CN101914918B - High-steep side slope and intensely weathered bed rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure and treatment method thereof - Google Patents
High-steep side slope and intensely weathered bed rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure and treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-steep side slope and intensely weathered bed rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure and a treatment method thereof. The high-steep side slope and intensely weathered bed rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure is characterized in that the back of a seepage prevention cloth surface layer is a reinforced steel bar net fine stone concrete leveling layer adhered by drill grouting concrete anchor rods, and the back of the leveling layer is a protection bottom layer formed by inlaying broken stones or pebbles into vertically arranged alternate drainage gabions along a sloping surface. Relative to the leveling by backfilling clay in the prior art, the invention has the advantages of short construction cycle, clay saving, project investment saving and big capacity of reservoir; relative to reinforcing the high-steep side slope by jetting concrete at present, the invention also has the advantages of simple construction, investment saving and good drainage effect, and good safety stability of an anchor bolt spray layer. The invention is economic and safe and meets the demands of a high-steep side slope and intensely weathered bed rock-paved HDPE (high-density polyethylene) geomembrane seepage prevention layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high gradient slope, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste (for example rubbish is solid useless with other) landfill site seepage prevention structure and processing method.
Background technology
Rubbish and solid useless, dangerous solid useless processing of industry, a kind of common method adopts landfill disposal.Take up an area of for saving landfill, the landfill yard addressing selects to be positioned at mountain valley and the little soil of values such as abandoned quarry, sandpit usually.It is exactly that landfill site seepage prevention is handled that landfill yard is handled one of key core content, and impervious barrier commonly used is mainly 1.5mm or the thick HDPE geomembrane of 2.0mm.And the HDPE geomembrane requires very strictness to the antiseepage basal layer that is positioned under it, and corner angle, sharp objects etc. promptly can not be arranged, and to prevent after landfill weight, punctures the HDPE geomembrane anti-seepage layer, causes seepage.And landfill yard sites such as abandoned quarry, because the quarrying of explosion for many years, it shows more, and steep, the surperficial rock of side slope is uneven, corner angle outstanding, characteristics such as the moving local instability of surperficial weathering Lycopodium chinense Christ.Prior art adopts clay backfilling to look for the slope for this type of site usually, and the gradient reaches about 1: 3, on the clay sloping layer, lays the HDPE geomembrane anti-seepage layer then, and the safety of impervious barrier and stability have obtained guarantee like this.But this kind processing method, long construction period not only, construction investment is big, wastes a large amount of clay resources, and the clay backfilling construction quality is difficult to guarantee, and the site become " chamfered edge platform shape " or even " inverted pyramid shape " by " bowl-shape ", and storage capacity reduces greatly.
For high gradient slope, prior art has to adopt sprays the fixing domatic consolidation process of concrete, and for example road both sides high gradient slope sprays the concrete consolidation process, and like the surface greening of Chinese patent CN1570292 anchor spray structure side slope.
Adopt the spray anchor to reinforce mountain road side slope or multiple green whitewashing, it mainly is security protection and the surperficial ecological afforestation that is used to handle rock side slope, and its force request is higher; Construction is complicated; General total length binding type anchor pole or the prestressed anchor of adopting, its anchor pole adds ground tackle for adopting high-strength finish rolling deformed bar or the prestressing force steel hinge line made separately, and surface layer adopts the double-layer double-direction reinforced mesh; Cost is higher, and for example anchor pole is about 100 yuan/meter; Secondly, the underground water guide is employed in perpendicular to pre-buried UPVC gutter of line of slope or slope drainage hole mode the surface is drawn in underground infiltration, and it is bad to filter drainage effect, is prone to cause impeded drainage, and water directly drains into spray anchor laminar surface, makes spray anchor layer shorter application life.And as the landfill site seepage prevention basis; Directly lay antiseepage film on it, spray anchor layer does not allow the surface to have underground water to exist, and the underground water in the rock mass must be gone out under spray anchor layer in guide; And answer guide smooth and easy, avoid underground water head that spray anchor layer and antiseepage film security and stability are produced hidden danger.Therefore this type of is for reinforcing high gradient slope and/or greening spray anchor method, and because of handling domatic exposing, force request is higher; Cause construction costs high; Especially guide water is spraying anchor layer top layer, and discharge guiding pipe is easy to be stifled, and drainage effect is poor; Cause spray anchor layer hidden danger big, thereby be not suitable for the antiseepage processing of solid waste (for example rubbish) landfill yard basis.
Chinese patent CN1131221 supporting and protecting method for base pit, side slope, flat anchor and spray net, excavation and the parallel operations of supporting layer and section, the distributed bolthole that is provided with is the horizontal distribution anchor pole on the excavation slope face, slip casing by pressure, shotcrete layer on the side slope face.When spraying anchor as foundation pit supporting method, often take provisional dewatering measures such as well-points dewatering, groove draining, this method is not suitable for the solid waste landfill site seepage prevention basal layer equally and handles.
Above-mentioned deficiency still has is worth improved place.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of and can guarantee that antiseepage film is not damaged, and safety is good, and reduced investment is not wasted storage capacity, the high gradient slope of easy construction, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of processing method of above-mentioned leakage preventing structure.
The present invention's first purpose realizes; The main improvement is through on high gradient slope, severely-weathered basement rock, adopting slip casting steel bar concrete anchor pole sprayed mortar bottom; The solution side slope is uneven and corner angle outstanding, local decayed rock is unstable, to the issuable destruction of impervious barrier; And the guide underground water gabion in domatic is set along domatic vertical embedding at the spray anchor layer back side, and avoid the infringement of underground water to spray anchor layer, lay impervious barrier more above that and form leakage preventing structure, thereby overcome the deficiency of prior art, realize the object of the invention.Specifically; High gradient slope of the present invention, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure; Comprise the antiseepage cloth cover; It is characterized in that the antiseepage cloth cover back side boring slip casting reinforced anchor bolt of serving as reasons adheres to the reinforced mesh pea gravel concreten leveling layer of reinforcing, and the protection bottom formed along the vertical alternate draining gabion that is provided with of domatic embedding by rubble or cobble of the leveling layer back side.
The present invention is said:
The pea gravel concreten leveling layer back side embeds the alternate gabion of domatic vertical setting; Be mainly used in guide underground water; Underground water in the rock mass is gone out by guide in time under spray anchor layer, and to reduce the harm to spray anchor leveling layer, it is made up of rubble or cobble, filtering layer and external fixation cage.Different according to engineering location amount of precipitation with factors such as site basement rock transmission coefficients, draining gabion spacing 5～20m, diameter 300～500mm: rubble or cobble particle diameter are 50～200mm.The draining gabion, a kind of better is that infiltration rubble outer (and between filling cage) has filtration beds, mainly is to prevent that silt particle from getting into gabion and causing draining not spacious, influences drainage effect, a kind of economy can adopt non-woven geotextile.The cage of filling rubble or cobble is mainly used in temporary fixed rubble or cobble, makes things convenient for rapid construction, can adopt reinforcing cage, the hollow out cage that also can adopt other materials to roll, for example bamboo cage, plastic knitting cage etc.Each vertical guide water gabion is communicated with bottom of the reservior layer guide water gabion, forms drainage system, bottom guide water gabion, by rubble gabion and built-in perforated pipe for example DN200～300mm the HDPE pipe with wrap up in geotextiles outward and form.
Its effect of anchor pole is identical with prior art, is mainly used in fixed surface concrete layer, adopts boring slip casting reinforced anchor bolt, mainly is from reducing because of the destruction of construction anchor pole to former weathered rock, and reduces cost that the convenient construction angle is considered.Different according to the basement rock rate of decay with the slope height and the gradient; Rock-bolt length and spacing are different, bore diameter 50～100mm for example, bar diameter 16mm～20mm; The anchor pole insertion depth with deeply more than the weak weathered rocks layer 1m for well; Anchor pole exposes >=80mm (so that being connected with injection concrete surfacing steel bar net), and anchor pole spacing 2～3m can be blossom type and arrange.
Impervious barrier, identical with prior art, can adopt the geotechnological antiseepage film of high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) of common economy.
High gradient slope of the present invention, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure layer processing method; Be included in the domatic laying impervious barrier of levelling; Before it is characterized in that laying impervious barrier; Earlier alternate excavation is placed the draining gabion by rubble or cobble, outsourcing filtering layer along domatic vertical and be connected to the groove of bottom of the reservior underground water guide ditch in the groove on the basement rock surface; Make the steel bar concrete anchor pole in the slip casting of basement rock surface drilling; Hang reinforced mesh, filling pea gravel concreten leveling layer.
Among the present invention:
Place the draining gabion at former high gradient slope, severely-weathered basement rock basal plane fluting, a kind of better be the groove footpath greater than the gabion diameter, 500～800mm for example makes outer retaining layer with rubble etc. outward again, forms two block-resistant protection layers.After the draining gabion was positioned in the groove, for helping construction, more handy anchor pole was fixed.
Forming the grouting slurries of steel bar concrete anchor pole, can be to use usually to reinforce to use cement mortar, and wherein better slurry preparation cement-sand ratio is 0.8～1.5, and water/binder ratio is not more than 0.5, more can guarantee the adhesion strength between reinforced anchor bolt and slurries.Can also add early strong accelerating admixture in addition in the slip casting concrete, make 3 days intensity be not less than 6MPa, the unconfined compression strength grade was not less than 25Mpa in 28 days, more helped rapid construction.Slip casting steel bar concrete anchor pole, a kind of better employing gravity, low-pressure grouting, the plumpness of slip casting improves the anchor bolt construction quality in more helping guaranteeing to hole, and strengthens the adhesion with basement rock.Grouted anchor bar boring and level better are downward 10～15 degree inclination angles, more help improving grouting quality.Reinforced mesh as the concrete reinforcement, is looked the basement rock situation, can be the single-layer bidirectional reinforced mesh, also can be alternate two layers up and down, and because of domatic layer compresses by landfill is useless admittedly at last, for reducing construction cost, the present invention better adopts the single-layer bidirectional reinforced mesh.The surface fine-stone concrete, according to geology and domatic protruding situation, thickness can adopt sprayed construction at 80-250mm mm-, also can adopt other concretes to fill in construction.Fine-stone concrete surface layer planeness is not more than 20mm for every square metre.Spray concrete design strength grade, better greater than C20, water/binder ratio is not more than 0.45.Be convenient to rapid construction, can add Admixture equally, for example make 1 day intensity be not less than 5Mpa.
The number range that the present invention is given only is the economic interval range that test obtains, and should not be construed as is to realize necessary accurate end value of the object of the invention and interval, and this obvious technician can understand.
High gradient slope of the present invention and severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure layer and processing method; Economical and convenient has solved high gradient slope and the surperficial outstanding corner angle of severely-weathered basement rock and uneven, the local decayed rock instability on surface etc.; To the destruction that impervious barrier causes, satisfy landfill yard HDPE geomembrane anti-seepage layer and lay requirement.Look for sloping treatment technology than the conventional clay backfill; The rock mass slope angle can reach more than 75 degree according to the rock mass self-characteristic; Effectively increased storage capacity; The shortcoming that overcome also simultaneously that the construction investment that clay looks for the slope to handle bringing is big, long construction period, clay buying difficulty, clay backfilling construction quality is difficult to guarantee, waste storage capacity is 1,000,000 m with storage capacity
3, the landfill height is an example for the 10m landfill yard, and construction period can shorten 2～6 months, and construction investment can save 10%～15%, and storage capacity can increase about 20%, can save 200,000 m
3Left and right sides clay.Also overcome prior art simultaneously and sprayed concrete reinforcing high gradient slope, the difficulty of construction of bringing is big, construction costs is high, discharge guiding pipe is prone to block up, drainage effect is poor, spray anchor layer hidden danger is big, be not suitable for the shortcoming that the basic antiseepage of landfill yard is handled.Boring slip casting reinforced anchor bolt need not adopt independent making anchor pole, can adopt common II grade reinforcing steel, and slurries adopt cement mortar, and it is low to have a cost, about 30-50 unit/rice, and can reduce because of the destruction of anchor pole to former weathered rock of constructing.Spray anchor layer back side rock mass fluting is provided with along the quick guide underground water of surperficial vertical drainage gabion; Guide is effective and can not stop up; The following underground water of leakage preventing structure layer is discharged smoothly,, guaranteed the security and stability of spray anchor layer even more can not bring infringement to spray anchor layer safety and stability at rainwater; Prolong service life greatly, can be used as nonvolatil drainage measure.The present invention is directed to the new method of landfill yard characteristics design; Go for all with quarry and mountain valley as the landfill yard site; As household garbage, industrial newly-built and reorganization and expansion of consolidating useless and hazardous waste landfill yard engineering; For the landfill yard site or the deficient area of clay resource of orographic condition irregularity, its superiority is more obvious especially.The inventive method, construction is simple, and material source is extensive, and construction costs is low, and the adaptability of technology is wider, implements easily, and spray anchor layer security and stability is good, is to be different from prior art spray anchor to reinforce mountain road side slope or multiple green whitewashing characteristic place.
Below in conjunction with a specific embodiment; Essence of the present invention is further understood in exemplary illustration and help; But the embodiment detail only is in order the present invention to be described, not to represent the present invention to conceive whole technical schemes down, therefore should not be construed as the total technical scheme of the present invention to be limited.Some are In the view of the technician, and the unsubstantiality that does not depart from the present invention's design increases and/or change, and for example simple the change or replacement of technical characterictic to have same or similar technique effect all belongs to protection domain of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 handles high gradient slope, severely-weathered basement rock antiseepage basal layer cross section structure sketch map for the spray anchor.
Fig. 2 is along domatic vertical guide water gabion structure sketch map.
Fig. 3 is that domatic vertical guide water gabion and underground water are collected the tap drain structural representation.
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 guide water gabion A-A sectional structure sketch map.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment: referring to accompanying drawing,, open 300 * 300mm vertical slot by horizontal interval 10m on the surface 2 of in situ rock mass 6, built-in reinforcing cage guide water gabion 5, periphery is filled with rubble, and each reinforced gabion 5 is communicated with bottom of the reservior layer guide water gabion 8.Guide water gabion 5 is column; By particle diameter is that 50～200mm does not wait rubble or cobble drainage rock core 5.1; Outsourcing geotextiles filtration beds 5.2 and reinforcing cage 5.3 are formed, and clay 10 shutoff, bottom guide water gabion 8 are adopted in the gabion top; Form by gabion layer and bottom DN200HDPE perforated drain pipe 9, place 500 * 500mm underground water to collect main french drain.Domatic by level interval 3m, vertical interval 3.5m presses bore diameter 50～100mm boring; And be the blossom type distribution, place the slip casting of the common II grade reinforcing steel of diameter 16mm～20mm and make anchor pole 1, the deeply weak weathered rocks layer 1.2m of anchor pole; Expose 100mm; Bolt grouting is used slurries, cement-sand ratio 0.8～1.5, and water/binder ratio is not more than 0.5.Rock mass surface 2 plug-in
, 6.5250 single-layer bidirectional reinforced mesh 3 (steel wire diameter 6～8mm); The Φ 16 reinforcing bar rhombus beadings that the surface layer spacing is 3.0 meters～3.5 meters; Beading and anchor pole welding are fixing; Injection average thickness 150mm C20, water/binder ratio are not more than 0.45 fine-stone concrete leveling layer 4, and fine-stone concrete surface layer planeness is not more than 20mm for every square metre.1m clay terrace 7 is filled at the end, slope.Bolt grouting and surface layer spray concrete slurry are added with early strong accelerating admixture.Last lay 1.5mm thick or the geotechnological antiseepage film of the thick exasperate high density polyethylene (HDPE) of 2.0mm (HDPE) and fixing (the exasperate film can increase leakage preventing structure layer friction factor); Can under anti-seepage geomembrane, lay in addition and be not less than 200g/m
2The polyester non-woven geotextile is as film lower protective layer (this is all not shown in the diagram).
To those skilled in the art, under this patent design and specific embodiment enlightenment, some distortion that can directly derive or associate from this patent disclosure and general knowledge; Those of ordinary skills will recognize also can adopt additive method, or uses substituting of known technology in the prior art always, and the mutual various combination between characteristic; The change of for example concrete size and scantling, drainage rock basket structure form and particle diameter, and the change of arrangement mode; Or the like unsubstantiality change, can be employed equally, can both realize this patent representation function and effect; Launch for example no longer one by one to describe in detail, all belong to this patent protection domain.
Claims (15)
1. high gradient slope, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure; Comprise the antiseepage cloth cover; It is characterized in that the antiseepage cloth cover back side boring slip casting reinforced anchor bolt of serving as reasons adheres to the reinforced mesh pea gravel concreten leveling layer of reinforcing, and the protection bottom formed along the vertical alternate draining gabion that is provided with of domatic embedding by rubble or cobble of the leveling layer back side.
2. according to the said high gradient slope of claim 1, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure, it is characterized in that draining gabion diameter 300～500mm.
3. according to the said high gradient slope of claim 1, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure, it is characterized in that the rubble or the cobble particle diameter 50～200mm of draining gabion.
4. according to the said high gradient slope of claim 1, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure, it is characterized in that draining gabion spacing 5～20m.
5. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 said high gradient slopes, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure, it is characterized in that the rubble of draining gabion or cobble have the cloth filtering layer outward.
6. according to the said high gradient slope of claim 1, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure; Slip casting reinforced anchor bolt bore diameter 50～100mm is characterized in that holing; Built-in diameter 16mm～20mm reinforcing bar, anchor pole insertion depth >=weak weathered rocks layer 1m, anchor pole exposes >=80mm.
7. according to claim 1 or 6 said high gradient slopes, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure, the slip casting reinforced anchor bolt spacing 2～3m that it is characterized in that holing is blossom type and arranges.
8. according to the said high gradient slope of claim 1, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure, it is characterized in that the antiseepage cloth cover is the exasperate antiseepage film.
9. high gradient slope, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure layer processing method; Be included in the domatic laying impervious barrier of levelling; Before it is characterized in that laying impervious barrier; Earlier alternate excavation is placed the draining gabion of being made up of rubble or cobble, filtering layer and external fixation cage along domatic vertical and be connected to the groove of bottom of the reservior underground water guide ditch in the groove on the basement rock surface; Make reinforced anchor bolt in the slip casting of basement rock surface drilling; Hang reinforced mesh, filling pea gravel concreten leveling layer.
10. according to the said high gradient slope of claim 9, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure layer processing method; It is characterized in that excavating the groove footpath 500～800mm that places the draining gabion; Periphery is placed the rubble sheath after placing gabion, and the draining gabion is fixed by anchor pole after being positioned in the domatic groove.
11., it is characterized in that the slip casting reinforced anchor bolt adopts gravity, low-pressure grouting according to the said high gradient slope of claim 9, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure layer processing method.
12. according to the said high gradient slope of claim 9, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure layer processing method, it is characterized in that the bolt grouting slurries, cement-sand ratio 0.8 ~ 1.5, water/binder ratio is not more than 0.5; Spray concrete strength grade >=C20, water/binder ratio is not more than 0.45.
13., it is characterized in that the boring of slip casting reinforced anchor bolt is downward 10 ~ 15 degree inclination angles with level according to the said high gradient slope of claim 9, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure layer processing method.
14., it is characterized in that pea gravel concreten leveling layer planeness is not more than 20mm for every square metre according to claim 9,10,11,12 or 13 said high gradient slopes, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure layer processing method.
15., it is characterized in that being added with in bolt grouting slurries and the leveling layer concrete early strong accelerating admixture according to the said high gradient slope of claim 14, severely-weathered basement rock solid waste landfill site seepage prevention structure layer processing method.
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| CN102182195A (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2011-09-14 | 深圳市胜义环保有限公司 | Weathering preventing and reinforcing method and structure of mudstone side slope of waste residue storage yard |
| CN103726515B (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2015-09-09 | 北京锄禾环保技术有限公司 | Ground basal plane liquid reservoirs HDPE film leakage preventing structure |
| CN105363759B (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-12-26 | 盐城新宇辉丰环保科技有限公司 | Flexible landfill yard rigidity landfill stabilization device and burying method |
| CN105569071B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-07-28 | 吉林省银河水利水电新技术设计有限公司 | A kind of slip casting under water of cement-based material or mud jacking block ground mass foundation construction |
| CN107620325B (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2023-05-09 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Composite seepage-proofing system for high and steep side slope of landfill |
| CN107938690A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-04-20 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 | A kind of french drain structure and its construction method for Slope Prevention |
| CN108951668A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-07 | 重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局208水文地质工程地质队（重庆市地质灾害防治工程勘查设计院） | Combined prevention and control system for slope landslide caused by fill slope underground water |
| CN109853519A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-06-07 | 山西三建集团有限公司 | The processing structure and processing method of ladder-like easy-weathering holystone layer substrate ground |
| CN110080255A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-02 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | Leakage preventing structure without anchoring groove and anchored platform |
| CN112392127B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-10-22 | 河北工业大学 | Dendritic embedded type flexible ecological slope drainage ditch and construction method |
| CN113279416B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-12-23 | 游永华 | Highway side slope reinforcing apparatus |
| CN113250224B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2023-02-07 | 湖北郧诚建设集团有限公司 | Foundation structure of mountaineering building and construction method |
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| JPS6026723A (en) * | 1983-07-25 | 1985-02-09 | Kumagai Gumi Ltd | Protection work for slope |
| JPS6397721A (en) * | 1986-10-15 | 1988-04-28 | Nippon Soiru Kogyo Kk | Slope frame construction work |
| JP2981839B2 (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1999-11-22 | 建設省東北地方建設局長 | River structure |
| CN201334669Y (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2009-10-28 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 | Anchoring structure of tailings reservoir preliminary dam top leakproof geomembrane |
| CN201334665Y (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2009-10-28 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 | Anchoring structure for seepage-proofing geomembrane of tail stack side slope |
| CN201334670Y (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2009-10-28 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 | Seepage-proofing structure for tailing stack side slope |
| CN101725159B (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2013-10-16 | 北京亿路特通新材料有限责任公司 | Method for building impervious liner of refuse landfill by utilizing earthiness firming agent |
| CN201762729U (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2011-03-16 | 无锡市政设计研究院有限公司 | Anti-seepage structure of solid waste landfill on high-steep side slope or strongly-weathered bedrock |
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2010
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