 20% (v/w), and fermentation is 38-42 hour in 35 ℃ of environment.
3, ethanol washing: with tunning with 1mol/L hydrochloric acid adjustment pH value to 3.5-4.5, leave standstill 30 minutes after, centrifugal (3000rpm, 10min), collecting precipitation; Use 95% (v/v) ethanol of 2 times of volumes to soak 20 minutes at 50 ℃ again, centrifugal (3000rpm 10min) removes ethanol, uses 95% (v/v) ethanol cyclic washing 4 times again.
4, collection in 60 ℃ of following heated-air dryings, pulverizing, promptly gets odorless, decolouring pupa albumen powder through the tunning of precipitation with alcohol.
5, the color and luster of dried silkworm chrysalis meal changes: significant change has taken place in pupa albumen powder appearance luster before and after handling, and becomes canescence (Fig. 3) from dark brown (Fig. 2) after microbial fermentation and ethanol washing, and the dried silkworm chrysalis meal color obtains good improvement.
6, the makings chromatogram (GC-MS) of pupa albumen odour component is analyzed: before the deodorization, dried silkworm chrysalis meal contains hundreds of odoring substance, and peak value is very high, very strong, shows that their content is higher (Fig. 4); After the deodorization, the silkworm chrysalis odoring substance obviously weakens, almost can not be detected, and odoring substance that has even disappearance (Fig. 5), sense organ is passed judgment on free from extraneous odour.
7, pupa albumen amino acid composition analysis: the amino acid of pupa albumen composition is more reasonable after the deodorization, and 7 kinds of contents of essential amino acids are significantly improved; Wherein, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and valine have improved 35-39%, 40-42%, 60-62%, 41-45%, 81-85%, 41-46% and 36-39% than deodorization Argine Monohydrochloride not respectively.Protein content improves 2-3%.
Claims (5)
1. the biological deodorization and discoloration method of a proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the step of following order: (1) filature silkworm chrysalis; (2) microbial fermentation; (3) ethanol washing; (4) drying and crushing.
2. the biological deodorization and discoloration method of proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described filature silkworm chrysalis is the silkworm chrysalis that will collect behind the filature, and air dry or heated-air drying were pulverized 40 mesh sieves through common pulverizer.
3. the biological deodorization and discoloration method of proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described microbial fermentation is that to get weight ratio be 20: 1 dried silkworm chrysalis meal and glucose, the water that adds 20 times of volumes mixes, sterilized 30 minutes down at 121 ℃, after cooling off under the room temperature, inoculate tropical candidiasis, inoculum concentration is 20% (v/w), carries out in 35 ℃ of environment solid fermentation 38-42 hour.
4. the biological deodorization and discoloration method of proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ethanol washing is that tunning is adjusted the pH value to 3.5-4.5 with watery hydrochloric acid, and is centrifugal, collecting precipitation; Use 95% (v/v) alcohol immersion of 2 times of volumes again, the centrifugal ethanol of removing is used 95% (v/v) ethanol cyclic washing 4 times again.
5. the biological deodorization and discoloration method of proteins from silk-reeling silkworm chrysalises according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described drying and crushing is the tunning that will collect through precipitation with alcohol, in 60 ℃ of following heated-air dryings, pulverizing, arrive dried silkworm chrysalis meal.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109536388A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-29 | 江苏科技大学 | A method of micro algae growth speed and protein content are improved using silk reeling wastewater |
| CN112219797A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2021-01-15 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Application of cultured Chouioia cunea Yang in preventing and controlling Pinctada nubilalis and protecting Pinus koraiensis forest |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1156178A (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 1997-08-06 | 罗田县明星实业总公司 | Biological deodorization method for silkworm pupa after reeling silk |
| CN1412222A (en) * | 2001-10-16 | 2003-04-23 | 上海丝绸（集团）有限公司 | Silkworm chrysalis protein decolouring and deodorizing refining process |
-
2010
- 2010-07-07 CN CN201010222266A patent/CN101926406B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1156178A (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 1997-08-06 | 罗田县明星实业总公司 | Biological deodorization method for silkworm pupa after reeling silk |
| CN1412222A (en) * | 2001-10-16 | 2003-04-23 | 上海丝绸（集团）有限公司 | Silkworm chrysalis protein decolouring and deodorizing refining process |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 《江苏食品与发酵》 19971231 乔明珩等 微生物法脱臭蚕蛹粉的研制 第12-14页 1-5 , 第1期 2 * |
| 《食品科学》 20091231 任仙娥等 微生物发酵法脱除蚕蛹蛋白臭味的研究 第259-261页 3 第30卷, 第23期 2 * |
| 《食品科技》 20031231 任仕远等 蚕蛹的溶剂法一步脱脂、脱色、除臭工艺研究 第49-50页和第62页 1-5 , 第8期 2 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112219797A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2021-01-15 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Application of cultured Chouioia cunea Yang in preventing and controlling Pinctada nubilalis and protecting Pinus koraiensis forest |
| CN109536388A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-29 | 江苏科技大学 | A method of micro algae growth speed and protein content are improved using silk reeling wastewater |
| CN109536388B (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2022-04-15 | 江苏科技大学 | Method for improving growth speed and protein content of microalgae by using silk reeling wastewater |
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| CN101926406B (en) | 2012-10-24 |
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Address after: 212028 Zhenjiang, Dantu Metro Industrial Park Rui East Road, No. 9 Patentee after: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Address before: 212003 Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu province dream Creek Road, No. 2 Patentee before: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology |
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Granted publication date: 20121024 Termination date: 20180707 |