CN101921156B - Nitrogen stabilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Nitrogen stabilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101921156B CN101921156B CN2010102447562A CN201010244756A CN101921156B CN 101921156 B CN101921156 B CN 101921156B CN 2010102447562 A CN2010102447562 A CN 2010102447562A CN 201010244756 A CN201010244756 A CN 201010244756A CN 101921156 B CN101921156 B CN 101921156B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nitrogen stabilizer comprising the following materials in percentage by weight: 30%-50% of calcium base bentonite, 15%-30% of humic acids and 10%-30% of thiourea. Compared with the prior art, the nitrogen stabilizer can effectively prolong the residence time of nitrogen, thereby effectively prolonging the fertilizer effect period and enhancing the utility ratio; in addition, the nitrogen stabilizer has low price, flexible use, convenient and easy preparation, and the like and is suitable for various nitrogenous fertilizers, thereby being an optimal stabilizer for producing various long-acting slow-release nitrogenous fertilizers and long-acting slow-release compound fertilizers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer additive, especially a kind of fertilizer stablizer.
Background technology
At present, China has become world Fertilizer consumption and has produced first big country.Nitrogenous fertilizer is to use maximum fertilizer varieties in the agriculture production, its turnout and amount of application increase year by year, particularly in some developed areas, expensive rural laborer's cost makes people abandon the tradition of using fertilizer, the substitute is the input of a large amount of chemical fertilizer.According to statistics, domestic chemical fertilizer aggregate consumption was about about 4,400 ten thousand tons in 2004, and wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer consumption is about 2,160 ten thousand tons, and Chinese fertilizer production reaches more than 3,800 ten thousand tons, has accounted for more than 1/5 of world Fertilizer ultimate production, occupied global the first in continuous 6 years.
But, restricting agricultural development and peasant's income in the low problem of China's utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer always, only be 30%～40% as the utilization ratio of blood urea nitrogen, fertilizer efficiency period only had about 50 days, so the use of mainly topdressing.In fact, improving chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is the problem that the whole world is paid close attention to: the seventies in 20th century, external through big quantity research, tens of kinds of slowly-releasings, release and release control fertilizer have been released, these new and high technologies can better be controlled the fertilizer nutrient release rate, nitrogen utilization efficiency is up to 60%～70%, and be not subjected to the influence of complicated factors such as soil type, be called as " fertilizer of 21 century ", as urea formadehyde, sulfur coated urea, butylene fork urea, iso-butylene fork urea, the long-acting carbamide that contains Resorcinol, the slow-release carbamide that contains N-Methyl pyrrolidone, coating urea, coated urea etc.Compare with the common fertilizer conventional fertilizer application, the administering long-lasting slow release fertilizer can significantly improve nitrogenous fertilizer utilization ratio, reduce the amount of application of fertilizer, can save great amount of manpower and energy expenditure like this, and higher utilization rate of fertilizer can drop to minimum level to phreatic possibility with the nitrate leaching.But existing long-acting slow-release fertilizer is because of the cost height, complex process, or fertilizer efficiency is undesirable and environmental problem and fail to apply.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: a kind of nitrogen stabilizer is provided, to improve the nitrogen utilization efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizer, reduces the loss.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of nitrogen stabilizer, it comprises calcium-base bentonite, 10%～30% thiocarbamide and 15%～30% the humic acids of weight content 30%～50%.
Wilkinite has performances such as cationic exchange, adsorptivity, stability, and has bigger effective pore volume, and therefore very strong adsorptive power and loading capacity are arranged.
Thiocarbamide has the dual function of urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor, in soil, at first urease activity there is restraining effect, self be degraded to cyanamide class material then nitrite bacteria is had restraining effect, make the plain hydrolysis of the amidonitrogen that enters into soil slow, the ammonia-state nitrogen and the ammonia-state nitrogen in the amidonitrogen hydrolysate that enter in the soil are slowed down to the speed that nitric nitrogen transforms.
Humic acids is, plant (mainly being plant) remains, in microorganism and earth physics, the a series of decomposition of process and a synthetic class macromole organic monoacid mixture that forms under the chemical action, extensively be present in soil, water body, low heat value coal (weathered coal, brown coal, peat) in, belong to a natural one's share of expenses for a joint undertaking, mainly by xanthohumic acid, ulmic acid, three kinds of components of Ulmic acids are formed, principal element is carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur etc., contain various active group---carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl group, alcoholic extract hydroxyl group, quinonyl, carbonyl, methoxyl group etc., the physics that it is unique, chemistry and physiological property are for each field Application and Development of industrial or agricultural provides important basic substance.Humic acids has big specific surface area, so can adsorb a large amount of solids and gaseous matter, humic acids also has good cationic exchange, complex ability and higher adsorptive power.Wilkinite and humic acid can finish absorption and maintenance to available nutrient hand in hand jointly, can also reduce the volatilization of ammonia and the leaching loss of nitrite by complexing action.Phenols in the humic acid and quinones substance have certain restraining effect to urease activity, can work in coordination with thiocarbamide together to the hydrolysis effect of amidonitrogen element.
Because the raw material that fineness is good is strong to the adsorptivity of nitrogen element, can reduce the loss of nitrogen, therefore the fineness of described calcium-base bentonite is 100～150 orders; It is in 100～200 order weathered coals or the brown coal that described humic acids is included in fineness; Described thiocarbamide fineness is 80～100 orders.
The production stage of nitrogen stabilizer of the present invention is: 1) thiocarbamide and calcium-base bentonite are mixed in proportion; 2) will contain the material of humic acids and mixture that step 1) obtains and mix in proportion, obtain nitrogen stabilizer.
With the nitrogen stabilizer that aforesaid method is produced, its cost is low, and has good synergy: by suppressing the urease activity in the soil, the hydrolysis process of slowing down urea; By suppressing the Nitromonas activity, suppress ammonia-state nitrogen and transform to nitric nitrogen; By adsorption the ammonium fertilizer that applies in the soil, loss and the volatilization of nitrate fertilizer are reduced; Thereby the nitrogen utilization efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizer is improved, and loss reduces.
In the fertiliser production process, nitrogen stabilizer of the present invention is added in the production technique for fertilizer system by a certain percentage and homogeneous is puddled in the nitrogenous fertilizer, produce different types of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer material, long-acting slow-release bulk blended fertilizer that contains nitrogen stabilizer.
Nitrogen in the described nitrogenous fertilizer is amidonitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, amidonitrogen accounts for 40%～80% of nitrogen weight, ammonium nitrogen accounts for 20%～60% of nitrogen weight, and the nitrogen stabilizer consumption is 2%～10% of nitrogen weight, nitrogen stabilizer and amide nitrogen fertilizer, ammonium fertilizer intimate mixing.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, liquefied ammonia.
With respect to prior art, nitrogen stabilizer of the present invention can effectively improve the residence time of nitrogen, thereby effectively prolongs its fertilizer efficiency period and increase operation rate; And have cheaply, and to use flexibly, advantages such as easy easy preparation because it is applicable to various nitrogenous fertilizer, therefore are the best stabilizer of producing various long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizers, long-effective sustained-released mixed fertilizer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Production Flow Chart of nitrogen stabilizer of the present invention.
Embodiment
Mixed preparing is together by a certain percentage with humic acids, thiocarbamide, three kinds of dissimilar materials of calcium-base bentonite for nitrogen stabilizer of the present invention, utilize their characteristics separately to bring into play its synergy, hydrolysis conversion behavior in soil is comprehensively regulated to the nitrogen in the various nitrogenous fertilizer of polynary nitrogen form, nitrogen utilization efficiency in the fertilizer is improved, fertilizer efficiency period prolongs, and reduces the harm to environment.
In order to explain practicality of the present invention better, below be illustrated, scope of the present invention is not limited.Numerical value in following examples refers to weight ratio, and what contain that the material of humic acids all uses is the weathered coal that contains humic acid 75%, in other embodiments, also can use the different weathered coal of content of humic acid or other contain the material of humic acid, as brown coal.
See also Fig. 1, the production process of the nitrogen stabilizer in following examples is: earlier thiocarbamide and calcium-base bentonite are mixed in proportion, mix in proportion with the material that contains humic acids, obtain nitrogen stabilizer.
Embodiment 1
The ratio 3: 2: 1 of calcium-base bentonite, the weathered coal that contains humic acid 75%, thiocarbamide in the nitrogen stabilizer.
Embodiment 2
The ratio 5: 4: 1 of calcium-base bentonite, the weathered coal that contains humic acid 75%, thiocarbamide in the nitrogen stabilizer.
Embodiment 3
The ratio 2: 2: 1 of calcium-base bentonite, the weathered coal that contains humic acid 75%, thiocarbamide in the nitrogen stabilizer.
Embodiment 4
The ratio 3: 4: 3 of calcium-base bentonite, the weathered coal that contains humic acid 75%, thiocarbamide in the nitrogen stabilizer.
Embodiment 5
The ratio 5: 2: 3 of calcium-base bentonite, the weathered coal that contains humic acid 75%, thiocarbamide in the nitrogen stabilizer.
Below be the Application Example of nitrogen stabilizer of the present invention and beneficial effect experimental data.
Embodiment 6
Be hybridly prepared into long-acting slow-release fertilizer with the nitrogen stabilizer among the embodiment 1 and nitrogenous fertilizer, wherein amidonitrogen accounts for 50% of nitrogen weight in the nitrogenous fertilizer, and ammonium nitrogen accounts for 50% of nitrogen weight, and the consumption of nitrogen stabilizer is 5% of nitrogen weight.
After three days, the amidonitrogen residual quantity is 37.6% in the nitrogenous fertilizer of present embodiment, and the same nitrogenous fertilizer amidonitrogen residual quantity that does not add stablizer is 15.3% only, that is to say that the residual variance rate of amidonitrogen is greater than 15%.The measuring method of all embodiment of the present invention derives from long-acting slow-release fertilizer (stable form).
Embodiment 7
Be hybridly prepared into long-acting slow-release fertilizer with the nitrogen stabilizer among the embodiment 2 and nitrogenous fertilizer, wherein amidonitrogen accounts for 75% of nitrogen weight in the nitrogenous fertilizer, and ammonium nitrogen accounts for 25% of nitrogen weight, and the consumption of nitrogen stabilizer is 8% of nitrogen weight.
After three days, the amidonitrogen residual quantity is 37.6% in the nitrogenous fertilizer of present embodiment, and the same nitrogenous fertilizer amidonitrogen residual quantity that does not add stablizer is 15.3% only, that is to say that the residual variance rate of amidonitrogen is greater than 15%.The measuring method of all embodiment of the present invention derives from long-acting slow-release fertilizer (stable form).
Claims (8)
1. nitrogen stabilizer is characterized in that: be made up of the calcium-base bentonite of weight content 30%～50%, 10%～30% thiocarbamide and 15%～30% humic acids; Above component concentration sum is 100%.
2. nitrogen stabilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fineness of described calcium-base bentonite is 100～150 orders.
3. nitrogen stabilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is in 100～200 order weathered coals or the brown coal that described humic acids is included in fineness.
4. nitrogen stabilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described thiocarbamide fineness is 80～100 orders.
5. a method of producing each described nitrogen stabilizer in the claim 1 to 4 the steps include: 1) thiocarbamide and calcium-base bentonite are mixed in proportion; 2) will contain the material of humic acids and mixture that step 1) obtains and mix in proportion, obtain nitrogen stabilizer.
6. according to the application of each described nitrogen stabilizer in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: nitrogen stabilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer are uniformly mixed into long-acting slow-release fertilizer and use.
7. the application of nitrogen stabilizer according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the nitrogen in the described nitrogenous fertilizer is amidonitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, amidonitrogen accounts for 40%～80% of nitrogen weight, ammonium nitrogen accounts for 20%～60% of nitrogen weight, the nitrogen stabilizer consumption is 2%～10% of nitrogen weight, nitrogen stabilizer and amide nitrogen fertilizer, ammonium fertilizer intimate mixing.
8. the application of nitrogen stabilizer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, liquefied ammonia.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103011943A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Stabile fertilizer special for rice |
| CN102659476B (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2014-12-10 | 朱长保 | Slow-release organic fertilizer for flowers and preparation method thereof |
| CN102659477B (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2014-08-06 | 朱长保 | Sustained-release organic fertilizer for fruits and vegetables and preparation method thereof |
| CN107056411A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-08-18 | 四川天农农资有限公司 | A kind of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer |
| CN107493773A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-22 | 海南热带海洋学院 | A kind of application process for strengthening nitrification inhibitor |
| CN107473278A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-15 | 青岛科洋水产技术研究有限公司 | A kind of nitrite degradation agent in aquaculture system and preparation method thereof |
| CN107698355A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-16 | 常州大学 | A kind of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer |
| CN109819864A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-31 | 台州新联和环保科技股份有限公司 | Moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping whole ventilating cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN113233939A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-10 | 河南永昌硝基肥有限公司 | Novel liquid nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1439623A (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2003-09-03 | 高元财 | Straw organic composite fertilizer and production thereof |
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| CN1042629C (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-24 | 河北省沧州大化集团有限责任公司 | Controllable slowly-released granular urea fertilizer and its prepn. method |
| US6749660B2 (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2004-06-15 | Geovation Technologies, Inc. | Solid-chemical composition and method of preparation for the anaerobic bioremediation of environmental contaminants coupled to denitrification |
| CN100415695C (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2008-09-03 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Nitrogen loss control agent and preparation thereof |
| CN101139235A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2008-03-12 | 于漧 | Method for preparing long-acting nitrogen fertilizer slow releasing agent |
| CN101781141A (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2010-07-21 | 连丕洪 | Composite fertilizer slow control release additive |
| CN101747122A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2010-06-23 | 马玉新 | Long-acting compound fertilizer containing sustained-release agent, and production process thereof |
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| CN1439623A (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2003-09-03 | 高元财 | Straw organic composite fertilizer and production thereof |
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